Simulating trait evolution for cross-cultural comparison

Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences

Volumn 365, Issue 1559, 2010, Pages 3807-3819

  Nunn, Charles L ^a   Arnold, Christian ^a,b   Matthews, Luke ^b   Mulder, Monique Borgerhoff ^c  

^a HARVARD UNIVERSITY   (United States)

^b UNIVERSITY OF LEIPZIG   (Germany)

^c UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA   (United States)

Author keywords

Consistency index; Correlated evolution; Cross cultural comparison; Cultural traits; Phylogeny; Simulation study

Indexed keywords

ANTHROPOLOGY; COMPARATIVE STUDY; CORRELATION; EVOLUTIONARY BIOLOGY; PHYLOGENETICS; PHYLOGENY;

EID: 78650377786     PISSN: 09628436     EISSN: 14712970     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1098/rstb.2010.0009     Document Type: Article

References (70)

1. Archie, J. W. 1989 Homoplasy excess ratios: new indices for measuring levels of homoplasy in phylogenetic systematics and a critique of the consistency index. Syst. Zool. 38, 253-269. (doi:10.2307/2992286)
2. Archie, J. W. 1990 Homoplasy excess statistics and retention indices: a reply to Farris. Syst. Zool. 39, 169-174. (doi:10.2307/2992454)
3. Billing, J. & Sherman, P. W. 1998 Antimicrobial functions of spices: why some like it hot. Q. Rev. Biol. 73, 3-49. (doi:10.1086/420058)
4. Bininda-Emonds, O. R. P. et al. 2007 The delayed rise of present-day mammals. Nature 446, 507-512. (doi:10.1038/nature05634)
5. Blower, S. M. & Dowlatabadi, H. 1994 Sensitivity and uncertainty analysis of complex-models of disease transmission - an HIV model as an example. Int. Stat. Rev. 62, 229-243. (doi:10.2307/1403510)
6. Borgerhoff Mulder, M., George-Cramer, M., Eshleman, J. & Ortolani, A. 2001 A study of East African kinship and marriage using phylogenetically controlled comparison. Am. Anthropol. 103, 1059-1082. (doi:10.1525/aa.2001.103. 4.1059)
7. Borgerhoff Mulder, M., Nunn, C. L. & Towner, M. C. 2006 Macroevolutionary studies of cultural trait transmission. Evol. Anthropol. 15, 52-64. (doi:10.1002/evan.20088)
8. Boyd, R., Borgerhoff Mulder, M., Durham, W. H. & Richerson, P. J. 1997 Are cultural phylogenies possible? In Human by nature: between biology and the social sciences (eds P. Weingart, S. D. Mitchell, P. J. Richerson & S. Maasen), pp. 355-386. Mahwah, NJ: Erlbaum.
9. Burton, M. L. & White, D. R. 1984 Sexual division of labor in agriculture. Am. Anthropol. 86, 568-583. (doi:10.1525/aa.1984.86.3.02a00020)
10. Collard, M., Shennan, S. J. & Tehrani, J. J. 2006 Branching, blending, and the evolution of cultural similarities and differences among human populations. Evol. Hum. Behav. 27, 169-184. (doi:10.1016/j.evolhumbehav.2005. 07.003)
11. Currie, T. E., Greenhill, S. J. & Mace, R. 2010 Is horizontal transmission really a problem for phylogenetic comparative methods? A simulation study using continuous cultural traits. Phil. Trans. R. Soc. B 365, 3903-3912. (doi:10.1098/rstb.2010.0014)
12. De'ath, G. & Fabricius, K. E. 2000 Classification and regression trees: a powerful yet simple technique for ecological data analysis. Ecology 81, 3178-3192. (doi:10.1890/0012-9658(2000)081[3178:CARTAP]2.0.CO;2)
13. Diaz-Uriarte, R. & Garland, T. 1996 Testing hypotheses of correlated evolution using phylogenetically independent contrasts: sensitivity to deviations from Brownian motion. Syst. Biol. 45, 27-47. (doi:10.1093/sysbio/45. 1.27)
14. Dow, M. M. 1984 A biparametric approach to network autocorrelation. Sociol. Methods Res. 13, 201-217.(doi:10.1177/0049124184013002002)
15. Dow, M. M. 1993 Saving the theory: on chi-square tests with cross-cultural survey data. Cross Cult. Res. 27, 247-276. (doi:10.1177/ 106939719302700305)
16. Dow, M. M. 2007 Galton's problem as multiple network autocorrelation effects - cultural trait transmission and ecological constraint. Cross Cult. Res. 41, 336-363.
17. Ensminger, J. 1997 Transaction costs and Islam: explaining conversion in Africa. J. Inst. Theor. Econ. 153, 4-29.
18. Farris, J. 1989 The retention index and the rescaled consistency index. Cladistics 5, 417-419. (doi:10.1111/j.1096-0031.1989.tb00573.x)
19. Felsenstein, J. 1985 Phylogenies and the comparative method. Am. Nat. 125, 1-15. (doi:10.1086/284325)
20. Fortunato, L., Holden, C. &Mace, R. 2006 From bridewealth to dowry? A Bayesian estimation of ancestral states of marriage transfers in Indo-European groups. Hum. Nat. 17, 355-376. (doi:10.1007/s12110-006-1000-4)
21. Gordon, R. G. (ed.) 2005 Ethnologue: languages of the world. Dallas, TX: SIL International. See http://www.ethnologue.com.
22. Gray, R. D., Bryant, D. & Greenhill, S. J. 2010 On the shape and fabric of human history. Phil. Trans. R. Soc. B 365, 3923-3933. (doi:10.1098/rstb.2010.0162)
23. Gray, R. D. & Atkinson, Q. D. 2003 Language-tree divergence times support the Anatolian theory of Indo-European origin. Nature 426, 435-439. (doi:10.1038/nature02029)
24. Gray, R. D. & Jordan, F. M. 2000 Language trees support the express-train sequence of Austronesian expansion. Nature 405, 1052-1055. (doi:10.1038/35016575)
25. Hartung, J. 1982 Polygyny and the inheritance of wealth. Curr. Anthropol. 23, 1-12. (doi:10.1086/202775)
26. Harvey, P. H. & Pagel, M. D. 1991 The comparative method in evolutionary biology. Oxford Series in Ecology and Evolution. Oxford, UK: Oxford University Press.
27. Harvey, P. H. & Rambaut, A. 2000 Comparative analyses for adaptive radiations. Proc. R. Soc. Lond. B 355, 1599-1605. (doi:10.1098/rstb.2000.0721)
28. Holden, C. J. 2002 Bantu language trees reflect the spread of farming across sub-Saharan Africa: a maximumparsimony analysis. Proc. R. Soc. Lond. B 269, 793-799. (doi:10.1098/rspb.2002.1955)
29. Hurles, M. E., Matisoo-Smith, E., Gray, R. D. & Penny, D. 2003 Untangling oceanic settlement: the edge of the knowable. Trends Ecol. Evol. 18, 531-540. (doi:10.1016/S0169-5347(03)00245-3)
30. Jones, D. 2003 Kinship and deep history: exploring connections between culture areas, genes, and languages. Am. Anthropol. 105, 501-514. (doi:10.1525/aa.2003.105.3.501)
31. Jordan, P. & Shennan, S. J. 2003 Cultural transmission, language, and basketry traditions amongst the California Indians. J. Anthropol. Archaeol. 22, 43-74. (doi:10.1016/S0278-4165(03)00004-7)
32. Kluge, A. G. & Farris, J. S. 1969 Quantitative phyletics and evolution of anurans. Syst. Zool. 18, 1-32.
33. Lipo, C. P., O'Brien, M. J., Collard, M. & Shennan, S. (eds) 2006 Mapping our ancestors. New Brunswick, NJ: Aldine Transaction.
34. Lycett, S. J., Collard, M. & McGrew, W. C. 2007 Phylogenetic analyses of behavior support existence of culture among wild chimpanzees. Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA 104, 17 588-17 592. (doi:10.1073/pnas.0707930104)
35. Mace, R. & Holden, C. J. 2005 A phylogenetic approach to cultural evolution. Trends Ecol. Evol. 20, 116-121. (doi:10.1016/j.tree.2004.12.002)
36. Mace, R. & Pagel, M. 1994 The comparative method in anthropology. Curr. Anthropol. 35, 549-564. (doi:10.1086/204317)
37. Mace, R. & Pagel, M. 1995 A latitudinal gradient in the density of human languages in North America. Proc. R. Soc. Lond. B 261, 117-121. (doi:10.1098/rspb.1995.0125)
38. Mace, R., Holden, C. J. & Shennan, S. (eds) 2005 The evolution of cultural diversity: a phylogenetic approach. London, UK: UCL Press.
39. Maddison, D. R., Swofford, D. L. & Maddison, W. P. 1997 Nexus: an extensible file format for systematic information. Syst. Biol. 46, 590-621. (doi:10.2307/2413497)
40. Martins, E. P. & Garland, T. 1991 Phylogenetic analyses of the correlated evolution of continuous characters: a simulation study. Evolution 45, 534-557. (doi:10.2307/2409910)
41. Mesoudi, A., Whiten, A. & Laland, K. N. 2004 Perspective: is human cultural evolution Darwinian? Evidence reviewed from the perspective of the origin of species. Evolution 58, 1-11. (doi:10.1554/03-212)
42. Moore, J. H. 1994 Putting anthropology back together again: the ethnogenetic critique of cladistic theory. Am. Anthropol. 96, 925-948. (doi:10.1525/aa.1994.96.4.02a00110)
43. Moore, C. C. & Romney, A. K. 1994 Material culture, geographic propinquity, and Linguist affiliation on the north coast of New-Guinea - a reanalysis. Am. Anthropol. 96, 370-392. (doi:10.1525/aa.1994.96.2.02a00050)
44. Moore, J. L., Manne, L., Brooks, T., Burgess, N. D., Davies, R., Rahbek, C., Williams, P. & Balmford, A. 2002 The distribution of cultural and biological diversity in Africa. Proc. R. Soc. Lond. B 269, 1645-1653. (doi:10.1098/rspb.2002.2075)
45. Moylan, J. W., Borgerhoff Mulder, M., Graham, C. M., Nunn, C. L. & Hakansson, T. 2006 Cultural traits and Linguistic trees: phylogenetic signal in East Africa. In Mapping our ancestors (eds C. P. Lipo, M. J. O'Brien, M. Collard & S. Shennan), pp. 33-52. New Brunswick, NJ: Aldine Transaction.
46. Murdock, G. P. & White, D. 1969 Standard cross-cultural sample. Ethnology 8, 329-369. (doi:10.2307/3772907)
47. Naroll, R. 1961 Two solutions to Galton problem. Phil. Sci. 28, 15-39. (doi:10.1086/287778)
48. Naylor, G. & Kraus, F. 1995 The relationship between s and m and the retention index. Syst. Biol. 44, 559-562. (doi:10.1093/sysbio%2F44.4.559)
49. Nee, S., Holmes, E. C., May, R. M. & Harvey, P. H. 1994 Extinction rates can be estimated from molecular phylogenies. Phil. Trans. R. Soc. Lond. B 344, 77-82. (doi:10.1098/rstb.1994.0054)
50. Nunn, C. L. 1995 A simulation test of Smith's 'degrees of freedom' correction for comparative studies. Am. J. Phys. Anthropol. 98, 355-367. (doi:10.1002/ajpa.1330980308)
51. Nunn, C. L. & Barton, R. A. 2001 Comparative methods for studying primate adaptation and allometry. Evol. Anthropol. 10, 81-98. (doi:10.1002/evan.1019)
52. Nunn, C. L., Borgerhoff Mulder, M. & Langley, S. 2006 Comparative methods for studying cultural trait evolution: a simulation study. Cross Cult. Res. 40, 177-209. (doi:10.1177/1069397105283401)
53. O'Brien, M. J., Darwent, J. & Lyman, R. L. 2001 Cladistics is useful for reconstructing archaeological phylogenies: Palaeoindian points from the southeastern United States. J. Archaeol. Sci. 28, 1115-1136. (doi:10.1006/jasc.2001.0681)
54. Pagel, M. & Mace, R. 2004 The cultural wealth of nations. Nature 428, 275-278. (doi:10.1038/428275a)
55. Pagel, M. D., May, R. M. & Collie, A. R. 1991 Ecological aspects of the geographical-distribution and diversity of mammalian-species. Am. Nat. 137, 791-815. (doi:10.1086/285194)
56. Price, T. 1997 Correlated evolution and independent contrasts. Phil. Trans. R. Soc. Lond. B 352, 519-529. (doi:10.1098/rstb.1997.0036)
57. Purvis, A., Gittleman, J. L. & Luh, H. 1994 Truth or consequences: effects of phylogenetic accuracy on two comparative methods. J. Theor. Biol. 167, 293-300. (doi:10.1006/jtbi.1994.1071)
58. Roe, F. G. 1955 The Indian and the horse. Norman, OK: University of Oklahoma Press.
59. Rushton, S. P., Lurz, P. W. W., Gurnell, J. & Fuller, R. 2000 Modelling the spatial dynamics of parapoxvirus disease in red and grey squirrels: a possible cause of the decline in the red squirrel in the UK? J. Appl. Ecol. 37, 997-1012. (doi:10.1046/j.1365-2664.2000.00553.x)
60. Sanderson, M. J. & Donoghue, M. J. 1989 Patterns of variation in levels of homoplasy. Evolution 43, 1781-1795. (doi:10.2307/2409392)
61. Seaholm, S. K., Ackerman, E. & Wu, S. C. 1988 Latin hypercube sampling and the sensitivity analysis of a Monte-Carlo epidemic model. Int. J. Biomed. Comput. 23, 97-112. (doi:10.1016/0020-7101(88)90067-0)
62. Sutherland,W. J. 2003 Parallel extinction risk and global distribution of languages and species. Nature 423, 276-279. (doi:10.1038/nature01607)
63. Swofford, D. L. 2003 PAUP*: phylogenetic analysis using parsimony (*and other methods). Sunderland, MA: Sinauer Associates.
64. Symonds, M. R. E. 2002 The effects of topological inaccuracy in evolutionary trees on the phylogenetic comparative method of independent contrasts. Syst. Biol. 51, 541-553. (doi:10.1080/10635150290069977)
65. Tehrani, J. & Collard, M. 2002 Investigating cultural evolution through biological phylogenetic analyses of Turkmen textiles. J. Anthropol. Archaeol. 21, 443-463. (doi:10.1016/S0278-4165(02)00002-8)
66. Terrell, J. E., Hunt, T. L. & Gosden, C. 1997 The dimensions of social life in the Pacific - human diversity and the myth of the primitive isolate. Curr. Anthropol. 38, 155-195. (doi:10.1086/204604)
67. Trimmingham, J. S. 1970 A history of Islam in west Africa. London, UK: Oxford University Press.
68. Tylor, E. B. 1889 On a method of investigating the development of institutions applied to the law of marriage and descent. J. R. Anthropol. Inst. 18, 245-272.
69. White, D. R., Burton, M. L. & Dow, M. M. 1981 Sexual division of labor in African agriculture - a network autocorrelation analysis. Am. Anthropol. 83, 824-849. (doi:10.1525/aa.1981.83.4.02a00040)
70. Whiten, A., Goodall, J., McGrew, W. C., Nishida, T., Reynolds, V., Sugiyama, Y., Tutin, C. E. G., Wrangham, R. W. & Boesch, C. 1999 Cultures in chimpanzees. Nature 399, 682-685. (doi:10.1038/21415)