Delivering Energy Savings Through Community-Based Organizations

Electricity Journal

Volumn 23, Issue 9, 2010, Pages 65-74

  Berry, David ^a  

^a NONE

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ADOPTION OF ENERGY-EFFICIENCY MEASURES; COMMUNITY-BASED ORGANIZATIONS; ENERGY SAVINGS; ENERGY EFFICIENCY PROGRAMS; ENERGY-SAVINGS; PROGRAM PARTICIPATION;

ENERGY EFFICIENCY;

EID: 78649449312     PISSN: 10406190     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.tej.2010.10.009     Document Type: Article

References (32)

1. American Council for an Energy-Efficient Economy, State Energy Efficiency Resource Standard (EERS) Activity, April 2010, Washington, DC, 2010.
2. Thomas Dietz, Gerald Gardner, Jonathan Gilligan, Paul Stern, and Michael Vandenbergh, Household Actions Can Provide a Behavioral Wedge to Rapidly Reduce U.S. Carbon Emissions, Proc. of National Acad. of Sci., Vol. 106, Nov. 3, 2009, at 18452-18456.
3. For a more general discussion of community-based organizations, see Gill Seyfang and Adrian Smith, Community Action: A Neglected Site of Innovation for Sustainable Development? CSERGE Working Paper EDM 06-10, University of East Anglia Centre for Social and Economic Research on the Global Environment, Norwich, UK, 2006. The authors distinguish community-based organizations from business firms. Community-based organizations are motivated by social need or ideology as opposed to a profit motive, occupy a niche in the social economy which is concerned with social and cultural values instead of a market economy, and are voluntary organizations or cooperative enterprises which obtain funding from grants and volunteers instead of from commercial sales.
4. Angela High-Pippert and Steven Hoffman, It Takes Money to Buy Whiskey: Local Energy Systems and Civic Participation, presented at Midwest Political Science Association Meeting, Chicago, April 2008. Steven Hoffman and Angela High-Pippert, From Private Lives to Collective Action: Recruitment and Participation Incentives for a Community Energy Program, Energy Policy (forthcoming). Kent Portney, Civic Engagement and Sustainable Cities in the United States, Public Administration Review, Vol. 65, 2005 at 577. Lynn Mandarano, Social Network Analysis of Social Capital in Collaborative Planning, Society & Natural Res., Vol. 22, 2009, at 245.
5. Baltimore Office of Sustainability, Baltimore Neighborhood Energy Challenge Overview, Baltimore, 2009.
6. Efficiency Vermont, Vermont Community Energy Mobilization Pilot Project, Burlington, VT, 2009.
7. Mark Vitosh and Janette Thompson, Iowa Communities Benefit from an Externally Funded Tree-Planting Program, J. Arboriculture, Vol. 26, Mar. 2000, at 114-119.
8. Clean Energy Durham, First Year Report 2008, Durham, NC, 2009.
9. Thomas Measham and Guy Barnett, Environmental Volunteering: Motivations, Modes and Outcomes, CSIRO Working Paper Series 2007-03, Canberra, Australia, 2007. See also Hoffman and High-Pippert, supra note 4.
10. Steven Hoffman and Angela High-Pippert, Community Energy: A Social Architecture for an Alternative Energy Future, Bulletin of Sci., Tech. & Society, Vol. 25, 2005, at 387
11. Ivan Light, Social Capital's Unique Accessibility, J. Am. Planning Assn., Vol. 70, 2004, at 145
12. Xavier de Souza Briggs, Social Capital: Easy Beauty or Meaningful Resource? J. Am. Planning Assn., Vol. 70, 2004, at 151.
13. Christina Galitsky, Lynn Price and Ernst Worrell, Energy Efficiency Programs and Policies in the Industrial Sector in Industrialized Countries, LBNL 54068, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, 2004.
14. Doug McKenzie-Mohr, Promoting Sustainable Behavior: An Introduction to Community-Based Social Marketing, J. Social Issues, Vol. 56, 2000, at 543-554.
15. Ryan Kennedy, Paul Parker, Ian Rowlands and Daniel Scott, Taking Residential Energy Efficiency to the Streets: What Gets the Public Involved? Energy Studies Working Paper 2000-09, University of Waterloo Faculty of Environmental Sciences, Waterloo, ON, 2000.
16. See Western Resource Advocates, Phoenix Green: Designing a Community Tree Planting Program for Phoenix, Arizona, Boulder, CO, 2009.
17. Efficiency Vermont, supra note 6. Dethman & Associates, Corvallis Energy Challenge Evaluation, Report to Energy Trust of Oregon, Seattle, 2010.
18. Sources for Table 1: Baltimore Neighborhood Energy Challenge, Phase 1 Report, Baltimore, MD, 2010, at http://cleanergreenerbaltimore.org/uploads/files/BNEC%20Pilot%20Results%20Report.pdf
19. Baltimore Office of Sustainability, supra note 5. Efficiency Vermont, supra note 6. Dethman & Associates, supra note 15. Project Porchlight, Puget Sound, at www.projectporchlight.com/pugetsound-summary
20. Interfaith Power and Light, at http://interfaithpowerandlight.org/about/
21. Iowa Interfaith Power and Light, at http://www.iowaipl.org/energy_efficiency.html
22. Xcel Energy, Program Modification Request, 2010-2012 Conservation Improvement Program, filed at Minnesota Office of Energy Security, June 25, 2010, Docket No. E,G002/CIP-09-198. Neighborhood Energy Connection, Home Energy Squads, at http://www.thenec.org/home_energy/index.php?strWebAction=article_detail&intArticleID=510
23. Center for Energy and Environment, About CEE, at http://www.mncee.org/about/index.php. Home Energy Squad, at http://www.homeenergysquad.net/services/
24. Hamline-Midway Coalition, Save Money with Neighborhood Energy Service, at http://www.hamlinemidway.org/node/278
25. Trees Forever and Alliant Energy, Branching Out 20th Anniversary Report 1990-2010, Marion, IA, 2010. Zack Hill, Energy Efficiency through Trees, Alliant Energy, presentation at Green Infrastructure Summit and Urban Trees Forum, 2009. Vitosh and Thompson, supra note 7. Alliance for Community Trees, Case Study, Alliant Energy Branching Out Program and Aquila Trees Forever Community Program, at http://actrees.org/site//what_we_do/success_stories/alliant_energy_branching_out_program_and_aqui.php
26. Sacramento Municipal Utility District, Free Shade Trees, at http://www.smud.org/en/residential/trees/Pages/index.aspx
27. John Spoehr, Kathryn Davidson and Lou Wilson, An Evaluation of the Energy Efficiency Program for Low Income Households, Adelaide, Australian Institute for Social Research, University of Adelaide, 2006. Kennedy et al., supra note 13. Ryan Kennedy and Paul Parker, Effective Community Implementation of a National Program (REEP), Energy Studies Working Paper 2003-02, University of Waterloo Faculty of Environmental Sciences, Waterloo, ON, 2003. Clean Energy Durham, at http://www.cleanenergydurham.org/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=53&Itemid=7
28. Efficiency Vermont, Case Studies, The Manchester Challenge, The Poultney, Vermont Change a Light Challenge, and The 72 Hours of Light, Burlington, VT, no date.
29. Data sources: see note 16, supra. Also, with regard to REEP, see Paul Parker, Daniel Scott and Ian Rowlands, Strategies to Reduce Residential Energy Use and Carbon Emissions: Reversing Canadian Consumption Patterns, Energy Studies Working Paper 2001-01, University of Waterloo Faculty of Environmental Sciences, Waterloo, ON, 2001. Residential Energy Efficiency Project, REEP Waterloo Region 2008 Annual Report, Kitchener, ON, 2009.
30. Daniel Lawse, Phase I Report - Morton Meadows Neighborhood Energy Savings Program: A Pilot Program To Reduce Residential Energy Consumption Neighborhood-Wide, Project for Masters in Community and Regional Planning, University of Nebraska, Lincoln, 2008, at 34-35
31. Dethman and Associates, supra note 15. Efficiency Vermont, supra note 6.
32. Attachment to the community or place; Furthering a cause, especially environmental protection and sustainable living; Opportunities for social interaction, and Opportunities for learning.Social networks are also key to increasing adoption of energy efficiency measures and to changing behavior. Communication occurs through established relationships, making use of shared knowledge, and is based on expectations of trust and reciprocity.10