Volume diffusion of Ytterbium in YAG: Thin-film experiments and combined TEM-RBS analysis

Physics and Chemistry of Minerals

Volumn 37, Issue 10, 2010, Pages 751-760

  Marquardt, Katharina ^a   Petrishcheva, Elena ^b   Abart, Rainer ^b,d   Gardés, Emmanuel ^a   Wirth, Richard ^a   Dohmen, Ralf ^c,e   Becker, Hans Werner ^c   Heinrich, Wilhelm ^a  

^a GFZ GERMAN RESEARCH CENTRE FOR GEOSCIENCES   (Germany)

^b FREIE UNIVERSITÄT BERLIN   (Germany)

^c RUHR UNIVERSITY BOCHUM   (Germany)

^d UNIVERSITY OF VIENNA   (Austria)

^e UNIVERSITY OF BRISTOL   (United Kingdom)

Author keywords

Analytical transmission electron microscopy; ATEM; Diffusion; TEM; Thin film; YAG

Indexed keywords

ANALYTICAL TRANSMISSION ELECTRON MICROSCOPY; ATEM; CONCENTRATION PROFILES; DIFFUSION COUPLE; EXPERIMENTAL SETUP; EXPERIMENTAL UNCERTAINTY; HIGH SPATIAL RESOLUTION; MICRO-STRUCTURAL; MICROCHEMICAL ANALYSIS; MICROSTRUCTURAL CHANGES; RBS ANALYSIS; RE CRYSTALLIZATIONS; RUTHERFORD BACKSCATTERING ANALYSIS; SINGLE CRYSTAL SUBSTRATES; STANDARD ASSUMPTIONS; TEM; THIN-FILM DIFFUSION; VOLUME DIFFUSION; VOLUME DIFFUSION COEFFICIENTS; YAG; YTTRIUM ALUMINUM GARNET;

CRYSTALLIZATION; EXPERIMENTS; RUTHERFORD BACKSCATTERING SPECTROSCOPY; SILICATE MINERALS; SINGLE CRYSTALS; TRANSMISSION ELECTRON MICROSCOPY; TRANSPORT PROPERTIES; UNCERTAINTY ANALYSIS; YTTERBIUM; YTTRIUM;

DIFFUSION;

ALUMINUM; BIOFILM; CONCENTRATION (COMPOSITION); DIFFUSION; EXPERIMENTAL MINERALOGY; GARNET; MICROSTRUCTURE; P-T CONDITIONS; SPECTROMETRY; TRANSMISSION ELECTRON MICROSCOPY; VOLUME; YTTRIUM;

EID: 78649667343     PISSN: 03421791     EISSN: 14322021     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1007/s00269-010-0373-4     Document Type: Article

References (54)

1. Abart R, Kunze K, Milke R, Sperb R, Heinrich W (2004) Silicon, oxygen self diffusion in enstatite polycrystals; the Milke et al (2001) rim growth experiments revisited. Contrib Mineral Petrol 147: 633-646.
2. Abart R, Petrishcheva E, Fischer FD, Svoboda J (2009) Thermodynamic model for diffusion controlled reaction rim growth in a binary system; application to the forsterite-enstatite-quartz system. Am J Sci 309: 114-131.
3. Béjina F, Jaoul O, Liebermann RC (2003) Diffusion in minerals at high pressure: a review. Phys Earth Planet Inter 139: 3-20.
4. Cherniak DJ (1998) Rare earth element and gallium diffusion in yttrium aluminum garnet. Phys Chem Miner 26: 156-163.
5. Chrisey DB, Hubler GK (2003) Pulsed laser deposition of thin films. Wiley, New York, p 648.
6. Cliff G, Lorimer GW (1975) The quantitative analysis of thin specimens. J Microsc 103: 203-207.
7. Constable S, Duba A (2002) Diffusion and mobility of electrically conducting defects in olivine. Phys Chem Miner 29: 446-454.
8. Crank J (1975) The mathematics of diffusion. Oxford University Press, New York.
9. Czochralski J (1918) Ein neues Verfahren zur Messung der Kristallisationsgeschwindigkeit der Metalle. Z Phys Chem 92: 219-221.
10. Dobrzycki L, Bulska E, Pawlak DA, Frukacz Z, Wozniak K (2004) Structure of YAG crystals doped/substituted with erbium and ytterbium. Inorg Chem 43: 7656-7664.
11. 3 perovskite. Earth Planet Sci Lett 270: 125-129.
12. Dohmen R, Becker H-W, Meißner E, Etzel T, Chakraborty S (2002) Production of silicate thin films using pulsed laser deposition (PLD) and applications to studies in mineral kinetics. Eur J Miner 14: 1155-1168.
13. Dohmen R, Becker H-W, Chakraborty S (2007) Fe-Mg diffusion in olivine I: experimental determination between 700 and 1, 200°C as a function of composition, crystal orientation and oxygen fugacity. Phys Chem Miner 34: 389-407.
14. Feldman LC, Mayer JW (1986) Fundamentals of surface and thin film analysis. Prentice Hall, USA.
15. Fiddicke J, Oelgart G (1985) The importance of the excitation volume for the determination of the minority carrier diffusion length. Physica Status Solidi A Appl Res 87: 383-389.
16. Ganguly J, Cheng W, Chakraborty S (1998) Cation diffusion in aluminosilicate garnets: experimental determination in pyrope-almandine diffusion couples. Contrib Miner Petrol 131: 171-180.
17. Gardés E, Montel J-M (2009) Opening and resetting temperatures in heating geochronological systems. Contrib Miner Petrol 158: 185-195. doi: 10. 1007/s00410-009-0377-6.
18. 3+ interdiffusion. Geochim Cosmochim Acta 70: 2325-2336.
19. 2+ interdiffusion. Geochim Cosmochim Acta 71: 4036-4043.
20. Geusic JE, Marcos HM, van Uitert LG (1964) Laser Oscillations in Nd-doped yttrium aluminum, yttrium gallium and gadolinium garnets. Appl Phys Lett 4: 182-184.
21. Hartmann K, Wirth R, Heinrich W (2010) Synthetic near Σ5 (210)/[100] grain boundary in YAG fabricated by direct bonding: structure and stability. Phys Chem Miner 37: 291-300. doi: 10. 1007/s00269-009-0333-z.
22. Hofmann S (1998) Sputter depth profile analysis of interfaces. Rep Prog Phys 61: 827-888.
23. Humphreys FJ, Hatherly M (1996) Recrystallization and related annealing phenomena. Pergamon, Oxford.
24. Ikesue A, Aung YL (2006) Synthesis and performance of advanced ceramic lasers. J Am Ceram Soc 89: 1936-1944.
25. Ikesue A, Kamata K, Yoshida K (1996) Effects of neodymium concentration on optical characteristics of polycrystalline Nd: YAG laser materials. J Am Ceram Soc 79: 1921-1926.
26. Jaoul O, Béjina F (2005) Empirical determination of diffusion coefficients and geospeedometry. Geochim Cosmochim Acta 69: 1027-1040.
27. Jaoul O, Sautter V, Abel F (1991) Nuclear microanalysis; a powerful tool for measuring low atomic diffusivity with mineralogical applications. Adv Phys Geochem 8: 198-220.
28. Jiménez-Melendo M, Haneda H, Nozawa H (2001) Ytterbium cation diffusion in yttrium aluminum garnet (YAG): implications for creep mechanisms. J Am Ceram Soc 84: 2356-2360.
29. Kaur I, Mishin Y, Gust W (1995) Fundamentals of grain and interphase boundary diffusion. Wiley, Chichester.
30. Kótai E (1994) Computer methods for analysis and simulation of RBS and ERDA spectra. Nucl Instrum Methods Phys Res B 85: 588-596.
31. Kuklja MM (2000) Defects in yttrium aluminium perovskite and garnet crystals: atomistic study. J Phys Condens Matter 12: 2953.
32. Kuklja MM, Pandey R (1999) Atomistic modeling of native point defects in yttrium aluminum garnet crystals. J Am Ceram Soc 82: 2881-2886.
33. Lasaga AC (1979) Multicomponent exchange and diffusion in silicates. Geochem Cosmochem Acta 43: 455-469.
34. Lee MR, Bland PA, Graham G (2003) Preparation of TEM samples by focused ion beam (FIB) techniques; applications to the study of clays and phyllosilicates in meteorites. Miner Mag 67: 581-592.
35. Lee MR, Brown DJ, Smith CL, Hodson ME, MacKenzie M, Hellmann R (2007) Characterization of mineral surfaces using FIB and TEM: a case study of naturally weathered alkali feldspars. Am Miner 92: 1383-1394.
36. Lee MR, Brown DJ, Hodson ME, MacKenzie M, Smith CL (2009) Weathering microenvironments on feldspar surfaces: implications for understanding fluid-mineral reactions in soils. Miner Mag 72: 1319-1328.
37. Lu J, Prabhu M, Song J, Li C, Xu J, Ueda K, Kaminskii AA, Yagi H, Yanagitani T (2000) Optical properties and highly efficient laser oscillation of Nd: YAG ceramics. Appl Phys B Lasers Opt 71: 469-473.
38. Lu J, Ueda K-I, Yagi H, Yanagitani T, Akiyama Y, Kaminskii AA (2002) Neodymium doped yttrium aluminum garnet (Y3Al5O12) nanocrystalline ceramics-a new generation of solid state laser and optical materials. J Alloy Compd 341: 220-225.
39. Lupei V, Lupei A, Pavel N, Taira T, Ikesue A (2001) Comparative investigation of spectroscopic and laser emission characteristics under direct 885-nm pump of concentrated Nd: YAG ceramics and crystals. Appl Phys B Lasers Opt 73: 757-762.
40. Marquardt H, Ganschow S, Schilling F (2009) Thermal diffusivity of natural and synthetic garnet solid solution series. Phys Chem Miner 36: 107-118.
41. Meissner E, Sharp TG, Chakraborty S (1998) Quantitative measurement of short compositional profiles using analytical transmission electron microscopy. Am Miner 83: 546-552.
42. Milke R, Abart R, Kunze K, Koch M, Ller M, Schmid D, Ulmer P (2009) Matrix rheology effects on reaction rim growth I: evidence from orthopyroxene rim growth experiments. J Met Geol 27: 71-82.
43. Overwijk MHF, van den Heuvel FC, Bulle-Lieuwma CWT (1993) Novel scheme for the preparation of transmission electron microscopy specimens with a focused ion beam. J Vac Sci Technol B 11: 2021-2024.
44. Pavel N, Lupei V, Saikawa J, Taira T, Kan H (2006) Neodymium concentration dependence of 0.94-, 1.06- and 1.34-μm laser emission and of heating effects under 809- and 885-nm diode laser pumping of Nd: YAG. Appl Phys B Lasers Opt 82: 599-605.
45. Peters MI, Reimanis IE (2003) Grain boundary grooving studies of yttrium aluminum garnet (YAG) bicrystals. J Am Ceram Soc 86: 870-872.
46. Phaneuf MW (1999) Applications of focused ion beam microscopy to materials science specimens. Micron 30: 277-288.
47. Schmid DW, Abart R, Podladchikov YY, Milke R (2009) Matrix rheology effects on reaction rim growth II: coupled diffusion and creep model. J Met Geol 27: 83-91.
48. Shannon R (1976) Revised effective ionic radii and systematic studies of interatomic distances in halides and chalcogenides. Acta Crystallogr Sec A 32: 751-767.
49. Tirone M, Ganguly J, Dohmen R, Langenhorst F, Hervig R, Becker H-W (2005) Rare earth diffusion kinetics in garnet: experimental studies and applications. Geochim Cosmochim Acta 69: 2385-2398.
50. Weber R, Abadie J (2001) Processing and optical properties of YAG- and rare-earth-aluminum oxide-composition glass fibers. Mater Res Soc 702: 193-204.
51. Williams DB, Carter BC (1996) Transmission electron microscopy. Springer, New York, p 729.
52. Wirth R (2004) Focused ion beam (FIB): a novel technology for advanced application of micro- and nanoanalysis in geosciences and applied mineralogy. Eur J Mineral 16: 863-876.
53. Yin H, Deng P, Gan F (1998) Defects in YAG: Yb crystals. J Appl Phys 83: 3825-3828.
54. Young Chul S, Bum Jun K, Dong Hoon K, Young Min K, Tae Geun K (2006) Investigation of Zn diffusion by SIMS and its effects on the performance of AlGaInP-based red lasers. Semicond Sci Technol 21: 35.