메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 36, Issue 4, 2010, Pages 637-646

Musculoskeletal Manifestations of Thyroid Disease

Author keywords

Arthritis; Endocrine; Thyroid

Indexed keywords

ALENDRONIC ACID; AUTOANTIBODY; CALCIUM; CALCIUM PYROPHOSPHATE; CORTICOSTEROID; THIAMAZOLE; VITAMIN D;

EID: 78449238461     PISSN: 0889857X     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.rdc.2010.09.001     Document Type: Review
Times cited : (35)

References (78)
  • 1
    • 37849044360 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Serum TSH and total T4 in the United States population and their association with participant characteristics: National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES 1999-2002)
    • Aoki Y., Belin R.M., Clickner R., et al. Serum TSH and total T4 in the United States population and their association with participant characteristics: National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES 1999-2002). Thyroid 2007, 17(12):1211-1223.
    • (2007) Thyroid , vol.17 , Issue.12 , pp. 1211-1223
    • Aoki, Y.1    Belin, R.M.2    Clickner, R.3
  • 2
    • 0017757504 scopus 로고
    • The spectrum of thyroid disease in a community: the Whickham survey
    • Tunbridge W.M., Evered D.C., Hall R., et al. The spectrum of thyroid disease in a community: the Whickham survey. Clin Endocrinol (Oxf) 1977, 7(6):481-493.
    • (1977) Clin Endocrinol (Oxf) , vol.7 , Issue.6 , pp. 481-493
    • Tunbridge, W.M.1    Evered, D.C.2    Hall, R.3
  • 3
    • 0029046372 scopus 로고
    • The incidence of thyroid disorders in the community: a twenty-year follow-up of the Whickham Survey
    • Vanderpump M.P., Tunbridge W.M., French J.M., et al. The incidence of thyroid disorders in the community: a twenty-year follow-up of the Whickham Survey. Clin Endocrinol (Oxf) 1995, 43(1):55-68.
    • (1995) Clin Endocrinol (Oxf) , vol.43 , Issue.1 , pp. 55-68
    • Vanderpump, M.P.1    Tunbridge, W.M.2    French, J.M.3
  • 4
    • 0016802398 scopus 로고
    • Joint effusions, chondrocalcinosis and other rheumatic manifestations in hypothyroidism. A clinicopathologic study
    • Dorwart B.B., Schumacher H.R. Joint effusions, chondrocalcinosis and other rheumatic manifestations in hypothyroidism. A clinicopathologic study. Am J Med 1975, 59(6):780-790.
    • (1975) Am J Med , vol.59 , Issue.6 , pp. 780-790
    • Dorwart, B.B.1    Schumacher, H.R.2
  • 5
    • 0021670341 scopus 로고
    • Articular chondrocalcinosis in a hospital population: an Australian experience
    • Gordon T.P., Smith M., Ebert B., et al. Articular chondrocalcinosis in a hospital population: an Australian experience. Aust N Z J Med 1984, 14(5):655-659.
    • (1984) Aust N Z J Med , vol.14 , Issue.5 , pp. 655-659
    • Gordon, T.P.1    Smith, M.2    Ebert, B.3
  • 6
    • 0024315050 scopus 로고
    • Lack of association between hypothyroidism and chondrocalcinosis
    • Komatireddy G.R., Ellman M.H., Brown N.L. Lack of association between hypothyroidism and chondrocalcinosis. J Rheumatol 1989, 16(6):807-808.
    • (1989) J Rheumatol , vol.16 , Issue.6 , pp. 807-808
    • Komatireddy, G.R.1    Ellman, M.H.2    Brown, N.L.3
  • 7
    • 0027339286 scopus 로고
    • Does hypothyroidism increase the prevalence of chondrocalcinosis?
    • Job-Deslandre C., Menkes C.J., Guinot M., et al. Does hypothyroidism increase the prevalence of chondrocalcinosis?. Br J Rheumatol 1993, 32(3):197-198.
    • (1993) Br J Rheumatol , vol.32 , Issue.3 , pp. 197-198
    • Job-Deslandre, C.1    Menkes, C.J.2    Guinot, M.3
  • 8
    • 0027102161 scopus 로고
    • Diseases associated with calcium pyrophosphate deposition disease
    • Jones A.C., Chuck A.J., Arie E.A., et al. Diseases associated with calcium pyrophosphate deposition disease. Semin Arthritis Rheum 1992, 22(3):188-202.
    • (1992) Semin Arthritis Rheum , vol.22 , Issue.3 , pp. 188-202
    • Jones, A.C.1    Chuck, A.J.2    Arie, E.A.3
  • 9
    • 0026006234 scopus 로고
    • Inorganic pyrophosphate in metabolic diseases predisposing to calcium pyrophosphate dihydrate crystal deposition
    • Doherty M., Chuck A., Hoskin D., et al. Inorganic pyrophosphate in metabolic diseases predisposing to calcium pyrophosphate dihydrate crystal deposition. Arthritis Rheum 1991, 34(10):1297-1303.
    • (1991) Arthritis Rheum , vol.34 , Issue.10 , pp. 1297-1303
    • Doherty, M.1    Chuck, A.2    Hoskin, D.3
  • 10
    • 0034968263 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Relationship between thyroid function and skeletal muscle in subclinical and overt hypothyroidism
    • Hartl E., Finsterer J., Grossegger C., et al. Relationship between thyroid function and skeletal muscle in subclinical and overt hypothyroidism. Endocrinologist 2001, 11:217-221.
    • (2001) Endocrinologist , vol.11 , pp. 217-221
    • Hartl, E.1    Finsterer, J.2    Grossegger, C.3
  • 11
    • 0034065086 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Neuromuscular findings in thyroid dysfunction: a prospective clinical and electrodiagnostic study
    • Duyff R.F., Van den Bosch J., Laman D.M., et al. Neuromuscular findings in thyroid dysfunction: a prospective clinical and electrodiagnostic study. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatr 2000, 68(6):750-755.
    • (2000) J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatr , vol.68 , Issue.6 , pp. 750-755
    • Duyff, R.F.1    Van den Bosch, J.2    Laman, D.M.3
  • 12
    • 0030101455 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Electroneuromyography and neuromuscular findings in 16 primary hypothyroidism patients
    • Cruz M.W., Tendrich M., Vaisman M., et al. Electroneuromyography and neuromuscular findings in 16 primary hypothyroidism patients. Arq Neuropsiquiatr 1996, 54(1):12-18.
    • (1996) Arq Neuropsiquiatr , vol.54 , Issue.1 , pp. 12-18
    • Cruz, M.W.1    Tendrich, M.2    Vaisman, M.3
  • 13
    • 0021152758 scopus 로고
    • Muscular abnormalities in experimental hypothyroidism of rats with special reference to the mounding phenomenon
    • Mizusawa H., Takagi A., Nonaka I., et al. Muscular abnormalities in experimental hypothyroidism of rats with special reference to the mounding phenomenon. Exp Neurol 1984, 85(3):480-492.
    • (1984) Exp Neurol , vol.85 , Issue.3 , pp. 480-492
    • Mizusawa, H.1    Takagi, A.2    Nonaka, I.3
  • 14
    • 0019424433 scopus 로고
    • Hypothyroidism presenting as muscle stiffness and pseudohypertrophy: Hoffmann's syndrome
    • Klein I., Parker M., Shebert R., et al. Hypothyroidism presenting as muscle stiffness and pseudohypertrophy: Hoffmann's syndrome. Am J Med 1981, 70(4):891-894.
    • (1981) Am J Med , vol.70 , Issue.4 , pp. 891-894
    • Klein, I.1    Parker, M.2    Shebert, R.3
  • 15
    • 0042193661 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Kocher-Debre-Semelaigne syndrome: hypothyroidism with muscle pseudohypertrophy
    • Tullu M.S., Udgirkar V.S., Muranjan M.N., et al. Kocher-Debre-Semelaigne syndrome: hypothyroidism with muscle pseudohypertrophy. Indian J Pediatr 2003, 70(8):671-673.
    • (2003) Indian J Pediatr , vol.70 , Issue.8 , pp. 671-673
    • Tullu, M.S.1    Udgirkar, V.S.2    Muranjan, M.N.3
  • 16
    • 0014866918 scopus 로고
    • Cretinism with muscular hypertrophy (Kocher-Debré-Sémélaigne syndrome). Histochemical and ultrastructural study of skeletal muscle
    • Spiro A.J., Hirano A., Beilin R.L., et al. Cretinism with muscular hypertrophy (Kocher-Debré-Sémélaigne syndrome). Histochemical and ultrastructural study of skeletal muscle. Arch Neurol 1970, 23(4):340-349.
    • (1970) Arch Neurol , vol.23 , Issue.4 , pp. 340-349
    • Spiro, A.J.1    Hirano, A.2    Beilin, R.L.3
  • 17
    • 0008986922 scopus 로고
    • Serum creatine-phosphokinase in thyroid disease
    • Graig F.A., Ross G. Serum creatine-phosphokinase in thyroid disease. Metabolism 1963, 12:57-59.
    • (1963) Metabolism , vol.12 , pp. 57-59
    • Graig, F.A.1    Ross, G.2
  • 18
    • 0000857534 scopus 로고
    • Serum enzymes in diseases of the thyroid gland
    • Griffiths P.D. Serum enzymes in diseases of the thyroid gland. J Clin Pathol 1965, 18(5):660-663.
    • (1965) J Clin Pathol , vol.18 , Issue.5 , pp. 660-663
    • Griffiths, P.D.1
  • 19
    • 0021164638 scopus 로고
    • Detection of hypothyroid myopathy by measurement of various serum muscle markers-myoglobin, creatine kinase, lactate dehydrogenase and their isoenzymes. Correlations with thyroid hormone levels (free and total) and clinical usefulness
    • Giampietro O., Clerico A., Buzzigoli G., et al. Detection of hypothyroid myopathy by measurement of various serum muscle markers-myoglobin, creatine kinase, lactate dehydrogenase and their isoenzymes. Correlations with thyroid hormone levels (free and total) and clinical usefulness. Horm Res 1984, 19(4):232-242.
    • (1984) Horm Res , vol.19 , Issue.4 , pp. 232-242
    • Giampietro, O.1    Clerico, A.2    Buzzigoli, G.3
  • 20
    • 0036225048 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Polymyositis-like syndrome in hypothyroidism: review of cases reported over the past twenty-five years
    • Madariaga M.G. Polymyositis-like syndrome in hypothyroidism: review of cases reported over the past twenty-five years. Thyroid 2002, 12(4):331-336.
    • (2002) Thyroid , vol.12 , Issue.4 , pp. 331-336
    • Madariaga, M.G.1
  • 21
    • 0036306539 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hypothyroid myopathy with a strikingly elevated serum creatine kinase level
    • Scott K.R., Simmons Z., Boyer P.J. Hypothyroid myopathy with a strikingly elevated serum creatine kinase level. Muscle Nerve 2002, 26(1):141-144.
    • (2002) Muscle Nerve , vol.26 , Issue.1 , pp. 141-144
    • Scott, K.R.1    Simmons, Z.2    Boyer, P.J.3
  • 22
    • 0018404583 scopus 로고
    • Central nuclear counts in muscle fibres before and during treatment in hypothyroid myopathy
    • McKeran R.O., Ward P., Slavin G., et al. Central nuclear counts in muscle fibres before and during treatment in hypothyroid myopathy. J Clin Pathol 1979, 32(3):229-233.
    • (1979) J Clin Pathol , vol.32 , Issue.3 , pp. 229-233
    • McKeran, R.O.1    Ward, P.2    Slavin, G.3
  • 23
    • 0015880486 scopus 로고
    • Neural and muscular manifestations of hypothyroidism
    • Scarpalezos S., Lygidakis C., Papageorgiou C., et al. Neural and muscular manifestations of hypothyroidism. Arch Neurol 1973, 29(3):140-144.
    • (1973) Arch Neurol , vol.29 , Issue.3 , pp. 140-144
    • Scarpalezos, S.1    Lygidakis, C.2    Papageorgiou, C.3
  • 24
    • 0021349184 scopus 로고
    • Unusual manifestations of hypothyroidism [review]
    • Klein I., Levey G.S. Unusual manifestations of hypothyroidism [review]. Arch Intern Med 1984, 144(1):123-128.
    • (1984) Arch Intern Med , vol.144 , Issue.1 , pp. 123-128
    • Klein, I.1    Levey, G.S.2
  • 25
    • 0013921987 scopus 로고
    • Hypothyroid myopathy. Clinical, electromyographical, and ultrastructural observations
    • Norris F.H., Panner B.J. Hypothyroid myopathy. Clinical, electromyographical, and ultrastructural observations. Arch Neurol 1966, 14(6):574-589.
    • (1966) Arch Neurol , vol.14 , Issue.6 , pp. 574-589
    • Norris, F.H.1    Panner, B.J.2
  • 26
    • 0020557748 scopus 로고
    • The clinical presentation of hypothyroid myopathy and its relationship to abnormalities in structure and function of skeletal muscle
    • Khaleeli A.A., Griffith D.G., Edwards R.H. The clinical presentation of hypothyroid myopathy and its relationship to abnormalities in structure and function of skeletal muscle. Clin Endocrinol (Oxf) 1983, 19(3):365-376.
    • (1983) Clin Endocrinol (Oxf) , vol.19 , Issue.3 , pp. 365-376
    • Khaleeli, A.A.1    Griffith, D.G.2    Edwards, R.H.3
  • 27
    • 0025169513 scopus 로고
    • Central changes in hypothyroid myopathy: a case report
    • Evans R.M., Watanabe I., Singer P.A. Central changes in hypothyroid myopathy: a case report. Muscle Nerve 1990, 13(10):952-956.
    • (1990) Muscle Nerve , vol.13 , Issue.10 , pp. 952-956
    • Evans, R.M.1    Watanabe, I.2    Singer, P.A.3
  • 28
    • 0023087044 scopus 로고
    • Myopathology of hypothyroid myopathy. Some new observations
    • Ono S., Inouye K., Mannen T. Myopathology of hypothyroid myopathy. Some new observations. J Neurol Sci 1987, 77(2-3):237-248.
    • (1987) J Neurol Sci , vol.77 , Issue.2-3 , pp. 237-248
    • Ono, S.1    Inouye, K.2    Mannen, T.3
  • 29
    • 0024208189 scopus 로고
    • Myopathies associated with hypothyroidism: a review based upon 13 cases
    • Mastaglia F.L., Ojeda V.J., Sarnat H.B., et al. Myopathies associated with hypothyroidism: a review based upon 13 cases. Aust N Z J Med 1988, 18(6):799-806.
    • (1988) Aust N Z J Med , vol.18 , Issue.6 , pp. 799-806
    • Mastaglia, F.L.1    Ojeda, V.J.2    Sarnat, H.B.3
  • 30
    • 0031736361 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Novel transitions in MHC isoforms: separate and combined effects of thyroid hormone and mechanical unloading
    • Caiozzo V.J., Baker M.J., Baldwin K.M. Novel transitions in MHC isoforms: separate and combined effects of thyroid hormone and mechanical unloading. J Appl Physiol 1998, 85(6):2237-2248.
    • (1998) J Appl Physiol , vol.85 , Issue.6 , pp. 2237-2248
    • Caiozzo, V.J.1    Baker, M.J.2    Baldwin, K.M.3
  • 31
    • 0033554098 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Prevalence of carpal tunnel syndrome in a general population
    • Atroshi I., Gummesson C., Johnsson R., et al. Prevalence of carpal tunnel syndrome in a general population. JAMA 1999, 282(2):153-158.
    • (1999) JAMA , vol.282 , Issue.2 , pp. 153-158
    • Atroshi, I.1    Gummesson, C.2    Johnsson, R.3
  • 32
    • 0042944206 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Indications for requesting laboratory tests for concurrent diseases in patients with carpal tunnel syndrome: a systematic review
    • van Dijk M.A., Reitsma J.B., Fischer J.C., et al. Indications for requesting laboratory tests for concurrent diseases in patients with carpal tunnel syndrome: a systematic review. Clin Chem 2003, 49(9):1437-1444.
    • (2003) Clin Chem , vol.49 , Issue.9 , pp. 1437-1444
    • van Dijk, M.A.1    Reitsma, J.B.2    Fischer, J.C.3
  • 33
    • 0025070269 scopus 로고
    • The carpal tunnel syndrome: diagnostic utility of the history and physical examination findings
    • Katz J.N., Larson M.G., Sabra A., et al. The carpal tunnel syndrome: diagnostic utility of the history and physical examination findings. Ann Intern Med 1990, 112(5):321-327.
    • (1990) Ann Intern Med , vol.112 , Issue.5 , pp. 321-327
    • Katz, J.N.1    Larson, M.G.2    Sabra, A.3
  • 34
    • 0019838566 scopus 로고
    • Hypothyroidism: a rare cause of the bilateral carpal tunnel syndrome-a case report and a review of the literature
    • Chisholm J.C. Hypothyroidism: a rare cause of the bilateral carpal tunnel syndrome-a case report and a review of the literature. J Natl Med Assoc 1981, 73(11):1082-1085.
    • (1981) J Natl Med Assoc , vol.73 , Issue.11 , pp. 1082-1085
    • Chisholm, J.C.1
  • 35
    • 0003275314 scopus 로고
    • Carpal-tunnel syndrome associated with myxedema
    • Purnell D.C., Daly D.D., Lipscomb P.R. Carpal-tunnel syndrome associated with myxedema. Arch Intern Med 1961, 108:751-756.
    • (1961) Arch Intern Med , vol.108 , pp. 751-756
    • Purnell, D.C.1    Daly, D.D.2    Lipscomb, P.R.3
  • 36
    • 33745823871 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hormone replacement therapy in hypothyroidism and nerve conduction study
    • Kececi H., Degirmenci Y. Hormone replacement therapy in hypothyroidism and nerve conduction study. Neurophysiol Clin 2006, 36(2):79-83.
    • (2006) Neurophysiol Clin , vol.36 , Issue.2 , pp. 79-83
    • Kececi, H.1    Degirmenci, Y.2
  • 37
    • 0033868634 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The effects of hypothyroidism and thyroid replacement on the development of carpal tunnel syndrome
    • Palumbo C.F., Szabo R.M., Olmsted S.L. The effects of hypothyroidism and thyroid replacement on the development of carpal tunnel syndrome. J Hand Surg Am 2000, 25(4):734-739.
    • (2000) J Hand Surg Am , vol.25 , Issue.4 , pp. 734-739
    • Palumbo, C.F.1    Szabo, R.M.2    Olmsted, S.L.3
  • 38
    • 0014031332 scopus 로고
    • Muscle dysfunction in hyperthyroidism
    • Ramsay I.D. Muscle dysfunction in hyperthyroidism. Lancet 1966, 2(7470):931-934.
    • (1966) Lancet , vol.2 , Issue.7470 , pp. 931-934
    • Ramsay, I.D.1
  • 39
    • 0028330041 scopus 로고
    • Dermopathy of Graves disease (pretibial myxedema). Review of 150 cases
    • Fatourechi V., Pajouhi M., Fransway A.F. Dermopathy of Graves disease (pretibial myxedema). Review of 150 cases. Medicine (Baltimore) 1994, 73(1):1-7.
    • (1994) Medicine (Baltimore) , vol.73 , Issue.1 , pp. 1-7
    • Fatourechi, V.1    Pajouhi, M.2    Fransway, A.F.3
  • 40
    • 0023544855 scopus 로고
    • Pathogenesis and treatment of pretibial myxedema
    • Kriss J.P. Pathogenesis and treatment of pretibial myxedema. Endocrinol Metab Clin North Am 1987, 16(2):409-415.
    • (1987) Endocrinol Metab Clin North Am , vol.16 , Issue.2 , pp. 409-415
    • Kriss, J.P.1
  • 41
    • 0036169064 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Dermopathy of Graves' disease (pretibial myxedema): long-term outcome
    • Schwartz K.M., Fatourechi V., Ahmed D.D., et al. Dermopathy of Graves' disease (pretibial myxedema): long-term outcome. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2002, 87(2):438-446.
    • (2002) J Clin Endocrinol Metab , vol.87 , Issue.2 , pp. 438-446
    • Schwartz, K.M.1    Fatourechi, V.2    Ahmed, D.D.3
  • 42
    • 33646677014 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Alterations in serum glycosaminoglycan profiles in Graves' patients
    • Komosińska-Vassev K., Winsz-Szczotka K., Olczyk K., et al. Alterations in serum glycosaminoglycan profiles in Graves' patients. Clin Chem Lab Med 2006, 44(5):582-588.
    • (2006) Clin Chem Lab Med , vol.44 , Issue.5 , pp. 582-588
    • Komosińska-Vassev, K.1    Winsz-Szczotka, K.2    Olczyk, K.3
  • 43
    • 0029100637 scopus 로고
    • Analysis of T cell antigen receptor variable region gene usage in patients with thyroid-related pretibial dermopathy
    • Heufelder A.E., Bahn R.S., Scriba P.C. Analysis of T cell antigen receptor variable region gene usage in patients with thyroid-related pretibial dermopathy. J Invest Dermatol 1995, 105(3):372-378.
    • (1995) J Invest Dermatol , vol.105 , Issue.3 , pp. 372-378
    • Heufelder, A.E.1    Bahn, R.S.2    Scriba, P.C.3
  • 44
    • 0015233635 scopus 로고
    • Acral changes in thyroid disorders
    • Nixon D.W., Samols E. Acral changes in thyroid disorders. N Engl J Med 1971, 284(20):1158-1159.
    • (1971) N Engl J Med , vol.284 , Issue.20 , pp. 1158-1159
    • Nixon, D.W.1    Samols, E.2
  • 45
    • 0036930665 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Thyroid acropachy: report of 40 patients treated at a single institution in a 26-year period
    • Fatourechi V., Ahmed D.D., Schwartz K.M. Thyroid acropachy: report of 40 patients treated at a single institution in a 26-year period. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2002, 87(12):5435-5441.
    • (2002) J Clin Endocrinol Metab , vol.87 , Issue.12 , pp. 5435-5441
    • Fatourechi, V.1    Ahmed, D.D.2    Schwartz, K.M.3
  • 46
    • 0018174352 scopus 로고
    • A tetracycline-based histomorphometric evaluation of bone resorption and bone turnover in hyperthyroidism and hyperparathyroidism
    • Mosekilde L., Melsen F. A tetracycline-based histomorphometric evaluation of bone resorption and bone turnover in hyperthyroidism and hyperparathyroidism. Acta Med Scand 1978, 204(1-2):97-102.
    • (1978) Acta Med Scand , vol.204 , Issue.1-2 , pp. 97-102
    • Mosekilde, L.1    Melsen, F.2
  • 47
    • 0028008626 scopus 로고
    • Osteoblasts mediate thyroid hormone stimulation of osteoclastic bone resorption
    • Britto J.M., Fenton A.J., Holloway W.R., et al. Osteoblasts mediate thyroid hormone stimulation of osteoclastic bone resorption. Endocrinology 1994, 134(1):169-176.
    • (1994) Endocrinology , vol.134 , Issue.1 , pp. 169-176
    • Britto, J.M.1    Fenton, A.J.2    Holloway, W.R.3
  • 48
    • 0020507031 scopus 로고
    • Serum calcium concentration in hyperthyroidism at diagnosis and after treatment
    • Daly J.G., Greenwood R.M., Himsworth R.L. Serum calcium concentration in hyperthyroidism at diagnosis and after treatment. Clin Endocrinol (Oxf) 1983, 19(3):397-404.
    • (1983) Clin Endocrinol (Oxf) , vol.19 , Issue.3 , pp. 397-404
    • Daly, J.G.1    Greenwood, R.M.2    Himsworth, R.L.3
  • 49
    • 0021846223 scopus 로고
    • Effect of hyperthyroidism and its treatment on bone mineral content
    • Toh S.H., Claunch B.C., Brown P.H. Effect of hyperthyroidism and its treatment on bone mineral content. Arch Intern Med 1985, 145(5):883-886.
    • (1985) Arch Intern Med , vol.145 , Issue.5 , pp. 883-886
    • Toh, S.H.1    Claunch, B.C.2    Brown, P.H.3
  • 50
    • 0015225556 scopus 로고
    • Osteoporosis and fractures following thyrotoxicosis
    • Fraser S.A., Anderson J.B., Smith D.A., et al. Osteoporosis and fractures following thyrotoxicosis. Lancet 1971, 1(7707):981-983.
    • (1971) Lancet , vol.1 , Issue.7707 , pp. 981-983
    • Fraser, S.A.1    Anderson, J.B.2    Smith, D.A.3
  • 51
    • 0030774682 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Bone loss in hyperthyroid patients and in former hyperthyroid patients controlled on medical therapy: influence of aetiology and menopause
    • Jódar E., Muñoz-Torres M., Escobar-Jiménez F., et al. Bone loss in hyperthyroid patients and in former hyperthyroid patients controlled on medical therapy: influence of aetiology and menopause. Clin Endocrinol (Oxf) 1997, 47(3):279-285.
    • (1997) Clin Endocrinol (Oxf) , vol.47 , Issue.3 , pp. 279-285
    • Jódar, E.1    Muñoz-Torres, M.2    Escobar-Jiménez, F.3
  • 52
    • 0026716868 scopus 로고
    • Longitudinal changes in lumbar bone density among thyrotoxic patients after attainment of euthyroidism
    • Rosen C.J., Adler R.A. Longitudinal changes in lumbar bone density among thyrotoxic patients after attainment of euthyroidism. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 1992, 75(6):1531-1534.
    • (1992) J Clin Endocrinol Metab , vol.75 , Issue.6 , pp. 1531-1534
    • Rosen, C.J.1    Adler, R.A.2
  • 53
    • 0038506905 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hyperthyroidism, bone mineral, and fracture risk-a meta-analysis
    • Vestergaard P., Mosekilde L. Hyperthyroidism, bone mineral, and fracture risk-a meta-analysis. Thyroid 2003, 13(6):585-593.
    • (2003) Thyroid , vol.13 , Issue.6 , pp. 585-593
    • Vestergaard, P.1    Mosekilde, L.2
  • 54
    • 0029907386 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of alendronate on bone loss in pre- and postmenopausal hyperthyroid women treated with methimazole
    • Lupoli G., Nuzzo V., Di Carlo C., et al. Effects of alendronate on bone loss in pre- and postmenopausal hyperthyroid women treated with methimazole. Gynecol Endocrinol 1996, 10(5):343-348.
    • (1996) Gynecol Endocrinol , vol.10 , Issue.5 , pp. 343-348
    • Lupoli, G.1    Nuzzo, V.2    Di Carlo, C.3
  • 55
    • 0023224577 scopus 로고
    • Dual activation by thyrotropin of the phospholipase C and cyclic AMP cascades in human thyroid
    • Laurent E., Mockel J., Van Sande J., et al. Dual activation by thyrotropin of the phospholipase C and cyclic AMP cascades in human thyroid. Mol Cell Endocrinol 1987, 52(3):273-278.
    • (1987) Mol Cell Endocrinol , vol.52 , Issue.3 , pp. 273-278
    • Laurent, E.1    Mockel, J.2    Van Sande, J.3
  • 56
    • 0036148901 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Autoimmune thyroid disease in systemic lupus erythematosus
    • Pyne D., Isenberg D.A. Autoimmune thyroid disease in systemic lupus erythematosus. Ann Rheum Dis 2002, 61(1):70-72.
    • (2002) Ann Rheum Dis , vol.61 , Issue.1 , pp. 70-72
    • Pyne, D.1    Isenberg, D.A.2
  • 57
    • 0028911991 scopus 로고
    • Prevalence of nonthyroid specific autoantibodies in autoimmune thyroid diseases
    • Morita S., Arima T., Matsuda M. Prevalence of nonthyroid specific autoantibodies in autoimmune thyroid diseases. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 1995, 80(4):1203-1206.
    • (1995) J Clin Endocrinol Metab , vol.80 , Issue.4 , pp. 1203-1206
    • Morita, S.1    Arima, T.2    Matsuda, M.3
  • 58
    • 30144435315 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Increased risk of complete congenital heart block in infants born to women with hypothyroidism and anti-Ro and/or anti-La antibodies
    • Spence D., Hornberger L., Hamilton R., et al. Increased risk of complete congenital heart block in infants born to women with hypothyroidism and anti-Ro and/or anti-La antibodies. J Rheumatol 2006, 33(1):167-170.
    • (2006) J Rheumatol , vol.33 , Issue.1 , pp. 167-170
    • Spence, D.1    Hornberger, L.2    Hamilton, R.3
  • 59
    • 74549169972 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Prevalence and relative risk of other autoimmune diseases in subjects with autoimmune thyroid disease
    • e1-9
    • Boelaert K., Newby P.R., Simmonds M.J., et al. Prevalence and relative risk of other autoimmune diseases in subjects with autoimmune thyroid disease. Am J Med 2010, 123(2):183. e1-9.
    • (2010) Am J Med , vol.123 , Issue.2 , pp. 183
    • Boelaert, K.1    Newby, P.R.2    Simmonds, M.J.3
  • 60
    • 27744464256 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Linkage at 5q14.3-15 in multiplex systemic lupus erythematosus pedigrees stratified by autoimmune thyroid disease
    • Namjou B., Kelly J.A., Kilpatrick J., et al. Linkage at 5q14.3-15 in multiplex systemic lupus erythematosus pedigrees stratified by autoimmune thyroid disease. Arthritis Rheum 2005, 52(11):3646-3650.
    • (2005) Arthritis Rheum , vol.52 , Issue.11 , pp. 3646-3650
    • Namjou, B.1    Kelly, J.A.2    Kilpatrick, J.3
  • 61
    • 0029044866 scopus 로고
    • A prospective evaluation of antithyroid antibody prevalence in 100 patients with rheumatoid arthritis
    • Magnus J.H., Birketvedt T., Haga H.J. A prospective evaluation of antithyroid antibody prevalence in 100 patients with rheumatoid arthritis. Scand J Rheumatol 1995, 24(3):180-182.
    • (1995) Scand J Rheumatol , vol.24 , Issue.3 , pp. 180-182
    • Magnus, J.H.1    Birketvedt, T.2    Haga, H.J.3
  • 62
    • 38049015903 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Anti-thyroid antibodies and thyroid dysfunction in rheumatoid arthritis: prevalence and clinical value
    • Atzeni F., Doria A., Ghirardello A., et al. Anti-thyroid antibodies and thyroid dysfunction in rheumatoid arthritis: prevalence and clinical value. Autoimmunity 2008, 41(1):111-115.
    • (2008) Autoimmunity , vol.41 , Issue.1 , pp. 111-115
    • Atzeni, F.1    Doria, A.2    Ghirardello, A.3
  • 63
    • 0027296442 scopus 로고
    • Thyroid dysfunction in rheumatoid arthritis: a controlled prospective survey
    • Shiroky J.B., Cohen M., Ballachey M.L., et al. Thyroid dysfunction in rheumatoid arthritis: a controlled prospective survey. Ann Rheum Dis 1993, 52(6):454-456.
    • (1993) Ann Rheum Dis , vol.52 , Issue.6 , pp. 454-456
    • Shiroky, J.B.1    Cohen, M.2    Ballachey, M.L.3
  • 64
    • 61349164151 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Prevalence of thyroid diseases and antithyroid antibodies in women with rheumatoid arthritis
    • Przygodzka M., Filipowicz-Sosnowska A. Prevalence of thyroid diseases and antithyroid antibodies in women with rheumatoid arthritis. Pol Arch Med Wewn 2009, 119(1-2):39-43.
    • (2009) Pol Arch Med Wewn , vol.119 , Issue.1-2 , pp. 39-43
    • Przygodzka, M.1    Filipowicz-Sosnowska, A.2
  • 65
    • 38749083083 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Rheumatoid arthritis is associated with a high prevalence of hypothyroidism that amplifies its cardiovascular risk
    • Raterman H.G., Van Halm V.P., Voskuyl A.E., et al. Rheumatoid arthritis is associated with a high prevalence of hypothyroidism that amplifies its cardiovascular risk. Ann Rheum Dis 2008, 67(2):229-232.
    • (2008) Ann Rheum Dis , vol.67 , Issue.2 , pp. 229-232
    • Raterman, H.G.1    Van Halm, V.P.2    Voskuyl, A.E.3
  • 66
    • 33750017049 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • High prevalence of thyroid autoimmunity and hypothyroidism in patients with psoriatic arthritis
    • Antonelli A., Delle Sedie A., Fallahi P., et al. High prevalence of thyroid autoimmunity and hypothyroidism in patients with psoriatic arthritis. J Rheumatol 2006, 33(10):2026-2028.
    • (2006) J Rheumatol , vol.33 , Issue.10 , pp. 2026-2028
    • Antonelli, A.1    Delle Sedie, A.2    Fallahi, P.3
  • 67
    • 58149252369 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Autoimmune thyroid diseases in a large group of Hungarian patients with primary Sjögren's syndrome
    • Zeher M., Horvath I.F., Szanto A., et al. Autoimmune thyroid diseases in a large group of Hungarian patients with primary Sjögren's syndrome. Thyroid 2009, 19(1):39-45.
    • (2009) Thyroid , vol.19 , Issue.1 , pp. 39-45
    • Zeher, M.1    Horvath, I.F.2    Szanto, A.3
  • 68
    • 21344447515 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Development of additional autoimmune diseases in a population of patients with primary Sjögren's syndrome
    • Lazarus M.N., Isenberg D.A. Development of additional autoimmune diseases in a population of patients with primary Sjögren's syndrome. Ann Rheum Dis 2005, 64(7):1062-1064.
    • (2005) Ann Rheum Dis , vol.64 , Issue.7 , pp. 1062-1064
    • Lazarus, M.N.1    Isenberg, D.A.2
  • 69
    • 0025828230 scopus 로고
    • Autoimmune thyroiditis and primary Sjögren's syndrome: clinical and laboratory evidence of the coexistence of the two diseases
    • Hansen B.U., Ericsson U.B., Henricsson V., et al. Autoimmune thyroiditis and primary Sjögren's syndrome: clinical and laboratory evidence of the coexistence of the two diseases. Clin Exp Rheumatol 1991, 9(2):137-141.
    • (1991) Clin Exp Rheumatol , vol.9 , Issue.2 , pp. 137-141
    • Hansen, B.U.1    Ericsson, U.B.2    Henricsson, V.3
  • 70
    • 30144436858 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Increased prevalence of antithyroid antibodies and subclinical hypothyroidism in children with juvenile idiopathic arthritis
    • Harel L., Prais D., Uziel Y., et al. Increased prevalence of antithyroid antibodies and subclinical hypothyroidism in children with juvenile idiopathic arthritis. J Rheumatol 2006, 33(1):164-166.
    • (2006) J Rheumatol , vol.33 , Issue.1 , pp. 164-166
    • Harel, L.1    Prais, D.2    Uziel, Y.3
  • 71
    • 0022587313 scopus 로고
    • Prospective evaluation of thyroid function in patients with systemic sclerosis (scleroderma)
    • Kahl L.E., Medsger T.A., Klein I. Prospective evaluation of thyroid function in patients with systemic sclerosis (scleroderma). J Rheumatol 1986, 13(1):103-107.
    • (1986) J Rheumatol , vol.13 , Issue.1 , pp. 103-107
    • Kahl, L.E.1    Medsger, T.A.2    Klein, I.3
  • 72
    • 0027416979 scopus 로고
    • Thyroid disorder in patients with mixed connective tissue disease
    • Hämeenkorpi R., Hakala M., Ruuska P., et al. Thyroid disorder in patients with mixed connective tissue disease. J Rheumatol 1993, 20(3):602-603.
    • (1993) J Rheumatol , vol.20 , Issue.3 , pp. 602-603
    • Hämeenkorpi, R.1    Hakala, M.2    Ruuska, P.3
  • 73
    • 0026338618 scopus 로고
    • Prevalence of hypothyroidism in patients with polymyalgia rheumatica and giant cell arteritis
    • Bowness P., Shotliff K., Middlemiss A., et al. Prevalence of hypothyroidism in patients with polymyalgia rheumatica and giant cell arteritis. Br J Rheumatol 1991, 30(5):349-351.
    • (1991) Br J Rheumatol , vol.30 , Issue.5 , pp. 349-351
    • Bowness, P.1    Shotliff, K.2    Middlemiss, A.3
  • 74
    • 0024513286 scopus 로고
    • Hypothyroidism in polymyalgia rheumatica and giant cell arteritis
    • Wiseman P., Stewart K., Rai G.S. Hypothyroidism in polymyalgia rheumatica and giant cell arteritis. BMJ 1989, 298(6674):647-648.
    • (1989) BMJ , vol.298 , Issue.6674 , pp. 647-648
    • Wiseman, P.1    Stewart, K.2    Rai, G.S.3
  • 75
    • 0026465587 scopus 로고
    • Autoimmune thyroid disease, thyroid antibodies and giant cell arteritis: the supposed correlation appears fortuitous
    • Barrier J.H., Abram M., Brisseau J.M., et al. Autoimmune thyroid disease, thyroid antibodies and giant cell arteritis: the supposed correlation appears fortuitous. J Rheumatol 1992, 19(11):1733-1734.
    • (1992) J Rheumatol , vol.19 , Issue.11 , pp. 1733-1734
    • Barrier, J.H.1    Abram, M.2    Brisseau, J.M.3
  • 76
    • 0025366050 scopus 로고
    • Hypothyroidism in polymyalgia rheumatica and giant cell arteritis: lack of any association
    • Dasgupta B., Grundy E., Stainer E. Hypothyroidism in polymyalgia rheumatica and giant cell arteritis: lack of any association. BMJ 1990, 301(6743):96-97.
    • (1990) BMJ , vol.301 , Issue.6743 , pp. 96-97
    • Dasgupta, B.1    Grundy, E.2    Stainer, E.3
  • 77
    • 33845866350 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The frequency of thyroid antibodies in fibromyalgia patients and their relationship with symptoms
    • Pamuk O.N., Cakir N. The frequency of thyroid antibodies in fibromyalgia patients and their relationship with symptoms. Clin Rheumatol 2007, 26(1):55-59.
    • (2007) Clin Rheumatol , vol.26 , Issue.1 , pp. 55-59
    • Pamuk, O.N.1    Cakir, N.2
  • 78
    • 0026720699 scopus 로고
    • Thyroid function in patients with fibromyalgia syndrome
    • Neeck G., Riedel W. Thyroid function in patients with fibromyalgia syndrome. J Rheumatol 1992, 19(7):1120-1122.
    • (1992) J Rheumatol , vol.19 , Issue.7 , pp. 1120-1122
    • Neeck, G.1    Riedel, W.2


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.