메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 27, Issue 23, 2010, Pages

Gravitational lensing

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords


EID: 78649877309     PISSN: 02649381     EISSN: 13616382     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1088/0264-9381/27/23/233001     Document Type: Review
Times cited : (497)

References (518)
  • 1
    • 0034633466 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The MACHO project: Microlensing results from 5.7 years of large magellanic cloud observations
    • Alcock C et al 2000 The MACHO project: microlensing results from 5.7 years of large magellanic cloud observations Astrophys. J. 542 281-307
    • (2000) Astrophys. J. , vol.542 , pp. 281-307
    • Alcock, C.1
  • 2
    • 1842687786 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Resolving the discrepancy between X-ray and gravitational lensing mass measurements for clusters of galaxies
    • Allen S W 1998 Resolving the discrepancy between X-ray and gravitational lensing mass measurements for clusters of galaxies Mon. Not. R. Astron. Soc. 296 392-406
    • (1998) Mon. Not. R. Astron. Soc. , vol.296 , pp. 392-406
    • Allen, S.W.1
  • 5
    • 0011217401 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Chandra observations of the lensing clusterEMSS1358+6245: Implications for self-interacting dark matter
    • Arabadjis J S,BautzMWandGarmireGP 2002 Chandra observations of the lensing clusterEMSS1358+6245: implications for self-interacting dark matter Astrophys. J. 572 66-78
    • (2002) Astrophys. J. , vol.572 , pp. 66-78
    • Arabadjis, J.S.1    Bautz, M.W.2    Garmire, G.P.3
  • 8
    • 40349097403 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The environments of SLACS gravitational lenses
    • Auger M W 2008 The environments of SLACS gravitational lenses Mon. Not. R. Astron. Soc. 383 L40-4
    • (2008) Mon. Not. R. Astron. Soc. , vol.383
    • Auger, M.W.1
  • 11
    • 0042259190 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Detection of weak gravitational lensing by large-scale structure
    • Bacon D J, Refregier A R and Ellis R S 2000 Detection of weak gravitational lensing by large-scale structure Mon. Not. R. Astron. Soc. 318 625-40
    • (2000) Mon. Not. R. Astron. Soc. , vol.318 , pp. 625-640
    • Bacon, D.J.1    Refregier, A.R.2    Ellis, R.S.3
  • 12
    • 0142198874 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Shear and magnification angular power spectra and higher-order moments from weak gravitational lensing
    • Barber A J and Taylor A N 2003 Shear and magnification angular power spectra and higher-order moments from weak gravitational lensing Mon. Not. R. Astron. Soc. 344 789-97
    • (2003) Mon. Not. R. Astron. Soc. , vol.344 , pp. 789-797
    • Barber, A.J.1    Taylor, A.N.2
  • 13
    • 0041049339 scopus 로고
    • Arc statistics with realistic cluster potentials: III. A systematic effect on cluster mass estimates
    • Bartelmann M 1995 Arc statistics with realistic cluster potentials: III. A systematic effect on cluster mass estimates Astron. Astrophys. 299 11-16
    • (1995) Astron. Astrophys. , vol.299 , pp. 11-16
    • Bartelmann, M.1
  • 14
    • 0001355954 scopus 로고
    • Cosmological parameters from angular correlations between QSOs and galaxies
    • Bartelmann M 1995 Cosmological parameters from angular correlations between QSOs and galaxies Astron. Astrophys. 298 661-71
    • (1995) Astron. Astrophys. , vol.298 , pp. 661-671
    • Bartelmann, M.1
  • 15
    • 0000916097 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Arcs from a universal dark-matter halo profile
    • Bartelmann M 1996 Arcs from a universal dark-matter halo profile Astron. Astrophys. 313 697-702
    • (1996) Astron. Astrophys. , vol.313 , pp. 697-702
    • Bartelmann, M.1
  • 16
    • 77649098163 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The dark universe
    • Bartelmann M 2010 The dark universe Rev. Mod. Phys. 82 331-82
    • (2010) Rev. Mod. Phys. , vol.82 , pp. 331-382
    • Bartelmann, M.1
  • 17
    • 0002437984 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Arc statistics with realistic cluster potentials: IV. Clusters in different cosmologies
    • Bartelmann M, Huss A, Colberg J M, Jenkins A and Pearce F R 1998 Arc statistics with realistic cluster potentials: IV. Clusters in different cosmologies Astron. Astrophys. 330 1-9
    • (1998) Astron. Astrophys. , vol.330 , pp. 1-9
    • Bartelmann, M.1    Huss, A.2    Colberg, J.M.3    Jenkins, A.4    Pearce, F.R.5
  • 22
    • 0036899195 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Halo concentrations and weak-lensing number counts in dark energy cosmologies
    • Bartelmann M, Perrotta F and Baccigalupi C 2002 Halo concentrations and weak-lensing number counts in dark energy cosmologies Astron. Astrophys. 396 21-30
    • (2002) Astron. Astrophys. , vol.396 , pp. 21-30
    • Bartelmann, M.1    Perrotta, F.2    Baccigalupi, C.3
  • 23
    • 0000103871 scopus 로고
    • A large-scale structure model for gravitational lensing
    • BartelmannMand Schneider P 1992 A large-scale structure model for gravitational lensing Astron. Astrophys. 259 413-22
    • (1992) Astron. Astrophys. , vol.259 , pp. 413-422
    • Bartelmann, M.1    Schneider, P.2
  • 24
    • 4244108406 scopus 로고
    • Large-scale correlations between QSOs and galaxies - An effect caused by gravitational lensing?
    • Bartelmann M and Schneider P 1993 Large-scale correlations between QSOs and galaxies - an effect caused by gravitational lensing? Astron. Astrophys. 268 1-13
    • (1993) Astron. Astrophys. , vol.268 , pp. 1-13
    • Bartelmann, M.1    Schneider, P.2
  • 25
    • 0000733096 scopus 로고
    • Large-scale QSO - Galaxy correlations revisited
    • Bartelmann M and Schneider P 1993 Large-scale QSO - galaxy correlations revisited Astron. Astrophys. 271 421
    • (1993) Astron. Astrophys. , vol.271 , pp. 421
    • Bartelmann, M.1    Schneider, P.2
  • 26
    • 3743139646 scopus 로고
    • Large-scale correlations between QSOs and IRAS galaxies
    • Bartelmann M and Schneider P 1994 Large-scale correlations between QSOs and IRAS galaxies Astron. Astrophys. 284 1-11
    • (1994) Astron. Astrophys. , vol.284 , pp. 1-11
    • Bartelmann, M.1    Schneider, P.2
  • 27
    • 0035219201 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Weak gravitational lensing
    • Bartelmann M and Schneider P 2001 Weak gravitational lensing Phys. Rep. 340 291-472
    • (2001) Phys. Rep. , vol.340 , pp. 291-472
    • Bartelmann, M.1    Schneider, P.2
  • 28
    • 0000844061 scopus 로고
    • Diffuse X-ray emission around high-redshift, radio-loud QSOs
    • Bartelmann M, Schneider P and Hasinger G 1994 Diffuse X-ray emission around high-redshift, radio-loud QSOs Astron. Astrophys. 290 399-411
    • (1994) Astron. Astrophys. , vol.290 , pp. 399-411
    • Bartelmann, M.1    Schneider, P.2    Hasinger, G.3
  • 29
    • 0000875906 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A comparison of X-ray and strong lensing properties of simulated X-ray clusters
    • BartelmannMand SteinmetzM1996 A comparison of X-ray and strong lensing properties of simulated X-ray clusters Mon. Not. R. Astron. Soc. 283 431-46
    • (1996) Mon. Not. R. Astron. Soc. , vol.283 , pp. 431-446
    • Bartelmann, M.1    Steinmetz, M.2
  • 30
    • 3342932791 scopus 로고
    • Arc statistics with realistic cluster potentials: II. Influence of cluster asymmetry and substructure
    • Bartelmann M, Steinmetz M and Weiss A 1995 Arc statistics with realistic cluster potentials: II. Influence of cluster asymmetry and substructure Astron. Astrophys. 297 1-12
    • (1995) Astron. Astrophys. , vol.297 , pp. 1-12
    • Bartelmann, M.1    Steinmetz, M.2    Weiss, A.3
  • 31
    • 0009050144 scopus 로고
    • Arc statistics with realistic cluster potentials: I. Method and first results
    • Bartelmann M and Weiss A 1994 Arc statistics with realistic cluster potentials: I. Method and first results Astron. Astrophys. 287 1-14
    • (1994) Astron. Astrophys. , vol.287 , pp. 1-14
    • Bartelmann, M.1    Weiss, A.2
  • 32
    • 0007331022 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Reanalysis of the association of high-redshift 1-Jansky quasars with IRAS galaxies
    • Bartsch A, Schneider P and BartelmannM1997 Reanalysis of the association of high-redshift 1-Jansky quasars with IRAS galaxies Astron. Astrophys. 319 375-93
    • (1997) Astron. Astrophys. , vol.319 , pp. 375-393
    • Bartsch, A.1    Schneider, P.2    Bartelmann, M.3
  • 33
    • 31444432828 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Discovery of a cool planet of 5.5 Earth masses through gravitational microlensing
    • Beaulieu J-P et al 2006 Discovery of a cool planet of 5.5 Earth masses through gravitational microlensing Nature 439 437-40
    • (2006) Nature , vol.439 , pp. 437-440
    • Beaulieu, J.-P.1
  • 34
    • 19944432168 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Constraining dark energy evolution with gravitational lensing by large scale structures
    • Benabed K and van Waerbeke L 2004 Constraining dark energy evolution with gravitational lensing by large scale structures Phys. Rev. D 70 123515
    • (2004) Phys. Rev. D , vol.70 , pp. 123515
    • Benabed, K.1    Van Waerbeke, L.2
  • 38
    • 0010127736 scopus 로고
    • Gravitational lens models of arcs in clusters
    • Bergmann A G, Petrosian V and Lynds R 1990 Gravitational lens models of arcs in clusters Astrophys. J. 350 23-35
    • (1990) Astrophys. J. , vol.350 , pp. 23-35
    • Bergmann, A.G.1    Petrosian, V.2    Lynds, R.3
  • 39
    • 0002012722 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Weak lensing detection in CMB maps
    • Bernardeau F 1997 Weak lensing detection in CMB maps Astron. Astrophys. 324 15-26
    • (1997) Astron. Astrophys. , vol.324 , pp. 15-26
    • Bernardeau, F.1
  • 40
    • 0000753796 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Lens distortion effects on CMB maps
    • Bernardeau F 1998 Lens distortion effects on CMB maps Astron. Astrophys. 338 767-76
    • (1998) Astron. Astrophys. , vol.338 , pp. 767-776
    • Bernardeau, F.1
  • 42
    • 0036305962 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Detection of non-Gaussian signatures in the VIRMOSDESCART lensing survey
    • Bernardeau F, Mellier Y and van Waerbeke L 2002 Detection of non-Gaussian signatures in the VIRMOSDESCART lensing survey Astron. Astrophys. 389 L28-32
    • (2002) Astron. Astrophys. , vol.389
    • Bernardeau, F.1    Mellier, Y.2    Van Waerbeke, L.3
  • 44
    • 33750415877 scopus 로고
    • A test for transverse motions of clusters of galaxies
    • Birkinshaw M and Gull S F 1983 A test for transverse motions of clusters of galaxies Nature 302 315-7
    • (1983) Nature , vol.302 , pp. 315-317
    • Birkinshaw, M.1    Gull, S.F.2
  • 46
    • 33644750442 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The Sloan Lens ACS Survey. I. A large spectroscopically selected sample of massive early-type lens galaxies
    • 2 I DOI 10.1086/498884
    • Bolton A S, Burles S, Koopmans L V E, Treu T and Moustakas L A 2006 The Sloan Lens ACS Survey: I. A large spectroscopically selected sample of massive early-type lens galaxies Astrophys. J. 638 703-24 (Pubitemid 43342449)
    • (2006) Astrophysical Journal , vol.638 , pp. 703-724
    • Bolton, A.S.1    Burles, S.2    Koopmans, L.V.E.3    Treu, T.4    Moustakas, L.A.5
  • 47
    • 2442478396 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • OGLE 2003-BLG-235/MOA 2003-BLG-53: A planetary microlensing event
    • Bond I A et al 2004 OGLE 2003-BLG-235/MOA 2003-BLG-53: a planetary microlensing event Astrophys. J. Lett. 606 L155-8
    • (2004) Astrophys. J. Lett. , vol.606
    • Bond, I.A.1
  • 53
    • 48249093143 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Dark matter and baryons in the X-ray luminous merging galaxy cluster RX J1347.5-1145
    • BradačM et al 2008 Dark matter and baryons in the X-ray luminous merging galaxy cluster RX J1347.5-1145 Astrophys. J. 681 187-96
    • (2008) Astrophys. J. , vol.681 , pp. 187-196
    • Bradačm1
  • 56
    • 77955010061 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Results of the GREAT08 challenge: An image analysis competition for cosmological lensing
    • Bridle S et al 2010 Results of the GREAT08 challenge: an image analysis competition for cosmological lensing Mon. Not. R. Astron. Soc. 405 2044-61
    • (2010) Mon. Not. R. Astron. Soc. , vol.405 , pp. 2044-2061
    • Bridle, S.1
  • 57
    • 40549101336 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Dark energy constraints from cosmic shear power spectra: Impact of intrinsic alignments on photometric redshift requirements
    • Bridle S and King L 2007 Dark energy constraints from cosmic shear power spectra: impact of intrinsic alignments on photometric redshift requirements New J. Phys. 9 444
    • (2007) New J. Phys. , vol.9 , pp. 444
    • Bridle, S.1    King, L.2
  • 58
    • 20244386704 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Strong-lensing analysis of A1689 from deep advanced camera images
    • Broadhurst T et al 2005 Strong-lensing analysis of A1689 from deep advanced camera images Astrophys. J. 621 53-88
    • (2005) Astrophys. J. , vol.621 , pp. 53-88
    • Broadhurst, T.1
  • 63
    • 33846388166 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The CFHTLS strong lensing legacy survey: I. Survey overview and T0002 release sample
    • Cabanac R A et al 2007 The CFHTLS strong lensing legacy survey: I. Survey overview and T0002 release sample Astron. Astrophys. 461 813-21
    • (2007) Astron. Astrophys. , vol.461 , pp. 813-821
    • Cabanac, R.A.1
  • 65
    • 62549124099 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Galaxy clustering and galaxy-galaxy lensing: A promising union to constrain cosmological parameters
    • Cacciato M, van den Bosch F C, More S, Li R, Mo H J and Yang X 2009 Galaxy clustering and galaxy-galaxy lensing: a promising union to constrain cosmological parameters Mon. Not. R. Astron. Soc. 394 929-46
    • (2009) Mon. Not. R. Astron. Soc. , vol.394 , pp. 929-946
    • Cacciato, M.1    Van Den Bosch, F.C.2    More, S.3    Li, R.4    Mo, H.J.5    Yang, X.6
  • 66
    • 28144463574 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • POINT-AGAPE pixel lensing survey ofM31. Evidence for a MACHO contribution to galactic halos
    • Calchi Novati S et al 2005 POINT-AGAPE pixel lensing survey ofM31. Evidence for a MACHO contribution to galactic halos Astron. Astrophys. 443 911-28
    • (2005) Astron. Astrophys. , vol.443 , pp. 911-928
    • Calchi Novati, S.1
  • 71
    • 12044253279 scopus 로고
    • Does a cosmological constant increase the effect of gravitational lensing on the cosmic microwave background?
    • Cayon L, Martinez-Gonzalez E and Sanz J L 1993 Does a cosmological constant increase the effect of gravitational lensing on the cosmic microwave background? Astrophys. J. 413 10-13
    • (1993) Astrophys. J. , vol.413 , pp. 10-13
    • Cayon, L.1    Martinez-Gonzalez, E.2    Sanz, J.L.3
  • 72
    • 12044258862 scopus 로고
    • Gravitational lensing and the cosmic microwave background
    • Cayon L, Martinez-Gonzalez E and Sanz J L 1993 Gravitational lensing and the cosmic microwave background Astrophys. J. 403 471-5
    • (1993) Astrophys. J. , vol.403 , pp. 471-475
    • Cayon, L.1    Martinez-Gonzalez, E.2    Sanz, J.L.3
  • 73
    • 0038593391 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Constraints on cosmological parameters from the analysis of the cosmic lens all sky survey radio-selected gravitational lens statistics
    • Chae K-H et al 2002 Constraints on cosmological parameters from the analysis of the cosmic lens all sky survey radio-selected gravitational lens statistics Phys. Rev. Lett. 89 151301
    • (2002) Phys. Rev. Lett. , vol.89 , pp. 151301
    • Chae, K.-H.1
  • 74
    • 0037116155 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Geometry of weak lensing of CMB polarization
    • Challinor A and Chon G 2002 Geometry of weak lensing of CMB polarization Phys. Rev. D 66 127301
    • (2002) Phys. Rev. D , vol.66 , pp. 127301
    • Challinor, A.1    Chon, G.2
  • 75
    • 33749158584 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Lensed CMB power spectra from all-sky correlation functions
    • Challinor A and Lewis A 2005 Lensed CMB power spectra from all-sky correlation functions Phys. Rev. D 71 103010
    • (2005) Phys. Rev. D , vol.71 , pp. 103010
    • Challinor, A.1    Lewis, A.2
  • 76
    • 13944270332 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Weak lensing by large-scale structure with the FIRST radio survey
    • Chang T, Refregier A and Helfand D J 2004Weak lensing by large-scale structure with the FIRST radio survey Astrophys. J. 617 794-810
    • (2004) Astrophys. J. , vol.617 , pp. 794-810
    • Chang, T.1    Refregier, A.2    Helfand, D.J.3
  • 77
    • 0042334540 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Lensing optical depths for substructure and isolated dark matter halos
    • Chen J, Kravtsov A V and Keeton C R 2003 Lensing optical depths for substructure and isolated dark matter halos Astrophys. J. 592 24-31
    • (2003) Astrophys. J. , vol.592 , pp. 24-31
    • Chen, J.1    Kravtsov, A.V.2    Keeton, C.R.3
  • 78
    • 0011118233 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Probing dark matter substructure in lens galaxies
    • Chiba M 2002 Probing dark matter substructure in lens galaxies Astrophys. J. 565 17-23
    • (2002) Astrophys. J. , vol.565 , pp. 17-23
    • Chiba, M.1
  • 79
    • 0032668073 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • New limits on a cosmological constant from statistics of gravitational lensing
    • Chiba M and Yoshii Y 1999 New limits on a cosmological constant from statistics of gravitational lensing Astrophys. J. 510 42-53
    • (1999) Astrophys. J. , vol.510 , pp. 42-53
    • Chiba, M.1    Yoshii, Y.2
  • 81
    • 2642582241 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of asphericity and substructure on the determination of cluster mass with weak gravitational lensing
    • Clowe D, De Lucia G and King L 2004 Effects of asphericity and substructure on the determination of cluster mass with weak gravitational lensing Mon. Not. R. Astron. Soc. 350 1038-48
    • (2004) Mon. Not. R. Astron. Soc. , vol.350 , pp. 1038-1048
    • Clowe, D.1    De Lucia, G.2    King, L.3
  • 82
    • 2442429750 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Weak-lensing mass reconstruction of the interacting cluster 1E 0657-558: Direct evidence for the existence of dark matter
    • Clowe D, Gonzalez A and Markevitch M 2004Weak-lensing mass reconstruction of the interacting cluster 1E 0657-558: direct evidence for the existence of dark matter Astrophys. J. 604 596-603
    • (2004) Astrophys. J. , vol.604 , pp. 596-603
    • Clowe, D.1    Gonzalez, A.2    Markevitch, M.3
  • 83
    • 0034691983 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Weak lensing by high-redshift clusters of galaxies: I. Cluster mass reconstruction
    • Clowe D, Luppino G A, Kaiser N and Gioia I M 2000 Weak lensing by high-redshift clusters of galaxies: I. Cluster mass reconstruction Astrophys. J. 539 540-60
    • (2000) Astrophys. J. , vol.539 , pp. 540-560
    • Clowe, D.1    Luppino, G.A.2    Kaiser, N.3    Gioia, I.M.4
  • 85
    • 0035507892 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Wide field weak lensing observations of A1689
    • Clowe D and Schneider P 2001 Wide field weak lensing observations of A1689 Astron. Astrophys. 379 384-92
    • (2001) Astron. Astrophys. , vol.379 , pp. 384-392
    • Clowe, D.1    Schneider, P.2
  • 86
    • 0036854380 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Wide field weak lensing observations of A1835 and A2204
    • Clowe D and Schneider P 2002 Wide field weak lensing observations of A1835 and A2204 Astron. Astrophys. 395 385-97
    • (2002) Astron. Astrophys. , vol.395 , pp. 385-397
    • Clowe, D.1    Schneider, P.2
  • 87
    • 3142761005 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The effects of massive substructures on image multiplicities in gravitational lenses
    • Cohn J D and Kochanek C S 2004 The effects of massive substructures on image multiplicities in gravitational lenses Astrophys. J. 608 25-35
    • (2004) Astrophys. J. , vol.608 , pp. 25-35
    • Cohn, J.D.1    Kochanek, C.S.2
  • 88
    • 34547167382 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The observed concentration-mass relation for galaxy clusters
    • Comerford J M and Natarajan P 2007 The observed concentration-mass relation for galaxy clusters Mon. Not. R. Astron. Soc. 379 190-200
    • (2007) Mon. Not. R. Astron. Soc. , vol.379 , pp. 190-200
    • Comerford, J.M.1    Natarajan, P.2
  • 89
    • 0038792214 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Joint cosmic microwave background and weak lensing analysis: Constraints on cosmological parameters
    • Contaldi C R, Hoekstra H and Lewis A 2003 Joint cosmic microwave background and weak lensing analysis: constraints on cosmological parameters Phys. Rev. Lett. 90 221303
    • (2003) Phys. Rev. Lett. , vol.90 , pp. 221303
    • Contaldi, C.R.1    Hoekstra, H.2    Lewis, A.3
  • 90
    • 0001895273 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Power spectrum covariance of weak gravitational lensing
    • Cooray A and Hu W 2001 Power spectrum covariance of weak gravitational lensing Astrophys. J. 554 56-66
    • (2001) Astrophys. J. , vol.554 , pp. 56-66
    • Cooray, A.1    Hu, W.2
  • 91
    • 0000978368 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cosmology with galaxy clusters: III. Gravitationally lensed arc statistics as a cosmological probe
    • Cooray A R 1999 Cosmology with galaxy clusters: III. Gravitationally lensed arc statistics as a cosmological probe Astron. Astrophys. 341 653-61
    • (1999) Astron. Astrophys. , vol.341 , pp. 653-661
    • Cooray, A.R.1
  • 92
    • 0035486211 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Spin-induced galaxy alignments and their implications for weak-lensing measurements
    • Crittenden R G, Natarajan P, Pen U and Theuns T 2001 Spin-induced galaxy alignments and their implications for weak-lensing measurements Astrophys. J. 559 552-71
    • (2001) Astrophys. J. , vol.559 , pp. 552-571
    • Crittenden, R.G.1    Natarajan, P.2    Pen, U.3    Theuns, T.4
  • 93
    • 0034695005 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Weak-lensing surveys and the intrinsic correlation of galaxy ellipticities
    • Croft R A C and Metzler C A 2000 Weak-lensing surveys and the intrinsic correlation of galaxy ellipticities Astrophys. J. 545 561-71
    • (2000) Astrophys. J. , vol.545 , pp. 561-571
    • Croft, R.A.C.1    Metzler, C.A.2
  • 94
    • 0035541016 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • QSO-galaxy correlations: Lensing or dust?
    • Croom S M 2001 QSO-galaxy correlations: lensing or dust? Publ. Astron. Soc. Aust. 18 169-71
    • (2001) Publ. Astron. Soc. Aust. , vol.18 , pp. 169-171
    • Croom, S.M.1
  • 96
    • 0012742783 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Weak gravitational lensing by a sample of X-ray luminous clusters of galaxies: I. the data set
    • Dahle H, Kaiser N, Irgens R J, Lilje P B and Maddox S J 2002 Weak gravitational lensing by a sample of X-ray luminous clusters of galaxies: I. The data set Astrophys. J. Suppl. 139 313-68
    • (2002) Astrophys. J. Suppl. , vol.139 , pp. 313-368
    • Dahle, H.1    Kaiser, N.2    Irgens, R.J.3    Lilje, P.B.4    Maddox, S.J.5
  • 97
    • 0141614881 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Weak gravitational lensing by a sample of X-ray-luminous clusters of galaxies: III. Serendipitous weak lensing detections of dark and luminous mass concentrations
    • Dahle H, Pedersen K, Lilje P B, Maddox S J and Kaiser N 2003 Weak gravitational lensing by a sample of X-ray-luminous clusters of galaxies: III. Serendipitous weak lensing detections of dark and luminous mass concentrations Astrophys. J. 591 662-76
    • (2003) Astrophys. J. , vol.591 , pp. 662-676
    • Dahle, H.1    Pedersen, K.2    Lilje, P.B.3    Maddox, S.J.4    Kaiser, N.5
  • 98
    • 3843087252 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Statistics of giant arcs in galaxy clusters
    • Dalal N, Holder G and Hennawi J F 2004 Statistics of giant arcs in galaxy clusters Astrophys. J. 609 50-60
    • (2004) Astrophys. J. , vol.609 , pp. 50-60
    • Dalal, N.1    Holder, G.2    Hennawi, J.F.3
  • 99
    • 0005129596 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Direct detection of cold dark matter substructure
    • Dalal N and Kochanek C S 2002 Direct detection of cold dark matter substructure Astrophys. J. 572 25-33
    • (2002) Astrophys. J. , vol.572 , pp. 25-33
    • Dalal, N.1    Kochanek, C.S.2
  • 101
    • 32044460658 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • MACHOs in M 31? Absence of evidence but not evidence of absence
    • de Jong J T A et al 2006 MACHOs in M 31? Absence of evidence but not evidence of absence Astron. Astrophys. 446 855-75
    • (2006) Astron. Astrophys. , vol.446 , pp. 855-875
    • De Jong, J.T.A.1
  • 102
    • 0002125220 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Galaxy dark matter: Galaxy-galaxy lensing in the Hubble deep field
    • dell'Antonio I P and Tyson J A 1996 Galaxy dark matter: galaxy-galaxy lensing in the Hubble deep field Astrophys. J. Lett. 473 L17
    • (1996) Astrophys. J. Lett. , vol.473
    • Dell'antonio, I.P.1    Tyson, J.A.2
  • 105
    • 33845526947 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A simple analysis of halo density profiles using gravitational lensing time delays
    • Dobke B M and King L J 2006 A simple analysis of halo density profiles using gravitational lensing time delays Astron. Astrophys. 460 647-52
    • (2006) Astron. Astrophys. , vol.460 , pp. 647-652
    • Dobke, B.M.1    King, L.J.2
  • 107
    • 0000146725 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • QSO-galaxy correlations induced by weak lensing in arbitrary Friedmann- Lemaitre cosmologies
    • Dolag K and Bartelmann M 1997 QSO-galaxy correlations induced by weak lensing in arbitrary Friedmann- Lemaitre cosmologies Mon. Not. R. Astron. Soc. 291 446
    • (1997) Mon. Not. R. Astron. Soc. , vol.291 , pp. 446
    • Dolag, K.1    Bartelmann, M.2
  • 108
    • 4043052330 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • And TakadaM2004 Effects of halo substructure on the power spectrum and bispectrum
    • Dolney D, Jain B and TakadaM2004 Effects of halo substructure on the power spectrum and bispectrum Mon. Not. R. Astron. Soc. 352 1019-27
    • Mon. Not. R. Astron. Soc. , vol.352 , pp. 1019-1027
    • Dolney, D.1    Jain, B.2
  • 111
    • 54949113792 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Microlensing variability in the gravitationally lensed quasar QSO 2237+0305 ≡ the Einstein Cross: II. Energy profile of the accretion disk
    • Eigenbrod A, Courbin F, Meylan G, Agol E, Anguita T, Schmidt R W and Wambsganss J 2008 Microlensing variability in the gravitationally lensed quasar QSO 2237+0305 ≡ the Einstein Cross: II. Energy profile of the accretion disk Astron. Astrophys. 490 933-43
    • (2008) Astron. Astrophys. , vol.490 , pp. 933-943
    • Eigenbrod, A.1    Courbin, F.2    Meylan, G.3    Agol, E.4    Anguita, T.5    Schmidt, R.W.6    Wambsganss, J.7
  • 112
    • 0000960690 scopus 로고
    • Lens-like action of a star by the deviation of light in the gravitational field
    • Einstein A 1936 Lens-like action of a star by the deviation of light in the gravitational field Science 84 506-7
    • (1936) Science , vol.84 , pp. 506-507
    • Einstein, A.1
  • 116
    • 0034134774 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Is the large magellanic cloud a large microlensing cloud?
    • Evans N W and Kerins E 2000 Is the large magellanic cloud a large microlensing cloud? Astrophys. J. 529 917-24
    • (2000) Astrophys. J. , vol.529 , pp. 917-924
    • Evans, N.W.1    Kerins, E.2
  • 117
    • 0242425021 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Fitting gravitational lenses: Truth or delusion
    • Evans N W and Witt H J 2003 Fitting gravitational lenses: truth or delusion Mon. Not. R. Astron. Soc. 345 1351-64
    • (2003) Mon. Not. R. Astron. Soc. , vol.345 , pp. 1351-1364
    • Evans, N.W.1    Witt, H.J.2
  • 118
    • 77149137063 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Improved constraints on the gravitational lens Q0957+561: II. Strong lensing
    • Fadely R, Keeton C R, Nakajima R and Bernstein G M 2010 Improved constraints on the gravitational lens Q0957+561: II. Strong lensing Astrophys. J. 711 246-67
    • (2010) Astrophys. J. , vol.711 , pp. 246-267
    • Fadely, R.1    Keeton, C.R.2    Nakajima, R.3    Bernstein, G.M.4
  • 119
    • 12044259154 scopus 로고
    • Dark matter in MS 1224 from distortion of background galaxies
    • Fahlman G, Kaiser N, Squires G and Woods D 1994 Dark matter in MS 1224 from distortion of background galaxies Astrophys. J. 437 56-62
    • (1994) Astrophys. J. , vol.437 , pp. 56-62
    • Fahlman, G.1    Kaiser, N.2    Squires, G.3    Woods, D.4
  • 120
    • 77955844526 scopus 로고
    • On model-dependent bounds on H(0) from gravitational images application of Q0957 + 561A,B
    • Falco E E, Gorenstein M V and Shapiro I I 1985 On model-dependent bounds on H(0) from gravitational images application of Q0957 + 561A,B Astrophys. J. Lett. 289 L1-4
    • (1985) Astrophys. J. Lett. , vol.289
    • Falco, E.E.1    Gorenstein, M.V.2    Shapiro, I.I.3
  • 121
    • 22044440369 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Limits on cosmological models from radio-selected gravitational lenses
    • Falco E E,Kochanek C S and Munoz JA1998 Limits on cosmological models from radio-selected gravitational lenses Astrophys. J. 494 47
    • (1998) Astrophys. J. , vol.494 , pp. 47
    • Falco, E.E.1    Kochanek, C.S.2    Munoz, J.A.3
  • 123
    • 0042232162 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • 0 with the CLASS gravitational lens B1608+656: III. A significant improvement in the precision of the time delay measurements
    • 0 with the CLASS gravitational lens B1608+656: III. A significant improvement in the precision of the time delay measurements Astrophys. J. 581 823-35
    • (2002) Astrophys. J. , vol.581 , pp. 823-835
    • Fassnacht, C.D.1    Xanthopoulos, E.2    Koopmans, L.V.E.3    Rusin, D.4
  • 124
    • 10944253055 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A search for clusters and groups of galaxies on the line of sight towards 8 lensed quasars
    • Faure C, Alloin D, Kneib J P and Courbin F 2004 A search for clusters and groups of galaxies on the line of sight towards 8 lensed quasars Astron. Astrophys. 428 741-55
    • (2004) Astron. Astrophys. , vol.428 , pp. 741-755
    • Faure, C.1    Alloin, D.2    Kneib, J.P.3    Courbin, F.4
  • 125
    • 35548941877 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Selection effects on X-ray and strong-lensing clusters in various cosmologies
    • Fedeli C and BartelmannM2007 Selection effects on X-ray and strong-lensing clusters in various cosmologies Astron. Astrophys. 474 355-64
    • (2007) Astron. Astrophys. , vol.474 , pp. 355-364
    • Fedeli, C.1    Bartelmann, M.2
  • 127
    • 33244477876 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A fast method for computing strong-lensing cross sections: Application to merging clusters
    • Fedeli C, Meneghetti M, Bartelmann M, Dolag K and Moscardini L 2006 A fast method for computing strong-lensing cross sections: application to merging clusters Astron. Astrophys. 447 419-30
    • (2006) Astron. Astrophys. , vol.447 , pp. 419-430
    • Fedeli, C.1    Meneghetti, M.2    Bartelmann, M.3    Dolag, K.4    Moscardini, L.5
  • 129
    • 0000716108 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A new weak-lensing analysis of MS 1224.7+2007
    • Fischer P 1999 A new weak-lensing analysis of MS 1224.7+2007 Astron. J. 117 2024-33
    • (1999) Astron. J. , vol.117 , pp. 2024-2033
    • Fischer, P.1
  • 130
    • 0002861489 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The mass distribution of the cluster 0957+561 from gravitational lensing
    • Fischer P, Bernstein G, Rhee G and Tyson J A 1997 The mass distribution of the cluster 0957+561 from gravitational lensing Astron. J. 113 521
    • (1997) Astron. J. , vol.113 , pp. 521
    • Fischer, P.1    Bernstein, G.2    Rhee, G.3    Tyson, J.A.4
  • 132
    • 0034196934 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Arc statistics in clusters: Galaxy contribution
    • Flores R A, Maller A H and Primack J R 2000 Arc statistics in clusters: galaxy contribution Astrophys. J. 535 555-60
    • (2000) Astrophys. J. , vol.535 , pp. 555-560
    • Flores, R.A.1    Maller, A.H.2    Primack, J.R.3
  • 133
    • 11944267669 scopus 로고
    • An arc system with a radial gravitational image in the cluster MS 2137-23
    • Fort B, Le Fevre O, Hammer F and Cailloux M 1992 An arc system with a radial gravitational image in the cluster MS 2137-23 Astrophys. J. Lett. 399 L125-7
    • (1992) Astrophys. J. Lett. , vol.399
    • Fort, B.1    Le Fevre, O.2    Hammer, F.3    Cailloux, M.4
  • 135
    • 22044438050 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Discovery of red selected arcs at Z = 4.04 behind Abell 2390
    • Frye B and Broadhurst T 1998 Discovery of red selected arcs at Z = 4.04 behind Abell 2390 Astrophys. J. Lett. 499 L115
    • (1998) Astrophys. J. Lett. , vol.499
    • Frye, B.1    Broadhurst, T.2
  • 136
    • 73649140316 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A new cosmic shear function: Optimized E-/B-mode decomposition on a finite interval
    • Fu L and Kilbinger M 2010 A new cosmic shear function: optimized E-/B-mode decomposition on a finite interval Mon. Not. R. Astron. Soc. 401 1264-74
    • (2010) Mon. Not. R. Astron. Soc. , vol.401 , pp. 1264-1274
    • Fu, L.1    Kilbinger, M.2
  • 137
    • 38849136574 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Very weak lensing in the CFHTLS wide: Cosmology from cosmic shear in the linear regime
    • Fu L et al 2008 Very weak lensing in the CFHTLS wide: cosmology from cosmic shear in the linear regime Astron. Astrophys. 479 9-25
    • (2008) Astron. Astrophys. , vol.479 , pp. 9-25
    • Fu, L.1
  • 138
    • 0001975182 scopus 로고
    • Statistical gravitational lensing and the Lick catalogue of galaxies
    • Fugmann W 1990 Statistical gravitational lensing and the Lick catalogue of galaxies Astron. Astrophys. 240 11-21
    • (1990) Astron. Astrophys. , vol.240 , pp. 11-21
    • Fugmann, W.1
  • 139
    • 0001907640 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Constraining (ΩΛ) from weak lensing in clusters: The triplet statistics
    • Gautret L, Fort B and Mellier Y 2000 Constraining (ΩΛ) from weak lensing in clusters: the triplet statistics Astron. Astrophys. 353 10-24
    • (2000) Astron. Astrophys. , vol.353 , pp. 10-24
    • Gautret, L.1    Fort, B.2    Mellier, Y.3
  • 140
    • 28144459059 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Projection effects in cluster mass estimates: The case of MS2137-23
    • Gavazzi R 2005 Projection effects in cluster mass estimates: the case of MS2137-23 Astron. Astrophys. 443 793-804
    • (2005) Astron. Astrophys. , vol.443 , pp. 793-804
    • Gavazzi, R.1
  • 143
    • 33846834208 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Weak lensing survey of galaxy clusters in the CFHTLS deep
    • Gavazzi R and Soucail G 2007 Weak lensing survey of galaxy clusters in the CFHTLS deep Astron. Astrophys. 462 459-71
    • (2007) Astron. Astrophys. , vol.462 , pp. 459-471
    • Gavazzi, R.1    Soucail, G.2
  • 145
    • 0042261737 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Correlation between galaxies and quasi-stellar objects in the Sloan Digital Sky Survey: A signal from gravitational lensing magnification?
    • Gaztañaga E 2003 Correlation between galaxies and quasi-stellar objects in the Sloan Digital Sky Survey: a signal from gravitational lensing magnification? Astrophys. J. 589 82-99
    • (2003) Astrophys. J. , vol.589 , pp. 82-99
    • Gaztañaga, E.1
  • 146
    • 0000474477 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Constraining the mass distribution of cluster galaxies by weak lensing
    • Geiger B and Schneider P 1998 Constraining the mass distribution of cluster galaxies by weak lensing Mon. Not. R. Astron. Soc. 295 497
    • (1998) Mon. Not. R. Astron. Soc. , vol.295 , pp. 497
    • Geiger, B.1    Schneider, P.2
  • 147
    • 0000052105 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A simultaneous maximum likelihood approach for galaxy-galaxy lensing and cluster lens reconstruction
    • Geiger B and Schneider P 1999 A simultaneous maximum likelihood approach for galaxy-galaxy lensing and cluster lens reconstruction Mon. Not. R. Astron. Soc. 302 118-30
    • (1999) Mon. Not. R. Astron. Soc. , vol.302 , pp. 118-130
    • Geiger, B.1    Schneider, P.2
  • 149
    • 34548638166 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mass distribution in the most X-ray-luminous galaxy cluster RX J1347.5-1145 studied with XMM-Newton
    • Gitti M, Piffaretti R and Schindler S 2007 Mass distribution in the most X-ray-luminous galaxy cluster RX J1347.5-1145 studied with XMM-Newton Astron. Astrophys. 472 383-94
    • (2007) Astron. Astrophys. , vol.472 , pp. 383-394
    • Gitti, M.1    Piffaretti, R.2    Schindler, S.3
  • 151
    • 17044364815 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Galaxy-galaxy flexion: Weak lensing to second order
    • Goldberg D M and Bacon D J 2005 Galaxy-galaxy flexion: weak lensing to second order Astrophys. J. 619 741-8
    • (2005) Astrophys. J. , vol.619 , pp. 741-748
    • Goldberg, D.M.1    Bacon, D.J.2
  • 152
    • 0036683184 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pseudo elliptical lensing mass model: Application to the NFW mass distribution
    • Golse G and Kneib J-P 2002 Pseudo elliptical lensing mass model: application to the NFW mass distribution Astron. Astrophys. 390 821-7
    • (2002) Astron. Astrophys. , vol.390 , pp. 821-827
    • Golse, G.1    Kneib, J.-P.2
  • 153
    • 0008546540 scopus 로고
    • Degeneracies in parameter estimates formodels of gravitational lens systems
    • GorensteinMV, Shapiro I I and Falco E E 1988 Degeneracies in parameter estimates formodels of gravitational lens systems Astrophys. J. 327 693-711
    • (1988) Astrophys. J. , vol.327 , pp. 693-711
    • Gorenstein, M.V.1    Shapiro, I.I.2    Falco, E.E.3
  • 154
    • 12044253703 scopus 로고
    • Probing the large magellanic cloud halo for MACHOs
    • Gould A 1993 Probing the large magellanic cloud halo for MACHOs Astrophys. J. 404 451-4
    • (1993) Astrophys. J. , vol.404 , pp. 451-454
    • Gould, A.1
  • 155
    • 11944274570 scopus 로고
    • Self-lensing by a stellar disk
    • Gould A 1995 Self-lensing by a stellar disk Astrophys. J. 441 77-8
    • (1995) Astrophys. J. , vol.441 , pp. 77-78
    • Gould, A.1
  • 156
    • 0001234952 scopus 로고
    • Discovering planetary systems through gravitational microlenses
    • Gould A and Loeb A 1992 Discovering planetary systems through gravitational microlenses Astrophys. J. 396 104-14
    • (1992) Astrophys. J. , vol.396 , pp. 104-114
    • Gould, A.1    Loeb, A.2
  • 158
    • 0041625064 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Probing the distribution of dark matter in the A901/902 supercluster with weak lensing
    • Gray M E, Taylor A N, Meisenheimer K, Dye S, Wolf C and Thommes E 2002 Probing the distribution of dark matter in the A901/902 supercluster with weak lensing Astrophys. J. 568 141-62
    • (2002) Astrophys. J. , vol.568 , pp. 141-162
    • Gray, M.E.1    Taylor, A.N.2    Meisenheimer, K.3    Dye, S.4    Wolf, C.5    Thommes, E.6
  • 159
    • 67651218669 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Photometric mass and mass decomposition in early-type lens galaxies
    • Grillo C, Gobat R, Lombardi M and Rosati P 2009 Photometric mass and mass decomposition in early-type lens galaxies Astron. Astrophys. 501 461-74
    • (2009) Astron. Astrophys. , vol.501 , pp. 461-474
    • Grillo, C.1    Gobat, R.2    Lombardi, M.3    Rosati, P.4
  • 161
    • 18044402470 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Galaxy-QSO correlation induced by weak gravitational lensing arising from large-scale structure
    • Guimarães A C C, van De Bruck C and Brandenberger R H 2001 Galaxy-QSO correlation induced by weak gravitational lensing arising from large-scale structure Mon. Not. R. Astron. Soc. 325 278-86
    • (2001) Mon. Not. R. Astron. Soc. , vol.325 , pp. 278-286
    • Guimarães, A.C.C.1    Van De Bruck, C.2    Brandenberger, R.H.3
  • 162
    • 33749158399 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Inhomogeneous systematic signals in cosmic shear observations
    • Guzik J and Bernstein G 2005 Inhomogeneous systematic signals in cosmic shear observations Phys. Rev. D 72 043503
    • (2005) Phys. Rev. D , vol.72 , pp. 043503
    • Guzik, J.1    Bernstein, G.2
  • 163
    • 0041364534 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Virial masses of galactic haloes from galaxy-galaxy lensing: Theoretical modelling and application to Sloan Digital Sky Survey data
    • Guzik J and Seljak U 2002 Virial masses of galactic haloes from galaxy-galaxy lensing: theoretical modelling and application to Sloan Digital Sky Survey data Mon. Not. R. Astron. Soc. 335 311-24
    • (2002) Mon. Not. R. Astron. Soc. , vol.335 , pp. 311-324
    • Guzik, J.1    Seljak, U.2
  • 164
    • 17044413560 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Lensing effect on polarization in the microwave background: Extracting the convergence power spectrum
    • Guzik J, Seljak U and Zaldarriaga M 2000 Lensing effect on polarization in the microwave background: extracting the convergence power spectrum Phys. Rev. D 62 043517
    • (2000) Phys. Rev. D , vol.62 , pp. 043517
    • Guzik, J.1    Seljak, U.2    Zaldarriaga, M.3
  • 165
    • 0034690409 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Self-lensing models of the large magellanic cloud
    • Gyuk G, Dalal N and Griest K 2000 Self-lensing models of the large magellanic cloud Astrophys. J. 535 90-103
    • (2000) Astrophys. J. , vol.535 , pp. 90-103
    • Gyuk, G.1    Dalal, N.2    Griest, K.3
  • 167
    • 33750464799 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Parametric strong gravitational lensing analysis of Abell 1689
    • Halkola A, Seitz S and Pannella M 2006 Parametric strong gravitational lensing analysis of Abell 1689 Mon. Not. R. Astron. Soc. 372 1425-62
    • (2006) Mon. Not. R. Astron. Soc. , vol.372 , pp. 1425-1462
    • Halkola, A.1    Seitz, S.2    Pannella, M.3
  • 168
    • 0043205339 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Numerical study of the statistical properties of the lensing excursion angles
    • Hamana T and Mellier Y 2001 Numerical study of the statistical properties of the lensing excursion angles Mon. Not. R. Astron. Soc. 327 169-76
    • (2001) Mon. Not. R. Astron. Soc. , vol.327 , pp. 169-176
    • Hamana, T.1    Mellier, Y.2
  • 170
    • 0039146719 scopus 로고
    • Giant luminous arcs from lensing - Determination of the mass distribution inside distant cluster cores
    • Hammer F and Rigaut F 1989 Giant luminous arcs from lensing - determination of the mass distribution inside distant cluster cores Astron. Astrophys. 226 45-56
    • (1989) Astron. Astrophys. , vol.226 , pp. 45-56
    • Hammer, F.1    Rigaut, F.2
  • 171
    • 33645549675 scopus 로고
    • Probable additional gravitational images related to the CL 2244-02 arc and B, V, R photometry of the cluster core
    • Hammer F, Rigaut F, Le Fevre O, Jones J and Soucail G 1989 Probable additional gravitational images related to the CL 2244-02 arc and B, V, R photometry of the cluster core Astron. Astrophys. 208 L7-10
    • (1989) Astron. Astrophys. , vol.208
    • Hammer, F.1    Rigaut, F.2    Le Fevre, O.3    Jones, J.4    Soucail, G.5
  • 172
    • 70349491262 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The non-Gaussianity of the cosmic shear likelihood or how odd is the Chandra Deep Field South?
    • Hartlap J, Schrabback T, Simon P and Schneider P 2009 The non-Gaussianity of the cosmic shear likelihood or how odd is the Chandra Deep Field South? Astron. Astrophys. 504 689-703
    • (2009) Astron. Astrophys. , vol.504 , pp. 689-703
    • Hartlap, J.1    Schrabback, T.2    Simon, P.3    Schneider, P.4
  • 174
    • 0009096796 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Measurement of mass distribution of galaxy clusters using the giant luminous arc statistics with le Fevre et al's arc survey data
    • Hattori M, Watanabe K and Yamashita K 1997 Measurement of mass distribution of galaxy clusters using the giant luminous arc statistics with Le Fevre et al's arc survey data Astron. Astrophys. 319 764-80
    • (1997) Astron. Astrophys. , vol.319 , pp. 764-780
    • Hattori, M.1    Watanabe, K.2    Yamashita, K.3
  • 176
    • 0000742341 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Intrinsic correlation of galaxy shapes: Implications for weak lensing measurements
    • Heavens A, Refregier A and Heymans C 2000 Intrinsic correlation of galaxy shapes: implications for weak lensing measurements Mon. Not. R. Astron. Soc. 319 649-56
    • (2000) Mon. Not. R. Astron. Soc. , vol.319 , pp. 649-656
    • Heavens, A.1    Refregier, A.2    Heymans, C.3
  • 179
    • 42649107550 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A new survey for giant arcs
    • Hennawi J F et al 2008 A new survey for giant arcs Astron. J. 135 664-81
    • (2008) Astron. J. , vol.135 , pp. 664-681
    • Hennawi, J.F.1
  • 184
    • 41649099305 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The dark matter environment of the Abell 901/902 supercluster: A weak lensing analysis of the HST STAGES survey
    • Heymans C et al 2008 The dark matter environment of the Abell 901/902 supercluster: a weak lensing analysis of the HST STAGES survey Mon. Not. R. Astron. Soc. 385 1431-42
    • (2008) Mon. Not. R. Astron. Soc. , vol.385 , pp. 1431-1442
    • Heymans, C.1
  • 185
    • 0141542280 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Weak gravitational lensing: Reducing the contamination by intrinsic alignments
    • Heymans C and Heavens A 2003 Weak gravitational lensing: reducing the contamination by intrinsic alignments Mon. Not. R. Astron. Soc. 339 711-20
    • (2003) Mon. Not. R. Astron. Soc. , vol.339 , pp. 711-720
    • Heymans, C.1    Heavens, A.2
  • 186
    • 33646492494 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The shear testing programme: I. Weak lensing analysis of simulated ground-based observations
    • Heymans C et al 2006 The shear testing programme: I. Weak lensing analysis of simulated ground-based observations Mon. Not. R. Astron. Soc. 368 1323-39
    • (2006) Mon. Not. R. Astron. Soc. , vol.368 , pp. 1323-1339
    • Heymans, C.1
  • 187
    • 20344386455 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Velocity effects on the deflection of light by gravitational microlenses
    • Heyrovský D 2005 Velocity effects on the deflection of light by gravitational microlenses Astrophys. J. 624 28-33
    • (2005) Astrophys. J. , vol.624 , pp. 28-33
    • Heyrovský, D.1
  • 188
    • 66349090196 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ray-tracing through the millennium simulation: Born corrections and lens-lens coupling in cosmic shear and galaxy-galaxy lensing
    • Hilbert S, Hartlap J, White S D M and Schneider P 2009 Ray-tracing through the millennium simulation: Born corrections and lens-lens coupling in cosmic shear and galaxy-galaxy lensing Astron. Astrophys. 499 31-43
    • (2009) Astron. Astrophys. , vol.499 , pp. 31-43
    • Hilbert, S.1    Hartlap, J.2    White, S.D.M.3    Schneider, P.4
  • 189
    • 70450178555 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • CARS: The CFHTLS-Archive-Research Survey: III. First detection of cosmic magnification in samples of normal high-z galaxies
    • Hildebrandt H, van Waerbeke L and Erben T 2009 CARS: the CFHTLS-Archive-Research Survey: III. First detection of cosmic magnification in samples of normal high-z galaxies Astron. Astrophys. 507 683-91
    • (2009) Astron. Astrophys. , vol.507 , pp. 683-691
    • Hildebrandt, H.1    Van Waerbeke, L.2    Erben, T.3
  • 190
    • 49749105598 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Correlation of CMB with large-scale structure: II. Weak lensing
    • Hirata C M, Ho S, Padmanabhan N, Seljak U and Bahcall N A 2008 Correlation of CMB with large-scale structure: II. Weak lensing PRD 78 043520
    • (2008) PRD , vol.78 , pp. 043520
    • Hirata, C.M.1    Ho, S.2    Padmanabhan, N.3    Seljak, U.4    Bahcall, N.A.5
  • 191
    • 35448993975 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Intrinsic galaxy alignments from the 2SLAQ and SDSS surveys: Luminosity and redshift scalings and implications for weak lensing surveys
    • Hirata CM,Mandelbaum R, Ishak M, Seljak U, Nichol R, Pimbblet K A, Ross N P andWake D 2007 Intrinsic galaxy alignments from the 2SLAQ and SDSS surveys: luminosity and redshift scalings and implications for weak lensing surveys Mon. Not. R. Astron. Soc. 381 1197-218
    • (2007) Mon. Not. R. Astron. Soc. , vol.381 , pp. 1197-1218
    • Hirata, C.M.1    Mandelbaum, R.2    Ishak, M.3    Seljak, U.4    Nichol, R.5    Pimbblet, K.A.6    Ross, N.P.7    Wake, D.8
  • 192
    • 4544375971 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Galaxy-galaxy weak lensing in the Sloan Digital Sky Survey: Intrinsic alignments and shear calibration errors
    • Hirata C M et al 2004 Galaxy-galaxy weak lensing in the Sloan Digital Sky Survey: intrinsic alignments and shear calibration errors Mon. Not. R. Astron. Soc. 353 529-49
    • (2004) Mon. Not. R. Astron. Soc. , vol.353 , pp. 529-549
    • Hirata, C.M.1
  • 193
    • 0037441147 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Analyzing weak lensing of the cosmic microwave background using the likelihood function
    • Hirata C M and Seljak U 2003 Analyzing weak lensing of the cosmic microwave background using the likelihood function Phys. Rev. D 67 043001
    • (2003) Phys. Rev. D , vol.67 , pp. 043001
    • Hirata, C.M.1    Seljak, U.2
  • 194
    • 0344012156 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Reconstruction of lensing from the cosmic microwave background polarization
    • Hirata C M and Seljak U 2003 Reconstruction of lensing from the cosmic microwave background polarization Phys. Rev. D 68 083002
    • (2003) Phys. Rev. D , vol.68 , pp. 083002
    • Hirata, C.M.1    Seljak, U.2
  • 195
    • 84927746256 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Intrinsic alignment-lensing interference as a contaminant of cosmic shear
    • Hirata CMand Seljak U 2004 Intrinsic alignment-lensing interference as a contaminant of cosmic shear Phys. Rev. D 70 063526
    • (2004) Phys. Rev. D , vol.70 , pp. 063526
    • Hirata, C.M.1    Seljak, U.2
  • 196
    • 0142073842 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • How well can we determine cluster mass profiles from weak lensing?
    • Hoekstra H 2003 How well can we determine cluster mass profiles from weak lensing? Mon. Not. R. Astron. Soc. 339 1155-62
    • (2003) Mon. Not. R. Astron. Soc. , vol.339 , pp. 1155-1162
    • Hoekstra, H.1
  • 197
    • 0442307294 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The effect of imperfect models of point spread function anisotropy on cosmic shear measurements
    • Hoekstra H 2004 The effect of imperfect models of point spread function anisotropy on cosmic shear measurements Mon. Not. R. Astron. Soc. 347 1337-44
    • (2004) Mon. Not. R. Astron. Soc. , vol.347 , pp. 1337-1344
    • Hoekstra, H.1
  • 198
    • 34547149948 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A comparison of weak-lensing masses and X-ray properties of galaxy clusters
    • Hoekstra H 2007 A comparison of weak-lensing masses and X-ray properties of galaxy clusters Mon. Not. R. Astron. Soc. 379 317-30
    • (2007) Mon. Not. R. Astron. Soc. , vol.379 , pp. 317-330
    • Hoekstra, H.1
  • 199
    • 0034688845 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hubble space telescope weak-lensing study of the z = 0.83 cluster MS 1054-03
    • Hoekstra H, Franx M and Kuijken K 2000 Hubble space telescope weak-lensing study of the z = 0.83 cluster MS 1054-03 Astrophys. J. 532 88-108
    • (2000) Astrophys. J. , vol.532 , pp. 88-108
    • Hoekstra, H.1    Franx, M.2    Kuijken, K.3
  • 200
    • 0037830569 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • HST large-field weak lensing analysis ofMS 2053- 04: Study of the mass distribution and mass-to-light ratio of X-ray luminous clusters at 0.22 < z < 0.83
    • Hoekstra H, FranxM,KuijkenKand vanDokkum PG2002 HST large-field weak lensing analysis ofMS 2053- 04: study of the mass distribution and mass-to-light ratio of X-ray luminous clusters at 0.22 < z < 0.83 Mon. Not. R. Astron. Soc. 333 911-22
    • (2002) Mon. Not. R. Astron. Soc. , vol.333 , pp. 911-922
    • Hoekstra, H.1    Franx, M.2    Kuijken, K.3    Van Dokkum, P.G.4
  • 201
    • 57749102455 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Weak gravitational lensing and its cosmological applications
    • Hoekstra H and Jain B 2008 Weak gravitational lensing and its cosmological applications Annu. Rev. Nucl. Part. Sci. 58 99-123
    • (2008) Annu. Rev. Nucl. Part. Sci. , vol.58 , pp. 99-123
    • Hoekstra, H.1    Jain, B.2
  • 206
    • 2542559648 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Properties of galaxy dark matter halos from weak lensing
    • Hoekstra H, Yee H K C and Gladders M D 2004 Properties of galaxy dark matter halos from weak lensing Astrophys. J. 606 67-77
    • (2004) Astrophys. J. , vol.606 , pp. 67-77
    • Hoekstra, H.1    Yee, H.K.C.2    Gladders, M.D.3
  • 208
    • 84891268448 scopus 로고
    • The gravitational lens system B:1422+231. Dark matter superluminal expansion and the Hubble constant
    • Hogg D W and Blandford R D 1994 The gravitational lens system B:1422+231. Dark matter superluminal expansion and the Hubble constant Mon. Not. R. Astron. Soc. 268 889
    • (1994) Mon. Not. R. Astron. Soc. , vol.268 , pp. 889
    • Hogg, D.W.1    Blandford, R.D.2
  • 209
    • 0002225627 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Moderatetemperature clusters of galaxies from the RDCS and the high-redshift luminosity-temperature relation
    • Holden B P, Stanford S A, Squires G K, Rosati P, Tozzi P, Eisenhardt P and Spinrad H 2002 Moderatetemperature clusters of galaxies from the RDCS and the high-redshift luminosity-temperature relation Astron. J. 124 33-45
    • (2002) Astron. J. , vol.124 , pp. 33-45
    • Holden, B.P.1    Stanford, S.A.2    Squires, G.K.3    Rosati, P.4    Tozzi, P.5    Eisenhardt, P.6    Spinrad, H.7
  • 210
  • 211
    • 17044438084 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Weak lensing of the CMB: A harmonic approach
    • Hu W 2000 Weak lensing of the CMB: a harmonic approach PRD 62 043007
    • (2000) PRD , vol.62 , pp. 043007
    • Hu, W.1
  • 212
    • 0035921226 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mapping the dark matter through the cosmic microwave background damping tail
    • DOI 10.1086/323253
    • Hu W 2001 Mapping the dark matter through the cosmic microwave background damping tail Astrophys. J. Lett. 557 L79-83 (Pubitemid 33581003)
    • (2001) Astrophysical Journal , vol.557 , Issue.2 PART 2
    • Hu, W.1
  • 213
    • 0033110510 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Weak lensing: Prospects for measuring cosmological parameters
    • Hu W and Tegmark M 1999 Weak lensing: prospects for measuring cosmological parameters Astrophys. J. Lett. 514 L65-8
    • (1999) Astrophys. J. Lett. , vol.514
    • Hu, W.1    Tegmark, M.2
  • 214
    • 0002550840 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Power spectra estimation for weak lensing
    • Hu W and White M 2001 Power spectra estimation for weak lensing Astrophys. J. 554 67-73
    • (2001) Astrophys. J. , vol.554 , pp. 67-73
    • Hu, W.1    White, M.2
  • 215
    • 0037087887 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Weak lensing and dark energy
    • Huterer D 2002 Weak lensing and dark energy Phys. Rev. D 65 063001
    • (2002) Phys. Rev. D , vol.65 , pp. 063001
    • Huterer, D.1
  • 216
    • 0000536978 scopus 로고
    • Gravitational lenses with angular momentum
    • Ibanez J 1983 Gravitational lenses with angular momentum Astron. Astrophys. 124 175-80
    • (1983) Astron. Astrophys. , vol.124 , pp. 175-180
    • Ibanez, J.1
  • 217
    • 43749106549 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The Sloan Digital Sky Survey quasar lens search: II. Statistical lens sample from the third data release
    • Inada N et al 2008 The Sloan Digital Sky Survey quasar lens search: II. Statistical lens sample from the third data release Astron. J. 135 496-511
    • (2008) Astron. J. , vol.135 , pp. 496-511
    • Inada, N.1
  • 218
    • 0346980171 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A gravitationally lensed quasar with quadruple images separated by 14.62 arcseconds
    • Inada N et al 2003 A gravitationally lensed quasar with quadruple images separated by 14.62 arcseconds Nature 426 810-2
    • (2003) Nature , vol.426 , pp. 810-812
    • Inada, N.1
  • 220
    • 0037853016 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Weak gravitational lensing by a sample of X-ray-luminous clusters of galaxies: II. Comparison with virial masses
    • Irgens R J, Lilje P B, Dahle H and Maddox S J 2002Weak gravitational lensing by a sample of X-ray-luminous clusters of galaxies: II. Comparison with virial masses Astrophys. J. 579 227-35
    • (2002) Astrophys. J. , vol.579 , pp. 227-235
    • Irgens, R.J.1    Lilje, P.B.2    Dahle, H.3    Maddox, S.J.4
  • 221
    • 0041831301 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Magnification effects as measures of large-scale structure
    • Jain B 2002 Magnification effects as measures of large-scale structure Astrophys. J. Lett. 580 L3-6
    • (2002) Astrophys. J. Lett. , vol.580
    • Jain, B.1
  • 222
    • 33644653410 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • PSF anisotropy and systematic errors in weak lensing surveys
    • JCAP02(2006)001
    • Jain B, JarvisMand Bernstein G 2006 PSF anisotropy and systematic errors in weak lensing surveys J. Cosmol. Astropart. Phys. JCAP02(2006)001
    • (2006) J. Cosmol. Astropart. Phys.
    • Jain, B.1    Jarvis, M.2    Bernstein, G.3
  • 223
    • 0142136036 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Quasar-galaxy and galaxy-galaxy cross-correlations: Model predictions with realistic galaxies
    • Jain B, ScrantonRand ShethRK2003 Quasar-galaxy and galaxy-galaxy cross-correlations: model predictions with realistic galaxies Mon. Not. R. Astron. Soc. 345 62-70
    • (2003) Mon. Not. R. Astron. Soc. , vol.345 , pp. 62-70
    • Jain, B.1    Scranton, R.2    Sheth, R.K.3
  • 224
    • 21744438065 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cosmological model predictions for weak lensing: Linear and nonlinear regimes
    • Jain B and Seljak U 1997 Cosmological model predictions for weak lensing: linear and nonlinear regimes Astrophys. J. 484 560
    • (1997) Astrophys. J. , vol.484 , pp. 560
    • Jain, B.1    Seljak, U.2
  • 225
    • 0034688525 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ray-tracing simulations of weak lensing by large-scale structure
    • Jain B, Seljak U and White S 2000 Ray-tracing simulations of weak lensing by large-scale structure Astrophys. J. 530 547-77
    • (2000) Astrophys. J. , vol.530 , pp. 547-577
    • Jain, B.1    Seljak, U.2    White, S.3
  • 226
    • 0038077731 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Weak-lensing results from the 75 square degree Cerro Tololo inter-American observatory survey
    • Jarvis M, Bernstein G M, Fischer P, Smith D, Jain B, Tyson J A and Wittman D 2003 Weak-lensing results from the 75 square degree Cerro Tololo inter-American observatory survey Astron. J. 125 1014-32
    • (2003) Astron. J. , vol.125 , pp. 1014-1032
    • Jarvis, M.1    Bernstein, G.M.2    Fischer, P.3    Smith, D.4    Jain, B.5    Tyson, J.A.6    Wittman, D.7
  • 227
    • 70549110126 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hubble space telescope weak-lensing study of the galaxy cluster XMMU J2235.3-2557 at z ∼ 1.4: A surprisingly massive galaxy cluster when the universe is one-third of its current age
    • Jee M J et al 2009 Hubble space telescope weak-lensing study of the galaxy cluster XMMU J2235.3-2557 at z ∼ 1.4: a surprisingly massive galaxy cluster when the universe is one-third of its current age Astrophys. J. 704 672-86
    • (2009) Astrophys. J. , vol.704 , pp. 672-686
    • Jee, M.J.1
  • 230
    • 0036790339 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Microlensing towards the large magellanic cloud
    • Jetzer P, Mancini L and Scarpetta G 2002 Microlensing towards the large magellanic cloud Astron. Astrophys. 393 129-47
    • (2002) Astron. Astrophys. , vol.393 , pp. 129-147
    • Jetzer, P.1    Mancini, L.2    Scarpetta, G.3
  • 231
  • 232
    • 0041813271 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Intrinsic correlation of halo ellipticity and its implications for large-scale weak lensing surveys
    • Jing Y P 2002 Intrinsic correlation of halo ellipticity and its implications for large-scale weak lensing surveys Mon. Not. R. Astron. Soc. 335 L89-93
    • (2002) Mon. Not. R. Astron. Soc. , vol.335
    • Jing, Y.P.1
  • 233
    • 33645809120 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The influence of baryons on the clustering of matter and weak-lensing surveys
    • 2 II DOI 10.1086/503547
    • Jing Y P, Zhang P, Lin W P, Gao L and Springel V 2006 The influence of baryons on the clustering of matter and weak-lensing surveys Astrophys. J. Lett. 640 L119-22 (Pubitemid 43570178)
    • (2006) Astrophysical Journal , vol.640
    • Jing, Y.P.1    Zhang, P.2    Lin, W.P.3    Gao, L.4    Springel, V.5
  • 234
    • 38849086144 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Analysis of two-point statistics of cosmic shear: III. Covariances of shear measures made easy
    • Joachimi B, Schneider P and Eifler T 2008 Analysis of two-point statistics of cosmic shear: III. Covariances of shear measures made easy Astron. Astrophys. 477 43-54
    • (2008) Astron. Astrophys. , vol.477 , pp. 43-54
    • Joachimi, B.1    Schneider, P.2    Eifler, T.3
  • 235
    • 4244035170 scopus 로고
    • Weak gravitational lensing of distant galaxies
    • Kaiser N 1992 Weak gravitational lensing of distant galaxies Astrophys. J. 388 272-86
    • (1992) Astrophys. J. , vol.388 , pp. 272-286
    • Kaiser, N.1
  • 236
    • 0002468941 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Weak lensing and cosmology
    • Kaiser N 1998 Weak lensing and cosmology Astrophys. J. 498 26
    • (1998) Astrophys. J. , vol.498 , pp. 26
    • Kaiser, N.1
  • 237
    • 12044250061 scopus 로고
    • Mapping the dark matter with weak gravitational lensing
    • Kaiser N and Squires G 1993 Mapping the dark matter with weak gravitational lensing Astrophys. J. 404 441-50
    • (1993) Astrophys. J. , vol.404 , pp. 441-450
    • Kaiser, N.1    Squires, G.2
  • 240
    • 0033733729 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Giant arc statistics and cosmological parameters
    • Kaufmann R and Straumann N 2000 Giant arc statistics and cosmological parameters Ann. Phys. 9 384-94
    • (2000) Ann. Phys. , vol.9 , pp. 384-394
    • Kaufmann, R.1    Straumann, N.2
  • 241
    • 0035510940 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cold dark matter and strong gravitational lensing: Concord or conflict?
    • Keeton C R 2001 Cold dark matter and strong gravitational lensing: concord or conflict? Astrophys. J. 561 46-60
    • (2001) Astrophys. J. , vol.561 , pp. 46-60
    • Keeton, C.R.1
  • 242
  • 244
    • 68149156081 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A new channel for detecting dark matter substructure in galaxies: Gravitational lens time delays
    • Keeton C R and Moustakas L A 2009 A new channel for detecting dark matter substructure in galaxies: gravitational lens time delays Astrophys. J. 699 1720-31
    • (2009) Astrophys. J. , vol.699 , pp. 1720-1731
    • Keeton, C.R.1    Moustakas, L.A.2
  • 245
    • 7544236553 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The importance of lens galaxy environments
    • Keeton C R and Zabludoff A I 2004 The importance of lens galaxy environments Astrophys. J. 612 660-78
    • (2004) Astrophys. J. , vol.612 , pp. 660-678
    • Keeton, C.R.1    Zabludoff, A.I.2
  • 246
    • 4243413726 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Weak lensing of the CMB: Cumulants of the probability distribution function
    • Kesden M, Cooray A and Kamionkowski M 2002 Weak lensing of the CMB: cumulants of the probability distribution function Phys. Rev. D 66 083007
    • (2002) Phys. Rev. D , vol.66 , pp. 083007
    • Kesden, M.1    Cooray, A.2    Kamionkowski, M.3
  • 247
    • 27144523717 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cosmological parameters from combined second- and third-order aperture mass statistics of cosmic shear
    • Kilbinger M and Schneider P 2005 Cosmological parameters from combined second- and third-order aperture mass statistics of cosmic shear Astron. Astrophys. 442 69-83
    • (2005) Astron. Astrophys. , vol.442 , pp. 69-83
    • Kilbinger, M.1    Schneider, P.2
  • 248
    • 33749066528 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • E- and B-mode mixing from incomplete knowledge of the shear correlation
    • Kilbinger M, Schneider P and Eifler T 2006 E- and B-mode mixing from incomplete knowledge of the shear correlation Astron. Astrophys. 457 15-9
    • (2006) Astron. Astrophys. , vol.457 , pp. 15-19
    • Kilbinger, M.1    Schneider, P.2    Eifler, T.3
  • 249
    • 0036901955 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Suppressing the contribution of intrinsic galaxy alignments to the shear two-point correlation function
    • King L and Schneider P 2002 Suppressing the contribution of intrinsic galaxy alignments to the shear two-point correlation function Astron. Astrophys. 396 411-8
    • (2002) Astron. Astrophys. , vol.396 , pp. 411-418
    • King, L.1    Schneider, P.2
  • 250
    • 25444496733 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cosmic shear as a tool for precision cosmology: Minimising intrinsic galaxy alignment-lensing interference
    • King L J 2005 Cosmic shear as a tool for precision cosmology: minimising intrinsic galaxy alignment-lensing interference Astron. Astrophys. 441 47-53
    • (2005) Astron. Astrophys. , vol.441 , pp. 47-53
    • King, L.J.1
  • 251
    • 0035499976 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cluster mass profiles from weak lensing: The influence of substructure
    • King L J, Schneider P and Springel V 2001 Cluster mass profiles from weak lensing: the influence of substructure Astron. Astrophys. 378 748-55
    • (2001) Astron. Astrophys. , vol.378 , pp. 748-755
    • King, L.J.1    Schneider, P.2    Springel, V.3
  • 254
    • 3142758100 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A probable z ∼ 7 galaxy strongly lensed by the rich cluster A2218: Exploring the dark ages
    • Kneib J, Ellis R S, Santos M R and Richard J 2004 A probable z ∼ 7 galaxy strongly lensed by the rich cluster A2218: exploring the dark ages Astrophys. J. 607 697-703
    • (2004) Astrophys. J. , vol.607 , pp. 697-703
    • Kneib, J.1    Ellis, R.S.2    Santos, M.R.3    Richard, J.4
  • 257
    • 11944256537 scopus 로고
    • Gravitational lensing limits on cold dark matter and its variants
    • Kochanek C S 1995 Gravitational lensing limits on cold dark matter and its variants Astrophys. J. 453 545
    • (1995) Astrophys. J. , vol.453 , pp. 545
    • Kochanek, C.S.1
  • 258
    • 24444475912 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Is there a cosmological constant?
    • Kochanek C S 1996 Is there a cosmological constant? Astrophys. J. 466 638
    • (1996) Astrophys. J. , vol.466 , pp. 638
    • Kochanek, C.S.1
  • 259
    • 0013050865 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • What do gravitational lens time delays measure?
    • Kochanek C S 2002 What do gravitational lens time delays measure? Astrophys. J. 578 25-32
    • (2002) Astrophys. J. , vol.578 , pp. 25-32
    • Kochanek, C.S.1
  • 260
    • 0142110947 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Gravitational lens time delays in cold dark matter
    • Kochanek C S 2003 Gravitational lens time delays in cold dark matter Astrophys. J. 583 49-57
    • (2003) Astrophys. J. , vol.583 , pp. 49-57
    • Kochanek, C.S.1
  • 261
    • 4444236650 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Tests for substructure in gravitational lenses
    • Kochanek C S and Dalal N 2004 Tests for substructure in gravitational lenses Astrophys. J. 610 69-79
    • (2004) Astrophys. J. , vol.610 , pp. 69-79
    • Kochanek, C.S.1    Dalal, N.2
  • 262
    • 79953715062 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Seven-yearWilkinsonmicrowave anisotropy probe (WMAP) observations: Cosmological
    • at press
    • Komatsu E et al 2010 Seven-yearWilkinsonmicrowave anisotropy probe (WMAP) observations: cosmological ApJS at press
    • (2010) ApJS
    • Komatsu, E.1
  • 265
    • 0001159239 scopus 로고
    • Diagnostics of compact clusters of galaxies by giant luminous arcs
    • Kovner I 1989 Diagnostics of compact clusters of galaxies by giant luminous arcs Astrophys. J. 337 621-35
    • (1989) Astrophys. J. , vol.337 , pp. 621-635
    • Kovner, I.1
  • 266
    • 0001014448 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Statistics of dark matter haloes expected from weak lensing surveys
    • Kruse G and Schneider P 1999 Statistics of dark matter haloes expected from weak lensing surveys Mon. Not. R. Astron. Soc. 302 821-9
    • (1999) Mon. Not. R. Astron. Soc. , vol.302 , pp. 821-829
    • Kruse, G.1    Schneider, P.2
  • 267
    • 5844379740 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Not enough stellar mass Machos in the Galactic halo
    • Lasserre T et al 2000 Not enough stellar mass Machos in the Galactic halo Astron. Astrophys. 355 L39-42
    • (2000) Astron. Astrophys. , vol.355
    • Lasserre, T.1
  • 269
    • 10844295779 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The intrinsic inclination of galaxies embedded in cosmic sheets and its cosmological implications: An analytic calculation
    • Lee J 2004 The intrinsic inclination of galaxies embedded in cosmic sheets and its cosmological implications: an analytic calculation Astrophys. J. Lett. 614 L1-4
    • (2004) Astrophys. J. Lett. , vol.614
    • Lee, J.1
  • 270
    • 0042831336 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Detection of galaxy spin alignments in the point source catalog redshift survey shear field
    • Lee J and Pen U 2002 Detection of galaxy spin alignments in the point source catalog redshift survey shear field Astrophys. J. Lett. 567 L111-4
    • (2002) Astrophys. J. Lett. , vol.567
    • Lee, J.1    Pen, U.2
  • 271
    • 1542646347 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Automatic detection of arcs and arclets formed by gravitational lensing
    • Lenzen F, Schindler S and Scherzer O 2004 Automatic detection of arcs and arclets formed by gravitational lensing Astron. Astrophys. 416 391-401
    • (2004) Astron. Astrophys. , vol.416 , pp. 391-401
    • Lenzen, F.1    Schindler, S.2    Scherzer, O.3
  • 272
    • 18444409375 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Lensed CMB simulation and parameter estimation
    • Lewis A 2005 Lensed CMB simulation and parameter estimation Phys. Rev. D 71 083008
    • (2005) Phys. Rev. D , vol.71 , pp. 083008
    • Lewis, A.1
  • 273
    • 33645990267 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Weak gravitational lensing of the CMB
    • Lewis A and Challinor A 2006 Weak gravitational lensing of the CMB Phys. Rep. 429 1-65
    • (2006) Phys. Rep. , vol.429 , pp. 1-65
    • Lewis, A.1    Challinor, A.2
  • 274
    • 0040843363 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • X-ray mass estimates at Z ∼ 0.3 for the Canadian network for observational cosmology cluster sample
    • Lewis A D, Ellingson E, Morris S L and Carlberg R G 1999 X-ray mass estimates at Z ∼ 0.3 for the Canadian network for observational cosmology cluster sample Astrophys. J. 517 587-608
    • (1999) Astrophys. J. , vol.517 , pp. 587-608
    • Lewis, A.D.1    Ellingson, E.2    Morris, S.L.3    Carlberg, R.G.4
  • 275
    • 34249666747 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The giant arc statistics in the three-yearWilkinson microwave anisotropy probe cosmological model
    • Li G L, Mao S, Jing Y P, Mo H J, Gao L and LinWP 2006 The giant arc statistics in the three-yearWilkinson microwave anisotropy probe cosmological model Mon. Not. R. Astron. Soc. 372 L73-7
    • (2006) Mon. Not. R. Astron. Soc. , vol.372
    • Li, G.L.1    Mao, S.2    Jing, Y.P.3    Mo, H.J.4    Gao, L.5    Lin, W.P.6
  • 276
    • 0000479478 scopus 로고
    • The analysis of counts of the extragalactic nebulae in terms of a fluctuating density field
    • Limber D N 1953 The analysis of counts of the extragalactic nebulae in terms of a fluctuating density field Astrophys. J. 117 134
    • (1953) Astrophys. J. , vol.117 , pp. 134
    • Limber, D.N.1
  • 277
    • 0001582145 scopus 로고
    • The analysis of counts of the extragalactic nebulae in terms of a fluctuating density field: II
    • Limber D N 1954 The analysis of counts of the extragalactic nebulae in terms of a fluctuating density field: II Astrophys. J. 119 655
    • (1954) Astrophys. J. , vol.119 , pp. 655
    • Limber, D.N.1
  • 278
    • 68949168946 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A new window of exploration in the mass spectrum: Strong lensing by galaxy groups in the SL2S
    • Limousin M et al 2009 A new window of exploration in the mass spectrum: strong lensing by galaxy groups in the SL2S Astron. Astrophys. 502 445-56
    • (2009) Astron. Astrophys. , vol.502 , pp. 445-456
    • Limousin, M.1
  • 279
    • 52649171427 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Strong lensing in Abell 1703: Constraints on the slope of the inner dark matter distribution
    • Limousin M et al 2008 Strong lensing in Abell 1703: constraints on the slope of the inner dark matter distribution Astron. Astrophys. 489 23-35
    • (2008) Astron. Astrophys. , vol.489 , pp. 23-35
    • Limousin, M.1
  • 280
    • 0242481098 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cosmological parameters from multiple-arc gravitational lensing systems: I. Smooth lensing potentials
    • Link R and Pierce M J 1998 Cosmological parameters from multiple-arc gravitational lensing systems: I. Smooth lensing potentials Astrophys. J. 502 63
    • (1998) Astrophys. J. , vol.502 , pp. 63
    • Link, R.1    Pierce, M.J.2
  • 281
    • 20144373310 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hubble space telescope ACS weak-lensing analysis of the galaxy cluster RDCS 1252.9-2927 at z = 1.24
    • Lombardi M et al 2005 Hubble space telescope ACS weak-lensing analysis of the galaxy cluster RDCS 1252.9-2927 at z = 1.24 Astrophys. J. 623 42-56
    • (2005) Astrophys. J. , vol.623 , pp. 42-56
    • Lombardi, M.1
  • 283
    • 21444459504 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Detection of weak lensing by a cluster of galaxies at Z = 0.83
    • Luppino G A and Kaiser N 1997 Detection of weak lensing by a cluster of galaxies at Z = 0.83 Astrophys. J. 475 20
    • (1997) Astrophys. J. , vol.475 , pp. 20
    • Luppino, G.A.1    Kaiser, N.2
  • 284
    • 0002042316 scopus 로고
    • Luminous arcs in clusters of galaxies
    • Lynds R and Petrosian V 1989 Luminous arcs in clusters of galaxies Astrophys. J. 336 1-8
    • (1989) Astrophys. J. , vol.336 , pp. 1-8
    • Lynds, R.1    Petrosian, V.2
  • 285
    • 0036570406 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cosmological information from quasar-galaxy correlations induced by weak lensing
    • Ménard B and Bartelmann M 2002 Cosmological information from quasar-galaxy correlations induced by weak lensing Astron. Astrophys. 386 784-95
    • (2002) Astron. Astrophys. , vol.386 , pp. 784-795
    • Ménard, B.1    Bartelmann, M.2
  • 286
  • 288
    • 0142027107 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Investigating lensing by absorbers in the 2dF-quasar survey
    • Ménard B and Péroux C 2003 Investigating lensing by absorbers in the 2dF-quasar survey Astron. Astrophys. 410 33-43
    • (2003) Astron. Astrophys. , vol.410 , pp. 33-43
    • Ménard, B.1    Péroux, C.2
  • 290
    • 23944457583 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Strong gravitational lensing and dynamical dark energy
    • Macciò A V 2005 Strong gravitational lensing and dynamical dark energy Mon. Not. R. Astron. Soc. 361 1250-6
    • (2005) Mon. Not. R. Astron. Soc. , vol.361 , pp. 1250-1256
    • Macciò, A.V.1
  • 291
    • 33646242248 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The effect of low-mass substructures on the cusp lensing relation
    • Macciò A V and Miranda M 2006 The effect of low-mass substructures on the cusp lensing relation Mon. Not. R. Astron. Soc. 368 599-608
    • (2006) Mon. Not. R. Astron. Soc. , vol.368 , pp. 599-608
    • MacCiò, A.V.1    Miranda, M.2
  • 292
    • 33644606242 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Radial distribution and strong lensing statistics of satellite galaxies and substructure using high-resolution ΛcDM hydrodynamical simulations
    • Macciò A V, Moore B, Stadel J and Diemand J 2006 Radial distribution and strong lensing statistics of satellite galaxies and substructure using high-resolution ΛCDM hydrodynamical simulations Mon. Not. R. Astron. Soc. 366 1529-38
    • (2006) Mon. Not. R. Astron. Soc. , vol.366 , pp. 1529-1538
    • MacCiò, A.V.1    Moore, B.2    Stadel, J.3    Diemand, J.4
  • 294
    • 68149180558 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Detection of a companion lens galaxy using the mid-infrared flux ratios of the gravitationally lensed quasar H1413+117
    • MacLeod C L, Kochanek C S and Agol E 2009 Detection of a companion lens galaxy using the mid-infrared flux ratios of the gravitationally lensed quasar H1413+117 Astrophys. J. 699 1578-83
    • (2009) Astrophys. J. , vol.699 , pp. 1578-1583
    • MacLeod, C.L.1    Kochanek, C.S.2    Agol, E.3
  • 296
    • 0033540419 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cluster mass estimate and a cusp of the mass-density distribution in clusters of galaxies
    • Makino N and Asano K 1999 Cluster mass estimate and a cusp of the mass-density distribution in clusters of galaxies Astrophys. J. 512 9-20
    • (1999) Astrophys. J. , vol.512 , pp. 9-20
    • Makino, N.1    Asano, K.2
  • 298
    • 33645094388 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Detection of large-scale intrinsic ellipticity-density correlation from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey and implications for weak lensing surveys
    • Mandelbaum R, Hirata C M, Ishak M, Seljak U and Brinkmann J 2006 Detection of large-scale intrinsic ellipticity-density correlation from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey and implications for weak lensing surveys Mon. Not. R. Astron. Soc. 367 611-26
    • (2006) Mon. Not. R. Astron. Soc. , vol.367 , pp. 611-626
    • Mandelbaum, R.1    Hirata, C.M.2    Ishak, M.3    Seljak, U.4    Brinkmann, J.5
  • 299
    • 60249084191 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Halo masses for optically selected and for radio-loud AGN from clustering and galaxy-galaxy lensing
    • Mandelbaum R, Li C, Kauffmann G and White S D M 2009 Halo masses for optically selected and for radio-loud AGN from clustering and galaxy-galaxy lensing Mon. Not. R. Astron. Soc. 393 377-92
    • (2009) Mon. Not. R. Astron. Soc. , vol.393 , pp. 377-392
    • Mandelbaum, R.1    Li, C.2    Kauffmann, G.3    White, S.D.M.4
  • 302
    • 69549086185 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Galaxy density profiles and shapes: II. Selection biases in strong lensing surveys
    • Mandelbaum R, van de Ven G and Keeton C R 2009 Galaxy density profiles and shapes: II. Selection biases in strong lensing surveys Mon. Not. R. Astron. Soc. 398 635-57
    • (2009) Mon. Not. R. Astron. Soc. , vol.398 , pp. 635-657
    • Mandelbaum, R.1    Van De Ven, G.2    Keeton, C.R.3
  • 303
    • 2442431654 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Anomalous flux ratios in gravitational lenses: For or against cold dark matter?
    • Mao S, Jing Y, Ostriker J P and Weller J 2004 Anomalous flux ratios in gravitational lenses: for or against cold dark matter? Astrophys. J. Lett. 604 L5-8
    • (2004) Astrophys. J. Lett. , vol.604
    • Mao, S.1    Jing, Y.2    Ostriker, J.P.3    Weller, J.4
  • 304
    • 12044250580 scopus 로고
    • Gravitational microlensing by double stars and planetary systems
    • Mao S and Paczynski B 1991 Gravitational microlensing by double stars and planetary systems Astrophys. J. Lett. 374 L37-40
    • (1991) Astrophys. J. Lett. , vol.374
    • Mao, S.1    Paczynski, B.2
  • 305
    • 0000956534 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Evidence for substructure in lens galaxies?
    • Mao S and Schneider P 1998 Evidence for substructure in lens galaxies? Mon. Not. R. Astron. Soc. 295 587
    • (1998) Mon. Not. R. Astron. Soc. , vol.295 , pp. 587
    • Mao, S.1    Schneider, P.2
  • 309
    • 0041813233 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Maximum-entropy weak lens reconstruction: Improved methods and application to data
    • Marshall P J, Hobson M P, Gull S F and Bridle S L 2002 Maximum-entropy weak lens reconstruction: improved methods and application to data Mon. Not. R. Astron. Soc. 335 1037-48
    • (2002) Mon. Not. R. Astron. Soc. , vol.335 , pp. 1037-1048
    • Marshall, P.J.1    Hobson, M.P.2    Gull, S.F.3    Bridle, S.L.4
  • 310
    • 24544444718 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The effect of weak gravitational lensing on the cosmic microwave background anisotropy: Flat versus open universe models
    • Martinez-Gonzalez E, Sanz J L and Cayon L 1997 The effect of weak gravitational lensing on the cosmic microwave background anisotropy: flat versus open universe models Astrophys. J. 484 1
    • (1997) Astrophys. J. , vol.484 , pp. 1
    • Martinez-Gonzalez, E.1    Sanz, J.L.2    Cayon, L.3
  • 311
    • 33947196378 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The shear testing programme 2. Factors affecting high-precision weak-lensing analyses
    • Massey R et al 2007 The shear testing programme 2. Factors affecting high-precision weak-lensing analyses Mon. Not. R. Astron. Soc. 376 13-38
    • (2007) Mon. Not. R. Astron. Soc. , vol.376 , pp. 13-38
    • Massey, R.1
  • 313
    • 35348838305 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • COSMOS: Three-dimensional weak lensing and the growth of structure
    • Massey R et al 2007 COSMOS: three-dimensional weak lensing and the growth of structure Astrophys. J. Suppl. 172 239-53
    • (2007) Astrophys. J. Suppl. , vol.172 , pp. 239-253
    • Massey, R.1
  • 314
    • 3142668458 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Weak lensing from space: II. Dark matter mapping
    • Massey R et al 2004 Weak lensing from space: II. Dark matter mapping Astron. J. 127 3089-101
    • (2004) Astron. J. , vol.127 , pp. 3089-3101
    • Massey, R.1
  • 316
    • 77956426608 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • An analytic approach to number counts of weak-lensing peak detections
    • Maturi M, Angrick C, Pace F and BartelmannM2010 An analytic approach to number counts of weak-lensing peak detections Astron. Astrophys. 519 A23
    • (2010) Astron. Astrophys. , vol.519
    • Maturi, M.1    Angrick, C.2    Pace, F.3    Bartelmann, M.4
  • 320
    • 0000884052 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Probing the universe with weak lensing
    • Mellier Y 1999 Probing the universe with weak lensing Annu. Rev. Astron. Astrophys. 37 127-89
    • (1999) Annu. Rev. Astron. Astrophys. , vol.37 , pp. 127-189
    • Mellier, Y.1
  • 321
    • 0002313585 scopus 로고
    • The dark matter distribution in MS 2137-23 from the modeling of the multiple arc systems
    • Mellier Y, Fort B and Kneib J 1993 The dark matter distribution in MS 2137-23 from the modeling of the multiple arc systems Astrophys. J. 407 33-45
    • (1993) Astrophys. J. , vol.407 , pp. 33-45
    • Mellier, Y.1    Fort, B.2    Kneib, J.3
  • 323
    • 84858536748 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Detecting and interpreting statistical lensing by absorbers
    • Ménard B 2005 Detecting and interpreting statistical lensing by absorbers Astrophys. J. 630 28-37
    • (2005) Astrophys. J. , vol.630 , pp. 28-37
    • Ménard, B.1
  • 326
    • 35148886167 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The effects of ellipticity and substructure on estimates of cluster density profiles based on lensing and kinematics
    • Meneghetti M, Bartelmann M, Jenkins A and Frenk C 2007 The effects of ellipticity and substructure on estimates of cluster density profiles based on lensing and kinematics Mon. Not. R. Astron. Soc. 381 171-86
    • (2007) Mon. Not. R. Astron. Soc. , vol.381 , pp. 171-186
    • Meneghetti, M.1    Bartelmann, M.2    Jenkins, A.3    Frenk, C.4
  • 327
    • 0344924993 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • CD galaxy contribution to the strong lensing crosssections of galaxy clusters
    • Meneghetti M, Bartelmann M and Moscardini L 2003 cD galaxy contribution to the strong lensing crosssections of galaxy clusters Mon. Not. R. Astron. Soc. 346 67-77
    • (2003) Mon. Not. R. Astron. Soc. , vol.346 , pp. 67-77
    • Meneghetti, M.1    Bartelmann, M.2    Moscardini, L.3
  • 328
    • 0141546630 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cluster cross-sections for strong lensing: Analytic and numerical lens models
    • Meneghetti M, Bartelmann M and Moscardini L 2003 Cluster cross-sections for strong lensing: analytic and numerical lens models Mon. Not. R. Astron. Soc. 340 105-14
    • (2003) Mon. Not. R. Astron. Soc. , vol.340 , pp. 105-114
    • Meneghetti, M.1    Bartelmann, M.2    Moscardini, L.3
  • 334
    • 0042330380 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The detection of pure dark matter objects with bent multiply imaged radio jets
    • Metcalf R B 2002 The detection of pure dark matter objects with bent multiply imaged radio jets Astrophys. J. 580 696-704
    • (2002) Astrophys. J. , vol.580 , pp. 696-704
    • Metcalf, R.B.1
  • 335
    • 25444481871 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The importance of intergalactic structure to gravitationally lensed quasars
    • Metcalf R B 2005 The importance of intergalactic structure to gravitationally lensed quasars Astrophys. J. 629 673-9
    • (2005) Astrophys. J. , vol.629 , pp. 673-679
    • Metcalf, R.B.1
  • 336
    • 21944447464 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Gravitational magnification of the cosmic microwave background
    • Metcalf R B and Silk J 1997 Gravitational magnification of the cosmic microwave background Astrophys. J. 489 1
    • (1997) Astrophys. J. , vol.489 , pp. 1
    • Metcalf, R.B.1    Silk, J.2
  • 337
    • 0041753588 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Flux ratios as a probe of dark substructures in quadruple-image gravitational lenses
    • Metcalf R B and Zhao H 2002 Flux ratios as a probe of dark substructures in quadruple-image gravitational lenses Astrophys. J. Lett. 567 L5-8
    • (2002) Astrophys. J. Lett. , vol.567
    • Metcalf, R.B.1    Zhao, H.2
  • 339
    • 4243855703 scopus 로고
    • The correlation function of galaxy ellipticities produced by gravitational lensing
    • Miralda Escudé J 1991 The correlation function of galaxy ellipticities produced by gravitational lensing Astrophys. J. 380 1-8
    • (1991) Astrophys. J. , vol.380 , pp. 1-8
    • Miralda Escudé, J.1
  • 340
    • 12044258389 scopus 로고
    • Statistics of highly magnified gravitational images in clusters of galaxies. Part I: Implications for the clusters. Part II: Implications for the sources
    • Miralda Escudé J 1993 Statistics of highly magnified gravitational images in clusters of galaxies. Part I: implications for the clusters. Part II: implications for the sources Astrophys. J. 403 497-516
    • (1993) Astrophys. J. , vol.403 , pp. 497-516
    • Miralda Escudé, J.1
  • 341
    • 11944258431 scopus 로고
    • Gravitational lensing by a cluster of galaxies and the central cD galaxy: Measuring the mass profile
    • Miralda Escudé J 1995 Gravitational lensing by a cluster of galaxies and the central cD galaxy: measuring the mass profile Astrophys. J. 438 514-26
    • (1995) Astrophys. J. , vol.438 , pp. 514-526
    • Miralda Escudé, J.1
  • 342
    • 0037866086 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A test of the collisional dark matter hypothesis from cluster lensing
    • Miralda Escudé J 2002 A test of the collisional dark matter hypothesis from cluster lensing Astrophys. J. 564 60-4
    • (2002) Astrophys. J. , vol.564 , pp. 60-64
    • Miralda Escudé, J.1
  • 343
    • 11944263762 scopus 로고
    • Gravitational lensing in clusters of galaxies: New clues regarding the dynamics of intracluster gas
    • Miralda Escudé J and Babul A 1995 Gravitational lensing in clusters of galaxies: new clues regarding the dynamics of intracluster gas Astrophys. J. 449 18
    • (1995) Astrophys. J. , vol.449 , pp. 18
    • Miralda Escudé, J.1    Babul, A.2
  • 345
    • 36549030233 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Constraining warm dark matter using QSO gravitational lensing
    • Miranda M and Macciò A V 2007 Constraining warm dark matter using QSO gravitational lensing Mon. Not. R. Astron. Soc. 382 1225-32
    • (2007) Mon. Not. R. Astron. Soc. , vol.382 , pp. 1225-1232
    • Miranda, M.1    MacCiò, A.V.2
  • 346
    • 41649109404 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The dynamical state of RX J1347.5-1145 from a combined strong lensing and X-ray analysis
    • Miranda M, Sereno M, de Filippis E and Paolillo M 2008 The dynamical state of RX J1347.5-1145 from a combined strong lensing and X-ray analysis Mon. Not. R. Astron. Soc. 385 511-8
    • (2008) Mon. Not. R. Astron. Soc. , vol.385 , pp. 511-518
    • Miranda, M.1    Sereno, M.2    De Filippis, E.3    Paolillo, M.4
  • 348
    • 0042410536 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Searching for dark matter halos in the suprime-cam 2 square degree field
    • Miyazaki S et al 2002 Searching for dark matter halos in the suprime-cam 2 square degree field Astrophys. J. Lett. 580 L97-100
    • (2002) Astrophys. J. Lett. , vol.580
    • Miyazaki, S.1
  • 349
    • 0003149850 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Angular cross-correlation of galaxies - A probe of gravitational lensing by large-scale structure
    • Moessner R and Jain B 1998 Angular cross-correlation of galaxies - a probe of gravitational lensing by large-scale structure Mon. Not. R. Astron. Soc. 294 L18-24
    • (1998) Mon. Not. R. Astron. Soc. , vol.294
    • Moessner, R.1    Jain, B.2
  • 350
    • 0000129460 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The effect of weak lensing on the angular correlation function of faint galaxies
    • Moessner R, Jain B and Villumsen J V 1998 The effect of weak lensing on the angular correlation function of faint galaxies Mon. Not. R. Astron. Soc. 294 291
    • (1998) Mon. Not. R. Astron. Soc. , vol.294 , pp. 291
    • Moessner, R.1    Jain, B.2    Villumsen, J.V.3
  • 351
    • 0035486183 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Radial arc statistics: A powerful new probe of the central density profile of galaxy clusters
    • Molikawa K and Hattori M 2001 Radial arc statistics: a powerful new probe of the central density profile of galaxy clusters Astrophys. J. 559 544-51
    • (2001) Astrophys. J. , vol.559 , pp. 544-551
    • Molikawa, K.1    Hattori, M.2
  • 352
    • 0040155235 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The giant luminous arc statistics: II. Spherical lens models based on ROSAT HRI data
    • Molikawa K, Hattori M, Kneib J and Yamashita K 1999 The giant luminous arc statistics: II. Spherical lens models based on ROSAT HRI data Astron. Astrophys. 351 413-32
    • (1999) Astron. Astrophys. , vol.351 , pp. 413-432
    • Molikawa, K.1    Hattori, M.2    Kneib, J.3    Yamashita, K.4
  • 353
    • 77950293847 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Unveiling the three-dimensional structure of galaxy clusters: Resolving the discrepancy between X-ray and lensing masses
    • Morandi A, Pedersen K and Limousin M 2010 Unveiling the three-dimensional structure of galaxy clusters: resolving the discrepancy between X-ray and lensing masses Astrophys. J. 713 491-502
    • (2010) Astrophys. J. , vol.713 , pp. 491-502
    • Morandi, A.1    Pedersen, K.2    Limousin, M.3
  • 356
    • 0037719419 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • How sensitive are weak lensing statistics to dark energy content?
    • Munshi D and Wang Y 2003 How sensitive are weak lensing statistics to dark energy content? Astrophys. J. 583 566-74
    • (2003) Astrophys. J. , vol.583 , pp. 566-574
    • Munshi, D.1    Wang, Y.2
  • 358
    • 0000144766 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Gravitational lensing
    • ed A Dekel and J P Ostriker (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press)
    • Narayan R and Bartelmann M 1999 Gravitational lensing Formation of Structure in the Universe ed A Dekel and J P Ostriker (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press) p 360
    • (1999) Formation of Structure in the Universe , pp. 360
    • Narayan, R.1    Bartelmann, M.2
  • 359
    • 0002238412 scopus 로고
    • Gravitational lensing in a cold dark matter universe
    • Narayan R and White S D M 1988 Gravitational lensing in a cold dark matter universe Mon. Not. R. Astron. Soc. 231 97
    • (1988) Mon. Not. R. Astron. Soc. , vol.231 , pp. 97
    • Narayan, R.1    White, S.D.M.2
  • 360
    • 4244052029 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Lensing by galaxy haloes in clusters of galaxies
    • Natarajan P and Kneib J 1997 Lensing by galaxy haloes in clusters of galaxies Mon. Not. R. Astron. Soc. 287 833-47
    • (1997) Mon. Not. R. Astron. Soc. , vol.287 , pp. 833-847
    • Natarajan, P.1    Kneib, J.2
  • 361
    • 0037888114 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Evidence for tidal stripping of dark matter halos in massive cluster lenses
    • Natarajan P, Kneib J and Smail I 2002 Evidence for tidal stripping of dark matter halos in massive cluster lenses Astrophys. J. Lett. 580 L11-5
    • (2002) Astrophys. J. Lett. , vol.580
    • Natarajan, P.1    Kneib, J.2    Smail, I.3
  • 362
    • 0043234469 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Constraints on the collisional nature of the dark matter from gravitational lensing in the cluster A2218
    • 1 II DOI 10.1086/345547
    • Natarajan P, Loeb A, Kneib J and Smail I 2002 Constraints on the collisional nature of the dark matter from gravitational lensing in the cluster A2218 Astrophys. J. Lett. 580 L17-20 (Pubitemid 37103581)
    • (2002) Astrophysical Journal , vol.580
    • Natarajan, P.1    Loeb, A.2    Kneib, J.-P.3    Smail, I.4
  • 364
    • 21944443104 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A universal density profile from hierarchical clustering
    • Navarro J F, Frenk C S and White S D M 1997 A universal density profile from hierarchical clustering Astrophys. J. 490 493
    • (1997) Astrophys. J. , vol.490 , pp. 493
    • Navarro, J.F.1    Frenk, C.S.2    White, S.D.M.3
  • 365
    • 0012433760 scopus 로고
    • Note on the Bondi-Metzner-Sachs group
    • Newman E T and Penrose R 1966 Note on the Bondi-Metzner-Sachs group J. Math. Phys. 7 863-70
    • (1966) J. Math. Phys. , vol.7 , pp. 863-870
    • Newman, E.T.1    Penrose, R.2
  • 366
    • 0142055612 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Quasar-galaxy correlations: A detection of magnification bias
    • Norman D J and Impey C D 2001 Quasar-galaxy correlations: a detection of magnification bias Astron. J. 121 2392-404
    • (2001) Astron. J. , vol.121 , pp. 2392-2404
    • Norman, D.J.1    Impey, C.D.2
  • 367
    • 23044520767 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Weak lensing-induced correlations between 1 JY QSOS and APM galaxies on angular scales of a degree
    • Norman D J and Williams L L R 2000 Weak lensing-induced correlations between 1 JY QSOS and APM galaxies on angular scales of a degree Astron. J. 119 2060-7
    • (2000) Astron. J. , vol.119 , pp. 2060-2067
    • Norman, D.J.1    Williams, L.L.R.2
  • 368
    • 34249058397 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Gravitational lens time delays: A statistical assessment of lens model dependences and implications for the global Hubble constant
    • Oguri M 2007 Gravitational lens time delays: a statistical assessment of lens model dependences and implications for the global Hubble constant Astrophys. J. 660 1-15
    • (2007) Astrophys. J. , vol.660 , pp. 1-15
    • Oguri, M.1
  • 369
    • 42149117361 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The Sloan Digital Sky Survey quasar lens search: III. Constraints on dark energy from the third data release quasar lens catalog
    • Oguri M et al 2008 The Sloan Digital Sky Survey quasar lens search: III. Constraints on dark energy from the third data release quasar lens catalog Astron. J. 135 512-9
    • (2008) Astron. J. , vol.135 , pp. 512-519
    • Oguri, M.1
  • 370
    • 4043170645 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of triaxiality on the statistics of large-separation gravitational lenses
    • Oguri M and Keeton C R 2004 Effects of triaxiality on the statistics of large-separation gravitational lenses Astrophys. J. 610 663-72
    • (2004) Astrophys. J. , vol.610 , pp. 663-672
    • Oguri, M.1    Keeton, C.R.2
  • 371
    • 0347693312 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Arc statistics in triaxial dark matter halos: Testing the collisionless cold dark matter paradigm
    • Oguri M, Lee J and Suto Y 2003 Arc statistics in triaxial dark matter halos: testing the collisionless cold dark matter paradigm Astrophys. J. 599 7-23
    • (2003) Astrophys. J. , vol.599 , pp. 7-23
    • Oguri, M.1    Lee, J.2    Suto, Y.3
  • 372
    • 0035486075 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Probing the core structure of dark halos with tangential and radial arc statistics
    • Oguri M, Taruya A and Suto Y 2001 Probing the core structure of dark halos with tangential and radial arc statistics Astrophys. J. 559 572-83
    • (2001) Astrophys. J. , vol.559 , pp. 572-583
    • Oguri, M.1    Taruya, A.2    Suto, Y.3
  • 373
    • 4344673046 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cosmic microwave background lensing reconstruction on the full sky
    • Okamoto T and Hu W 2003 Cosmic microwave background lensing reconstruction on the full sky Phys. Rev. D 67 083002
    • (2003) Phys. Rev. D , vol.67 , pp. 083002
    • Okamoto, T.1    Hu, W.2
  • 374
    • 22044450555 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • ASCA observations of the lensing clusters CL 0500-24, CL 2244-02, and A370: Mass determinations and comparisons
    • Ota N,Mitsuda K and Fukazawa Y 1998 ASCA observations of the lensing clusters CL 0500-24, CL 2244-02, and A370: mass determinations and comparisons Astrophys. J. 495 170
    • (1998) Astrophys. J. , vol.495 , pp. 170
    • Ota Nmitsuda, K.1    Fukazawa, Y.2
  • 376
    • 0002061024 scopus 로고
    • Gravitational microlensing by the galactic halo
    • Paczyński B 1986 Gravitational microlensing by the galactic halo Astrophys. J. 304 1-5
    • (1986) Astrophys. J. , vol.304 , pp. 1-5
    • Paczyński, B.1
  • 377
    • 33750795847 scopus 로고
    • Giant luminous arcs discovered in two clusters of galaxies
    • Paczyński B 1987 Giant luminous arcs discovered in two clusters of galaxies Nature 325 572
    • (1987) Nature , vol.325 , pp. 572
    • Paczyński, B.1
  • 378
    • 77950262868 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The Hubble constant inferred from 18 time-delay lenses
    • Paraficz D and Hjorth J 2010 The Hubble constant inferred from 18 time-delay lenses Astrophys. J. 712 1378-84
    • (2010) Astrophys. J. , vol.712 , pp. 1378-1384
    • Paraficz, D.1    Hjorth, J.2
  • 379
    • 39049170194 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The masses and shapes of dark matter halos from galaxy-galaxy lensing in the CFHT legacy survey
    • Parker L C, Hoekstra H, Hudson M J, van Waerbeke L and Mellier Y 2007 The masses and shapes of dark matter halos from galaxy-galaxy lensing in the CFHT legacy survey Astrophys. J. 669 21-31
    • (2007) Astrophys. J. , vol.669 , pp. 21-31
    • Parker, L.C.1    Hoekstra, H.2    Hudson, M.J.3    Van Waerbeke, L.4    Mellier, Y.5
  • 381
    • 0037561231 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The POINT-AGAPE survey: 4 high signal-to-noise microlensing candidates detected towards M 31
    • Paulin-Henriksson S et al 2003 The POINT-AGAPE survey: 4 high signal-to-noise microlensing candidates detected towards M 31 Astron. Astrophys. 405 15-21
    • (2003) Astron. Astrophys. , vol.405 , pp. 15-21
    • Paulin-Henriksson, S.1
  • 382
    • 0002345285 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Two multiple-imaged Z = 4.05 galaxies in the cluster-lens Abell 2390
    • Pelló R et al 1999 Two multiple-imaged Z = 4.05 galaxies in the cluster-lens Abell 2390 Astron. Astrophys. 346 359-68
    • (1999) Astron. Astrophys. , vol.346 , pp. 359-368
    • Pelló, R.1
  • 383
    • 0001188612 scopus 로고
    • A straight gravitational image in Abell 2390 - A striking case of lensing by a cluster of galaxies
    • Pelló R, Sanahuja B, Le Borgne J, Soucail G and Mellier Y 1991 A straight gravitational image in Abell 2390 - a striking case of lensing by a cluster of galaxies Astrophys. J. 366 405-11
    • (1991) Astrophys. J. , vol.366 , pp. 405-411
    • Pelló, R.1    Sanahuja, B.2    Le Borgne, J.3    Soucail, G.4    Mellier, Y.5
  • 385
    • 2942564355 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Beating lensing cosmic variance with galaxy tomography
    • Pen U 2004 Beating lensing cosmic variance with galaxy tomography Mon. Not. R. Astron. Soc. 350 1445-8
    • (2004) Mon. Not. R. Astron. Soc. , vol.350 , pp. 1445-1448
    • Pen, U.1
  • 386
    • 1842864975 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Gravitational lensing of epoch-of-reionization gas
    • Pen U 2004 Gravitational lensing of epoch-of-reionization gas New Astron. 9 417-24
    • (2004) New Astron. , vol.9 , pp. 417-424
    • Pen, U.1
  • 390
    • 0000373899 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • X-ray analysis and matter distribution in the lens-cluster Abell 2390
    • Pierre M, Le Borgne J F, Soucail G and Kneib J P 1996 X-ray analysis and matter distribution in the lens-cluster Abell 2390 Astron. Astrophys. 311 413-24
    • (1996) Astron. Astrophys. , vol.311 , pp. 413-424
    • Pierre, M.1    Le Borgne, J.F.2    Soucail, G.3    Kneib, J.P.4
  • 391
    • 17144373243 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Further evidence for a merger in Abell 2218 from an XMM-Newton observation
    • Pratt G W, Böhringer H and Finoguenov A 2005 Further evidence for a merger in Abell 2218 from an XMM-Newton observation Astron. Astrophys. 433 777-85
    • (2005) Astron. Astrophys. , vol.433 , pp. 777-785
    • Pratt, G.W.1    Böhringer, H.2    Finoguenov, A.3
  • 392
    • 0001429631 scopus 로고
    • Formation of galaxies and clusters of galaxies by self-similar gravitational condensation
    • Press W H and Schechter P 1974 Formation of galaxies and clusters of galaxies by self-similar gravitational condensation Astrophys. J. 187 425-38
    • (1974) Astrophys. J. , vol.187 , pp. 425-438
    • Press, W.H.1    Schechter, P.2
  • 394
    • 70249135266 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cluster strong lensing in the millennium simulation: The effect of galaxies and structures along the line-of-sight
    • Puchwein E and Hilbert S 2009 Cluster strong lensing in the millennium simulation: the effect of galaxies and structures along the line-of-sight Mon. Not. R. Astron. Soc. 398 1298-308
    • (2009) Mon. Not. R. Astron. Soc. , vol.398 , pp. 1298-1308
    • Puchwein, E.1    Hilbert, S.2
  • 395
    • 1042279851 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Lensing effects of misaligned disks in dark matter halos
    • Quadri R, Möller O and Natarajan P 2003 Lensing effects of misaligned disks in dark matter halos Astrophys. J. 597 659-71
    • (2003) Astrophys. J. , vol.597 , pp. 659-671
    • Quadri, R.1    Möller, O.2    Natarajan, P.3
  • 396
    • 46349110187 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Constraints on the self-interaction cross section of darkmatter from numerical simulations of themerging galaxy cluster 1E 0657-56
    • Randall S W, Markevitch M, Clowe D, Gonzalez A H and Bradač M 2008 Constraints on the self-interaction cross section of darkmatter from numerical simulations of themerging galaxy cluster 1E 0657-56 Astrophys. J. 679 1173-80
    • (2008) Astrophys. J. , vol.679 , pp. 1173-1180
    • Randall, S.W.1    Markevitch, M.2    Clowe, D.3    Gonzalez, A.H.4    Bradač, M.5
  • 397
    • 35348877820 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Radial density profiles of time-delay lensing galaxies
    • Read J I, Saha P and Macciò A V 2007 Radial density profiles of time-delay lensing galaxies Astrophys. J. 667 645-54
    • (2007) Astrophys. J. , vol.667 , pp. 645-654
    • Read, J.I.1    Saha, P.2    MacCiò, A.V.3
  • 398
    • 0008650741 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Projection effects in mass-selected galaxy-cluster samples
    • Reblinsky K and Bartelmann M 1999 Projection effects in mass-selected galaxy-cluster samples Astron. Astrophys. 345 1-16
    • (1999) Astron. Astrophys. , vol.345 , pp. 1-16
    • Reblinsky, K.1    Bartelmann, M.2
  • 399
    • 0242509066 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Weak gravitational lensing by large-scale structure
    • Refregier A 2003Weak gravitational lensing by large-scale structure Annu. Rev. Astron. Astrophys. 41 645-68
    • (2003) Annu. Rev. Astron. Astrophys. , vol.41 , pp. 645-668
    • Refregier, A.1
  • 400
    • 67650986301 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The Dark UNiverse Explorer (DUNE): Proposal to ESA's cosmic vision
    • Refregier A 2009 The Dark UNiverse Explorer (DUNE): proposal to ESA's cosmic vision Exp. Astron. 23 17-37
    • (2009) Exp. Astron. , vol.23 , pp. 17-37
    • Refregier, A.1
  • 402
    • 0000919864 scopus 로고
    • On the possibility of determining Hubble's parameter and the masses of galaxies from the gravitational lens effect
    • Refsdal S 1964 On the possibility of determining Hubble's parameter and the masses of galaxies from the gravitational lens effect Mon. Not. R. Astron. Soc. 128 307
    • (1964) Mon. Not. R. Astron. Soc. , vol.128 , pp. 307
    • Refsdal, S.1
  • 404
    • 53649084352 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A Hubble and Spitzer space telescope survey for gravitationally lensed galaxies: Further evidence for a significant population of low-luminosity galaxies beyond z = 7
    • Richard J, Stark D P, Ellis R S, George M R, Egami E, Kneib J-P and Smith G P 2008 A Hubble and Spitzer space telescope survey for gravitationally lensed galaxies: further evidence for a significant population of low-luminosity galaxies beyond z = 7 Astrophys. J. 685 705-24
    • (2008) Astrophys. J. , vol.685 , pp. 705-724
    • Richard, J.1    Stark, D.P.2    Ellis, R.S.3    George, M.R.4    Egami, E.5    Kneib, J.-P.6    Smith, G.P.7
  • 405
  • 406
    • 52049087354 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The M31 microlensing event WeCAPP-GL1/POINT-AGAPE-S3: Evidence for a MACHO component in the dark halo of M31?
    • Riffeser A, Seitz S and Bender R 2008 The M31 microlensing event WeCAPP-GL1/POINT-AGAPE-S3: evidence for a MACHO component in the dark halo of M31? Astrophys. J. 684 1093-109
    • (2008) Astrophys. J. , vol.684 , pp. 1093-1109
    • Riffeser, A.1    Seitz, S.2    Bender, R.3
  • 407
    • 34548445987 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Contribution of the cosmological constant to the relativistic bending of light revisited
    • Rindler W and Ishak M 2007 Contribution of the cosmological constant to the relativistic bending of light revisited Phys. Rev. D 76 043006
    • (2007) Phys. Rev. D , vol.76 , pp. 043006
    • Rindler, W.1    Ishak, M.2
  • 408
    • 0001449752 scopus 로고
    • Statistical association of QSO's with foreground galaxy clusters
    • Rodrigues-Williams L L and Hogan C J 1994 Statistical association of QSO's with foreground galaxy clusters Astron. J. 107 451-60
    • (1994) Astron. J. , vol.107 , pp. 451-460
    • Rodrigues-Williams, L.L.1    Hogan, C.J.2
  • 409
    • 20444431289 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The evolution and structure of early-type field galaxies: A combined statistical analysis of gravitational lenses
    • Rusin D and Kochanek C S 2005 The evolution and structure of early-type field galaxies: a combined statistical analysis of gravitational lenses Astrophys. J. 623 666-82
    • (2005) Astrophys. J. , vol.623 , pp. 666-682
    • Rusin, D.1    Kochanek, C.S.2
  • 410
    • 0141819053 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Self-similar models for the mass profiles of early-type lens galaxies
    • Rusin D, Kochanek C S and Keeton C R 2003 Self-similar models for the mass profiles of early-type lens galaxies Astrophys. J. 595 29-42
    • (2003) Astrophys. J. , vol.595 , pp. 29-42
    • Rusin, D.1    Kochanek, C.S.2    Keeton, C.R.3
  • 411
    • 0035284887 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Constraints on the inner mass profiles of lensing galaxies from missing odd images
    • DOI 10.1086/319129
    • Rusin D and Ma C 2001 Constraints on the inner mass profiles of lensing galaxies from missing odd images Astrophys. J. Lett. 549 L33-7 (Pubitemid 33574365)
    • (2001) Astrophysical Journal , vol.549 , Issue.1 PART 2
    • Rusin, D.1    Ma, C.-P.2
  • 414
    • 34547143137 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Meso-structure in three strong-lensing systems
    • Saha P, Williams L L R and Ferreras I 2007 Meso-structure in three strong-lensing systems Astrophys. J. 663 29-37
    • (2007) Astrophys. J. , vol.663 , pp. 29-37
    • Saha, P.1    Williams, L.L.R.2    Ferreras, I.3
  • 415
    • 0001582159 scopus 로고
    • Microlensing events of the LMCare better explained by starswithin the LMCthan byMACHOs
    • SahuKC 1994 Microlensing events of the LMCare better explained by starswithin the LMCthan byMACHOs Publ. Astron. Soc. Pac. 106 942-8
    • (1994) Publ. Astron. Soc. Pac. , vol.106 , pp. 942-948
    • Sahu, K.C.1
  • 416
    • 2442452725 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The dark matter distribution in the central regions of galaxy clusters: Implications for cold dark matter
    • Sand D J, Treu T, Smith G P and Ellis R S 2004 The dark matter distribution in the central regions of galaxy clusters: implications for cold dark matter Astrophys. J. 604 88-107
    • (2004) Astrophys. J. , vol.604 , pp. 88-107
    • Sand, D.J.1    Treu, T.2    Smith, G.P.3    Ellis, R.S.4
  • 417
    • 33745274110 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Weak lensing in the second post-Newtonian approximation: Gravitomagnetic potentials and the integrated Sachs-Wolfe effect
    • Schäfer B M and Bartelmann M 2006 Weak lensing in the second post-Newtonian approximation: gravitomagnetic potentials and the integrated Sachs-Wolfe effect Mon. Not. R. Astron. Soc. 369 425-40
    • (2006) Mon. Not. R. Astron. Soc. , vol.369 , pp. 425-440
    • Schäfer, B.M.1    Bartelmann, M.2
  • 418
    • 0041909377 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Quasar microlensing at high magnification and the role of dark matter: Enhanced fluctuations and suppressed saddle points
    • Schechter P L andWambsganss J 2002 Quasar microlensing at high magnification and the role of dark matter: enhanced fluctuations and suppressed saddle points Astrophys. J. 580 685-95
    • (2002) Astrophys. J. , vol.580 , pp. 685-695
    • Schechter, P.L.1    Wambsganss, J.2
  • 419
    • 7544241268 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Qualitative aspects of quasar microlensing with two mass components: Magnification patterns and probability distributions
    • Schechter P L, Wambsganss J and Lewis G F 2004 Qualitative aspects of quasar microlensing with two mass components: magnification patterns and probability distributions Astrophys. J. 613 77-85
    • (2004) Astrophys. J. , vol.613 , pp. 77-85
    • Schechter, P.L.1    Wambsganss, J.2    Lewis, G.F.3
  • 420
    • 33846844813 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • GaBoDS: The Garching-Bonn deep survey: IX. A sample of 158 shear-selected mass concentration candidates
    • Schirmer M, Erben T, Hetterscheidt M and Schneider P 2007 GaBoDS: the Garching-Bonn deep survey: IX. A sample of 158 shear-selected mass concentration candidates Astron. Astrophys. 462 875-87
    • (2007) Astron. Astrophys. , vol.462 , pp. 875-887
    • Schirmer, M.1    Erben, T.2    Hetterscheidt, M.3    Schneider, P.4
  • 421
    • 2542528502 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • GaBoDS: The Garching- Bonn deep survey: II. Confirmation of EIS cluster candidates by weak gravitational lensing
    • Schirmer M, Erben T, Schneider P, Wolf C and Meisenheimer K 2004 GaBoDS: the Garching- Bonn deep survey: II. Confirmation of EIS cluster candidates by weak gravitational lensing Astron. Astrophys. 420 75-8
    • (2004) Astron. Astrophys. , vol.420 , pp. 75-78
    • Schirmer, M.1    Erben, T.2    Schneider, P.3    Wolf, C.4    Meisenheimer, K.5
  • 422
    • 0000710735 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Detection of (dark)matter concentrations via weak gravitational lensing
    • Schneider P 1996 Detection of (dark)matter concentrations via weak gravitational lensing Mon. Not. R. Astron. Soc. 283 837-53
    • (1996) Mon. Not. R. Astron. Soc. , vol.283 , pp. 837-853
    • Schneider, P.1
  • 424
    • 33846844814 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The ring statistics - How to separate E- and B-modes of cosmic shear correlation functions on a finite interval
    • Schneider P and Kilbinger M 2007 The ring statistics - how to separate E- and B-modes of cosmic shear correlation functions on a finite interval Astron. Astrophys. 462 841-9
    • (2007) Astron. Astrophys. , vol.462 , pp. 841-849
    • Schneider, P.1    Kilbinger, M.2
  • 426
    • 21444446294 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Quantitative analysis of galaxy-galaxy lensing
    • Schneider P and Rix H 1997 Quantitative analysis of galaxy-galaxy lensing Astrophys. J. 474 25
    • (1997) Astrophys. J. , vol.474 , pp. 25
    • Schneider, P.1    Rix, H.2
  • 427
    • 0036900487 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Analysis of two-point statistics of cosmic shear: I. Estimators and covariances
    • Schneider P, van Waerbeke L, Kilbinger M and Mellier Y 2002 Analysis of two-point statistics of cosmic shear: I. Estimators and covariances Astron. Astrophys. 396 1-19
    • (2002) Astron. Astrophys. , vol.396 , pp. 1-19
    • Schneider, P.1    Van Waerbeke, L.2    Kilbinger, M.3    Mellier, Y.4
  • 428
  • 430
    • 34250769601 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cosmic shear analysis of archival HST/ACS data: I. Comparison of early ACS pure parallel data to the HST/GEMS survey
    • Schrabback T et al 2007 Cosmic shear analysis of archival HST/ACS data: I. Comparison of early ACS pure parallel data to the HST/GEMS survey Astron. Astrophys. 468 823-47
    • (2007) Astron. Astrophys. , vol.468 , pp. 823-847
    • Schrabback, T.1
  • 431
    • 28044435861 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Detection of cosmic magnification with the Sloan Digital Sky Survey
    • Scranton R et al 2005 Detection of cosmic magnification with the Sloan Digital Sky Survey Astrophys. J. 633 589-602
    • (2005) Astrophys. J. , vol.633 , pp. 589-602
    • Scranton, R.1
  • 432
    • 40549107057 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Arcfinder: An algorithm for the automatic detection of gravitational arcs
    • Seidel G and Bartelmann M 2007 Arcfinder: an algorithm for the automatic detection of gravitational arcs Astron. Astrophys. 472 341-52
    • (2007) Astron. Astrophys. , vol.472 , pp. 341-352
    • Seidel, G.1    Bartelmann, M.2
  • 433
    • 0000075189 scopus 로고
    • Steps towards nonlinear cluster inversion through gravitational distortions II. Generalization of the Kaiser and Squires method
    • Seitz C and Schneider P 1995 Steps towards nonlinear cluster inversion through gravitational distortions II. Generalization of the Kaiser and Squires method Astron. Astrophys. 297 287
    • (1995) Astron. Astrophys. , vol.297 , pp. 287
    • Seitz, C.1    Schneider, P.2
  • 434
    • 4243483547 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cluster lens reconstruction using only observed local data: An improved finite-field inversion technique
    • Seitz S and Schneider P 1996 Cluster lens reconstruction using only observed local data: an improved finite-field inversion technique Astron. Astrophys. 305 383
    • (1996) Astron. Astrophys. , vol.305 , pp. 383
    • Seitz, S.1    Schneider, P.2
  • 435
    • 0001685905 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Entropy-regularized maximum-likelihood cluster mass reconstruction
    • Seitz S, Schneider P and Bartelmann M 1998 Entropy-regularized maximum-likelihood cluster mass reconstruction Astron. Astrophys. 337 325-37
    • (1998) Astron. Astrophys. , vol.337 , pp. 325-337
    • Seitz, S.1    Schneider, P.2    Bartelmann, M.3
  • 436
    • 33847209293 scopus 로고
    • Light propagation in arbitrary spacetimes and the gravitational lens approximation
    • Seitz S, Schneider P and Ehlers J 1994 Light propagation in arbitrary spacetimes and the gravitational lens approximation Class. Quantum Grav. 11 2345-73
    • (1994) Class. Quantum Grav. , vol.11 , pp. 2345-2373
    • Seitz, S.1    Schneider, P.2    Ehlers, J.3
  • 437
    • 0001975452 scopus 로고
    • Statistical analysis of catalogs of extragalactic objects: XI. Evidence of correlation of QSOs and Lick galaxy counts
    • Seldner M and Peebles P J E 1979 Statistical analysis of catalogs of extragalactic objects: XI. Evidence of correlation of QSOs and Lick galaxy counts Astrophys. J. 227 30-6
    • (1979) Astrophys. J. , vol.227 , pp. 30-36
    • Seldner, M.1    Peebles, P.J.E.2
  • 438
    • 21344472298 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Gravitational lensing effect on cosmic microwave background anisotropies: A power spectrum approach
    • Seljak U 1996 Gravitational lensing effect on cosmic microwave background anisotropies: a power spectrum approach Astrophys. J. 463 1
    • (1996) Astrophys. J. , vol.463 , pp. 1
    • Seljak, U.1
  • 439
    • 0041758463 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Constraints on galaxy halo profiles from galaxy-galaxy lensing and Tully-Fisher/fundamental plane relations
    • Seljak U 2002 Constraints on galaxy halo profiles from galaxy-galaxy lensing and Tully-Fisher/fundamental plane relations Mon. Not. R. Astron. Soc. 334 797-804
    • (2002) Mon. Not. R. Astron. Soc. , vol.334 , pp. 797-804
    • Seljak, U.1
  • 440
    • 0008878002 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A line-of-sight integration approach to cosmic microwave background anisotropies
    • Seljak U and Zaldarriaga M 1996 A line-of-sight integration approach to cosmic microwave background anisotropies Astrophys. J. 469 437
    • (1996) Astrophys. J. , vol.469 , pp. 437
    • Seljak, U.1    Zaldarriaga, M.2
  • 441
    • 33744965686 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cosmic shear analysis with CFHTLS deep data
    • Semboloni E et al 2006 Cosmic shear analysis with CFHTLS deep data Astron. Astrophys. 452 51-61
    • (2006) Astron. Astrophys. , vol.452 , pp. 51-61
    • Semboloni, E.1
  • 443
    • 0142260939 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Gravitational lensing by stars with angular momentum
    • Sereno M 2003 Gravitational lensing by stars with angular momentum Mon. Not. R. Astron. Soc. 344 942-50
    • (2003) Mon. Not. R. Astron. Soc. , vol.344 , pp. 942-950
    • Sereno, M.1
  • 444
    • 33645666700 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The Born and lens lens corrections to weak gravitational lensing angular power spectra
    • JCAP03(2006)007
    • Shapiro C and Cooray A 2006 The Born and lens lens corrections to weak gravitational lensing angular power spectra J. Cosmol. Astropart. Phys. JCAP03(2006)007
    • (2006) J. Cosmol. Astropart. Phys.
    • Shapiro, C.1    Cooray, A.2
  • 445
    • 0040186013 scopus 로고
    • Testing general relativity with radar
    • Shapiro I I 1966 Testing general relativity with radar Phys. Rev. 141 1219-22
    • (1966) Phys. Rev. , vol.141 , pp. 1219-1222
    • Shapiro, I.I.1
  • 447
    • 0035919407 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Weak-lensing measurements of 42 SDSS/RASS galaxy clusters
    • Sheldon E S et al 2001 Weak-lensing measurements of 42 SDSS/RASS galaxy clusters Astrophys. J. 554 881-7
    • (2001) Astrophys. J. , vol.554 , pp. 881-887
    • Sheldon, E.S.1
  • 448
    • 2942675124 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The galaxy-mass correlation function measured from weak lensing in the Sloan Digital Sky Survey
    • Sheldon E S et al 2004 The galaxy-mass correlation function measured from weak lensing in the Sloan Digital Sky Survey Astron. J. 127 2544-64
    • (2004) Astron. J. , vol.127 , pp. 2544-2564
    • Sheldon, E.S.1
  • 449
    • 70549113268 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cross-correlation weak lensing of SDSS Galaxy clusters: III. Mass-to-light ratios
    • Sheldon E S et al 2009 Cross-correlation weak lensing of SDSS Galaxy clusters: III. Mass-to-light ratios Astrophys. J. 703 2232-48
    • (2009) Astrophys. J. , vol.703 , pp. 2232-2248
    • Sheldon, E.S.1
  • 450
    • 70549100086 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cross-correlation weak lensing of SDSS Galaxy clusters: I. Measurements
    • Sheldon E S et al 2009 Cross-correlation weak lensing of SDSS Galaxy clusters: I. Measurements Astrophys. J. 703 2217-31
    • (2009) Astrophys. J. , vol.703 , pp. 2217-2231
    • Sheldon, E.S.1
  • 451
    • 0042025849 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • An excursion set model of hierarchical clustering: Ellipsoidal collapse and the moving barrier
    • Sheth R K and Tormen G 2002 An excursion set model of hierarchical clustering: ellipsoidal collapse and the moving barrier Mon. Not. R. Astron. Soc. 329 61-75
    • (2002) Mon. Not. R. Astron. Soc. , vol.329 , pp. 61-75
    • Sheth, R.K.1    Tormen, G.2
  • 452
    • 41849137548 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The effect of satellite galaxies on gravitational lensing flux ratios
    • Shin E M and Evans N W 2008 The effect of satellite galaxies on gravitational lensing flux ratios Mon. Not. R. Astron. Soc. 385 2107-16
    • (2008) Mon. Not. R. Astron. Soc. , vol.385 , pp. 2107-2116
    • Shin, E.M.1    Evans, N.W.2
  • 453
  • 454
    • 16544391746 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The covariance of cosmic shear correlation functions and cosmological parameter estimates using redshift information
    • Simon P,King L J and Schneider P 2004 The covariance of cosmic shear correlation functions and cosmological parameter estimates using redshift information Astron. Astrophys. 417 873-85
    • (2004) Astron. Astrophys. , vol.417 , pp. 873-885
    • Simon Pking, L.J.1    Schneider, P.2
  • 457
    • 33846557408 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A very bright, highly magnified Lyman break galaxy at z = 3.07
    • Smail I et al 2007 A very bright, highly magnified Lyman break galaxy at z = 3.07 Astrophys. J. Lett. 654 L33-6
    • (2007) Astrophys. J. Lett. , vol.654
    • Smail, I.1
  • 459
    • 18744396451 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A Hubble space telescope lensing survey of X-ray luminous galaxy clusters: IV. Mass, structure and thermodynamics of cluster cores at z = 0.2
    • Smith G P, Kneib J-P, Smail I, Mazzotta P, Ebeling H and Czoske O 2005 A Hubble space telescope lensing survey of X-ray luminous galaxy clusters: IV. Mass, structure and thermodynamics of cluster cores at z = 0.2 Mon. Not. R. Astron. Soc. 359 417-46
    • (2005) Mon. Not. R. Astron. Soc. , vol.359 , pp. 417-446
    • Smith, G.P.1    Kneib, J.-P.2    Smail, I.3    Mazzotta, P.4    Ebeling, H.5    Czoske, O.6
  • 460
    • 34547859980 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Detection of gravitational lensing in the cosmic microwave background
    • Smith K M, Zahn O and Doré O 2007 Detection of gravitational lensing in the cosmic microwave background Phys. Rev. D 76 043510
    • (2007) Phys. Rev. D , vol.76 , pp. 043510
    • Smith, K.M.1    Zahn, O.2    Doré, O.3
  • 461
    • 0002508456 scopus 로고
    • A blue ring-like structure, in the center of the A 370 cluster of galaxies
    • Soucail G, Fort B, Mellier Y and Picat J P 1987 A blue ring-like structure, in the center of the A 370 cluster of galaxies Astron. Astrophys. 172 L14-6
    • (1987) Astron. Astrophys. , vol.172
    • Soucail, G.1    Fort, B.2    Mellier, Y.3    Picat, J.P.4
  • 462
    • 14544267678 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Multiple-images in the cluster lens abell 2218: Constraining the geometry of the Universe?
    • Soucail G, Kneib J-P and Golse G 2004 Multiple-images in the cluster lens Abell 2218: constraining the geometry of the Universe? Astron. Astrophys. 417 L33-7
    • (2004) Astron. Astrophys. , vol.417
    • Soucail, G.1    Kneib, J.-P.2    Golse, G.3
  • 463
    • 0001832398 scopus 로고
    • The giant arc in A 370-spectroscopic evidence for gravitational lensing from a source at Z = 0.724
    • Soucail G, Mellier Y, Fort B, Mathez G and Cailloux M 1988 The giant arc in A 370-spectroscopic evidence for gravitational lensing from a source at Z = 0.724 Astron. Astrophys. 191 L19-21
    • (1988) Astron. Astrophys. , vol.191
    • Soucail, G.1    Mellier, Y.2    Fort, B.3    Mathez, G.4    Cailloux, M.5
  • 464
    • 34547195709 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A Keck survey for gravitationally lensed Lya emitters in the redshift range 8.5 < z < 10.4: New constraints on the contribution of lowluminosity sources to cosmic reionization
    • Stark D P, Ellis R S, Richard J, Kneib J-P, Smith G P and Santos M R 2007 A Keck survey for gravitationally lensed Lya emitters in the redshift range 8.5 < z < 10.4: new constraints on the contribution of lowluminosity sources to cosmic reionization Astrophys. J. 663 10-28
    • (2007) Astrophys. J. , vol.663 , pp. 10-28
    • Stark, D.P.1    Ellis, R.S.2    Richard, J.3    Kneib, J.-P.4    Smith, G.P.5    Santos, M.R.6
  • 465
    • 0042783293 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Gravitational lensing of cosmic microwave background anisotropies and cosmological parameter estimation
    • Stompor R and Efstathiou G 1999 Gravitational lensing of cosmic microwave background anisotropies and cosmological parameter estimation Mon. Not. R. Astron. Soc. 302 735-47
    • (1999) Mon. Not. R. Astron. Soc. , vol.302 , pp. 735-747
    • Stompor, R.1    Efstathiou, G.2
  • 467
    • 76949088285 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Dissecting the gravitational lens B1608+656: II. Precision measurements of the Hubble constant, spatial curvature, and the dark energy equation of state
    • Suyu S H, Marshall P J, Auger M W, Hilbert S, Blandford R D, Koopmans L V E, Fassnacht C D and Treu T 2010 Dissecting the gravitational lens B1608+656: II. Precision measurements of the Hubble constant, spatial curvature, and the dark energy equation of state Astrophys. J. 711 201-21
    • (2010) Astrophys. J. , vol.711 , pp. 201-221
    • Suyu, S.H.1    Marshall, P.J.2    Auger, M.W.3    Hilbert, S.4    Blandford, R.D.5    Koopmans, L.V.E.6    Fassnacht, C.D.7    Treu, T.8
  • 470
    • 0347528567 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Halo model predictions of the cosmicmagnification statistics: The full non-linear contribution
    • TakadaMand Hamana T 2003 Halo model predictions of the cosmicmagnification statistics: the full non-linear contribution Mon. Not. R. Astron. Soc. 346 949-62
    • (2003) Mon. Not. R. Astron. Soc. , vol.346 , pp. 949-962
    • Takada, M.1    Hamana, T.2
  • 471
    • 0142260943 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Three-point correlations in weak lensing surveys: Model predictions and applications
    • TakadaMand JainB2003 Three-point correlations in weak lensing surveys: model predictions and applications Mon. Not. R. Astron. Soc. 344 857-86
    • (2003) Mon. Not. R. Astron. Soc. , vol.344 , pp. 857-886
    • Takada, M.1    Jain, B.2
  • 473
    • 11144239118 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Joint cosmological parameters forecast from CFHTLScosmic shear and CMB data
    • Tereno I, Doré O, vanWaerbeke L and Mellier Y 2005 Joint cosmological parameters forecast from CFHTLScosmic shear and CMB data Astron. Astrophys. 429 383-98
    • (2005) Astron. Astrophys. , vol.429 , pp. 383-398
    • Tereno, I.1    Doré, O.2    Van Waerbeke, L.3    Mellier, Y.4
  • 477
    • 33645815684 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The sloan lens ACS survey. II. Stellar populations and internal structure of early-type lens galaxies
    • 2 I DOI 10.1086/500124
    • Treu T, Koopmans L V, Bolton A S, Burles S and Moustakas L A 2006 The Sloan Lens ACS Survey: II. Stellar populations and internal structure of early-type lens galaxies Astrophys. J. 640 662-72 (Pubitemid 43570208)
    • (2006) Astrophysical Journal , vol.640 , pp. 662-672
    • Treu, T.1    Koopmans, L.V.2    Bolton, A.S.3    Burles, S.4    Moustakas, L.A.5
  • 478
    • 6044243925 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Massive dark matter halos and evolution of early-type galaxies to z ∼ 1
    • Treu T and Koopmans L V E 2004 Massive dark matter halos and evolution of early-type galaxies to z ∼ 1 Astrophys. J. 611 739-60
    • (2004) Astrophys. J. , vol.611 , pp. 739-760
    • Treu, T.1    Koopmans, L.V.E.2
  • 479
    • 25144450101 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A Jovian-mass planet in microlensing event OGLE-2005-BLG-071
    • Udalski A et al 2005 A Jovian-mass planet in microlensing event OGLE-2005-BLG-071 Astrophys. J. Lett. 628 L109-12
    • (2005) Astrophys. J. Lett. , vol.628
    • Udalski, A.1
  • 481
    • 52049104222 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Combining lens distortion and depletion to map the mass distribution of A1689
    • Umetsu K and Broadhurst T 2008 Combining lens distortion and depletion to map the mass distribution of A1689 Astrophys. J. 684 177-203
    • (2008) Astrophys. J. , vol.684 , pp. 177-203
    • Umetsu, K.1    Broadhurst, T.2
  • 482
    • 0034632314 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Detection of dark matter concentrations in the field of Cl 1604+4304 from weak lensing analysis
    • Umetsu K and Futamase T 2000 Detection of dark matter concentrations in the field of Cl 1604+4304 from weak lensing analysis Astrophys. J. Lett. 539 L5-8
    • (2000) Astrophys. J. Lett. , vol.539
    • Umetsu, K.1    Futamase, T.2
  • 483
    • 0041414751 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Simulating weak lensing by large-scale structure
    • Vale C and White M 2003 Simulating weak lensing by large-scale structure Astrophys. J. 592 699-709
    • (2003) Astrophys. J. , vol.592 , pp. 699-709
    • Vale, C.1    White, M.2
  • 484
    • 73949084711 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Shear and magnification: Cosmic complementarity
    • van Waerbeke L 2010 Shear and magnification: cosmic complementarity Mon. Not. R. Astron. Soc. 401 2093-100
    • (2010) Mon. Not. R. Astron. Soc. , vol.401 , pp. 2093-2100
    • Van Waerbeke, L.1
  • 485
    • 0002596727 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Efficiency of weak lensing surveys to probe cosmological models
    • van Waerbeke L, Bernardeau F and Mellier Y 1999 Efficiency of weak lensing surveys to probe cosmological models Astron. Astrophys. 342 15-33
    • (1999) Astron. Astrophys. , vol.342 , pp. 15-33
    • Van Waerbeke, L.1    Bernardeau, F.2    Mellier, Y.3
  • 487
    • 0003043622 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Detection of correlated galaxy ellipticities from CFHT data: First evidence for gravitational lensing by large-scale structures
    • Van Waerbeke L et al 2000 Detection of correlated galaxy ellipticities from CFHT data: first evidence for gravitational lensing by large-scale structures Astron. Astrophys. 358 30-44
    • (2000) Astron. Astrophys. , vol.358 , pp. 30-44
    • Van Waerbeke, L.1
  • 488
    • 11144309031 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Dealing with systematics in cosmic shear studies: New results from the VIRMOS-Descart survey
    • Van Waerbeke L, Mellier Y and Hoekstra H 2005 Dealing with systematics in cosmic shear studies: new results from the VIRMOS-Descart survey Astron. Astrophys. 429 75-84
    • (2005) Astron. Astrophys. , vol.429 , pp. 75-84
    • Van Waerbeke, L.1    Mellier, Y.2    Hoekstra, H.3
  • 489
    • 0035429207 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cosmic shear statistics and cosmology
    • Van Waerbeke L et al 2001 Cosmic shear statistics and cosmology Astron. Astrophys. 374 757-69
    • (2001) Astron. Astrophys. , vol.374 , pp. 757-769
    • Van Waerbeke, L.1
  • 490
    • 33748784861 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Redshift and shear calibration: Impact on cosmic shear studies and survey design
    • vanWaerbeke L, White M, Hoekstra H and Heymans C 2006 Redshift and shear calibration: impact on cosmic shear studies and survey design Astropart. Phys. 26 91-101
    • (2006) Astropart. Phys. , vol.26 , pp. 91-101
    • Van Waerbeke, L.1    White, M.2    Hoekstra, H.3    Heymans, C.4
  • 492
    • 84943157473 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Gravitational lensing in astronomy
    • Wambsganss J 1998 Gravitational lensing in astronomy Living Rev. Rel. 1 12
    • (1998) Living Rev. Rel. , vol.1 , pp. 12
    • Wambsganss, J.1
  • 493
    • 2442507768 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Giant arc statistics in concord with a concordance lambda cold dark matter universe
    • Wambsganss J, Bode P and Ostriker J P 2004 Giant arc statistics in concord with a concordance lambda cold dark matter universe Astrophys. J. Lett. 606 L93-6
    • (2004) Astrophys. J. Lett. , vol.606
    • Wambsganss, J.1    Bode, P.2    Ostriker, J.P.3
  • 494
    • 42649145423 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The effect of baryon cooling on the statistics of giant arcs and multiple quasars
    • Wambsganss J, Ostriker J P and Bode P 2008 The effect of baryon cooling on the statistics of giant arcs and multiple quasars Astrophys. J. 676 753-60
    • (2008) Astrophys. J. , vol.676 , pp. 753-760
    • Wambsganss, J.1    Ostriker, J.P.2    Bode, P.3
  • 495
    • 0007059279 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Microlensing results from APO monitoring of the double quasar Q0957+561A,B between 1995 and 1998
    • Wambsganss J, Schmidt R W, Colley W, Kundić T and Turner E L 2000 Microlensing results from APO monitoring of the double quasar Q0957+561A,B between 1995 and 1998 Astron. Astrophys. 362 L37-40
    • (2000) Astron. Astrophys. , vol.362
    • Wambsganss, J.1    Schmidt, R.W.2    Colley, W.3    Kundić, T.4    Turner, E.L.5
  • 498
    • 0142055891 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Constraining dark energy from the abundance of weak gravitational lenses
    • Weinberg N N and KamionkowskiM2003 Constraining dark energy from the abundance of weak gravitational lenses Mon. Not. R. Astron. Soc. 341 251-62
    • (2003) Mon. Not. R. Astron. Soc. , vol.341 , pp. 251-262
    • Weinberg, N.N.1    Kamionkowski, M.2
  • 499
    • 0043234329 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Completeness in weak-lensing searches for clusters
    • White M, van Waerbeke L and Mackey J 2002 Completeness in weak-lensing searches for clusters Astrophys. J. 575 640-9
    • (2002) Astrophys. J. , vol.575 , pp. 640-649
    • White, M.1    Van Waerbeke, L.2    MacKey, J.3
  • 500
    • 0002209110 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Angular correlations between LBQS and APM: Weak lensing by the large-scale structure
    • Williams L L R and Irwin M 1998 Angular correlations between LBQS and APM: weak lensing by the large-scale structure Mon. Not. R. Astron. Soc. 298 378-86
    • (1998) Mon. Not. R. Astron. Soc. , vol.298 , pp. 378-386
    • Williams, L.L.R.1    Irwin, M.2
  • 501
    • 0033589911 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The core structure of galaxy clusters from gravitational lensing
    • Williams L L R, Navarro J F and Bartelmann M 1999 The core structure of galaxy clusters from gravitational lensing Astrophys. J. 527 535-44
    • (1999) Astrophys. J. , vol.527 , pp. 535-544
    • Williams, L.L.R.1    Navarro, J.F.2    Bartelmann, M.3
  • 502
    • 12444318577 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Models of the giant quadruple quasar SDSS J1004+4112
    • Williams L L R and Saha P 2004 Models of the giant quadruple quasar SDSS J1004+4112 Astron. J. 128 2631-41
    • (2004) Astron. J. , vol.128 , pp. 2631-2641
    • Williams, L.L.R.1    Saha, P.2
  • 504
    • 1342283114 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The central image of a gravitationally lensed quasar
    • Winn J N, Rusin D and Kochanek C S 2004 The central image of a gravitationally lensed quasar Nature 427 613-5
    • (2004) Nature , vol.427 , pp. 613-615
    • Winn, J.N.1    Rusin, D.2    Kochanek, C.S.3
  • 505
    • 33745830117 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • First results on shear-selected clusters from the deep lens survey: Optical imaging, spectroscopy, and X-ray follow-up
    • Wittman D, Dell'Antonio I P, Hughes J P, Margoniner V E, Tyson J A, Cohen J G and Norman D 2006 First results on shear-selected clusters from the deep lens survey: optical imaging, spectroscopy, and X-ray follow-up Astrophys. J. 643 128-43
    • (2006) Astrophys. J. , vol.643 , pp. 128-143
    • Wittman, D.1    Dell'antonio, I.P.2    Hughes, J.P.3    Margoniner, V.E.4    Tyson, J.A.5    Cohen, J.G.6    Norman, D.7
  • 507
    • 0034636433 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Detection of weak gravitational lensing distortions of distant galaxies by cosmic dark matter at large scales
    • Wittman D M, Tyson J A, Kirkman D, Dell'Antonio I and Bernstein G 2000 Detection of weak gravitational lensing distortions of distant galaxies by cosmic dark matter at large scales Nature 405 143-8
    • (2000) Nature , vol.405 , pp. 143-148
    • Wittman, D.M.1    Tyson, J.A.2    Kirkman, D.3    Dell'antonio, I.4    Bernstein, G.5
  • 508
    • 12044256029 scopus 로고
    • Determining gravitational masses of galaxy clusters with virial equilibrium and arclike images
    • Wu X 1994 Determining gravitational masses of galaxy clusters with virial equilibrium and arclike images Astrophys. J. Lett. 436 L115-8
    • (1994) Astrophys. J. Lett. , vol.436
    • Wu, X.1
  • 509
    • 12044256369 scopus 로고
    • Gravitational microlensing by the MACHOs of the large magellanic cloud
    • WuX1994 Gravitationalmicrolensing by theMACHOs of the large magellanic cloud Astrophys. J. 435 66-70 (Pubitemid 24973980)
    • (1994) Astrophysical Journal , vol.435 , Issue.1 , pp. 66-70
    • Wu, X.-P.1
  • 510
    • 0000232541 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A combined analysis of cluster mass estimates from strong lensing, X-ray measurement and the universal density profile
    • Wu X 2000 A combined analysis of cluster mass estimates from strong lensing, X-ray measurement and the universal density profile Mon. Not. R. Astron. Soc. 316 299-306
    • (2000) Mon. Not. R. Astron. Soc. , vol.316 , pp. 299-306
    • Wu, X.1
  • 511
    • 15444369736 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Comparisons of cluster mass determinations by X-ray observations and gravitational lensing
    • Wu X and Fang L 1996 Comparisons of cluster mass determinations by X-ray observations and gravitational lensing Astrophys. J. Lett. 467 L45
    • (1996) Astrophys. J. Lett. , vol.467
    • Wu, X.1    Fang, L.2
  • 512
    • 0001688074 scopus 로고
    • Statistics of lensing by clusters of galaxies: I. Giant arcs
    • Wu X and Hammer F 1993 Statistics of lensing by clusters of galaxies: I. Giant arcs Mon. Not. R. Astron. Soc. 262 187-203
    • (1993) Mon. Not. R. Astron. Soc. , vol.262 , pp. 187-203
    • Wu, X.1    Hammer, F.2
  • 514
    • 0142041960 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Understanding the results of galaxy-galaxy lensing using galaxy-mass correlation in numerical simulations
    • Yang X H,Mo H J, Kauffmann G and Chu Y Q 2003 Understanding the results of galaxy-galaxy lensing using galaxy-mass correlation in numerical simulations Mon. Not. R. Astron. Soc. 339 387-96
    • (2003) Mon. Not. R. Astron. Soc. , vol.339 , pp. 387-96
    • Yang, X.H.1    Mo, H.J.2    Kauffmann, G.3    Chu, Y.Q.4
  • 515
    • 33750649447 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Gravitational lensing effect on cosmic microwave background polarization
    • Zaldarriaga M and Seljak U 1998 Gravitational lensing effect on cosmic microwave background polarization Phys. Rev. D 58 023003
    • (1998) Phys. Rev. D , vol.58 , pp. 023003
    • Zaldarriaga, M.1    Seljak, U.2
  • 516
    • 0043233527 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • On the incidence of strong gravitational lensing by clusters in the las campanas distant cluster survey
    • Zaritsky D and Gonzalez A H 2003 On the incidence of strong gravitational lensing by clusters in the las campanas distant cluster survey Astrophys. J. 584 691-701
    • (2003) Astrophys. J. , vol.584 , pp. 691-701
    • Zaritsky, D.1    Gonzalez, A.H.2
  • 517


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.