Heavy in utero ethanol exposure is associated with the use of other drugs of abuse in a high-risk population

Alcohol

Volumn 44, Issue 7-8, 2010, Pages 623-627

  Shor, Sarit ^a,b   Nulman, Irena ^a   Kulaga, Vivian ^a,b   Koren, Gideon ^a,b  

^a HOSPITAL FOR SICK CHILDREN   (Canada)

^b UNIVERSITY OF TORONTO   (Canada)

Author keywords

Alcoholism; Drugs of abuse; Ethanol; FAEE; Meconium; Neonatal hair

Indexed keywords

ALCOHOL; AMPHETAMINE; BARBITURIC ACID DERIVATIVE; CANNABINOID; CANNABIS; COCAINE; FATTY ACID ESTER; METHADONE; OPIATE DERIVATIVE; OXYCODONE; PETHIDINE; PHENCYCLIDINE; TRICYCLIC ANTIDEPRESSANT AGENT;

ALCOHOLISM; ARTICLE; CONTROLLED STUDY; DRUG ABUSE; FATTY ACID ANALYSIS; HAIR ANALYSIS; HIGH RISK POPULATION; HUMAN; MECONIUM; NEWBORN; PREGNANCY OUTCOME; PRENATAL EXPOSURE;

ALCOHOLISM; AMPHETAMINES; CANNABINOIDS; COCAINE; ESTERS; FATTY ACIDS; FEMALE; FETAL ALCOHOL SYNDROME; HAIR; HUMANS; INFANT, NEWBORN; MATERNAL-FETAL EXCHANGE; MECONIUM; MORPHINE DERIVATIVES; PREGNANCY; PREGNANCY COMPLICATIONS; PREGNANCY OUTCOME; PRENATAL EXPOSURE DELAYED EFFECTS; RISK FACTORS; SUBSTANCE-RELATED DISORDERS;

EID: 78649635293     PISSN: 07418329     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.alcohol.2009.08.008     Document Type: Article

References (38)

1. Arria A.M., Derauf C., LaGasse L.L., Grant P., Shah R., Smith L., et al. Methamphetamine and other substance use during pregnancy: Preliminary estimates from the Infant Development, Environmental, and Lifestyle (IDEAL) study. Matern. Child Health J. 2006, 10:293-302.
2. Bateman D.A., Ng S.K., Hansen C.A., Heagarty M.C. The effects of intrauterine cocaine exposure in newborns. Am. J. Public Health 1993, 83:190-193.
3. Bearer C.F. Markers to detect drinking during pregnancy. Alcohol Res. Health 2001, 25:210-218.
4. Bearer C.F., Gould S., Emerson R., Kinnunen P., Cook C.S. Fetal alcohol syndrome and fatty acid ethyl esters. Pediatr. Res. 1992, 31:492-495.
5. Bearer C.F., Jacobson J.L., Jacobson S.W., Barr D., Croxford J., Molteno C.D., et al. Validation of a new biomarker of fetal exposure to alcohol. J. Pediatr. 2003, 143:463-469.
6. Bearer C.F., Lee S., Salvator A.E., Minnes S., Swick A., Yamashita T., et al. Ethyl linoleate in meconium: a biomarker for prenatal ethanol exposure. Alcohol. Clin. Exp. Res. 1999, 23:487-493.
7. Best C.A., Laposata M. Fatty acid ethyl esters: toxic non-oxidative metabolites of ethanol and markers of ethanol intake. Front. Biosci. 2003, 8:e202-e217.
8. Centre for Addiction and Mental Health (CAMH) Methamphetamine use down among Ontario students, 1999-2005. CAMH Popul. Stud. eBull March/April 2006, Retrieved from, August 15, 2008. http://www.camh.net/Research/Areas_of_research/Population_Life_Course_Studies/eBulletins/research_population_ebulletins.html.
9. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) Alcohol and public health, frequently asked questions Retrieved from, August 28, 2008. http://www.cdc.gov/alcohol/faqs.htm.
10. Chan D., Bar-Oz B., Pellerin B., Paciorek C., Klein J., Kapur B., et al. Population baseline of meconium fatty acid ethyl esters among infants of non-drinking women in Jerusalem and Toronto. Ther. Drug Monit. 2003, 25:271-278.
11. Chan D., Knie B., Boskovic R., Koren G. Placental handling of fatty acid ethyl esters: perfusion and subcellular studies. J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther. 2004, 310:75-82.
12. Chouteau M., Namerow P.B., Leppert P. The effect of cocaine abuse on birthweight and gestational age. Obstet. Gynecol. 1998, 72:351-354.
13. Cook J.D. Biochemical markers of alcohol use in pregnant women. Clin. Biochem. 2003, 36:9-19.
14. Dell C.A., Roberts G. Research update. Alcohol use and pregnancy: an important Canadian public health and social issue. Public Health Agency of Canada. Library and Archives Canada Cataloguing in Publication Retrieved from, September 1, 2008. http://www.phac-aspc.gc.ca/fasd-etcaf/index.html.
15. Ebrahim S.H., Gfroerer J. Pregnancy-related substance use in the United States during 1996-1998. Obstet. Gynecol. 2003, 101:374-379.
16. Gareri J., Klein J., Koren G. Drugs of abuse testing in meconium. Clin. Chim. Acta 2006, 366:101-111.
17. Gladstone J., Levy M., Nulman I., Koren G. Characteristics of pregnant women who engage in binge alcohol consumption. Can. Med. Assoc. J. 1997, 156:789-794.
18. Graham K., Koren G., Lein J., Schneiderman J., Greenwald M. Determination of gestational cocaine exposure by hair analysis. JAMA 1989, 262:3328-3330.
19. Hutson J.R., Aleksa K., Pragst F., Koren G. Detection and quantification of fatty acid ethyl esters in meconium by headspace-solid-phase microextraction and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. J. Chromatogr. B. 2009, 877:8-12.
20. Kintz P., Mangin P. Determination of gestational opiate, nicotine, benzodiazepine, cocaine and amphetamine exposure by hair analysis. J. Forensic Sci. Soc. 1993, 33:139-142.
21. Klein J., Forman R., Eliopoulos C., Koren G. A method for simultaneous measurements of cocaine and nicotine in neonatal hair. Ther. Drug Monit. 1994, 16:67-70.
22. Kokotailo P.K., Adger J., Duggan A.K., Repke J., Joffee A. Cigarette, alcohol and other drug use by school age pregnant adolescents: prevalence, detection, and associated risk factors. Pediatrics 1992, 90:328-334.
23. Kwong T.C., Ryan R.M. Detection of intrauterine illicit drug exposure by newborn drug testing. Clin. Chem. 1997, 3:235-242.
24. Lester B.M., ElSohly M., Wright L.L., Smeriglio V.L., Verter J., Bauer C.R., et al. The maternal lifestyle study: drug use by meconium toxicology and maternal self-report. Pediatrics 2001, 107:309-317.
25. Mechoulam R., Parker L. Cannabis and alcohol-a close friendship. Trends Pharmacol. Sci. 2003, 24:266-268.
26. Ostrea E.M., Brady M., Gause S., Raymundo A.L., Stevens M. Drug Screening of newborns by meconium analysis: a large-scale, prospective, epidemiologic study. Pediatrics 1992, 89:107-113.
27. Ostrea E.M., Parks P.M., Brady M.J. Rapid isolation and detection of drugs in meconium of infants of drug-dependent mothers. Clin. Chem. 1988, 34:2372-2373.
28. Petitti D.B., Coleman C. Cocaine and the risk of low birthweight. Am. J. Public Health 1990, 80:25-28.
29. Pichini S., Pacifici R., Pellegrini M., Marchei E., Lozano J., Murillo J., et al. Development and validation of a high-performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry assay for determination of amphetamine, methamphetamine, and methylenedioxy derivates in meconium. Anal. Chem. 2004, 76:2124-2132.
30. Pichini S., Pacifici R., Pellegrini M., Marchei E., Perez-Alarcon E., Puig C., et al. Development and validation of a liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry assay for the determination of opiates and cocaine in meconium. J. Chromatogr. B, Anal. Technol. Biomed. Life Sci. 2003, 794:281-292.
31. Popova S., Rehm J., Fischer B. An overview of illegal opioid use and health services utilization in Canada. J. Royal Inst. Public Health 2006, 120:1-9.
32. Rosengren S.S., Longobucco D.B., Bernstein B.A., Fishman S., Cooke E., Boctor F., et al. Meconium testing for cocaine metabolite: prevalence, perceptions, and pitfalls. Am. J. Obstet. Gynecol. 1993, 168:1449-1456.
33. Russell M., Martier S.S., Sokol R.J., Mudar P., Jacobson S., Jacobson J. Detecting risk drinking during pregnancy: a comparison of four screening questionnaires. Am. J. Public Health 1996, 86:1435-1439.
34. Sampson P.D., Streissguth A.P., Bookstein F.L., Little R.E., Clarren S.K., Dehaene P. Incidence of fetal alcohol syndrome and prevalence of alcohol-related neurodevelopmental disorder. Teratology 1997, 56:317-326.
35. Schneider J.W., Chasnoff I.J. Motor assessment of cocaine/polydrug exposed infants at age 4 months. Neurotoxicol. Teratol. 1992, 14:97-101.
36. Stoler J.M., Huntinton K.S., Peterson C.M., Peterson K.P., Daniel P., Aboagye K.K., et al. The prenatal detection of significant alcohol exposure with maternal blood markers. J. Pediatr. 1998, 133:346-352.
37. Tjepkema M. Alcohol and illicit drug dependence. Suppl. Health Rep. 2004, 15:9-19.
38. Umans J.G., Szeto H.H. Effects of opiates on fetal behavioral activity in utero. Life Sci. 1983, 33:639-642.