Prevention of mother-to-child transmission of HIV-1: The role of cesarean delivery

Clinics in Perinatology

Volumn 37, Issue 4, 2010, Pages 777-785

  Legardy Williams, Jennifer K ^a   Jamieson, Denise J ^a   Read, Jennifer S ^b  

^a NATIONAL CENTER FOR CHRONIC DISEASE PREVENTION AND HEALTH PROMOTION   (United States)

^b EUNICE KENNEDY SHRIVER NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF CHILD HEALTH AND HUMAN DEVELOPMENT   (United States)

Author keywords

Cesarean delivery; HIV; Mother to child transmission; Prevention

Indexed keywords

ZIDOVUDINE;

CESAREAN SECTION; CLINICAL EFFECTIVENESS; HUMAN; HUMAN IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUS 1 INFECTION; INFECTION PREVENTION; MATERNAL MORBIDITY; NEWBORN MORBIDITY; PREGNANT WOMAN; PREMATURE LABOR; PRIORITY JOURNAL; PUERPERAL INFECTION; REVIEW; SEROPREVALENCE; VERTICAL TRANSMISSION; VIRUS LOAD; VIRUS TRANSMISSION;

CESAREAN SECTION; FEMALE; HIV INFECTIONS; HIV-1; HUMANS; INFANT, NEWBORN; INFECTIOUS DISEASE TRANSMISSION, VERTICAL; MORBIDITY; POPULATION SURVEILLANCE; PRACTICE GUIDELINES AS TOPIC; PREGNANCY; PREGNANCY COMPLICATIONS, INFECTIOUS; RISK ASSESSMENT; TREATMENT OUTCOME; UNITED STATES; VIRAL LOAD;

EID: 78349270490     PISSN: 00955108     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.clp.2010.08.013     Document Type: Review

References (58)

1. Martin JA, Hamilton BE, Sutton PD, et al. Births: final data for 2006. National vital statistics reports. Hyattsville (MD): National Center for Health Statistics; 2009;57(7).
2. Dominguez K.L., Lindegren M.L., D'Almada P.J., et al. Increasing trend of cesarean deliveries in HIV-infected women in the United States from 1994 to 2000. J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr 2003, 33(2):232-238.
3. The International Perinatal HIV Group The mode of delivery and the risk of vertical transmission of human immunodeficiency virus type 1-a meta-analysis of 15 prospective cohort studies. The International Perinatal HIV Group. N Engl J Med 1999, 340(13):977-987.
4. Elective caesarean-section versus vaginal delivery in prevention of vertical HIV-1 transmission: a randomised clinical trial. The European Mode of Delivery Collaboration. Lancet 1999, 353(9158):1035-1039. The European Mode of Delivery Collaboration.
5. ACOG Committee Opinion: Scheduled cesarean delivery and the prevention of vertical transmission of HIV infection. Number 234, May 2000 (replaces number 219, August 1999). Int J Gynaecol Obstet 2001, 73(3):279-281.
6. Panel on treatment of HIV-infected pregnant women and prevention of perinatal transmission. Recommendations for use of antiretroviral drugs in pregnant HIV-1-infected women for maternal health and interventions to reduce perinatal HIV transmission in the United States. May 29, 2010. p. 1-117 NIH. Available at: Accessed May 26, 2010. http://aidsinfo.nih.gov/ContentFiles/PerinatalGL.pdf.
7. Kourtis A.P., Bulterys M., Nesheim S.R., et al. Understanding the timing of HIV transmission from mother to infant. JAMA 2001, 285(6):709-712.
8. Kuhn L., Abrams E.J., Matheson P.B., et al. Timing of maternal-infant HIV transmission: associations between intrapartum factors and early polymerase chain reaction results. New York City Perinatal HIV Transmission Collaborative Study Group. AIDS 1997, 11(4):429-435.
9. Minkoff H., Burns D.N., Landesman S., et al. The relationship of the duration of ruptured membranes to vertical transmission of human immunodeficiency virus. Am J Obstet Gynecol 1995, 173(2):585-589.
10. Landesman S.H., Kalish L.A., Burns D.N., et al. Obstetrical factors and the transmission of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 from mother to child. The Women and Infants Transmission Study. N Engl J Med 1996, 334(25):1617-1623.
11. Kalish L.A., Pitt J., Lew J., et al. Defining the time of fetal or perinatal acquisition of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 infection on the basis of age at first positive culture. Women and Infants Transmission Study (WITS). J Infect Dis 1997, 175(3):712-715.
12. De Cock K.M., Fowler M.G., Mercier E., et al. Prevention of mother-to-child HIV transmission in resource-poor countries: translating research into policy and practice. JAMA 2000, 283(9):1175-1182.
13. Goedert J.J., Duliege A.M., Amos C.I., et al. High risk of HIV-1 infection for first-born twins. The International Registry of HIV-exposed Twins. Lancet 1991, 338(8781):1471-1475.
14. Kwiek J.J., Mwapasa V., Milner D.A., et al. Maternal-fetal microtransfusions and HIV-1 mother-to-child transmission in Malawi. PLoS Med 2006, 3(1):e10.
15. Mandelbrot L., Mayaux M.J., Bongain A., et al. Obstetric factors and mother-to-child transmission of human immunodeficiency virus type 1: The French Perinatal Cohorts. SEROGEST French Pediatric HIV Infection Study Group. Am J Obstet Gynecol 1996, 175(3 Pt 1):661-667.
16. Scavalli C.P., Mandelbrot L., Berrebi A., et al. Twin pregnancy as a risk factor for mother-to-child transmission of HIV-1: trends over 20 years. AIDS 2007, 21(8):993-1002.
17. Biggar R.J., Cassol S., Kumwenda N., et al. The risk of human immunodeficiency virus-1 infection in twin pairs born to infected mothers in Africa. J Infect Dis 2003, 188(6):850-855.
18. Mandelbrot L., Le C.J., Berrebi A., et al. Perinatal HIV-1 transmission: interaction between zidovudine prophylaxis and mode of delivery in the French Perinatal Cohort. JAMA 1998, 280(1):55-60.
19. Nielsen K., Boyer P., Dillon M., et al. Presence of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) type 1 and HIV-1-specific antibodies in cervicovaginal secretions of infected mothers and in the gastric aspirates of their infants. J Infect Dis 1996, 173(4):1001-1004.
20. Kaneda T., Shiraki K., Hirano K., et al. Detection of maternofetal transfusion by placental alkaline phosphatase levels. J Pediatr 1997, 130(5):730-735.
21. Lin H.H., Kao J.H., Hsu H.Y., et al. Least microtransfusion from mother to fetus in elective cesarean delivery. Obstet Gynecol 1996, 87(2):244-248.
22. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. HIV Surveillance Report, 2008, vol. 20. Available at: Published June 2010. Accessed August 24, 2010. http://www.cdc.gov/hiv/topics/surveillance/resources/reports/.
23. Whitmore S, Zhang X, Taylor A. Estimated number of births to HIV+ women in the US, 2006 [abstract 924]. Program and abstracts of the 16th Conference on Retroviruses and Opportunistic Infections. Montreal (Canada), February 8-11, 2009.
24. ACOG committee opinion: scheduled cesarean delivery and the prevention of vertical transmission of HIV infection. Number 219, August 1999. Committee on Obstetric Practice. American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists. Int J Gynaecol Obstet 1999, 66(3):305-306.
25. Mofenson L.M. U.S. Public health service task force recommendations for use of antiretroviral drugs in pregnant HIV-1-infected women for maternal health and interventions to reduce perinatal HIV-1 transmission in the United States. MMWR Recomm Rep 2002, 51(RR-18):1-38.
26. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Enhanced perinatal surveillance-participating areas in the United States and dependent areas, 2000-2003. HIV/AIDS Surveillance Supplement Report Available at:, Accessed April 12, 2010. http://www.cdc.gov/hiv/topics/surveillance/resources/reports/2008supp_vol13no4/pdf/HIVAIDS_SSR_Vol13_No4.pdf.
27. Grubert T.A., Reindell D., Kastner R., et al. Complications after caesarean section in HIV-1-infected women not taking antiretroviral treatment. Lancet 1999, 354(9190):1612-1613.
28. Maiques V., Garcia-Tejedor A., Perales A., et al. Intrapartum fetal invasive procedures and perinatal transmission of HIV. Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol 1999, 87(1):63-67.
29. Rodriguez E.J., Spann C., Jamieson D., et al. Postoperative morbidity associated with cesarean delivery among human immunodeficiency virus-seropositive women. Am J Obstet Gynecol 2001, 184(6):1108-1111.
30. Semprini A.E., Castagna C., Ravizza M., et al. The incidence of complications after caesarean section in 156 HIV-positive women. AIDS 1995, 9(8):913-917.
31. Coll O., Fiore S., Floridia M., et al. Pregnancy and HIV infection: a European consensus on management. AIDS 2002, 16(Suppl 2):S1-18.
32. Miller J.M. Maternal and neonatal morbidity and mortality in cesarean section. Obstet Gynecol Clin North Am 1988, 15(4):629-638.
33. Petitti D.B. Maternal mortality and morbidity in cesarean section. Clin Obstet Gynecol 1985, 28(4):763-769.
34. Nielsen T.F., Hokegard K.H. Cesarean section and intraoperative surgical complications. Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand 1984, 63(2):103-108.
35. Hadar E., Melamed N., Tzadikevitch-Geffen K., et al. Timing and risk factors of maternal complications of cesarean section. Arch Gynecol Obstet 2010, [Epub ahead of print].
36. Chama C.M., Morrupa J.Y. The safety of elective caesarean section for the prevention of mother-to-child transmission of HIV-1. J Obstet Gynaecol 2008, 28(2):194-197.
37. Indications for cesarean section: final statement of the panel of the national consensus conference on aspects of cesarean birth. CMAJ 1986, 134(12):1348-1352.
38. Read J.S., Tuomala R., Kpamegan E., et al. Mode of delivery and postpartum morbidity among HIV-infected women: the women and infants transmission study. J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr 2001, 26(3):236-245.
39. Faucher P., Batallan A., Bastian H., et al. Gynecol Obstet Fertil 2001, 29(3):211-225. [in French].
40. Fiore S., Newell M.L., Thorne C. Higher rates of post-partum complications in HIV-infected than in uninfected women irrespective of mode of delivery. AIDS 2004, 18(6):933-938.
41. Marcollet A., Goffinet F., Firtion G., et al. Differences in postpartum morbidity in women who are infected with the human immunodeficiency virus after elective cesarean delivery, emergency cesarean delivery, or vaginal delivery. Am J Obstet Gynecol 2002, 186(4):784-789.
42. Watts D.H., Lambert J.S., Stiehm E.R., et al. Complications according to mode of delivery among human immunodeficiency virus-infected women with CD4 lymphocyte counts of < or = 500/microL. Am J Obstet Gynecol 2000, 183(1):100-107.
43. Duarte G., Read J.S., Gonin R., et al. Mode of delivery and postpartum morbidity in Latin American and Caribbean countries among women who are infected with human immunodeficiency virus-1: the NICHD international site development initiative (NISDI) perinatal study. Am J Obstet Gynecol 2006, 195(1):215-229.
44. Read J.S., Newell M.L. Efficacy and safety of cesarean delivery for prevention of mother-to-child transmission of HIV-1. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2005, 4. CD005479.
45. Bjorklund K., Mutyaba T., Nabunya E., et al. Incidence of postcesarean infections in relation to HIV status in a setting with limited resources. Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand 2005, 84(10):967-971.
46. Bulterys M., Chao A., Dushimimana A., et al. Fatal complications after cesarian section in HIV-infected women. AIDS 1996, 10(8):923-924.
47. Kreitchmann R, Cohen R, Pinto J, et al. Mode of delivery and neonatal respiratory morbidity among HIV-exposed infants from Latin America and the Caribbean: the NISDI perinatal study [abstract 929]. 17th Conference on Retroviruses and Opportunistic Infections. Infant Outcome after Prenatal ART Exposure. San Francisco (CA), February 16-19, 2010.
48. Livingston E., Huo Y., Patel K., et al. Mode of delivery and infant respiratory morbidity among infants born to HIV-1-infected women. Obstet Gynecol 2010, 116(2 Pt 1):335-343.
49. Zanardo V., Simbi A.K., Franzoi M., et al. Neonatal respiratory morbidity risk and mode of delivery at term: influence of timing of elective caesarean delivery. Acta Paediatr 2004, 93(5):643-647.
50. Luo G., Norwitz E.R. Revisiting amniocentesis for fetal lung maturity after 36 weeks' gestation. Rev Obstet Gynecol 2008, 1(2):61-68.
51. Jamieson D.J., Read J.S., Kourtis A.P., et al. Cesarean delivery for HIV-infected women: recommendations and controversies. Am J Obstet Gynecol 2007, 197(Suppl 3):S96-100.
52. Moczygemba C.K., Paramsothy P., Meikle S., et al. Route of delivery and neonatal birth trauma. Am J Obstet Gynecol 2010, 202(4):361-366.
53. Boer K., England K., Godfried M.H., et al. Mode of delivery in HIV-infected pregnant women and prevention of mother-to-child transmission: changing practices in western Europe. HIV Med 2010, 11:368-378.
54. Ioannidis J.P., Abrams E.J., Ammann A., et al. Perinatal transmission of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 by pregnant women with RNA virus loads <1000 copies/ml. J Infect Dis 2001, 183(4):539-545.
55. Townsend C.L., Cortina-Borja M., Peckham C.S., et al. Low rates of mother-to-child transmission of HIV following effective pregnancy interventions in the United Kingdom and Ireland, 2000-2006. AIDS 2008, 22(8):973-981.
56. Warszawski J., Tubiana R., Le C.J., et al. Mother-to-child HIV transmission despite antiretroviral therapy in the ANRS French Perinatal Cohort. AIDS 2008, 22(2):289-299.
57. Mother-to-child transmission of HIV infection in the era of highly active antiretroviral therapy. Clin Infect Dis 2005, 40(3):458-465. European Collaborative Study.
58. The International Perinatal HIV Group. Duration of ruptured membranes and vertical transmission of HIV-1: a meta-analysis from 15 prospective cohort studies. AIDS 2001, 15(3):357-368.