Pesticide safety training and practices in women working in small-scale agriculture in South Africa

Occupational and Environmental Medicine

Volumn 67, Issue 12, 2010, Pages 823-828

  Naidoo, Saloshni ^a   London, L ^b   Rother, H A ^b   Burdorf, A ^c   Naidoo, R N ^a   Kromhout, H ^d  

^a UNIVERSITY OF KWAZULU NATAL   (South Africa)

^b UNIVERSITY OF CAPE TOWN   (South Africa)

^c ERASMUS MEDICAL CENTER   (Netherlands)

^d UTRECHT UNIVERSITY   (Netherlands)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ACETYLCHOLINESTERASE; PESTICIDE;

ADULT; AGED; AGRICULTURAL WORKER; ARTICLE; FEMALE; HUMAN; OCCUPATIONAL HAZARD; OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY; PERSONAL HYGIENE; PRIORITY JOURNAL; SOUTH AFRICA; STRUCTURED QUESTIONNAIRE; TRAINING;

ACETYLCHOLINESTERASE; ADOLESCENT; ADULT; AGED; AGED, 80 AND OVER; AGRICULTURAL WORKERS' DISEASES; CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDIES; FEMALE; HEALTH BEHAVIOR; HUMANS; HYGIENE; MIDDLE AGED; OCCUPATIONAL EXPOSURE; PESTICIDES; PROTECTIVE DEVICES; SAFETY MANAGEMENT; SOUTH AFRICA; YOUNG ADULT;

EID: 78649642690     PISSN: 13510711     EISSN: 14707926     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1136/oem.2010.055863     Document Type: Article

References (36)

1. International Labour Organisation. Global employment trends for women: March 2009. Geneva: International Labour Office, 2009.
2. Rao P, Gentry AL, Quandt SA, et al. Pesticide safety behaviors in Latino farmworker family households. Am J Ind Med 2006;49:271-80.
3. Atreya K. Pesticide use knowledge and practices: a gender differences in Nepal. Environl Res 2007;104:305-11.
4. Ecobichon DJ. Pesticide use in developing countries. Toxicology 2001;160:27-33.
5. Mansour SA. Pesticide exposure - Egyptian scene. Toxicology 2004;198:91-115.
6. Smith C, Kerr K, Sadripour A. Pesticide exports from U.S. ports 2001-2003. Int J Occup Environ Health 2008;14:176-86.
7. Jors E, Morant RC, Aguilar GC, et al. Occupational pesticide intoxications among farmers in Bolivia: a cross-sectional study. Environ Health 2006;5:10. (Pubitemid 43764075)
8. Sekiyama M, Tanaka M, Gunawan B, et al. Pesticide usage and its association with health symptoms among farmers in rural villages in West Java, Indonesia. Environ Sci 2007;14:23-33.
9. Palis FG, Flor RJ, Warburton H, et al. Our farmers at risk: behaviour and belief system in pesticide safety. J Public Health 2006;28:43-8.
10. Hanshi JA. Use of pesticides and personal protective equipment by applicators in a Kenyan district. African Newsletter on Occupational Health and Safety 2001;11:74-6.
11. London L, Bailie R. Challenges for improving surveillance for pesticide poisoning: policy implications for developing countries. Int J Epidemiol 2001;30:564-70.
12. Rother HA, Hall R, London L. Pesticide use among emerging farmers in South Africa: contributing factors and stakeholder perceptions. Development Southern Africa 2008;25:399-424.
13. Hall R. A political economy of land reform in South Africa. Review of African Political Economy 2004;31:213-27.
14. Department of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries. Fertilizers, Farm Feeds, Agricultural Remedies and Stock Remedies Act, (Act No. 36 of 1947). Pretoria.
15. Department of Health. National Health Act, (Act No. 61of 2003). Pretoria.
16. Department of Labour. Regulations for Hazardous Chemical Substances Occupational Health and Safety Act (Act No. 85 of 1993). Pretoria.
17. Naidoo S, London L, Burdorf A, et al. Agricultural activities, pesticide use and occupational hazards among women working in small scale farming in Northern KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa. Int J Occup Environ Health 2008;14:218-24.
18. London L, de Grosbois S, Wessling C, et al. Pesticide usage and health consequences for women in developing countries: out of sight, out of mind? Int J Occup Environ Health 2002;8:46-59.
19. Robins T, Salie F, Gwagwa T. Occupational hazards, living conditions, and physical assault of sugar cane workers in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa. S Afr Med J 1998;88:1117-27.
20. London L, Nell V, Thompson ML, et al. Health status among farm workers in the Western Cape - collateral evidence from a study of occupational hazards. South Africa. S Afr Med J 1998;88:1096-101. (Pubitemid 28468254)
21. Wessling C, Keifer M, Alhbom A. Long-term neurobehavioral effects of mild poisonings with organophosphate and n-methyl carbamate pesticides among banana workers. Int J Occup Environ Health 2002;8:27-34.
22. Ngowi AV, Maeda DN, Partanen TJ, et al. Acute health effects of organophosphorus pesticides on Tanzanian small-scale coffee growers. J Expo Anal Environ Epidemiol 2001;11:335-9.
23. Rother H-A. South African farm workers' interpretation of risk assessment data expressed as pictograms on pesticide labels. Environ Res 2008;108:419-27.
24. EQM and Research. Test-mate che cholinesterase test system (model 400). Instruction manual. Cincinnati. OH. USA: EQM Research Inc (Manual-E). 2003:1-31.
25. McConnell R, Cedillo L, Keifer M, et al. Monitoring organophosphate insecticide-exposed workers for cholinesterase depression. New technology for office or field use. J Occup Med 1992;34:34-7.
26. Ibitayo OO. Egyptian farmers' attitudes and behaviors regarding agricultural pesticides: implications for pesticide risk communication. Risk Anal 2006;26:989-95.
27. Mancini F, Van Bruggen AH, Jiggins JL, et al. Acute pesticide poisoning among female and male cotton growers in India. Int J Occup Environ Health 2005;11:221-32.
28. Cantor A, Young-Holt B. Pesticide-related symptoms among farm workers in rural Honduras. Int J Occup Environ Health 2002;8;41-5.
29. Forst L, Noth IM, Lacey S, et al. Barriers and benefits of protective eyewear use by latino farm workers. J Agromedicine 2006:11;11-17.
30. Statistics South Africa. Income and expenditure of households 2005/2006: analysis of results. Pretoria: Statistics South Africa 2007.
31. Sereda BL, Meindhardt. Contamination of the water environment in malaria endemic areas of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa by agricultural insecticide. Bull Environ Contam Toxicol 2005;75:530-7.
32. London L, Thompson ML, Sacks S, et al. Repeatability and validity of a field kit for estimation of cholinesterase in whole blood. Occup Environ Med 1995;52:57-64.
33. Gomes J, Lloyd O, Revitt DM, et al. Erythrocyte cholinesterase activity levels in desert farm workers. Occup Med 1997;47:90-4. (Pubitemid 27139895)
34. Ciesielski S, Loomis DP, Mims SR, et al. Pesticide exposures, cholinesterase depression, and symptoms among North Carolina migrant farmworkers. Am J Public Health 1994;84:446-51.
35. World Health Organization (WHO). The WHO recommended classification of pesticides by hazard and guidelines to classification. Geneva, Switzerland: WHO 2004.
36. Pretty J. Agricultural sustainability: concepts, principles and evidence. Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci 2008;363:447-65.