Clinicopathologic features of female breast cancer in Kumasi, Ghana

International Journal of Cancer Research

Volumn 6, Issue 3, 2010, Pages 154-160

  Bewtra, Chhanda ^a  

^a CREIGHTON UNIVERSITY MEDICAL CENTER   (United States)

Author keywords

Africa; African american; Breast; Cancer; Ghana; Histology; Immunopathology

Indexed keywords

CYTOKERATIN 5; CYTOKERATIN 6; EPIDERMAL GROWTH FACTOR RECEPTOR; EPIDERMAL GROWTH FACTOR RECEPTOR 2; ESTROGEN RECEPTOR; PROGESTERONE RECEPTOR; PROTEIN P53;

ADULT; AFRICAN AMERICAN; AGE DISTRIBUTION; AGED; ARTICLE; AXILLARY LYMPH NODE; BREAST CANCER; CANCER CLASSIFICATION; CANCER GRADING; CAUCASIAN; CLINICAL ARTICLE; FEMALE; GHANA; HISTOPATHOLOGY; HUMAN; HUMAN TISSUE; IMMUNOHISTOCHEMISTRY; IMMUNOHISTOLOGY; LYMPH NODE METASTASIS; MUTATION; RACE DIFFERENCE; SKIN METASTASIS; THORAX WALL CANCER; TUMOR VOLUME;

EID: 78149485353     PISSN: 18119727     EISSN: 18119735     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.3923/ijcr.2010.154.160     Document Type: Article

References (23)

1. Amend, K., D. Hicks and C.B. Ambrosone, 2006. Breast cancer in African-American women. Cancer Res., 66: 8327-8330.
2. Bauer, K.R., M. Brown, R.D. Cress, C.A. Parise and V. Caggiano, 2007. Descriptive analysis Of Estrogen Receptor (ER)-negative, Progesterone Receptor (PR)-negative and HER2-negative invasive breast cancer, the so-called triple-negative phenotype. Cancer,109: 1721-1728.
3. Bewtra, C, 2009. Volunteering pathology services and teaching in Ghana. Pathol. Int., 59: 497-500.
4. Carey, L.A., CM. Perou, C.A. Livasy, L.G. Dressier and D. Cowan et al, 2006. Race, breast cancer subtypes and survival in the Carolina breast study. JAMA., 295: 2492-2502.
5. Elmore, J.G., V.M. Moceri, D. Carter and E.B. Larson, 1998. Breast carcinoma tumor characteristics in black and white women. Cancer, 83: 2509-2515.
6. Fregene, A. and L. A. Newman, 2005. Breast cancer in Sub-Saharan Africa: How does it relate to breast cancer in African American women? Cancer, 103: 1540-1550.
7. Gukas, ID., I. Jatoi and R. Demicelli, 2009. Complex interplay between race and breast cancer: Should this affect breast cancer diagnostic and therapeutic strategies? Curr. Med. Lit: Breast Cancer, 21: 1-8.
8. Hall, M.J., J.E. Rewid, L.A. Burbndge, D. Pruse and A.M. Deffenbaugh et al, 2009. BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutations in women of different ethnicities undergoing testing for hereditary breast-ovarian cancer. Cancer, 115: 2222-2233.
9. Hassan, A., F. Hussain, C. Sohn, R. Mediavilo and A. Saittae et al, 1999. Early onset of breast carcinoma in African-American women with poor prognostic factors. Am. J. Clin. Oncol., 22: 436-414.
10. Howat, A.J., G.R. Armstrong, W.A. Briggs, CM. Nicholson and D.J. Stewart, 2007. Fine needle aspiration of palpable breast lumps: A 1 year audit using the cytospin method. Cytopathology, 3: 17-22.
11. Isola, J.J., 2005. Immunohistochemical demonstration of androgen receptor in breast cancer and its relationship to other prognostic factors. J. Pathol., 170: 31-35.
12. Klijn, J.G.M., P.M.JJ. Berns, P.I.M. Schmitz and J.A. Foekens, 1992. The clinical significance of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGF-R) in human breast cancer a review on 5232 patients. Endocrine Rev., 13: 3-18.
13. Kovi, J., S. Mohla, H.J. Norris, C.C. Sampson and M.Y. Heshmat, 1989. Breast lesions in black women. Pathol. Ann., 24: 199-218.
14. Mbonde, M.P., H. Amir, N.A. Mbembati, R Holland, R Schwartz-Albiez and N. Kitinya, 1998. Characterizations of benign lesions and carcinomas of the female breast in a Sub-Saharan African population. Pathol. Res. Pract, 194: 623-629.
15. Middleton, L.P., V. Chen, G.H. Perkins, V. Pinn and D. Page, 2003. Histopathology of breast cancer among African-American women. Cancer, 97: 253-257.
16. Morris, G. J., S. Naidu, A.K. Topham, F. Guiles and X. Yihuan et al., 2007. Differences in breast carcinoma characteristics in newly diagnosed African-American and Caucasian patients. Cancer, 110: 876-884.
17. Oka, H., H. Shiozaki, K. Kobayashi, I. Mashatoshe and H. Tahara et al, 1993. Expression of E-Cadherin cell adhession molecules in human breast cancer tissues and its relationship to metastasis. Cancer Res., 53: 1696-1701.
18. Olopade, O.I., J.D. Fackenthal, G. Dunston, M.A. Tainsky, F. Collins and C. Whitfield-Broome, 2002. Breast cancer genetics in African women. Cancer, 97: 236-245.
19. Rakha, E.A., M.E. El-Sayed, A.R. Green, A.H.S. Lee, J.F. Robertson and LA. Ellis, 2007. Prognostic markers in triple-negative breast cancer. Cancer, 109: 25-32.
20. Ries, L., M. Eisner and M. Kosary, 2002. SEER Cancer Statistics Review, 1973-1999. National Cancer Institute, Bethesda (MD).
21. Tischkowitz, M., J.S. Brunet, L.R. Begin, D.G. Huntsman and M.C.U. Cheung et al, 2007. Use of immunohistochemical markers can refine prognosis in triple negative breast cancer. BMC Cancer, 7: 134-145.
22. Wabinga, H.R., D.M. Parkin, F. Wabwire-Mangen and J.W. Mugerwa, 1993. Cancer in Campala, Uganda, in 1989-91: Changes in incidence in the era of AIDS. Int. J. Cancer, 54: 26-36.
23. Weiss, S.E., P.I. Tartter, S. Ahmed, S.T. Brower and C. Brusco et al., 1995. Ethnic differences in risk and prognostic factors for breast cancer. Cancer, 76: 268-274.