The roles of legitimacy in environmental conflict: An Indonesian case study

Society and Natural Resources

Volumn 24, Issue 1, 2011, Pages 49-64

  Gritten, David ^a   Saastamoinen, Olli ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF EASTERN FINLAND   (Finland)

Author keywords

Environmental nongovernment organizations (ENGOs); Moral and legal legitimacy; Pulp and paper industry; Stakeholders; Values

Indexed keywords

COMPLEXITY; MORALITY; NATURAL RESOURCE; NONGOVERNMENTAL ORGANIZATION; PULP AND PAPER INDUSTRY; RESOURCE DEVELOPMENT; STAKEHOLDER;

INDONESIA;

EID: 78650054044     PISSN: 08941920     EISSN: 15210723     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1080/08941920802713580     Document Type: Article

References (53)

1. APRIL-Watch. 2006. PT RAPP commits more corporate crime. May 12, 2006. http://aprilwatch.blogspot.com/2006/05 (accessed 18 November 2007).
2. Asia Pacific Resources International Holdings Limited (APRIL). 2002. APRIL management's comments in response to "Paper tiger, hidden dragons 2." Singapore: APRIL, unpublished document.
3. Asia Pacific Resources International Holdings Limited (APRIL). 2006a. Sustainability report: Driving a sustainable culture. Singapore: APRIL.
4. Asia Pacific Resources International Holdings Limited (APRIL). 2006b. Official statement on the Gading Permai case. http://www.aprilasia.com/pdfs/04may06_gadingpermaicase.pdf (accessed 8 May 2007).
5. Asia Pacific Resources International Holdings Limited (APRIL). n.d. Land rights and collective labour agreement. Singapore: APRIL, unpublished document.
6. Asia Pacific Resources International Holdings Limited (APRIL). n.d. Unpublished correspondence from APRIL to Friends of the Earth EWNI. Singapore: APRIL, unpublished document.
7. Barr, C. 2001. Banking on sustainability: Structural adjustment and forestry reform in post-Suharto Indonesia. Washington, DC: WWF Macroeconomics Program Office and CIFOR.
8. Chrystanto, S. Y., and A. Justianto. 2003. National forest policy review Indonesia. In An overview of forest policies in Asia. Information and analysis for sustainable forest management, ed. T. Enters, M. Qiang, and R. N. Leslie, 153-169. Bangkok, Thailand: FAO.
9. Cooper, S. 2004. Corporate social performance: A stakeholder approach. Hants, UK: Ashgate.
10. Deegan, C. 2000. Financial accounting theory. Roseville, Australia: McGraw-Hill.
11. Deegan, C., and M. Rankin. 1996. Do Australian companies report environmental news objectively? An analysis of environmental disclosures by firms prosecuted successfully by the Environmental Protection Authority. Accounting Auditing Accountability 9(2):52-69.
12. Dowling, J., and J. Pfeffer. 1975. Organizational legitimacy: Social values and organizational behaviour. Pacific Sociol. Rev. 18(1):122-136.
13. Down to Earth. 2006. Certification controversy. Down to Earth no. 69, May. http://dte.gn.apc.org/69for2.htm (accessed 18 October 2008).
14. Eyes on the Forest. 2006. Eyes on the Forest December 2005 investigative report. http://www.eyesontheforest.or.id/investigation/Des2005%20update%20report.pdf (accessed 25 August 2006).
15. Friends of the Earth. 2003. Media briefing: HSBC Holdings plc. Friends of the Earth England, Wales and Northern Ireland. May 2003. London: Friends of the Earth.
16. Gillison A. N. 2001. Vegetation survey and habitat assessment of the Tesso Nilo forest complex. Prepared for WWF-USA by the Centre for Biodiversity Management, Australia. WWF-USA. http://www.wwf.de/fileadmin/fm-wwf/pdf-alt/presse/tessonilo.pdf (accessed 17 October 2008).
17. Greenpeace International. n.d. Our core values. http://www.greenpeace.org/international (accessed 17 October 2008).
18. Gritten, D., and P. Kant. 2007. Assessing the impact of environmental campaigns against the activities of a pulp and paper company in Indonesia. Int. For. Rev. 9(4):819-834.
19. Haley, M., and A. Clayton. 2003. The role of ENGOs in environmental policy failures in a developing country: The mismanagement of Jamaica's coral reefs. Environ. Values 12:29-54.
20. Hunter, T., and P. Bansal. 2007. How standard is standardized MNC global environmental communication? J. Business Ethics 71(2):135-147.
21. Jakarta Post. 2007a. Private sector says it won't go green for free. 7 November. http://www.thejakartapost.com/Archives/Det2FileID=20071107.I0 (accessed 8 November 2007).
22. Jakarta Post. 2007b. Riau illegal logging: Torn between environment, business. 16 October. http://www.thejakartapost.com/Archives/Det2FileID=20071016.A05 (accessed 8 November 2007).
23. Jakarta Post. 2007c. Few forestry firms seek certification. 8 November. http://www.thejakartapost.com/Archives/Det2asp?FileID=20071108.M06 (accessed 8 November 2007).
24. Jensen, O. B. 2007. Consolidating sustainable forest management certification in Indonesia- Ex-post evaluation report. International Tropical Timber Organization. www.itto.or.jp (accessed 17 October 2008).
25. Jepson, P. 2005. Governance and accountability of environmental NGOs. Environ. Sci. Policy 8:515-524.
26. Johnson, G., and K. Scholes. 2002. Exploring corporate strategy: Text and cases. Hemel Hempstead, UK: Prentice Hall.
27. Kaisti, H. 2001. Historically shaped relations of production and power in Indonesian forest policy. In Tropical forests facing new modes of Governance in the global era, ed. C. Lacuna-Richman and H. Kaisti, 63-86. Joensuu, Finland: University of Joensuu.
28. Kohlberg, L. 1981. Essays on moral development. Vol. 1: The philosophy of moral development. San Francisco, CA: Harper and Row.
29. Krott, M. 2005. Forest policy analysis. Dodrecht, the Netherlands: Springer. Lembaga Ekolabel Indonesia. n.d. Lembaga Ekolabel Indonesia-Certification system for plantation forest management. http://www.lei.or.id/english/download.php (accessed 18 October 2006).
30. Logsdon, J. M., and K. Yuthas. 1997. Corporate social performance, stakeholder orientation, and organizational moral development. J. Business Ethics 16:1212-1226.
31. Matthew, E., and J. W. Van Gelder. 2002. Paper tiger, hidden dragons 2: APRIL fools: The forest destruction, social conflict and financial crisis of APRIL, and the role of financial institutions and paper merchants. London: Friends of the Earth.
32. Matthews, M. R. 1993. Socially responsible accounting. London: Chapman and Hall.
33. Miettinen, O., and T. Selin. 1999. The calculated risk-UPM-Kymmene in Indonesian rainforests. http://www.maanystavat.fi/april/book (accessed 31 January 2006).
34. Ministry of Forestry. 2001. Indication of degraded forest area. In Trends in Indonesian forest policy, ed. W. Wardojo and N. Masripatin, 77-87. 2003. Policy Trend Report. IGES: Hayama, Japan.
35. Mitchell, R., B. Agle, and O. Wood. 1997. Toward a theory of stakeholder identification and salience: Defining the principle of how and what really counts. Acad. Manage. Rev. 22(4):853-886.
36. Murphy, D. F., and J. Bendell. 1999. Partners in time? Business, NGOs and sustainable development. UNRISD Discussion Paper no. 109. Geneva: United Nations Research Institute.
37. Pirard, R., and C. Cossalter. 2006. The revival of industrial forest plantations in Indonesia's Kalimantan Provinces. Working Paper 37. Bogor, Indonesia: Centre for International Forest Research.
38. Proforest. 2004. A review of RAPP's land dispute resolution procedures. 6 February. Oxford, UK: ProForest, unpublished document.
39. Putnam, L., and J. M. Wondolleck. 2003. Intractability: Definitions, dimensions, and distinctions. In Making sense of intractable environmental conflicts. Concepts and cases, ed. R. Lewicki, B. Gray, and M. Elliot, 35-59. Washington, DC: Island Press.
40. Ramírez, R. 1999. Stakeholder analysis and conflict management. In Conflict and collaboration in natural resource management, ed. D. Buckles, 101-128. Ottawa, Canada: IDRC=World Bank.
41. Secretariat of the Convention on Biological Diversity. 2004. Akwé: Kon voluntary guidelines for the conduct of cultural, environmental and social impact assessment regarding developments proposed to take place on, or which are likely to impact on, sacred sites and on lands and waters traditionally occupied or used by Indigenous and local communities. Montreal. CBD Guidelines Series. Montreal, Canada: Secretariat of the Convention on Biological Diversity.
42. Société Générale de Surveillance Malaysia. 2004. Timber tracking-Legal forest management concessions surveillance report. Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia: SGS, unpublished document. Sonnenfeld, D. 1998. Social movements, environment, and technology in Indonesia's pulp and paper industry. Asia Pacific Viewpoint 39(1):95-110.
43. Sonnenfeld, D. 2002. Social movements and ecological modernization: The transformation of pulp and paper manufacturing. Dev. Change 33(1):1-28.
44. Stillman, P. G. 1974. The concept of legitimacy. Polity 7(1):32-56.
45. Strecklow, S. 2006. Environmentalists, loggers near deal on Asian Rainforest. Wall Street Journal, 1 March. http://online.wsj.com/article/SB114066232214180908.html. (accessed 17 October 2008).
46. Suchman, M. 1995. Managing legitimacy: Strategic and institutional approaches. Acad. Manage. Rev. 20(3):571-610.
47. Tyler, S. 1999. Policy implications of natural resource conflict management. In Conflict and collaboration in natural resource management, ed. D. Buckles, 263-280. Ottawa, Canada: IDRC=World Bank.
48. United Nations. 1992a. Rio Declaration forest principles A=CONF.151=26, vol. III. New York: United Nations.
49. United Nations. 1992b. Convention on biological diversity. New York: United Nations.
50. United Nations. 1998. Kyoto Protocol to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change. New York: United Nations.
51. UPM Kymmene. 2002. UPM and APRIL to agree on loan repayment terms and higher environmental standards (press release). 10 Apri. http://w3.upm-kymmene.com/upm/internet/cms/upmcms.nsf/($all)/c611738ad04b83bcc2256d3a00483a21?OpenDocument&qm=menu,0,0,9 (accessed 17 October 2008).
52. World Resources Institute. 2000. Trial by fire: Forest fires in Indonesia's era of crisis and reform. Washington, DC: World Resources Institute.
53. World Wide Fund for Nature. 2008. Deforestation, biodiversity loss and CO2 emissions in Riau, Sumatra, Indonesia. Technical report. Jakarta, Indonesia: WWF Indonesia. http://www.worldwildlife.org/who/media/press/2008/WWFBinaryitem7625.pdf (accessed 17 October 2008).