메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 115, Issue 23, 2010, Pages

Effects of continental-scale snow albedo anomalies on the wintertime Arctic oscillation

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ATMOSPHERICS; EXPERIMENTS; OCEAN CURRENTS; SOLAR RADIATION; TROPOSPHERE; UPPER ATMOSPHERE;

EID: 78649930879     PISSN: 01480227     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1029/2010JD014490     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (44)

References (65)
  • 1
    • 0033611395 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Propagation of the Arctic Oscillation from the stratosphere to the troposphere
    • Baldwin, M. P., and T. J. Dunkerton (1999), Propagation of the Arctic Oscillation from the stratosphere to the troposphere, J. Geophys. Res., 104 (D24), 30, 937-30, 946.
    • (1999) J. Geophys. Res. , vol.104 , Issue.D24 , pp. 30937-30946
    • Baldwin, M.P.1    Dunkerton, T.J.2
  • 2
    • 0035913971 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Stratospheric harbingers of anomalous weather regimes
    • Baldwin, M. P., and T. J. Dunkerton (2001), Stratospheric harbingers of anomalous weather regimes, Science, 294, 581-584.
    • (2001) Science , vol.294 , pp. 581-584
    • Baldwin, M.P.1    Dunkerton, T.J.2
  • 3
    • 0037828522 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The role of snow cover fluctuations in multiannual NAO persistence
    • doi:10.1029/2002GL015651
    • Bojariu, R., and L. Gimeno (2003), The role of snow cover fluctuations in multiannual NAO persistence, Geophys. Res. Lett., 30(4), 1156, doi:10.1029/2002GL015651.
    • (2003) Geophys. Res. Lett. , vol.30 , Issue.4 , pp. 1156
    • Bojariu, R.1    Gimeno, L.2
  • 4
    • 27744566044 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The NAO, the AO, and global warming: How closely related?
    • DOI 10.1175/JCLI3530.1
    • Cohen, J., and M. Barlow (2005), The NAO, the AO and global warming: How closely related?, J. Clim., 18, 4498-4513. (Pubitemid 41805485)
    • (2005) Journal of Climate , vol.18 , Issue.21 , pp. 4498-4513
    • Cohen, J.1    Barlow, M.2
  • 5
    • 0033082738 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Eurasian snow cover variability and Northern Hemisphere climate predictability
    • DOI 10.1029/1998GL900321
    • Cohen, J., and D. Entekhabi (1999), Eurasian snow cover variability and Northern Hemisphere climate predictability, Geophys. Res. Lett, 26(3), 345-348. (Pubitemid 29321816)
    • (1999) Geophysical Research Letters , vol.26 , Issue.3 , pp. 345-348
    • Cohen, J.1    Entekhabi, D.2
  • 6
    • 17744399025 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The role of boundary conditions in AMIP-2 simultations of the NAO
    • Cohen, J., A. Frei, and R. D. Rosen (2005), The role of boundary conditions in AMIP-2 simultations of the NAO, J. Clim., 18, 973-981.
    • (2005) J. Clim. , vol.18 , pp. 973-981
    • Cohen, J.1    Frei, A.2    Rosen, R.D.3
  • 7
    • 36348989631 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Stratospheretroposphere coupling and links with Eurasian land surface variability
    • Cohen, J., M. Barlow, P. J. Kushner, and K. Saito (2007), Stratospheretroposphere coupling and links with Eurasian land surface variability, J. Clim., 20, 5335-5343.
    • (2007) J. Clim. , vol.20 , pp. 5335-5343
    • Cohen, J.1    Barlow, M.2    Kushner, P.J.3    Saito, K.4
  • 8
    • 1842826742 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Description of the NCAR Community Atmosphere Model (CAM 3.0)
    • Natl. Cent. for Atmos. Res., Boulder, Colo
    • Collins, W. D., et al. (2004), Description of the NCAR Community Atmosphere Model (CAM 3.0), Tech. Rep. NCAR/TN-464+STR, 226 pp., Natl. Cent. for Atmos. Res., Boulder, Colo.
    • (2004) Tech. Rep. NCAR/TN-464+STR , pp. 226
    • Collins, W.D.1
  • 9
    • 0000975321 scopus 로고
    • Daily maximum and minimum temperature forecasts and the influence of snow cover
    • Dewey, K. F. (1977), Daily maximum and minimum temperature forecasts and the influence of snow cover, Mon. Weather Rev., 105, 1594-1597.
    • (1977) Mon. Weather Rev. , vol.105 , pp. 1594-1597
    • Dewey, K.F.1
  • 10
    • 0001202998 scopus 로고
    • North American influences on the circulation and climate of the North Atlantic sector
    • Dickson, R. R., and J. Namias (1976), North American influences on the circulation and climate of the North Atlantic sector, Mon. Weather Rev., 104, 1255-1265.
    • (1976) Mon. Weather Rev. , vol.104 , pp. 1255-1265
    • Dickson, R.R.1    Namias, J.2
  • 11
    • 0019093091 scopus 로고
    • Eliassen-Palm cross sections for the troposphere
    • Edmon, H. J., Jr., B. J. Hoskins, and M. E. McIntyre (1980), Eliassen-Palm cross sections for the troposphere, J. Atmos. Sci., 37, 2600-2616.
    • (1980) J. Atmos. Sci. , vol.37 , pp. 2600-2616
    • Edmon Jr., H.J.1    Hoskins, B.J.2    McIntyre, M.E.3
  • 12
    • 0036464981 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The recent trend and variance increase of the annular mode
    • Feldstein, S. B. (2002), The recent trend and variance increase of the annular mode, J. Clim., 15, 88-94.
    • (2002) J. Clim. , vol.15 , pp. 88-94
    • Feldstein, S.B.1
  • 13
    • 38549094736 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Stratospheric control of the extratropical circulation response to surface forcing
    • DOI 10.1029/2007GL031626
    • Fletcher, C. G., P. J. Kushner, and J. Cohen (2007), Stratospheric control of the extratropical circulation response to surface forcing, Geophys. Res. Lett, 34, L21802, doi:10.1029/2007GL031626. (Pubitemid 351149108)
    • (2007) Geophysical Research Letters , vol.34 , Issue.21
    • Fletcher, C.G.1    Kushner, P.J.2    Cohen, J.3
  • 14
    • 64049108978 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The dynamical response to snow cover perturbations in a large ensemble of atmospheric GCM integrations
    • Fletcher, C. G., S. C. Hardiman, P. J. Kushner, and J. Cohen (2009), The dynamical response to snow cover perturbations in a large ensemble of atmospheric GCM integrations, J. Clim., 22, 1208-1222.
    • (2009) J. Clim. , vol.22 , pp. 1208-1222
    • Fletcher, C.G.1    Hardiman, S.C.2    Kushner, P.J.3    Cohen, J.4
  • 15
    • 0942278156 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Improved simulations of snow extent in the second phase of the Atmospheric Model Intercomparison Project (AMIP-2)
    • doi:10.1029/2002JD003030
    • Frei, A., J. A. Miller, and D. A. Robinson (2003), Improved simulations of snow extent in the second phase of the Atmospheric Model Intercomparison Project (AMIP-2), J. Geophys. Res., 108 (D12), 4369, doi:10.1029/2002JD003030.
    • (2003) J. Geophys. Res. , vol.108 , Issue.D12 , pp. 4369
    • Frei, A.1    Miller, J.A.2    Robinson, D.A.3
  • 16
    • 0033153595 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The Arctic and Antarctic Oscillations and their projected changes under global warming
    • Fyfe, J. C., G. J. Boer, and G. M. Flato (1999), The Arctic and Antarctic Oscillations and their projected changes under global warming, Geophys. Res. Lett, 26(11), 1601-1604.
    • (1999) Geophys. Res. Lett. , vol.26 , Issue.11 , pp. 1601-1604
    • Fyfe, J.C.1    Boer, G.J.2    Flato, G.M.3
  • 17
    • 77954519947 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Tropospheric precursors of anomalous Northern Hemisphere stratospheric polar vortices
    • Garfinkel, C. I., and D. L. Hartmann (2010), Tropospheric precursors of anomalous Northern Hemisphere stratospheric polar vortices, J. Clim., 23, 3282-3299.
    • (2010) J. Clim. , vol.23 , pp. 3282-3299
    • Garfinkel, C.I.1    Hartmann, D.L.2
  • 18
    • 0036946376 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A large-enemble model study of the wintertime AO-NAO and the role of interannual snow perturbations
    • Gong, G., D. Entekhabi, and J. Cohen (2002), A large-enemble model study of the wintertime AO-NAO and the role of interannual snow perturbations, J. Clim., 15, 3488-3499.
    • (2002) J. Clim. , vol.15 , pp. 3488-3499
    • Gong, G.1    Entekhabi, D.2    Cohen, J.3
  • 19
    • 0345476522 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Modeled Northern Hemisphere winter climate response to realistic Siberian snow anomalies
    • Gong, G., D. Entekhabi, and J. Cohen (2003a), Modeled Northern Hemisphere winter climate response to realistic Siberian snow anomalies, J. Clim., 16, 3917-3931.
    • (2003) J. Clim. , vol.16 , pp. 3917-3931
    • Gong, G.1    Entekhabi, D.2    Cohen, J.3
  • 20
    • 0344530873 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Relative impacts of Siberian and North American snow anomalies on the winter Arctic Oscillation
    • doi:10.1029/2003GL017749
    • Gong, G., D. Entekhabi, and J. Cohen (2003b), Relative impacts of Siberian and North American snow anomalies on the winter Arctic Oscillation, Geophys. Res. Lett, 30(16), 1848, doi:10.1029/2003GL017749.
    • (2003) Geophys. Res. Lett. , vol.30 , Issue.16 , pp. 1848
    • Gong, G.1    Entekhabi, D.2    Cohen, J.3
  • 21
    • 2642547399 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Sensitivity of atmospheric response to modeled snow anomaly characteristics
    • doi:10.1029/2003JD004160
    • Gong, G., D. Entekhabi, J. Cohen, and D. Robinson (2004), Sensitivity of atmospheric response to modeled snow anomaly characteristics, J. Geophys. Res., 109, D06107, doi:10.1029/2003JD004160.
    • (2004) J. Geophys. Res. , vol.109
    • Gong, G.1    Entekhabi, D.2    Cohen, J.3    Robinson, D.4
  • 22
    • 58249085396 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Investigating the ability of general circulation models to capture the effects of Eurasian snow cover on winter climate
    • doi:10.1029/2008JD010623
    • Hardiman, S. C., P. J. Kushner, and J. Cohen (2008), Investigating the ability of general circulation models to capture the effects of Eurasian snow cover on winter climate, J. Geophys. Res., 113, D21123, doi:10.1029/ 2008JD010623.
    • (2008) J. Geophys. Res. , vol.113
    • Hardiman, S.C.1    Kushner, P.J.2    Cohen, J.3
  • 23
    • 0026295396 scopus 로고
    • On the "downward control" of extratropical diabatic circulations by eddy-induced mean zonal forces
    • Haynes, P. H., C. J. Marks, M. E. McIntyre, T. G. Shepherd, and K. P. Shine (1991), On the "downward control" of extratropical diabatic circulations by eddy-induced mean zonal forces, J. Atmos. Sci., 48, 651-678.
    • (1991) J. Atmos. Sci. , vol.48 , pp. 651-678
    • Haynes, P.H.1    Marks, C.J.2    McIntyre, M.E.3    Shepherd, T.G.4    Shine, K.P.5
  • 24
    • 0035815468 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Tropical origins for recent North Atlantic climate change
    • Hoerling, M., J. W. Hurrell, and T. Xu (2001), Tropical origins for recent North Atlantic climate change, Science, 292, 90-92.
    • (2001) Science , vol.292 , pp. 90-92
    • Hoerling, M.1    Hurrell, J.W.2    Xu, T.3
  • 25
    • 0030878288 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Decadal variations in climate associated with the North Atlantic oscillation
    • Hurrell, J. W., and H. van Loon (1997), Decadal variations in climate associated with the North Atlantic oscillation, Clim. Change, 36, 301-326.
    • (1997) Clim. Change , vol.36 , pp. 301-326
    • Hurrell, J.W.1    Van Loon, H.2
  • 26
    • 4544244563 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Twentieth century North Atlantic climate change. Part I: Assessing determinism
    • Hurrell, J. W., M. P. Hoerling, A. S. Phillips, and T. Xu (2004), Twentieth century North Atlantic climate change. Part I: Assessing determinism, Clim. Dyn., 23, 371-389.
    • (2004) Clim. Dyn. , vol.23 , pp. 371-389
    • Hurrell, J.W.1    Hoerling, M.P.2    Phillips, A.S.3    Xu, T.4
  • 27
    • 48749125657 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A teleconnection between forced Great Plains snow cover and European winter climate
    • Klingaman, N. P., B. Hanson, and D. J. Leathers (2008), A teleconnection between forced Great Plains snow cover and European winter climate, J. Clim., 21, 2466-2483.
    • (2008) J. Clim. , vol.21 , pp. 2466-2483
    • Klingaman, N.P.1    Hanson, B.2    Leathers, D.J.3
  • 28
    • 33846183775 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The physical basis for predicting Atlantic sector seasonal-to-interannual climate variability
    • Kushnir, Y., W. A. Robinson, P. Chang, and A. W. Robertson (2006), The physical basis for predicting Atlantic sector seasonal-to-interannual climate variability, J. Clim., 19, 5949-5970.
    • (2006) J. Clim. , vol.19 , pp. 5949-5970
    • Kushnir, Y.1    Robinson, W.A.2    Chang, P.3    Robertson, A.W.4
  • 29
    • 0027845830 scopus 로고
    • The association between extremes in North American snow cover extent and United States temperature
    • Leathers, D. J., and D. A. Robinson (1993), The association between extremes in North American snow cover extent and United States temperature, J. Clim., 6, 1345-1355.
    • (1993) J. Clim. , vol.6 , pp. 1345-1355
    • Leathers, D.J.1    Robinson, D.A.2
  • 30
    • 0028869199 scopus 로고
    • Characteristics of temperature depressions associated with snow cover across the northeast United States
    • Leathers, D. J., A. W. Ellis, and D. A. Robinson (1995), Characteristics of temperature depressions associated with snow cover across the northeast United States, J. Appl. Meteorol, 34, 381-390.
    • (1995) J. Appl. Meteorol. , vol.34 , pp. 381-390
    • Leathers, D.J.1    Ellis, A.W.2    Robinson, D.A.3
  • 31
    • 3843113475 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The life cycle of the Northern Hemisphere sudden stratospheric warmings
    • Limpasuvan, V., D. W. J. Thompson, and D. L. Hartmann (2004), The life cycle of the Northern Hemisphere sudden stratospheric warmings, J. Clim., 17, 2584-2596.
    • (2004) J. Clim. , vol.17 , pp. 2584-2596
    • Limpasuvan, V.1    Thompson, D.W.J.2    Hartmann, D.L.3
  • 32
    • 0019144563 scopus 로고
    • A simple approximate result for the maximum growth rate of baroclinic instabilities
    • Lindzen, R. S., and B. Farrell (1980), A simple approximate result for the maximum growth rate of baroclinic instabilities, J. Atmos. Sci., 37, 1648-1654.
    • (1980) J. Atmos. Sci. , vol.37 , pp. 1648-1654
    • Lindzen, R.S.1    Farrell, B.2
  • 33
    • 0008713688 scopus 로고
    • Climatological significance of albedo in central Canada
    • McFadden, J. D., and R. A. Ragotzkie (1967), Climatological significance of albedo in central Canada, J. Geophys. Res., 72(4), 1135-1143.
    • (1967) J. Geophys. Res. , vol.72 , Issue.4 , pp. 1135-1143
    • McFadden, J.D.1    Ragotzkie, R.A.2
  • 34
    • 0000959924 scopus 로고
    • The effect of orographically excited wave drag on the general circulation of the lower stratosphere and troposphere
    • McFarlane, N. A. (1987), The effect of orographically excited wave drag on the general circulation of the lower stratosphere and troposphere, J. Atmos. Sci., 44, 1775-1800.
    • (1987) J. Atmos. Sci. , vol.44 , pp. 1775-1800
    • McFarlane, N.A.1
  • 35
    • 38549126648 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Forced annular variations in the 20th century Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change Fourth Assessment Report models
    • doi:10.1029/2005JD006323
    • Miller, R. L., G. A. Schmidt, and D. T. Shindell (2006), Forced annular variations in the 20th century Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change Fourth Assessment Report models, J. Geophys. Res., 111, D18101, doi:10.1029/ 2005JD006323.
    • (2006) J. Geophys. Res. , vol.111
    • Miller, R.L.1    Schmidt, G.A.2    Shindell, D.T.3
  • 36
    • 12744249891 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Technical description of the Community Land Model (CLM)
    • Natl. Cent. for Atmos. Res., Boulder, Colo
    • Oleson, K. W., et al. (2004), Technical description of the Community Land Model (CLM), Tech. Rep. NCAR/TN-461+STR, 174 pp., Natl. Cent. for Atmos. Res., Boulder, Colo.
    • (2004) Tech. Rep. NCAR/TN-461+STR , pp. 174
    • Oleson, K.W.1
  • 37
    • 3142613186 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Simulating the winter North Atlantic Oscillation: The roles of internal variability and greenhouse gas forcing
    • Osborn, T. J. (2004), Simulating the winter North Atlantic Oscillation: The roles of internal variability and greenhouse gas forcing, Clim. Dyn., 22, 605-623.
    • (2004) Clim. Dyn. , vol.22 , pp. 605-623
    • Osborn, T.J.1
  • 38
    • 0022164328 scopus 로고
    • On the three-dimensional propagation of stationary waves
    • Plumb, R. A. (1985), On the three-dimensional propagation of stationary waves, J. Atmos. Sci., 42, 217-229.
    • (1985) J. Atmos. Sci. , vol.42 , pp. 217-229
    • Plumb, R.A.1
  • 39
    • 2442525622 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Upward wave activity flux as a precursor to extreme stratospheric events and subsequent anomalous surface weather regimes
    • Polvani, L. M., and D. W. Waugh (2004), Upward wave activity flux as a precursor to extreme stratospheric events and subsequent anomalous surface weather regimes, J. Clim., 17, 3548-3554.
    • (2004) J. Clim. , vol.17 , pp. 3548-3554
    • Polvani, L.M.1    Waugh, D.W.2
  • 40
    • 23244434813 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • AO/NAO response to climate change: 2. Relative importance of low- and high-latitude temperature changes
    • DOI 10.1029/2004JD005686, D12108
    • Rind, D., J. Perlwitz, P. Lonergan, and J. Lerner (2005a), AO/NAO response to climate change: 2. Relative importance of low-and highlatitude temperature change, J. Geophys. Res., 110, D12108, doi:10.1029/2004JD005686. (Pubitemid 41094027)
    • (2005) Journal of Geophysical Research D: Atmospheres , vol.110 , Issue.12 , pp. 1-13
    • Rind, D.1    Perlwitz, J.2    Lonergan, P.3    Lerner, J.4
  • 41
    • 23244442668 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • AO/NAO response to climate change: 1. Respective influences of stratospheric and tropospheric climate changes
    • DOI 10.1029/2004JD005103, D12107
    • Rind, D., J. Perlwitz, and P. Lonergan (2005b), AO/NAO response to climate change: 1. Respective influences of stratospheric and tropospheric climate changes, J. Geophys. Res., 110, D12107, doi:10.1029/2004JD005103. (Pubitemid 41094026)
    • (2005) Journal of Geophysical Research D: Atmospheres , vol.110 , Issue.12 , pp. 1-15
    • Rind, D.1    Perlwitz, J.2    Lonergan, P.3
  • 42
    • 0033133462 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Understanding the seasonality of orographically forced waves: Interaction between mechanical and thermal forcing
    • Ringler, T. D., and K. H. Cook (1999), Understanding the seasonality of orographically forced waves: Interaction between mechanical and thermal forcing, J. Atmos. Sci., 56, 1154-1174.
    • (1999) J. Atmos. Sci. , vol.56 , pp. 1154-1174
    • Ringler, T.D.1    Cook, K.H.2
  • 43
    • 0035428721 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Influence of ocean-atmosphere interaction on the Arctic Oscillation in two general circulation models
    • Robertson, A. W. (2001), Influence of ocean-atmosphere interaction on the Arctic Oscillation in two general circulation models, J. Clim., 14, 3240-3254.
    • (2001) J. Clim. , vol.14 , pp. 3240-3254
    • Robertson, A.W.1
  • 44
    • 0034112366 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The influence of Atlantic sea surface temperature anomalies on the North Atlantic Oscillation
    • Robertson, A. W., C. R. Mechoso, and Y.-J. Kim (2000), The influence of Atlantic sea surface temperature anomalies on the North Atlantic Oscillation, J. Clim., 13, 122-138.
    • (2000) J. Clim. , vol.13 , pp. 122-138
    • Robertson, A.W.1    Mechoso, C.R.2    Kim, Y.-J.3
  • 45
    • 0033602372 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Oceanic forcing of the wintertime North Atlantic Oscillation and European climate
    • Rodwell, M. J., D. P. Rowell, and C. K. Folland (1999), Oceanic forcing of the wintertime North Atlantic Oscillation and European climate, Nature, 398, 320-323.
    • (1999) Nature , vol.398 , pp. 320-323
    • Rodwell, M.J.1    Rowell, D.P.2    Folland, C.K.3
  • 46
    • 33845952635 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Evaluation of surface albedo and snow cover in AR4 coupled climate models
    • DOI 10.1029/2005JD006473
    • Roesch, A. (2006), Evaluation of surface albedo and snow cover in AR4 coupled climate models, J. Geophys. Res., 111, D15111, doi:10.1029/2005JD006473. (Pubitemid 46028987)
    • (2006) Journal of Geophysical Research D: Atmospheres , vol.111 , Issue.15
    • Roesch, A.1
  • 47
    • 20244377641 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The potential role of snow cover in forcing interannual variability of the major Northern Hemisphere mode
    • doi:10.1029/2002GL016341
    • Saito, K., and J. Cohen (2003), The potential role of snow cover in forcing interannual variability of the major Northern Hemisphere mode, Geophys. Res. Lett., 30(6), 1302, doi:10.1029/2002GL016341.
    • (2003) Geophys. Res. Lett. , vol.30 , Issue.6 , pp. 1302
    • Saito, K.1    Cohen, J.2
  • 48
    • 0035505793 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Evolution of atmospheric response to early-season Eurasian snow cover anomalies
    • Saito, K., J. Cohen, and D. Entekhabi (2001), Evolution of atmospheric response to early-season Eurasian snow cover anomalies, Mon. Weather Rev., 129, 2746-2760.
    • (2001) Mon. Weather Rev. , vol.129 , pp. 2746-2760
    • Saito, K.1    Cohen, J.2    Entekhabi, D.3
  • 49
    • 13244252265 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Tropical origins for recent and future Northern Hemisphere climate change
    • DOI 10.1029/2004GL020739, 1-4
    • Selten, F. M., G. W. Branstator, H. A. Dijkstra, and M. Kliphuis (2004), Tropical origins for recent and future Northern Hemisphere climate change, Geophys. Res. Lett., 31, L21205, doi:10.1029/2004GL020739. (Pubitemid 40190943)
    • (2004) Geophysical Research Letters , vol.31 , Issue.21
    • Selten, F.M.1    Branstator, G.W.2    Dijkstra, H.A.3    Kliphuis, M.4
  • 50
    • 64049090756 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Sensitivity of simulated climate to conservation of momentum in gravity wave drag parameterization
    • Shaw, T. A., M. Sigmond, T. G. Shepherd, and J. F. Scinocca (2009), Sensitivity of simulated climate to conservation of momentum in gravity wave drag parameterization, J. Clim., 22, 2726-2742.
    • (2009) J. Clim. , vol.22 , pp. 2726-2742
    • Shaw, T.A.1    Sigmond, M.2    Shepherd, T.G.3    Scinocca, J.F.4
  • 51
    • 0033519653 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Simulation of recent northern winter climate trends by greenhouse-gas forcing
    • Shindell, D. T., R. L. Miller, G. A. Schmidt, and L. Pandolfo (1999), Simulation of recent northern winter climate trends by greenhouse-gas forcing, Nature, 399, 452-455.
    • (1999) Nature , vol.399 , pp. 452-455
    • Shindell, D.T.1    Miller, R.L.2    Schmidt, G.A.3    Pandolfo, L.4
  • 52
    • 50849125764 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Impact of the stratosphere on tropospheric climate change
    • doi:10.1029/2008GL033573
    • Sigmond, M., J. F. Scinocca, and P. J. Kushner (2008), Impact of the stratosphere on tropospheric climate change, Geophys. Res. Lett., 35, L12706, doi:10.1029/2008GL033573.
    • (2008) Geophys. Res. Lett. , vol.35
    • Sigmond, M.1    Scinocca, J.F.2    Kushner, P.J.3
  • 53
    • 78649919506 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The role of linear interference in the Annular Mode response to extratropical surface forcing
    • doi:10.1175/2010JCLI3606.1, in press
    • Smith, K. L., C. G. Fletcher, and P. J. Kushner (2010), The role of linear interference in the Annular Mode response to extratropical surface forcing, J. Clim., doi:10.1175/2010JCLI3606.1, in press.
    • (2010) J. Clim.
    • Smith, K.L.1    Fletcher, C.G.2    Kushner, P.J.3
  • 54
    • 35948950590 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Northern Hemisphere winter climate variability: Response to North American snow cover anomalies and orography
    • DOI 10.1029/2007GL030573
    • Sobolowski, S., G. Gong, and M. Ting (2007), Northern Hemisphere winter climate variability: Response to North American snow cover anomalies and orography, Geophys. Res. Lett., 34, L16825, doi:10.1029/2007GL030573. (Pubitemid 350065377)
    • (2007) Geophysical Research Letters , vol.34 , Issue.16
    • Sobolowski, S.1    Gong, G.2    Ting, M.3
  • 55
    • 77952256327 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Modeled climate state and dynamic responses to anomalous North American snow cover
    • Sobolowski, S., G. Gong, and M. Ting (2010), Modeled climate state and dynamic responses to anomalous North American snow cover, J. Clim., 23, 785-799.
    • (2010) J. Clim. , vol.23 , pp. 785-799
    • Sobolowski, S.1    Gong, G.2    Ting, M.3
  • 56
    • 36448993338 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Arctic Oscillation response to the 1991 Mount Pinatubo eruption: Effects of volcanic aerosols and ozone depletion
    • doi:10.1029/2002JD002090
    • Stenchikov, G., A. Robock, V. Ramaswamy, M. D. Schwarzkopf, K. Hamilton, and S. Ramachandran (2002), Arctic Oscillation response to the 1991 Mount Pinatubo eruption: Effects of volcanic aerosols and ozone depletion, J. Geophys. Res., 107 (D24), 4803, doi:10.1029/2002JD002090.
    • (2002) J. Geophys. Res. , vol.107 , Issue.D24 , pp. 4803
    • Stenchikov, G.1    Robock, A.2    Ramaswamy, V.3    Schwarzkopf, M.D.4    Hamilton, K.5    Ramachandran, S.6
  • 58
    • 0032076790 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The Arctic Oscillation signature in the wintertime geopotential height and temperature fields
    • Thompson, D. W. J., and J. M. Wallace (1998), The Arctic Oscillation signature in the wintertime geopotential height and temperature fields, Geophys. Res. Lett., 25(9), 1297-1300.
    • (1998) Geophys. Res. Lett. , vol.25 , Issue.9 , pp. 1297-1300
    • Thompson, D.W.J.1    Wallace, J.M.2
  • 59
    • 0033876462 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Annular modes in the extratropical circulation. Part I: Month to month variability
    • Thompson, D. W. J., and J. M. Wallace (2000), Annular modes in the extratropical circulation. Part I: Month to month variability, J. Clim., 13, 1000-1016.
    • (2000) J. Clim. , vol.13 , pp. 1000-1016
    • Thompson, D.W.J.1    Wallace, J.M.2
  • 60
    • 6644227489 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Regional climate impacts of the Northern Hemisphere annular mode
    • Thompson, D. W. J., and J. M. Wallace (2001), Regional climate impacts of the Northern Hemisphere annular mode, Science, 293, 85-89.
    • (2001) Science , vol.293 , pp. 85-89
    • Thompson, D.W.J.1    Wallace, J.M.2
  • 61
    • 0033924559 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Annular modes in the extratropical circulation. Part II: Trends
    • Thompson, D. W. J., J. M. Wallace, and G. C. Hegerl (2000), Annular modes in the extratropical circulation. Part II: Trends, J. Clim., 13, 1018-1036.
    • (2000) J. Clim. , vol.13 , pp. 1018-1036
    • Thompson, D.W.J.1    Wallace, J.M.2    Hegerl, G.C.3
  • 62
    • 0026278746 scopus 로고
    • Storm tracks in the Southern Hemisphere
    • Trenberth, K. E. (1991), Storm tracks in the Southern Hemisphere, J. Atmos. Sci., 48, 2159-2178.
    • (1991) J. Atmos. Sci. , vol.48 , pp. 2159-2178
    • Trenberth, K.E.1
  • 63
    • 0000758410 scopus 로고
    • The influence of average snow depth on monthly mean temperature anomaly
    • Wagner, A. J. (1973), The influence of average snow depth on monthly mean temperature anomaly, Mon. Weather Rev., 101, 624-626.
    • (1973) Mon. Weather Rev. , vol.101 , pp. 624-626
    • Wagner, A.J.1
  • 64
    • 0019704889 scopus 로고
    • Teleconnections in the geopotential height field during the Northern Hemisphere winter
    • Wallace, J. M., and D. S. Gutzler (1981), Teleconnections in the geopotential height field during the Northern Hemisphere winter, Mon. Weather Rev., 109, 784-812.
    • (1981) Mon. Weather Rev. , vol.109 , pp. 784-812
    • Wallace, J.M.1    Gutzler, D.S.2
  • 65
    • 0030427298 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Sub-grid scale topography and the simulation of Northern Hemisphere snow cover
    • Walland, D. J., and I. Simmonds (1996), Sub-grid scale topography and the simulation of Northern Hemisphere snow cover, Int. J. Climatol., 16, 961-982.
    • (1996) Int. J. Climatol. , vol.16 , pp. 961-982
    • Walland, D.J.1    Simmonds, I.2


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.