Chronic toxicity of chloride to freshwater species: Effects of hardness and implications for water quality guidelines

Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry

Volumn 30, Issue 1, 2011, Pages 239-246

  Elphick, James R F ^a   Bergh, Kelli D ^b   Bailey, Howard C ^a  

^a Nautilus Environmental   (Canada)

^b Rescan Environmental Services   (Canada)

Author keywords

Aquatic toxicology; Chloride; Effluent; Species sensitivity distribution; Water quality guideline

Indexed keywords

AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY; BRACHIONUS; CERIODAPHNIA DUBIA; CHIRONOMUS; CHLORIDE; CHRONIC EXPOSURE; CHRONIC TOXICITY; DAPHNIA MAGNA; DATA SETS; FRESHWATER SPECIES; HIGH HARDNESS; LONG TERM EXPOSURE; LUMBRICULUS VARIEGATUS; MEDIAN LETHAL CONCENTRATION; ONCORHYNCHUS MYKISS; PIMEPHALES PROMELAS; SENSITIVE SPECIES; SPECIES SENSITIVITY DISTRIBUTIONS; TOXICITY TEST; TUBIFEX TUBIFEX; UNITED STATES ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY; WATER CONDITIONS; WATER HARDNESS; WATER QUALITY GUIDELINE; WATER QUALITY GUIDELINES;

CHLORINE COMPOUNDS; ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY; HARDNESS; TOXICITY; WATER POLLUTION; WATER QUALITY;

EFFLUENTS;

CALCIUM; CHLORIDE; MAGNESIUM; POTASSIUM; SODIUM; SULFATE;

CHEMICAL POLLUTANT; CHLORIDE; CRUSTACEAN; CYPRINID; EFFLUENT; FRESHWATER ECOSYSTEM; GROWTH RATE; GUIDELINE; HARDNESS; INHIBITION; POLLUTION EXPOSURE; SALMONID; SUBLETHAL EFFECT; TOXICITY TEST; TOXICOLOGY; WATER QUALITY;

ARTICLE; BRACHIONUS CALYCIFLORUS; CERIODAPHNIA DUBIA; CHIRONOMUS DILUTUS; DAPHNIA; FRESHWATER SPECIES; HYALLELA AZTECA; LUMBRICULUS VARIEGATUS; PIMEPHALES PROMELAS; PRIORITY JOURNAL; RAINBOW TROUT; TUBIFEX TUBIFEX; WATER HARDNESS; WATER QUALITY;

ACUTE TOXICITY TESTS; AMPHIPODA; ANIMALS; AQUATIC ORGANISMS; CHIRONOMIDAE; CHLORIDES; CYPRINIDAE; DAPHNIA; DOSE-RESPONSE RELATIONSHIP, DRUG; ENVIRONMENTAL POLICY; FRESH WATER; OLIGOCHAETA; ONCORHYNCHUS MYKISS; RISK ASSESSMENT; ROTIFERA; TOXICITY TESTS, CHRONIC; UNITED STATES; UNITED STATES ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY; WATER POLLUTANTS, CHEMICAL; WATER POLLUTION;

BRACHIONUS CALYCIFLORUS; CERIODAPHNIA DUBIA; CHIRONOMUS DILUTUS; DAPHNIA MAGNA; HYALELLA AZTECA; LUMBRICULUS VARIEGATUS; ONCORHYNCHUS MYKISS; PIMEPHALES PROMELAS; TUBIFEX TUBIFEX;

EID: 78650431576     PISSN: 07307268     EISSN: 15528618     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1002/etc.365     Document Type: Article

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