메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 37, Issue 126, 2010, Pages 483-495

Oil as the 'curse' of conflict in Africa: Peering through the smoke and mirrors

Author keywords

Nigeria; Oil; Resource curse

Indexed keywords

CAPITALISM; ECONOMIC RELATIONS; ENERGY RESOURCE; OIL; POLITICAL CONFLICT; POLITICAL DISCOURSE; POLITICAL ECONOMY;

EID: 78650298214     PISSN: 03056244     EISSN: 17401720     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2010.530947     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (57)

References (74)
  • 1
    • 84940698300 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Multinational corporations: The new colonisers of Africa
    • 4 June. Available from, Accessed 27 July 2010
    • Adusei, L., 2009. Multinational corporations: the new colonisers of Africa. Pambazuka News, 4 June. Available from: http://www.pambazuka.org/en/category/features/56716 [Accessed 27 July 2010].
    • (2009) Pambazuka News
    • Adusei, L.1
  • 4
    • 2942518779 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Natural resources and civil strife: A two-stage process
    • Auty, R., 2004. Natural resources and civil strife: a two-stage process. Geopolitics, 9 (1), 29-49.
    • (2004) Geopolitics , vol.9 , Issue.1 , pp. 29-49
    • Auty, R.1
  • 5
    • 70350768886 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Resource Curse or rentier peace? The ambiguous effects of oil wealth and oil dependence on violent conflict
    • Basedau, M. and Lay, J., 2009. Resource Curse or rentier peace? The ambiguous effects of oil wealth and oil dependence on violent conflict. Journal of Peace Research, 46 (6), 757-776.
    • (2009) Journal of Peace Research , vol.46 , Issue.6 , pp. 757-776
    • Basedau, M.1    Lay, J.2
  • 7
    • 33845539452 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Armed groups and conflict in rivers and plateau states, Nigeria
    • In: N. Florquin and E. Berman, eds., Geneva: Small Arms Survey
    • Best, S. and Kemedi, D. von, 2005. Armed groups and conflict in rivers and plateau states, Nigeria. In: N. Florquin and E. Berman, eds. Armed and aimless: armed groups, guns and human security in the ECOWAS region. Geneva: Small Arms Survey, 13-45.
    • (2005) Armed and Aimless: Armed Groups, Guns and Human Security in the ECOWAS Region , pp. 13-45
    • Best, S.1    von Kemedi, D.2
  • 8
    • 65449177053 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Geographies of war: Perspectives on 'resource wars'
    • Billon, P., 2007. Geographies of war: perspectives on 'resource wars'. Geography Compass, 2 (1), 163-182.
    • (2007) Geography Compass , vol.2 , Issue.1 , pp. 163-182
    • Billon, P.1
  • 9
    • 84940698301 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Shell and Exxon to smash transatlantic profit
    • Available from, Accessed 29 January 2009
    • Boles, T., 2006. Shell and Exxon to smash transatlantic profit. Timesonline. Available from: http://business.timesonline.co.uk [Accessed 29 January 2009].
    • (2006) Timesonline
    • Boles, T.1
  • 12
    • 72749086705 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Alienation and militancy in Nigeria's Niger Delta
    • May. Washington, DC: Centre for Strategic and International Studies
    • Cesarz, E., Morrison, S., and Cooke, J., 2003. Alienation and militancy in Nigeria's Niger Delta. CSIS Africa Notes, No. 16, May. Washington, DC: Centre for Strategic and International Studies, 1-4.
    • (2003) CSIS Africa Notes , vol.16 , pp. 1-4
    • Cesarz, E.1    Morrison, S.2    Cooke, J.3
  • 13
    • 35548935471 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Oxford: Oxford University Press
    • Collier, P., 2007. The bottom billion. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
    • (2007) The Bottom Billion
    • Collier, P.1
  • 14
    • 2942546923 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Greed and grievance in civil wars
    • Collier, P. and Hoeffler, A., 2004. Greed and grievance in civil wars. Oxford Economic Papers, 56 (4), 563-595.
    • (2004) Oxford Economic Papers , vol.56 , Issue.4 , pp. 563-595
    • Collier, P.1    Hoeffler, A.2
  • 15
    • 22944472099 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Resource rents, governance and conflict
    • Collier, P. and Hoeffler, A., 2005. Resource rents, governance and conflict. Journal of Conflict Resolution, 49 (4), 538-562.
    • (2005) Journal of Conflict Resolution , vol.49 , Issue.4 , pp. 538-562
    • Collier, P.1    Hoeffler, A.2
  • 16
    • 34547744456 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Resource wealth and the risk of civil war onset: Results from a new data set of natural resource rents
    • De Soysa, I. and Neumayer, E., 2007. Resource wealth and the risk of civil war onset: results from a new data set of natural resource rents. Conflict Management and Peace Science, 24 (3), 201-218.
    • (2007) Conflict Management and Peace Science , vol.24 , Issue.3 , pp. 201-218
    • de Soysa, I.1    Neumayer, E.2
  • 17
    • 34548317010 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Oil abundance and violent political conflict: A critical assessment
    • Di John, J., 2007. Oil abundance and violent political conflict: a critical assessment. Journal of Development Studies, 43 (6), 961-986.
    • (2007) Journal of Development Studies , vol.43 , Issue.6 , pp. 961-986
    • Di John, J.1
  • 19
    • 22944479962 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Primary commodities exports and civil war
    • Fearon, J., 2005. Primary commodities exports and civil war. Journal of Conflict Resolution, 49 (4), 483-507.
    • (2005) Journal of Conflict Resolution , vol.49 , Issue.4 , pp. 483-507
    • Fearon, J.1
  • 20
    • 26444443080 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Seeing like an oil company: Space, security, and global capital in neoliberal Africa
    • Ferguson, J., 2005. Seeing like an oil company: space, security, and global capital in neoliberal Africa. American Anthropologist, 107 (3), 377-382.
    • (2005) American Anthropologist , vol.107 , Issue.3 , pp. 377-382
    • Ferguson, J.1
  • 22
    • 78650292773 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • 9 April. Revenue Watch Institute. Available from, Accessed 26 July 2010
    • Garuba, D., 2009. Nigeria: Halliburton, bribes and the deceit of zero-tolerance for corruption. 9 April. Revenue Watch Institute. Available from: http://www.revenuewatch.org/news/newsarticle/nigeria/nigeria-halliburton-bribes-and-deceit-zero-tolerance-corruption [Accessed 26 July 2010].
    • (2009) Nigeria: Halliburton, Bribes and The Deceit of Zero-tolerance for Corruption
    • Garuba, D.1
  • 26
    • 0034526795 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Economic incentives, natural resources and conflict in Africa
    • Herbst, J., 2000. Economic incentives, natural resources and conflict in Africa. Journal of African Economies, 9 (3), 270-294.
    • (2000) Journal of African Economies , vol.9 , Issue.3 , pp. 270-294
    • Herbst, J.1
  • 27
    • 12444277558 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Human Rights Watch, New York: Human Rights Watch
    • Human Rights Watch, 2002. Niger Delta: no democracy dividend. New York: Human Rights Watch.
    • (2002) Niger Delta: No Democracy Dividend
  • 29
    • 22944491796 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Natural resources, conflict and conflict resolution
    • Humphreys, M., 2005. Natural resources, conflict and conflict resolution. Journal of Conflict Resolution, 49 (4), 508-537.
    • (2005) Journal of Conflict Resolution , vol.49 , Issue.4 , pp. 508-537
    • Humphreys, M.1
  • 30
    • 51549114657 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A report of the Africa Program Center for Strategic and International Studies (CSIS). Washington DC: CSIS
    • Ianaccone, A., 2007. Toward a reform agenda for the Niger Delta, A report of the Africa Program Center for Strategic and International Studies (CSIS). Washington DC: CSIS.
    • (2007) Toward a Reform Agenda for the Niger Delta
    • Ianaccone, A.1
  • 31
    • 85044914170 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The economy of conflicts in the oil-rich Niger Delta Region of Nigeria
    • Ikelegbe, A., 2006. The economy of conflicts in the oil-rich Niger Delta Region of Nigeria. African and Asian Studies, 5 (1), 23-56.
    • (2006) African and Asian Studies , vol.5 , Issue.1 , pp. 23-56
    • Ikelegbe, A.1
  • 32
    • 78650264905 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • International Crisis Group, ICG Africa Report, No. 61, December. Nairobi/Brussels: International Crisis Group
    • International Crisis Group, 2002. Scramble for the Congo: anatomy of an ugly war. ICG Africa Report, No. 61, December. Nairobi/Brussels: International Crisis Group.
    • (2002) Scramble for the Congo: Anatomy of An Ugly War
  • 33
    • 78650284607 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • IRIN [Humanitarian News and Analysis of UN Office for Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs] Nigeria, 2005, 5 January. Available from, Accessed 25, July
    • IRIN [Humanitarian News and Analysis of UN Office for Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs] Nigeria, 2005. Conviction of admirals confirms navy role in oil theft. 5 January. Available from: www.irinnews.org [Accessed 25 July 2010].
    • (2010) Conviction of Admirals Confirms Navy Role in Oil Theft
  • 34
    • 77951659806 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Global Financial Integrity Report, March 10. Washington DC: Center for International Policy. Available from, Accessed 27 July 2010
    • Kar, D. and Cartwright-Smith, D., 2010. Illicit financial flows from Africa: hidden resource for development. Global Financial Integrity Report, March 10. Washington DC: Center for International Policy. Available from: http://www.gfip.org/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=300&Itemid=75 [Accessed 27 July 2010].
    • (2010) Illicit Financial Flows from Africa: Hidden Resource for Development
    • Kar, D.1    Cartwright-Smith, D.2
  • 35
    • 78649316392 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Niger Delta Economies of Violence Working Paper no. 10. Berkeley: Institute of International Studies, University of California, Berkeley; Washington, DC: The United States Institute for Peace; Port Harcourt: Our Niger Delta
    • Kemedi, D., von, 2006. Fuelling the violence: non-state armed actors (militia, cults, and gangs) in the Niger Delta. Niger Delta Economies of Violence Working Paper no. 10. Berkeley: Institute of International Studies, University of California, Berkeley; Washington, DC: The United States Institute for Peace; Port Harcourt: Our Niger Delta.
    • (2006) Fuelling the Violence: Non-state Armed Actors (militia, Cults, and Gangs) in the Niger Delta
    • Kemedi, D.1
  • 36
    • 33748420053 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • May God give us chaos, so that we can plunder': A critique of 'resource curse' and conflict theories
    • Lahiri-Dutt, K., 2006. 'May God give us chaos, so that we can plunder': a critique of 'resource curse' and conflict theories. Development, 49 (3), 14-21.
    • (2006) Development , vol.49 , Issue.3 , pp. 14-21
    • Lahiri-Dutt, K.1
  • 38
    • 58249107202 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Deadly combat over natural resources: Gems, petroleum, drugs, and the severity of armed conflict
    • Lujala, P., 2009. Deadly combat over natural resources: gems, petroleum, drugs, and the severity of armed conflict. Journal of Conflict Resolution, 53 (1), 50-71.
    • (2009) Journal of Conflict Resolution , vol.53 , Issue.1 , pp. 50-71
    • Lujala, P.1
  • 39
    • 75849141987 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The spoils of nature: Armed conflict and rebel access to natural resources
    • Lujala, P., 2010. The spoils of nature: armed conflict and rebel access to natural resources. Journal of Peace Research, 47 (1), 15-28.
    • (2010) Journal of Peace Research , vol.47 , Issue.1 , pp. 15-28
    • Lujala, P.1
  • 40
    • 78650301698 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Exxon and Shell see profits rocket
    • (UK), 1 February
    • Macalister, T., 2007. Exxon and Shell see profits rocket. The Guardian (UK), 1 February
    • (2007) The Guardian
    • Macalister, T.1
  • 41
    • 78650301159 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Shell's profits branded 'obscene'
    • (UK), 31 January
    • Macalister, T., 2008. Shell's profits branded 'obscene'. The Guardian (UK), 31 January
    • (2008) The Guardian
    • Macalister, T.1
  • 43
    • 34248034786 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The chance to go deep: US energy interests in West Africa
    • Morris, D., 2006. The chance to go deep: US energy interests in West Africa. American Foreign Policy Interests, 28 (3), 225-238.
    • (2006) American Foreign Policy Interests , vol.28 , Issue.3 , pp. 225-238
    • Morris, D.1
  • 46
    • 51549090801 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The struggle for resource control in a petro-state: A perspective from Nigeria
    • In: P. Bowles, H. Veltmeyer, S. Cornelissen, N. Invernizzi and K.-L. Tang, eds., Hampshire and New York: Palgrave Macmillan
    • Obi, C., 2007. The struggle for resource control in a petro-state: a perspective from Nigeria. In: P. Bowles, H. Veltmeyer, S. Cornelissen, N. Invernizzi and K.-L. Tang, eds. National perspectives on globalisation. Hampshire and New York: Palgrave Macmillan, 93-106.
    • (2007) National Perspectives on Globalisation , pp. 93-106
    • Obi, C.1
  • 47
    • 77954434492 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Structuring transnational spaces of identity, rights and power in the Niger Delta of Nigeria
    • Obi, C., 2009. Structuring transnational spaces of identity, rights and power in the Niger Delta of Nigeria. Globalizations, 6 (4), 467-481.
    • (2009) Globalizations , vol.6 , Issue.4 , pp. 467-481
    • Obi, C.1
  • 48
    • 77955071288 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Oil extraction, dispossession, resistance, and conflict in the Niger Delta
    • Obi, C., 2010. Oil extraction, dispossession, resistance, and conflict in the Niger Delta. Canadian Journal of Development Studies, 30 (1-2), 219-236.
    • (2010) Canadian Journal of Development Studies , vol.30 , Issue.1-2 , pp. 219-236
    • Obi, C.1
  • 51
    • 74349103228 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Liberation movements and rising violence in the Niger Delta: The new contentious site of oil and environmental politics
    • Omotola, S., 2010. Liberation movements and rising violence in the Niger Delta: the new contentious site of oil and environmental politics. Studies in Conflict & Terrorism, 33 (1), 36-54.
    • (2010) Studies in Conflict & Terrorism , vol.33 , Issue.1 , pp. 36-54
    • Omotola, S.1
  • 52
    • 51249142758 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Next front? Evolving United States-African relations in the 'war on terror' and beyond
    • Pham, P., 2007. Next front? Evolving United States-African relations in the 'war on terror' and beyond. Comparative Strategy, 26 (1), 39-54.
    • (2007) Comparative Strategy , vol.26 , Issue.1 , pp. 39-54
    • Pham, P.1
  • 53
    • 78650286581 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • 1 February. Available from, Accessed 20 February 2009
    • Porretto, J., 2007. Exxon Mobil posts record annual profit. 1 February. Available from: www.breitbart.com [Accessed 20 February 2009].
    • (2007) Exxon Mobil Posts Record Annual Profit
    • Porretto, J.1
  • 56
    • 0034951773 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Does oil hinder democracy?
    • Ross, M., 2001. Does oil hinder democracy? World Politics, 53 (April), 325-361.
    • (2001) World Politics , vol.53 , Issue.April , pp. 325-361
    • Ross, M.1
  • 57
    • 2942537815 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • What do we know about natural resources and civil war?
    • Ross, M., 2004. What do we know about natural resources and civil war? Journal of Peace Research, 41 (3), 337-356.
    • (2004) Journal of Peace Research , vol.41 , Issue.3 , pp. 337-356
    • Ross, M.1
  • 58
    • 33745790318 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A closer look at oil, diamonds, and civil war
    • Ross, M., 2006. A closer look at oil, diamonds, and civil war. Annual Review of Political Science, 9, 265-300.
    • (2006) Annual Review of Political Science , vol.9 , pp. 265-300
    • Ross, M.1
  • 59
    • 43249124058 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Blood barrels: Why oil fuels conflict
    • Ross, M., 2008. Blood barrels: why oil fuels conflict. Foreign Affairs, 87 (3), 2-9.
    • (2008) Foreign Affairs , vol.87 , Issue.3 , pp. 2-9
    • Ross, M.1
  • 61
    • 0035010707 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The curse of natural resources
    • Sachs, J. and Warner, A., 2001. The curse of natural resources. European Economic Review, 45, 827-838.
    • (2001) European Economic Review , vol.45 , pp. 827-838
    • Sachs, J.1    Warner, A.2
  • 64
    • 78650294492 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Tax Justice Network, 2008, Tax Justice Network for Africa (TJN 4 Africa), Press Release, 10 May. Available from, Accessed 27 July
    • Tax Justice Network, 2008. Africa's revolving door, equitable taxation not aid will end the looting of Africa. Tax Justice Network for Africa (TJN 4 Africa), Press Release, 10 May. Available from: http://taxjustice.blogspot.com/2008/05/tjn-4-africa-press-release.html [Accessed 27 July 2010].
    • (2010) Africa's Revolving Door, Equitable Taxation Not Aid Will End the Looting of Africa
  • 65
    • 78650283618 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Tax Justice Network, 2009, 24 March. Tax Justice Network for Africa (TJN4Africa). Available from, Accessed 27 July
    • Tax Justice Network, 2009. Breaking the curse: how transparent taxation and fair taxes can turn Africa's mineral wealth into development. 24 March. Tax Justice Network for Africa (TJN4Africa). Available from: http://taxjustice.blogspot.com/2009/03/breaking-curse-tjn4africa.html [Accessed 27 July 2010].
    • (2010) Breaking the Curse: How Transparent Taxation and Fair Taxes Can Turn Africa's Mineral Wealth Into Development
  • 67
    • 0035737287 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Oil communities and political violence: The case of ethnic Ijaws in Nigeria's Niger Delta
    • Ukeje, C., 2001. Oil communities and political violence: the case of ethnic Ijaws in Nigeria's Niger Delta. Terrorism and Violence, 13 (4), 15-36.
    • (2001) Terrorism and Violence , vol.13 , Issue.4 , pp. 15-36
    • Ukeje, C.1
  • 68
    • 36348959669 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • From pirates to militants: A historical perspective on anti-state and anti-oil company mobilization among the Ijaw of Warri,Western Niger Delta
    • Ukiwo, U., 2007. From pirates to militants: a historical perspective on anti-state and anti-oil company mobilization among the Ijaw of Warri,Western Niger Delta. African Affairs, 106 (425), 587-610.
    • (2007) African Affairs , vol.106 , Issue.425 , pp. 587-610
    • Ukiwo, U.1
  • 70
    • 78650265276 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • UNRISD [United Nations Research Institute for Social Development], 1-2 March. UNRISD Conference News
    • UNRISD [United Nations Research Institute for Social Development], 2007. Report of the UNRISD International Workshop, 1-2 March. UNRISD Conference News.
    • (2007) Report of the UNRISD International Workshop
  • 71
    • 78650297771 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Snamprogetti, ENI to pay $365 Million in Bribe Case
    • 7 July. Available from, Accessed 27 July 2010
    • Voreacos, D., 2010. Snamprogetti, ENI to pay $365 Million in Bribe Case. Bloomberg Businessweek, 7 July. Available from: http://www.businessweek.com/news/2010-07-07/snamprogetti-eni-topay-365-million-in-bribe-case.html [Accessed 27 July 2010].
    • (2010) Bloomberg Businessweek
    • Voreacos, D.1
  • 72
    • 78650278993 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • WAC Global Services, 2003, Working paper for Shell Petroleum Development Company of Nigeria Ltd. December. Available from, Accessed 15 November
    • WAC Global Services, 2003. Peace and security in the Niger Delta: conflict expert group baseline report. Working paper for Shell Petroleum Development Company of Nigeria Ltd. December. Available from: http://www.shellnews.net/shell_wac_report_2004.pdf [Accessed 15 November 2010].
    • (2010) Peace and Security in the Niger Delta: Conflict Expert Group Baseline Report
  • 73
    • 16544390443 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Resource curse? Governmentability, oil and power in the Niger Delta, Nigeria
    • Watts, M., 2004. Resource curse? Governmentability, oil and power in the Niger Delta, Nigeria. Geopolitics, 9 (1), 50-80.
    • (2004) Geopolitics , vol.9 , Issue.1 , pp. 50-80
    • Watts, M.1
  • 74
    • 38049033507 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Petro-insurgency or criminal syndicate? Conflict and violence in the Niger Delta
    • Watts, M., 2007. Petro-insurgency or criminal syndicate? Conflict and violence in the Niger Delta. Review of African Political Economy, 24 (114), 637-660.
    • (2007) Review of African Political Economy , vol.24 , Issue.114 , pp. 637-660
    • Watts, M.1


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.