"The map proves it": Map use by the American woman suffrage movement

Cartographica

Volumn 45, Issue 4, 2010, Pages 221-240

  Dando, Christina Elizabeth ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF NEBRASKA AT OMAHA   (United States)

Author keywords

cartographie critique; cartographie persuasive; critical cartography; persuasive mapping; rh torique visuelle; social work; suffrage; travail social; visual rhetoric

Indexed keywords

HISTORICAL CARTOGRAPHY; MAP GRAPHICS; MAPPING METHOD; SOCIAL WORK; TWENTIETH CENTURY; VOTING BEHAVIOR;

UNITED STATES;

EID: 78649727766     PISSN: 03177173     EISSN: 19119925     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.3138/carto.45.4.221     Document Type: Article

References (105)

1. Bar-Gal, Y. 2003. "The Blue Box and JNF Propaganda Maps, 1930-1947." Israel Studies 8/1: 1-19. doi:10.2979/ISR.2003.8.1.1
2. "Bertha Damaris Knobe." 1976. In Woman's Who's Who of America: A Biographical Dictionary of Contemporary Women of the United States and Canada, ed. J.W. Leonard. 1914. Reprint, New York: American Commonwealth Co. 464.
3. "Big Suffrage Party for Mrs. Whitman." 1915. New York Times, 10 October: 27.
4. Bjorkman, F., and A. Porritt, eds. 1917. Blue Book. Woman Suffrage: History, Arguments, and Results. New York: National Woman Suffrage Publishing Co.
5. Blair, K. 1994. The Torchbearers: Women and Their Amateur Arts Associations in America, 1890-1930. Bloomington: Indiana University Press.
6. Boggs, S.W. 1947. "Cartohypnosis." Scientific Monthly 65/1: 469-76.
7. Bompas, K. 1942. "Our Background: Struggle and Achievement." International Women's News 36/10: 175.
8. Borda, J.L. 2002. "The Woman Suffrage Parades of 1910 and 1913: Possibilities and Limitations of an Early Feminist Rhetorical Strategy." Western Journal of Communication 66/1: 25-52.
9. Boria, E. 2008. "Geopolitical Maps: A Sketch History of a Neglected Trend in Cartography." Geopolitics 13: 278-308. doi:10.1080/ 14650040801991522
10. Brantlinger, P. 1985. "Victorians and Africans: The Genealogy of the Myth of the Dark Continent." Critical Inquiry 12/1: 166-203. doi:10.1086/448326
11. Brückner, M. 1999. "Lessons in Geography: Maps, Spellers, and Other Grammars of Nationalism in the Early Republic." American Quarterly 51: 311-43.
12. Buechler, S.M. 1986. The Transformation of the Woman Suffrage Movement: The Case of Illinois, 1850-1920. New Brunswick, NJ: Rutgers University Press.
13. Burnett, A. 1985. "Propaganda Cartography." In The Geography of War and Peace, ed. D. Pepper and A. Jenkins. Oxford: Blackwell. 60-89.
14. Burroughs, J. 1918. "Follow World War Moves with Mrs. Armour's Maps." Chicago Sunday Press and Women's Press 2/1: B1, B3.
15. Churchill, R. 2002. Mapping Chicago - Making Chicago (Newberry Library Slide Set No. 34). Chicago: The Hermon Dunlap Smith Center for the History of Cartography, The Newberry Library.
16. Churchill, R., and S. Slarsky. 2004. "Mapping September 11, 2001: Cartographic Narrative in the Print Media." Cartographic Perspectives 47: 13-27.
17. Cooney, R.D.J. 2005. Winning the Vote: The Triumph of the American Woman Suffrage Movement. Santa Cruz, CA: American Graphic Press.
18. Crampton, J.W. 2004. "GIS and Geographic Governance: Reconstructing the Choropleth Map." Cartographica 39/1: 41-53. doi:10.3138/H066-3346-R941- 6382
19. -. 2009. "Cartography: Performative, Participatory, Political." Progress in Human Geography 33: 840-48.
20. Dalal, F. 2002. Race, Colour and the Processes of Racialization: New Perspectives from Group Analysis, Psychoanalysis and Sociology. New York: Brunner-Routledge.
21. Dando, C.E. 2003. "Happy Motoring!: Selling Maps and Geographic Information to 20th Century American Women." Paper read at the International Conference on the History of Cartography, 15-20 June, Boston, MA, and Portland, ME.
22. -. 2007. "Riding the Wheel: Selling American Women Mobility and Geographic Knowledge." Acme: An International E-Journal for Critical Geographies 6/2: 174-210.
23. Downey, D.B. 1987. "William Stead and Chicago: A Victorian Jeremiah in the Windy City." Mid-America: An Historical Review 68: 153-66.
24. Dumenil, L. 2007. "The New Woman and the Politics of the 1920s." OAH Magazine of History 21/3: 22-26.
25. Finnegan, M. 1999. Selling Suffrage: Consumer Culture and Votes for Women. New York: Columbia University Press.
26. Flanagan, M. 1990. "Gender and Urban Political Reform: The City Club and the Woman's City Club of Chicago in the Progressive Era." American Historical Review 95: 1032-50. doi:10.2307/2163477
27. Francaviglia, R.V. 1995. The Shape of Texas: Maps as Metaphors. College Station: Texas A&M University Press.
28. Friendly, M., and G. Palsky. 2007. "Visualizing Nature and Society." In Maps: Finding Our Place in the World, ed. J. Akerman and R. Karrow. Chicago: University of Chicago Press. 207-53.
29. Frost-Knappman, E., and K. Cullen-DuPont. 2005. Eyewitness History: Women's Suffrage in America. New York: Facts on File.
30. "Georgia vs. Connecticut." 1919. The Woman Citizen: The Woman's National Political Weekly, 10 May: 1.
31. Gordon, E.P. 2005. Woman Torch-Bearers: The Story of the Women's Christian Temperance Union. 1924. Reprint, Whitefish, MT: Kessinger Publishing.
32. Harley, J.B. 1988. "Maps, Knowledge, and Power." In The Iconography of Landscape: Essays on the Symbolic Representation, Design, and Use of Past Environments, ed. D. Cosgrove and S. Daniels. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. 277-312.
33. Harper, I.H., ed. 1922a. History of Woman Suffrage. Vol. 5: 1900-1920. New York: National American Woman Suffrage Association.
34. -. 1922b. History of Woman Suffrage. Vol. 6: 1900-1920. New York: National American Woman Suffrage Association.
35. Herb, G.H. 1997. Under the Map of Germany: Nationalism and Propaganda 1918-1945. London: Routledge.
36. Jacob, C. 2006. The Sovereign Map: Theoretical Approaches in Cartography Throughout History, trans. T. Conley, ed. E. Dahl. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
37. Jarosz, L. 1992. "Constructing the Dark Continent: Metaphor as Geographic Representation of Africa." Geografiska Annaler (ser. B) 74: 105-15.
38. Kelley, M. 1996. "Reading Women / Women Reading: The Making of Learned Women in Antebellum America." Journal of American History 83: 401-24. doi:10.2307/2944941
39. Kimball, M.A. 2006. "London through Rose-Colored Graphics: Visual Rhetoric and Information Graphic Design in Charles Booth's Maps of London Poverty." Journal of Technical Writing and Communication 36: 353-81.
40. Knobe, B.D. 1907. "The Suffragists' Uprising." Appleton's Magazine, December: 772-79.
41. -. 1908a. "That Suffrage Map." The Woman's Journal, 14 March: 42.
42. -. 1908b. "Votes for Women: An Object Lesson." Harper's Weekly, 25 April: 20-21.
43. Kolodny, A. 1975. The Lay of the Land: Metaphor as Experience and History in American Life and Letters. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press.
44. Latour, B. 1987. Science in Action: How to Follow Scientists and Engineers through Society. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
45. Le Corbeiller, C. 1961. "Miss America and Her Sisters: Personifications of the Four Parts of the World." Metropolitan Museum of Art Bulletin (n.s.) 19: 209-23.
46. Logan, A.H. 1912. "Colored Women as Voters." Crisis, 4/5 September: 242-43.
47. Lorde, A. 1984. Sister Outsider: Essays and Speeches. Berkeley, CA: Ten Speed Press.
48. McCammon, H. 2003. '"Out of the Parlors and into the Streets': The Changing Tactical Repertoire of the U.S. Women's Suffrage Movements." Social Forces 81: 787-818. doi:10.1353/sof.2003.0037
49. McClintock, A. 1995. Imperial Leather: Race, Gender and Sexuality in the Colonial Contest. New York: Routledge.
50. McCulloch, C.W. 1908. Letter to the Editor. The Woman's Journal, 18 January: 12.
51. McLafferty, S. 2005. "Women and GIS: Geospatial Technologies and Feminist Geographies." Cartographica 40/4: 37-45.
52. McMahon, Mrs. A. 1918. "How to Win a State." The Woman Citizen, 16 November: 508-9.
53. Miller, A.D. 1915. "The Awakening." Puck, 20 February: 14-15.
54. Minor, H. 1999. "Mapping Mussolini: Ritual and Cartography in Public Art during the Second Roman Empire." Imago Mundi 51: 147-62.
55. Monmonier, M. 1991. How to Lie with Maps. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
56. Monmonier, M., and E. Puhl. 2000. "The Way Cartography Was: A Snapshot of Mapping and Map Use in 1900." Historical Geography 28: 157-78.
57. Moore, S.J. 1997. "Making a Spectacle of Suffrage: The National Woman Suffrage Pageant, 1913." Journal of American Culture 20/1: 89-103. doi:10.1111/j.1542-734X.1997.00089.x
58. "The Movement Comes of Age." 2005. Texas State Library and Archives Commission. Available at http://www.tsl.state.tx.us/exhibits/suffrage/ comesofage/suffrage-map.html
59. "Moving Map at Carnegie Hall." 1913. The Woman's Journal and Suffrage News, 8 February: 48.
60. "New Leaflets." 1908. The Woman's Journal, February: 24.
61. "One Minute Talks at Suffrage Shop." 1915. New York Times, 31 January: 16.
62. "Order of March." 1913. The Woman's Journal, 1 March: 72.
63. Osborn, H. 1914. "Two More Bright Spots on the Map." Maryland Suffrage News, 14 November: 1.
64. Palczewski, C.H. 2005. "The Male Madonna and the Feminine Uncle Sam: Visual Argument, Icons, and Ideographs in 1909 Anti-Woman Suffrage Postcards." Quarterly Journal of Speech 91: 365-94.
65. "Parade to Glow Like a Rainbow." 1913. The Woman's Journal, 22 February: 57, 62.
66. Park, A. 1908. "Suffrage Map Enlarged." The Woman's Journal, 18 July: 113.
67. Pavlovskaya, M., and K. St. Martin. 2007. "Feminism and Geographic Information Systems: From a Missing Object to a Mapping Subject." Geography Compass 1: 583-606. doi:10.1111/j.1749-8198.2007.00028.x
68. Petto, C. 2009. "Playing the Feminine Card: Women of the Early Modern Map Trade." Cartographica 44/2: 67-81. doi:10.3138/carto.44.2.67
69. Pickles, J. 1992. "Text, Hermeneutics and Propaganda Maps." In Writing Worlds: Discourse, Text and Metaphor in the Representation of Landscape, ed. T.J. Barnes and J.S. Duncan. London: Routledge. 193-247.
70. -. 2004. A History of Spaces: Cartographic Reason, Mapping and the Geo-coded World. London: Routledge.
71. "Prohibition Map of the United States." 1912. The Woman's Protest Against Woman Suffrage 1/6: 15.
72. Quam, L. 1943. "The Use of Maps in Propaganda." Journal of Geography 42/1: 21-32.
73. Ramsey, E.M. 2000. "Inventing Citizens during World War I: Suffrage Cartoons in The Woman Citizen." Western Journal of Communication 64/2: 113-47.
74. Residents of Hull House. 1895. Hull-House Maps and Papers, a presentation of nationalities and wages in a congested district of Chicago, together with comments and essays on problems growing out of the social conditions. New York: T.Y. Crowell & Co.
75. Reynolds, L.J. 2005. '"Strangely Ajar with the Human Race': Hawthorne, Slavery, and the Question of Moral Responsibility." In Hawthorne and the Real: Bicentennial Essays, ed. M. Bell. Columbus: Ohio State University Press. 40-69.
76. Richards, P.L. 2004. '"Could I But Mark Out My Own Map of Life': Educated Women Embracing Cartography in the Nineteenth-Century American South." Cartographica 39/3: 1-17. doi:10.3138/B5HV-8H1R-V628-3654
77. Robinson, A.H. 1982. Early Thematic Mapping in the History of Cartography. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
78. Robinson, M. 1918. "Suffrage and Defeat." New York Times, 16 March: 12.
79. Rose, G. 1992. "Geography as a Science of Observation: The Landscape, the Gaze, and Masculinity." In Nature and Science: Essays in the History of Knowledge, ed. F. Driver and G. Rose. London: Royal Geographical Society / The Institute of British Georgraphers. 8-18.
80. Ryan, M.P. 2003. "The Public and the Private Good: Across the Great Divide in Women's History." Journal of Women's History 15/1: 10-27.
81. Schulten, S. 2001. The Geographical Imagination in America, 1880-1950. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
82. Sewall, J. 2003. "Sidewalks and Store Windows as Political Landscapes." Constructing Image, Identity and Place, ed. A. Hoagland and K. Breisch. Knoxville: University of Tennessee Press. 85-98.
83. Shore, A. 2006. "Suffrage Stars." Camera Obscura 21/363: 1-35.
84. Sims, A. 1995. "Armageddon in Tennessee: The Final Battle over the Nineteenth Amendment." In One Woman, One Vote: Rediscovering the Woman Suffrage Movement, ed. M.S. Wheeler. Troutdale, OR: New Sage Press. 333-50.
85. Sklar, K. 1998. "Hull-House Maps and Papers: Social Science as Women's Work in the 1890s." In Gender and American Social Science: The Formative Years, ed. H. Silverberg. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press. 127-55.
86. Sloan, K. 1988. The Loud Silents: Origins of the Social Problem Film. Urbana: University of Illinois Press.
87. Solomon, M.M., ed. 1991. A Voice of Their Own: The Woman Suffrage Press, 1840-1910. Tuscaloosa: University of Alabama Press.
88. Speier, H. 1941. "Magic Geography." Social Research 8: 310-30.
89. Stead, W.T. 1894. If Christ Came to Chicago. Chicago: Laird & Lee.
90. Stelzle, C. 1918. Why Prohibition! New York: George Doran Co.
91. "Suffrage Leaders Get Their Innings." 1915. New York Times, 19 May: 5.
92. "A Suffrage Map." 1908. The Woman's Journal, 11 January: 1.
93. Taylor, W.S. 1913. "No Eastern Suffrage States." New York Times, 7 May: 10.
94. Terborg-Penn, R. 1998. African American Women in the Struggle for the Vote, 1850-1920. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press
95. "That Suffrage Map." 1908. The Woman's Journal, 1 February: 19.
96. Thrower, N. 1996. Maps and Civilization: Cartography in Culture and Society. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
97. Tinnin, G.S. 1913. "Why the Pageant?" The Woman's Journal, 15 February: 60.
98. Tyner, J. 1982. "Persuasive Cartography." Journal of Geography 81/4: 140-44.
99. Vernon, M. 1914. "Campaigning Through Nevada." The Suffragist 2/21: 6.
100. "Walks and Wins with Two-Ft. Map." 1913. The Woman's Journal, 1 February: 40.
101. Wheeler, M. 1995. "The Seneca Falls Convention." In One Woman, One Vote: Rediscovering the Woman Suffrage Movement, ed. M.S. Wheeler. Troutdale, OR: New Sage Press. 37-38.
102. Whitson, B. 1910. "Temperance." The Friend 83/47: 374.
103. "Wives of Soldiers Seek Financial Aid." 1916. New York Times, 1 July: 3.
104. Wood, M. 2000. Blind Memory: Visual Representations of Slavery in England and America 1780-1865. New York: Routledge.
105. Zagumny, L.L., and L.M. Pulsipher. 2008. '"The Races and Conditions of Men': Women in Nineteenth-Century Geography School Texts in the United States." Gender, Place and Culture 15: 411-29.