Polyethersulfone membranes: The effect of sulfonation on the properties

Polymer - Plastics Technology and Engineering

Volumn 49, Issue 14, 2010, Pages 1419-1427

  Unnikrishnan, Lakshmi ^a   Nayak, Sanjay Kumar ^a   Mohanty, Smita ^a   Sarkhel, Gautam ^b  

^a Central Institute of Plastics Engineering and Technology   (India)

^b BIRLA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY   (India)

Author keywords

Morphological properties; Polyethersulfone; Proton conductivity; Sulfonation

Indexed keywords

AFM; CHLOROSULFONIC ACID; CONDUCTIVITY MEASUREMENTS; DEGREE OF SULFONATION; FTIR; FUEL CELL PERFORMANCE; HIGHER-DEGREE; ION EXCHANGE CAPACITY; MORPHOLOGICAL PROPERTIES; MORPHOLOGICAL STUDY; POLYETHERSULFONE MEMBRANE; POLYETHERSULFONES; POLYMER MAIN CHAIN; SEM; STORAGE MODULI; SULFONATED MEMBRANES; THERMAL STABILITY; TRANSFER CHANNEL;

ACIDS; FUEL CELLS; ION EXCHANGE; ION EXCHANGE MEMBRANES; PROTON CONDUCTIVITY; SULFONATION; SULFUR COMPOUNDS;

THERMOGRAVIMETRIC ANALYSIS;

EID: 78649705739     PISSN: 03602559     EISSN: 15256111     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1080/03602559.2010.496399     Document Type: Article

References (33)

1. Wu, H.L.; Chen-Chi, M. Ma.; Liu, F.Y.; Chen, C.Y.; Lee, S.J.; Chang, C.L. Preparation and characteristics of poly(ether sulfone)=sulfonated poly(ether ether ketone) blend membranes. Eur. Polym. J. 2006, 42, 1688-1695.
2. Liu, W.; Chen, T.; Xu, J. Gas permeation behavior of phenolphthalein based heat-resistant polymers PEK-C and PES-C. J. Membr. Sci. 1990, 53, 203.
3. Rose, J.B. Preparation and properties of poly(arylene ether sulphones). Polymer 1974, 15, 456.
4. Carlier, V.; Devaux, J.; Legras, R.; McGrail, P.T. The percentage of rigid chain length, (PRCL), a new concept for predicting glass transition temperatures and melting points of poly(aryl ether ketones) and poly(aryl ether sulfones). Macromol. 1992, 25, 6646.
5. Robeson, L.M.; Farnham, A.G.; McGrath, J.E. Molecular Relaxation in Polymers. In Meier, D.J.; ed., Molecular Dynamic Mechanical Charateristics of Polysulfone and other Polyarylethers, in Molecular Basis for Transitions and Relaxations, Vol. 4, Midland Macromolecu-lar Institute Monographs. Gordon and Breach. 1978, 405-526.
6. Viswanathan, R.; Johnson, B.C.; McGrath, J.E. Synthesis, kinetic observations and characteristics of polyarylene ether sulphones prepared via a potassium carbonate DMAC process. Polymer 1984, 25, 1827.
7. Kerres, J. Development of ionomer membranes for fuel cells. J. Memb. Sci. 2001, 185, 3.
8. Jones, D.J.; Roziere, J.J. Recent advances in the functionalisation of polybenzimidazole and polyetherketone for fuel cell applications. J. Memb. Sci. 2001, 185, 41.
9. Rao, V.L. Polyether sulfones. J. Macromol. Sci. Rev. Macromol. Chem. Phys. 1999, C39, 655.
10. Noshay, A.; Robeson, L.M. Sulfonated polysulfone. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 1976, 20, 1885.
11. Xing, D.; Kerres, J. Improvement of synthesis procedure and characterization of sulfonated poly(arylene ether sulfone) for proton exchange membranes. J. New Mater. Electrochem. Syst. 2006, 9, 51-60.
12. Xing, D.; Kerres, J. Improved performance of sulfonated polyarylene ethers for proton exchange membrane fuel cells. Polym. Adv. Technol. 2006, 17, 1-7.
13. Kim, Y.S.; Einsla, B.; Sankir, M.; Harrison, W.; Pivovar, B.S. Structure-property-performance relationships of sulfonated poly(ary-lene ether sulfone)s as a polymer electrolyte for fuel cell applications. Polymer 2006, 47, 4026-4035.
14. Wiles, K.B.; Wang, F., McGrath, J.E. Directly copolymerized poly(arylene sulfide sulfone) disulfonated copolymers for PEM-based fuel cell systems. I. Synthesis and characterization. J. Polym. Sci. A: Polym. Chem. 2005, 43, 2964-2976.
15. Bai, Z.; Durstock, M.F.; Dang, T.D. Proton conductivity and properties sulfonated polyarylenethioether sulfones as proton exchange membranes in fuel cells. J. Membr. Sci. 2006, 281, 508-516.
16. Cappadonia, M.; Niaki, S.M.S.; Wilhelm Erning, J.; Stimming, U. Conductance of Nafion 117 membranes as a function of temperature and water content. Sol. St. Ion. 1995, 77, 65.
17. ®-silica electrolyte for high temperature operation. Sol. St. Ion. 1999, 125, 431.
18. Adjemian, S.S.K.T.; Benziger, J.; Bocarsly, A.B. Investigation of PEMFC operation above 100°C employing perfluorosulfonic acid silicon oxide composite membranes. J. Power Sour. 2002, 109, 356.
19. Wen, H.-L.; Song, C.-S.; Tong, Y.-F.; Chen Liu, X.-L. Synthesis and properties of poly(aryl ether sulfone ether ketone ketone) (PESEKK). J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2005, 96, 489-493.
20. Shahi, V.K. Highly charged proton-exchange membrane: Sulfonated poly(ether sulfone)-silica polyelectrolyte composite membranes for fuel cells. Sol. St. Ion. 2007, 177, 3395-3404.
21. Scott, K.; Shukla, A.K. Polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cells: Principles and advances. Rev. Envtl. Sci. Bio/Tech. 2004, 3, 273.
22. Gao, Y.; Robertson, G.P.; Guiver, M.D.; Jian, X.G.; Mikhailenko, S.D.; Wang, K.P.; Kaliaguine, S. Sulfonation of poly(phthalazinones) with fuming sulfuric acid mixtures for proton exchange membrane materials. J. Memb. Sci. 2003, 227, 39.
23. Zawodzinski, T.A.; Neeman, M.; Sillerud, L.O.; Gottesfeld, S. Determination of water diffusion coefficients in perfluorosulfonate ionomeric membranes. J. Phys. Chem. 1991, 95, 6040.
24. Kruczek, B.; Matsuura, T. Effect of metal substitution of high molecular weight sulfonated polyphenylene oxide membranes on their gas separation performance. J. Memb. Sci. 2000, 167, 203.
25. Krishnan, N.N.; Kim, H.J.; Prasanna, M.; Cho, E.; Shin, E.-M.; Lee, S.Y.; Oh, I.H.; Hong, S.A.; Lim, T.H. Synthesis and characterization of sulfonated polyethersulfone copolymer membranes for fuel cell applications. J. Power Sour. 2006, 158, 1246-1250.
26. Jin, X.; Bishop, M.T.; Ellis, T.S.; Karasz, F.E. A sulfonated poly(aryl-ether-ketone). Br. Polym. J. 1985, 17, 4.
27. Zaidi, S.M.J.; Mikhailenko, S.D.; Guiver, M.D.; Kaliaguine, S. Proton conducting composite membranes from polyether ether ketone and heteropolyacids for fuel cell applications. J. Memb. Sci. 2000,173, 17-34.
28. Kruczek, B.; Matsuura, T. Development and characterization of homogeneous membranes made from high molecular weight sulfonated polyphenylene oxide. J. Memb. Sci. 1998, 146, 263.
29. Gao, Y.; Robertson, G.P.; Guiver, M.D.; Jian, X. Synthesis and characterization of sulfonated poly(phthalazinone ether ketone) for proton exchange membrane materials. J. Polym. Sci. Pt. A: Polym. Chem. 2003, 41, 497.
30. Gao, Y.; Robertson, G.P.; Guiver, M.D.; Jian, X.; Mikhailenko, S.D.; Wang, K.; Kaliaguine, S. Direct copolymerization of sulfonated poly(phthalazinone arylene ether)s for proton-exchange-membrane materials. J. Polym. Sci. Pt. A: Polym. Chem. 2003, 41, 2731.
31. Lufrano, F.; Squadrito, G.; Patti, A.; Passalacqua, E. Sulfonated polysulfone as promising membranes for polymer electrolyte fuel cells. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2000, 77, 1250.
32. Bishop, M.T.; Karasz, F.E.; Russo, P.S.; Langley, K.H. Solubility and properties of poly(aryl-ether-ketone) in strong acids. Macromolecules 1985, 18, 86.
33. Wang, F.; Hickner, M.; Kim, Y.S.; Zawodzinski, T.A.; McGrath, J.E. Direct polymerization of sulfonated poly(arylene ether sulfone) random (statistical) copolymers: Candidates for new proton exchange membranes. J. Membr. Sci. 2002, 197, 231.