Mechanically tunable negative-index photonic crystal lens

IEEE Photonics Journal

Volumn 2, Issue 6, 2010, Pages 1003-1012

  Cui, Y ^a,b   Tamma, V A ^a   Lee, J B ^b   Park, W ^a  

^a UCB 450   (United States)

^b The University of Texas at Dallas   (United States)

Author keywords

Micro and Nano Opto Electro Mechanical Systems (MOEMS); Near field microscopy; Photonic crystals

Indexed keywords

2-D PHOTONIC CRYSTALS; APPLIED CURRENT; CONSTANT CURRENT SOURCE; ELECTRO-THERMAL ACTUATORS; FABRICATED DEVICE; FINITE-DIFFERENCE TIME-DOMAIN SIMULATION; FOCAL LENGTHS; HONEYCOMB LATTICES; INFRA-RED CAMERAS; MECHANICAL TUNING; MICRO AND NANO OPTO-ELECTRO- MECHANICAL SYSTEMS (MOEMS); MICROELECTROMECHANICAL SYSTEMS; NEAR FIELD MICROSCOPY; NEGATIVE-INDEX; PHOTONIC BAND STRUCTURES; SILICON RODS; SPOT SIZES; SU-8 MEMBRANES; TUNABLE LASERS;

ACTUATORS; CRYSTAL STRUCTURE; FINITE DIFFERENCE TIME DOMAIN METHOD; HONEYCOMB STRUCTURES; LASERS; LENSES; MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; MECHANICS; MEMS; MICROELECTROMECHANICAL DEVICES; OPTICAL INSTRUMENTS; SURFACE MICROMACHINING;

PHOTONIC CRYSTALS;

EID: 78649389410     PISSN: 19430655     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1109/JPHOT.2010.2091116     Document Type: Article

References (35)

1. E. Yablonovitch, "Inhibited spontaneous emission in solid-state physics and electronics", Phys. Rev. Lett., vol. 58, no. 20, pp. 2059-2062, May 1987.
2. S. John, "Strong localization of photons in certain disordered dielectric superlattices", Phys. Rev. Lett., vol. 58, no. 23, pp. 2486-2489, Jun. 1987.
3. J. D. Joannopoulos, S. G. Johnson, J. N. Winn, and R. D. Meade, Photonic Crystals: Molding the Flow of Light, 2nd ed. Princeton, NJ: Princeton Univ. Press, 2008.
4. M. Notomi, "Theory of light propagation in strongly modulated photonic crystals: Refractionlike behavior in the vicinity of the photonic band gap", Phys. Rev. B, Condens. Matter Mater. Phys., vol. 62, no. 16, pp. 10696-10705, Oct. 2000.
5. E. Schonbrun, Q. Wu, W. Park, T. Yamashita, C. J. Summers, M. Abashin, and Y. Fainman, "Wave front evolution of negatively refracted waves in photonic crystals", Appl. Phys. Lett., vol. 90, no. 4, p. 041113, Jan. 2007.
6. P. V. Parimi, W. T. Lu, P. Vodo, and S. Sridhar, "Photonic crystals: Imaging by flat lens using negative refraction", Nature, vol. 426, no. 6965, p. 404, Nov. 2003.
7. E. Schonbrun, T. Yamashita, W. Park, and C. J. Summers, "Negative-index imaging by an index-matched photonic crystal slab", Phys. Rev. B, Condens. Matter Mater. Phys., vol. 73, no. 19, p. 195117, May 2006.
8. P. T. Rakich, M. S. Dahlem, S. Tandon, M. Ibanescu, M. Soljacic, G. S. Petrich, J. D. Joannopoulos, L. A. Kolodziejski, and E. P. Ippen, "Achieving centimet re-scale supercollimation in a large-area two-dimensional photonic crystal", Nat. Mater., vol. 5, no. 2, pp. 93-96, Feb. 2006.
9. E. Schonbrun, Q. Wu, W. Park, T. Yamashita, and C. J. Summers, "Polarization beam splitter based on a photonic crystal heterostructure", Opt. Lett., vol. 31, no. 21, pp. 3104-3106, Oct. 2006.
10. W. Park, "Controlling the flow of light with silicon nanostructures", Laser Phys. Lett., vol. 7, no. 2, pp. 93-103, Jan. 2010.
11. H. Kosaka, T. Kawashima, A. Tomita, M. Notomi, T. Tamamura, T. Sato, and S. Kawakami, "Superprism phenomena in photonic crystals", Phys. Rev. B, Condens. Matter Mater. Phys., vol. 58, no. 16, pp. R10096-R10099, Oct. 1998.
12. W. Park and C. J. Summers, "Extraordinary refraction and dispersion in 2D photonic crystal slabs", Opt. Lett., vol. 27, no. 16, pp. 1387-1389, Aug. 2002.
13. Y. Akahane, T. Asano, B.-S. Song, and S. Noda, "Hight-Q photonic nanocavity in a two-dimensional photonic crystal", Nature, vol. 425, no. 6961, pp. 944-947, Oct. 2003.
14. B.-S. Song, S. Noda, T. Asano, and Y. Akahane, "Ultra-high-Q photonic double-heterostructure nanocavity", Nat. Mater., vol. 4, no. 3, pp. 207-210, Mar. 2005.
15. T. Baba, "Slow light in photonic crystals", Nat. Photon., vol. 2, no. 8, pp. 465-473, Aug. 2008.
16. K. Busch and S. John, "Liquid-crystal photonic-band-gap materials: The tunable electromagnetic vacuum", Phys. Rev. Lett., vol. 83, no. 5, pp. 967-970, Aug. 1999.
17. M. Roussey, M. P. Bernal, N. Courjal, and F. I. Baida, "Experimental and theoretical characterization of a lithium niobate photonic crystal", Appl. Phys. Lett., vol. 87, no. 24, p. 241101, Dec. 2005.
18. M. Roussey, M. P. Bernal, N. Courjal, D. V. Labeke, F. I. Baida, and R. Salut, "Electro-optic effect exaltation on lithium niobate photonic crystals due to slow photons", Appl. Phys. Lett., vol. 89, no. 24, p. 241110, Dec. 2006.
19. M. Schmidt, M. Eich, U. Huebner, and R. Boucher, "Electro-optically tunable photonic crystals", Appl. Phys. Lett., vol. 87, no. 12, p. 121110, Sep. 2005.
20. M. Tinker and J.-B. Lee, "Thermal and optical simulation of a photonic crystal light modulator based on the thermo-optic shift of the cut-off frequency", Opt. Express, vol. 13, no. 18, pp. 7174-7188, Sep. 2005.
21. M. Tinker and J.-B. Lee, "Thermo-optic photonic crystal light modulator", Appl. Phys. Lett., vol. 86, no. 22, p. 221111, May 2005.
22. Y. Cui, K. Liu, S. Foland, K. H. Choi, M. Tinker, D. MacFarlane, and J.-B. Lee, "Silicon-based thermo-optically tunable photonic crystal lens", IEEE Photon. Technol. Lett., vol. 22, no. 1, pp. 21-23, Jan. 2010.
23. C. J. Summers, C. W. Neff, and W. Park, "Active photonic crystal nano-architectures", J. Nonlinear Opt. Phys. Mater., vol. 12, no. 4, pp. 587-597, Dec. 2003.
24. W. Park and J.-B. Lee, "Mechanically tunable photonic crystal structure", Appl. Phys. Lett., vol. 85, no. 21, pp. 4845-4847, Aug. 2004. (Pubitemid 40715148)
25. C. W. Wong, P. T. Rakich, S. G. Johnson, M. Qi, H. I. Smith, E. P. Ippen, L. C. Kimerling, Y. Jeon, G. Barbastathis, and S.-G. Kim, "Strain-tunable photonic band gap microcavities in optical waveguides", Appl. Phys. Lett., vol. 84, no. 8, pp. 1242-1244, Feb. 2004.
26. Q. Wu, E. Schonbrun, and W. Park, "Tunable superlensing by a mechanically controlled photonic crystal", J. Opt. Soc. Amer. B, Opt. Phys., vol. 23, no. 3, pp. 479-484, Mar. 2006.
27. Q. Wu and W. Park, "Broadband sub-wavelength imaging by mechanically tunable photonic crystal", J. Comput. Theor. Nanosci., vol. 2, no. 2, pp. 202-206, Jun. 2005.
28. H. Lorenz, M. Despont, N. Fahrni, N. Labianca, P. Renaud, and P. Vettiger, "SU-8: A low-cost negative resist for MEMS", J. Micromech. Microeng., vol. 7, no. 3, pp. 121-124, Apr. 1997.
29. S. F. Hwang, J. H. Yu, B. J. Lai, and H. K. Liu, "Young's modulus and interlaminar fracture toughness of SU-8 film on silicon wafer", Mech. Mater., vol. 40, no. 8, pp. 658-664, Feb. 2008.
30. S. Singamaneni, K. Bertoldi, S. Chang, J. Jang, E. L. Thomas, M. C. Boyce, and V. V. Tsukruk, "Instabilities and pattern transformation in periodic, porous elastoplastic solid coatings", Appl. Mater. Interfaces, vol. 1, no. 1, pp. 42-47, Jan. 2009.
31. E. T. Enikov and K. Lazarov, "PCB-integrated metallic thermal micro-actuators", Sens. Actuators A, Phys., vol. 105, no. 1, pp. 76-82, Jun. 2003.
32. A. A. Geisberger and N. Sarkar, "Techniques in MEMS microthermal actuators and their applications", in Proc. MEMS/NEMS, 2006, pp. 201-261.
33. M. Tinker, E. Schonbrun, J.-B. Lee, and W. Park, "Process integration and development of inverted photonic crystal arrays", J. Vac. Sci. Technol. B, Microelectron. Nanometer Struct., vol. 24, no. 2, pp. 705-709, Mar. 2006.
34. E. Schonbrun, M. Tinker, W. Park, and J.-B. Lee, "Negative refraction in a Si-polymer photonic crystal membrane", IEEE Photon. Technol. Lett., vol. 17, no. 6, pp. 1196-1198, Jun. 2005. (Pubitemid 40843461)
35. Y. Cui, Q. Wu, W. Park, J. Jeon, M. J. Kim, and J.-B. Lee, "MEMS based mechanically tunable flexible photonic crystal", in Proc. Transducers, 2009, pp. 509-512.