Thinking about citizen journalism: The philosophical and practical challenges of user-generated content for community newspapers

Journalism Practice

Volumn 4, Issue 2, 2010, Pages 163-179

  Lewis, Seth C ^a   Kaufhold, Kelly ^b   Lasorsa, Dominic L ^b  

^a UNIVERSITY OF MINNESOTA   (United States)

^b UNIVERSITY OF TEXAS AT AUSTIN   (United States)

Author keywords

Authority; Community; Gatekeeping; Participatory journalism; Professionalism; User generated content

Indexed keywords

EID: 78149391121     PISSN: 17512786     EISSN: 17512794     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1080/14616700903156919     Document Type: Article

References (51)

1. Allan, S.tuart, and Thorsen, E.inar. 2009. Citizen Journalism:global perspectives, New York:Peter Lang.
2. Anderson, Christopher. 2008. “ Journalism:expertise, authority, and power in democratic life ”. In The Media and Social Theory, Edited by:David, Hesmondhalgh, and Jason, Toynbee. 248–64. New York:Routledge.
3. Benkler, Yochai. 2006. The Wealth of Networks:how social production transforms markets and freedom, New Haven, CT:Yale University Press.
4. Boczkowski, Pablo J., 2004. Digitizing the News:innovation in online newspapers, Cambridge, MA:MIT Press.
5. Boyle, Kris D. 2008 “ Transforming the News:the impact of leadership and organizational factors on the adoption and use of interactive elements on newspaper web sites ”, unpublished dissertation, Texas Tech University, Lubbock.
6. Breed, Warren. 1955. “Social Control in the Newsroom:a functional analysis”. Social Forces, 33:326–35.
7. Bruns, Axel. 2005. Gatewatching:collaborative online news production, New York:Peter Lang.
8. Bruns, Axel. 2008. Blogs, Wikipedia, Second Life, and Beyond:from production to produsage, New York:Peter Lang.
9. Cassidy, William P., 2006. “Gatekeeping Similar for Online, Print Journalists”. Newspaper Research Journal, 27 (2):6–23.
10. Cooper, Ann. 2008. “The Bigger Tent”. Columbia Journalism Review, 47 (3):45–7.
11. Deuze, Mark. 2003. “The Web and Its Journalisms:considering the consequences of different types of newsmedia online”. New Media & Society, 5 (2):203–30.
12. Deuze, Mark. 2005. “What Is Journalism? Professional identity and ideology of journalists reconsidered”. Journalism, 6 (4):442–64.
13. Deuze, Mark. 2008. “The Professional Identity of Journalists in the Context of Convergence Culture”. Observatorio (OBS*), 2 (4):103–17.
14. Deuze, Mark, Bruns, Axel, and Neuberger, Christoph. 2007. “Preparing for an Age of Participatory News”. Journalism Practice, 1 (3):322–38.
15. Domingo, David, Quandt, Thorsten, Heinonen, Ari, Paulussen, Steve, Singer, Jane B., and Vujnovic, Marina. 2008. “Participatory Journalism Practices in the Media and Beyond”. Journalism Practice, 2 (3):326–42.
16. Gans, Herbert J., 1979. Deciding What's News:a study of CBS Evening News, NBC Nightly News, Newsweek, and Time, New York:Pantheon Books.
17. Haas, Tanni. 2005. “From ‘Public Journalism’ to the ‘Public's Journalism’? Rhetoric and reality in the discourse on weblogs”. Journalism Studies, 6 (3):387–96.
18. Hermida, Alfred, and Thurman, Neil. 2008. “A Clash of Cultures:the integration of user-generated content within professional journalistic frameworks at British newspaper websites”. Journalism Practice, 2 (3):343–56.
19. Jenkins, Henry. 2006. Convergence Culture:where old and new media collide, New York:NYU Press.
20. Kovacic, Melita P., and Erjavec, Karmen. 2008. “Mobi Journalism in Slovenia”. Journalism Studies, 9 (6):874–90.
21. Lewis, Seth C., and Reese, Stephen D., 2009. “What Is the War on Terror? Framing through the eyes of journalists”. Journalism & Mass Communication Quarterly, 86 (1):85–102.
22. Lindlof, Thomas R., and Taylor, Bryan C., 2002. Qualitative Communication Research Methods, Thousand Oaks, CA:Sage.
23. Mutter, Alan, 2009 “ Small Publishers Barely Feel the Pinch,” Newsosaur, http://newsosaur.blogspot.com/2009/01/small-publishers-barely-feel-pinch.html, accessed 12 June 2009.
24. Moyo, Dumisani, 2009 “ Citizen Journalism and the Parallel Market of Information in Zimbabwe's 2008 Election ”, Journalism Studies 10 4, 551 67.
25. Outing, Steve, 2005 “ The 11 Layers of Citizen Journalism ”, Poynter Online, http://www.poynter.org/content/content_view.asp?id=83126, accessed 23 February 2009.
26. Paterson, Chris, Domingo, David, 2008 Making Online News:the ethnography of new media production, New York:Peter Lang.
27. Paulussen, Steve, Heinonen, Ari, Domingo, David, and Quandt, Thorsten. 2007. “Doing It Together:citizen participation in the professional news making process”. Observatorio (OBS), 1 (3):131–54.
28. Paulussen, Steve, and Ugille, Pieter. 2008. “User Generated Content in the Newsroom:professional and organisational constraints on participatory journalism”. Westminster Papers in Communication and Culture, 5 (2):24–41.
29. Project for excellence in journalism 2009 “ State of the News Media:an annual report on American journalism ”, http://www.stateofthemedia.org/2009/index.htm, accessed 13 June 2009.
30. Quart, Alissa. 2008. “Lost Media, Found Media”. Columbia Journalism Review, 47 (1):28–34.
31. Reese, Stephen D., 2008. “ Theorizing a Globalized Journalism ”. In Global Journalism Research:theories, methods, findings, future, Edited by:Löffelholz, Martin, and David, H. Weaver. 240–52. London:Blackwell.
32. Reich, ZVI. 2008. “How Citizens Create News Stories:the ‘news access’ problem reversed”. Journalism Studies, 9 (5):739–58.
33. Robinson, Sue. 2007. “‘Someone's Gotta Be in Control Here’:the institutionalization of online news and the creation of a shared journalistic authority”. Journalism Practice, 1 (3):305–21.
34. Rosen, Jay, 2006 “ The People Formerly Known as the Audience ”, PressThink, http://journalism.nyu.edu/pubzone/weblogs/pressthink/2006/06/27/ppl_frmr.html, accessed 23 February 2009
35. Rosen, Jay, 2008 “ A Most Useful Definition of Citizen Journalism ”, PressThink, http://journalism.nyu.edu/pubzone/weblogs/pressthink/2008/07/14/a_most_useful_d.html, accessed 23 February 2009.
36. Shoemaker, Pamela J., Eichholz, Martin, Kim, Eunyi, and Wrigley, Brenda. 2001. “Individual and Routine Forces in Gatekeeping”. Journalism & Mass Communication Quarterly, 78 (2):233–46.
37. Shoemaker, Pamela J., and Reese, Stephen D., 1996. Mediating the Message:theories of influences on mass media content, White Plains, NY:Longman.
38. Shoemaker, Pamela J., and Vos, Timothy P., 2009. Gatekeeping Theory, New York:Routledge.
39. Shoemaker, Pamela J., Vos, Tim P., and Reese, Stephen D., 2008. “Journalists as Gatekeepers”. In Handbook of Journalism Studies, Edited by:Karin, Wahl-Jorgensen, and Thomas, Hanitzsch. 73–87. New York:Routledge.
40. Singer, Jane B., 2003. “Who are these Guys? The online challenge to the notion of journalistic professionalism”. Journalism, 4 (2):139–63.
41. Singer, Jane B., 2005. “The Political J-Blogger:‘normalizing’ a new media form to fit old norms and practices”. Journalism, 6 (2):173–98.
42. Singer, Jane B., 2006. “The Socially Responsible Existentialist:a normative emphasis for journalists in a new media environment”. Journalism Studies, 7 (1):2–18.
43. Singer, Jane B., 2007. “Contested Autonomy:professional and popular claims on journalistic norms”. Journalism Studies, 8 (1):79–95.
44. Singer, Jane B., 2008. “Five Ws and an H:digital challenges in newspaper newsrooms and boardrooms”. International Journal on Media Management, 10 (3):122–9.
45. Singer, Jane B., and Ashman, Ian. 2009. “‘Comment Is Free, but Facts Are Sacred’:user-generated content and ethical constructs at the Guardian”. Journal of Mass Media Ethics, 24 (1):3–21.
46. Snider, Paul B., 1967. “‘Mr. Gates’ Revisited:a 1966 version of the 1949 case study”. Journalism Quarterly, 44 (3):419–27.
47. Thurman, Neil. 2008. “Forums for Citizen Journalists? Adoption of user generated content initiatives by online news media”. New Media & Society, 10 (1):139–57.
48. Thurman, Neil, and Lupton, Ben. 2008. “Convergence Calls:multimedia storytelling at British news websites”. Convergence, 14 (4):439–55.
49. White, David Manning. 1950. “The Gatekeeper:a case study in the selection of news”. Journalism Quarterly, 27:383–96.
50. Williams, Bruce A., and Carpini, Michael X. Delli. 2004. “Monica and Bill All the Time and Everywhere:the collapse of gatekeeping and agenda setting in the new media environment”. American Behavioral Scientist, 47 (9):1208–30.
51. Witt, Leonard, 2006 “Constructing a Framework to Enable an Open Source Reinvention of Journalism”, First Monday 11(6), (5 June 2006), http://firstmonday.org/htbin/cgiwrap/bin/ojs/index.php/fm/article/view/1338, accessed 29 September 2009.