Sleep and stroke

Handbook of Clinical Neurology

Volumn 99, Issue C, 2011, Pages 1051-1072

  Bassetti, Claudio L ^a   Hermann, Dirk M ^b  

^a UNIVERSITY HOSPITAL ZURICH   (Switzerland)

^b UNIVERSITY HOSPITAL ESSEN   (Germany)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ANIMAL; BOOK; BRAIN; CIRCADIAN RHYTHM; HISTORY; HUMAN; PATHOLOGY; PATHOPHYSIOLOGY; PHYSIOLOGY; RISK FACTOR; SLEEP DISORDER; SLEEP STAGE; STROKE;

ANIMALS; BRAIN; CIRCADIAN RHYTHM; HISTORY, 19TH CENTURY; HISTORY, 20TH CENTURY; HUMANS; RISK FACTORS; SLEEP DISORDERS; SLEEP STAGES; STROKE;

EID: 78149364011     PISSN: 00729752     EISSN: None     Source Type: Book Series    
DOI: 10.1016/B978-0-444-52007-4.00021-7     Document Type: Book

References (180)

1. Altin R., Ozdemir H., Mahmutyazicioglu K., et al. Evaluation of carotid artery wall thickness with high-resolution sonography in obstructive sleep apnea syndrome. J Clin Ultrasound 2005, 33:80-86.
2. American Academy of Sleep Medicine International Classification of Sleep Disorders. Diagnostic and coding manual 2005, Westchester, Illinois. 2nd.
3. Appenzeller O., Fischer A.P. Disturbances of rapid eye movements during sleep in patients with lesions of the nervous system. Electroencephalogr Clin Neurophysiol 1968, 25:29-35.
4. Arpa J., Rodriguez-Albarino R., Izal E., et al. Hypersomnia after tegmental pontine hematoma: case report. Neurologia 1995, 10:140-144.
5. Arzt M., Young T., Finn L., et al. Association of sleep-disordered breathing and the occurrence of stroke. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2005, 172:1447-1451.
6. Askenasy J.J.M., Goldhammer I. Sleep apnea as a feature of bulbar stroke. Stroke 1988, 19:637-639.
7. Autret A., Laffont F., de Toffol B., et al. A syndrome of REM and non-REM sleep reduction and lateral gaze paresis after medial tegmental pontine stroke. Arch Neurol 1988, 45:1236-1242.
8. Autret A., Lucas B., Mondon K. Sleep and brain lesions: a critical review of the literature and additional new cases. Neurophysiol Clin 2001, 31:356-375.
9. Bålfors E.M., Franklin K.A. Impairment of cerebral perfusion during obstructive sleep apnea syndrome. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 1994, 150:1587-1591.
10. Barbé F., Mayoralas L.R., Duran J. Treatment with continuous positive airway pressure is not effective in patients with sleep apnea but no daytime sleepiness. Ann Intern Med 2001, 134:1015-1023.
11. Bassetti C., Aldrich M. Night time versus daytime transient ischemic attack and ischemic stroke: a prospective study of 110 patients. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 1999, 67:463-467.
12. Bassetti C., Aldrich M. Sleep apnea in acute cerebrovascular diseases: final report on 128 patients. Sleep 1999, 22:217-223.
13. Bassetti C., Aldrich M.S. Sleep electroencephalogram changes in acute hemispheric stroke. Sleep Med 2001, 2:185-194.
14. Bassetti C., Aldrich M., Chervin R., et al. Sleep apnea in the acute phase of TIA and stroke. Neurology 1996, 47:1167-1173.
15. Bassetti C., Mathis J., Gugger M., et al. Hypersomnia following thalamic stroke. Ann Neurol 1996, 39:471-480.
16. Bassetti C., Aldrich M.S., Quint D. Sleep-disordered breathing in patients with acute supra- and infratentorial stroke. Stroke 1997, 28:1765-1772.
17. Bassetti C.L. Sleep and stroke. Semin Neurol 2005, 25:19-32.
18. Bassetti C.L., Valko P. Poststroke hypersomnia. Sleep Med Clin 2006, 1:139-155.
19. Bassetti C.L., Milanova M., Gugger M. Sleep-disordered breathing and acute ischemic stroke: diagnosis, risk factors, treatment, evolution, and long-term clinical outcome. Stroke 2006, 37:967-972.
20. Bastuji H., Nighoghossian S., Salord F., et al. Mesodiencephalic infarct with hypersomnia: sleep recordings in two cases (abstract). J Sleep Res 1994, 3:16.
21. Beelke M., Angeli S., del Sette M. Obstructive sleep apnea can be provocative for right-to-left shunting through a patent foramen ovale. Sleep 2002, 25:856-862.
22. Bischof M., Bassetti C. Total dream loss (Charcot-Wildbrand syndrome): a distinct neuropsychological dysfunction following bilateral posterior cerebral artery stroke. Ann Neurol 2004, 56:583-586.
23. Bogousslavsky J., Khurana R., Deruaz J.P. Respiratory failure and unilateral caudal brainstem infarction. Ann Neurol 1990, 28:668-673.
24. Bokinsky G., Miller M., Ault K., et al. Spontaneous platelet activation and aggregation during obstructive sleep apnea and its response to therapy with nasal continuous positive airway pressure. Chest 1995, 108:625-630.
25. Boller F., Wright D., Cavalieri R., et al. Paroxysmal " nightmares" sequel to a stroke responsive to diphenylhydantoin. Neurology 1975, 25:1026-1028.
26. Broughton R., Baron R. Sleep patterns in the intensive care unit and on the ward after acute myocardial infarction. Electroencephalogr Clin Neurophysiol 1978, 45:348-360.
27. Brown D.L., Chervin R.D., Hickenbottom S.L., et al. Screening for obstructive sleep apnea in stroke patients: a cost-effectiveness analysis. Stroke 2005, 38:1291-1293.
28. Brown D.L., Lisabeth L.D., Zupancic M.J., et al. High prevalence of supine sleep in ischemic stroke patients. Stroke 2008, 39:2511-2514.
29. Brown H.W., Plum F. The neurologic basis of Cheyne-Stokes respiration. Am J Med 1961, 30:849-869.
30. Cairns H., Oldfield R.C., Pennybacker J.B., et al. Akinetic mutism with an epidermoid cyst of the 3rd ventricle. Brain 1941, 64:273-290.
31. Caplan L.R., Pessin M.S., Scott R.M., et al. Poor outcome after lateral medullary infarcts. Neurology 1986, 36:1510-1513.
32. Cascino G.D., Adams R.D. Brainstem auditory hallucinosis. Neurology 1986, 36:1042-1047.
33. Castaigne P., Escourolle R. Etude topographique des lésions anatomiques dans les hypersomnies. Rev Neurol (Paris) 1967, 116:547-584.
34. Castaigne P., Lhermitte F., Bege A., et al. Paramedian thalamic and midbrain infarct: Clinical and neuropathological study. Ann Neurol 1981, 10:127-148.
35. Catsman-Berrevoets C.E., Harskamp F. Compulsive pre-sleep behaviour and apathy due to bilateral thalamic stroke. Neurology 1988, 38:647-649.
36. Charcot M. Un cas de suppression brusque et isolée de la vision mentale des signes et des objects/formes et couleurs). Progr Med (Paris) 1883, 2:568-571.
37. Chaturvedi S., Adams H.P., Woolson R.F. Circadian variation in ischemic stroke subtypes. Stroke 1999, 30:1793-1795.
38. Chin K., Kita H., Noguchi T., et al. Improvement of factor VII clotting activity following long-term NCPAP treatment in obstructive sleep apnoea syndrome. Q J Med 1998, 91:627-633.
39. Chin K., Ohi M., Kita H., et al. Effects of NCPAP on fibrinogen levels in obstructive sleep apnea syndrome. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 1996, 153:1972-1976.
40. Claude H., Loyez M. Ramollisement du noyau rouge. Rev Neurol 1912, 23:40-51.
41. Coughlin S.R., Mawdsley L., Mugarza J.A., et al. Obstructive sleep apnoea is independently associated with an increased prevalence of metabolic syndrome. Eur Heart J 2004, 25:735-741.
42. Coughlin S.R., Mawdsley L., Mugarza J.A., et al. Cardiovascular and metabolic effects of CPAP in obese males with OSA. Eur Respir J 2007, 29:720-727.
43. Culebras A., Moore J.T. Magnetic resonance findings in REM sleep behavior disorder. Neurology 1989, 39:1519-1523.
44. Cummings J.L., Greenberg R. Sleep patterns in the " locked-in" syndrome. Electroencephalogr Clin Neurophysiol 1977, 43:270-271.
45. Currier R.D., Giles C.L., de Jong R.N. Some aspects on Wallenberg's lateral medullary syndrome. Neurology 1961, 11:778-791.
46. Davies C.W., Crosby J.H., Mullins R.L. Case control study of cerebrovascular damage defined by magnetic resonance imaging in patients with OSA and normal matched control subjects. Sleep 2001, 24:715-720.
47. de Groot M.H., Philipps S.J., Eskes G.A. Fatigue associated with stroke and other neurologic conditions: implications for stroke rehabilitation. Arch Phys Med Rehabil 2003, 84:1714-1720.
48. Ding J., Nieto F.J., Beauchamp N.J., et al. Sleep-disordered breathing and white matter disease in the brainstem in older adults. Sleep 2004, 27:474-479.
49. Diomedi M., Placidi F., Cupini L.M., et al. Cerebral hemodynamics changes in sleep apnea and effect of continuous positive airway pressure. Neurology 1998, 51:1051-1056.
50. Disler P., Hansford A., Skelton J. Diagnosis and treatment of obstructive sleep apnea in a stroke rehabilitation unit: a feasibility study. Am J Phys Med Rehabil 2002, 81:622-625.
51. Drake M.E. Kleine-Levine syndrome after multiple cerebral infarctions. Psychosomatics 1987, 28:329-330.
52. Dyken M.E., Somers V.K., Yamada T., et al. Investigating the relationship between stroke and obstructive sleep apnea. Stroke 1996, 27:401-407.
53. Dziewas R., Humpert M., Hopmann B., et al. Increased prevalence of sleep apnea in patients with recurring ischemic stroke compared with first stroke victims. J Neurol 2005, 252:1394-1398.
54. Elliott W.J. Circadian variation in the timing of stroke onset: a meta-analysis. Stroke 1998, 29:992-996.
55. Faccenda J.F., Mackay T.W., Boon N.A., et al. Randomized, placebo-controlled trial of continuous positive airway pressure on blood pressure in the sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2001, 163:344-348.
56. Façon E., Steriade M., Wertheim N. Hypersomnie prolongée engendrée par des lésions bilatérale du système activateur médial. Le syndrome thrombotique de la bifurcation du tronc basilaire. Rev Neurol (Paris) 1958, 98:117-133.
57. Fisher C.M. Abulia minor versus agitated behaviour. Clin Neurosurg 1983, 31:9-31.
58. Freund S.C. Zur Klinik der vertikalen Blicklähmung. Neurlogisches Zentralblatt 1913, 32:1215-1229.
59. Fukutake T., Hattori T. Auditory illusions caused by a small lesion in the right medial geniculate body. Neurology 1998, 51:1469-1471.
60. Garrel S., Fau R., Perret J., et al. Troubles du sommeil dans deux syndromes vasculaires du tronc cérébral dont l'un anatomo-clinique. Rev Neurol (Paris) 1966, 115:575-584.
61. Girard P., Gerest F., Tommasi M., et al. Ramollissement géant du pied de la protubérance. Lyon Med 1962, 94:877-892.
62. Giubilei F., Iannilli M., Vitale A. Sleep patterns in acute ischemic stroke. Acta Neurol Scand 1992, 86:567-571.
63. Good D.C., Henkle J.Q., Gelber D., et al. Sleep-disordered breathing and poor functional outcome after stroke. Stroke 1996, 27:252-259.
64. Gottselig J., Bassetti C., Achermann P. Power and coherence of sleep spindle activity following hemispheric stroke. Brain 2002, 125:373-385.
65. Grade C., Redford B., Chrostowski J. Methylphenidate in early poststroke recovery: a double-blind, placebo controlled study. Arch Phys Med Rehabil 1998, 79:1047-1050.
66. Greenberg R. Cerebral cortex lesions: the dream process and sleep spindles. Cortex 1966, 2:357-366.
67. Grünstein A.M. Die Erforschung der Träume als eine Methode der topischen Diagnostik bei Grosshirnerkrankungen. Zeitschrift für die gesamte Neurologie und Psychiatrie 1924, 93:416-420.
68. Guilleminault C., Quera-Salva M.A., Goldberg M.P. Pseudo-hypersomnia and pre-sleep behaviour with bilateral paramedian thalamic lesions. Brain 1993, 116:1549-1563.
69. Hachinski V., Mamelak M., Norris J.W. Prognostic value of sleep morphology in cerebral infarction. Cerebrovascular Diseases 1979, Vol. 449:287-292. Excerpta Medica, Amsterdam. M. Jea (Ed.).
70. Hachinski V., Mamelak M., Norris J.W. Clinical recovery and sleep architecture degradation. Can J Neurol Sci 1990, 17:332-335.
71. Hajak G., Klingelhöfer J., Schulz-Varszegi M., et al. Sleep apnea syndrome and cerebral hemodynamics. Chest 1996, 110:670-679.
72. Harbison J., Ford G.A., James O.F., et al. Sleep-disordered breathing following acute stroke. Q J Med 2002, 95:741-747.
73. Harbison J., Gibson G.J., Birchall D., et al. White matter disease and sleep-disordered breathing after acute stroke. Neurology 2003, 61:959-963.
74. Hermann D.M., Bassetti C.L. Sleep apnea and other sleep-wake disorders in stroke. Curr Treat Options Neurol 2003, 5:241-249.
75. Hermann D.M., Siccoli M., Kirov P., et al. Central periodic breathing during sleep in acute ischemic stroke. Stroke 2007, 38:1082-1084.
76. Hermann D.M., Siccoli M., Brugger P., et al. Evolution of neurological, neuropsychological and sleep-wake disturbances after paramedian thalamic stroke. Stroke 2008, 39:62-68.
77. Hobson A.J. Sleep and dream suppression following a lateral medullary infarction: a first-person account. Conscious Cogn 2002, 11:377-390.
78. Horne J.A. Human sleep, sleep loss and behaviour. Implications for the prefrontal cortex and psychiatric disorder. Br J Psychiatry 1993, 162:413-419.
79. Howard R.S., Thorpe J., Barker R. Respiratory insufficiency due to high anterior cervical cord infarction. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 1998, 64:358-361.
80. Hsu C.Y., Vennelle M., Li H.Y., et al. Sleep-disordered breathing after stroke: a randomised controlled trial of continuous positive airway pressure. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 2006, 77:1143-1149.
81. Hui D.S., Choy D.K., Wong L.K. Prevalence of sleep-disordered breathing and continuous positive airway pressure compliance: results in Chinese patients with first-ever ischemic stroke. Chest 2002, 122:852-860.
82. Hunziker A., Frick P., Regli F., et al. Zentralbedingte chronische alveoläre Hypoventilation bei Malazien in der Medulla Oblongata. Beitrag zum Wallenberg-Syndrom. Dtsch Med Wochenschr 1964, 89:676-680.
83. Iranzo A., Santamaria J., Berenguer J., et al. Prevalence and clinical importance of sleep apnea in the first night after cerebral infarction. Neurology 2002, 58:911-916.
84. Jimenez-Conde J., Ois A., Rodriguez-Campello A., et al. Does sleep protect against ischemic stroke Less frequent ischemic strokes but more severe ones. J Neurol 2007, 254:782-788.
85. Johns M.W. Sleepiness in different situations measured by the Epworth Sleepiness Scale. Sleep 1994, 17:703-710.
86. Kanagala R., Murali N.S., Friedman P.A., et al. Obstructive sleep apnea and the recurrence of atrial fibrillation. Circulation 2003, 107:2589-2594.
87. Kaneko Y., Hajek V., Zivanovic V., et al. Relationship of sleep apnea to functional capacity and length of hospitalization following stroke. Sleep 2003, 26:293-297.
88. Kimura K., Tachibana N., Kohyama J., et al. A discrete pontine ischemic lesion could cause REM sleep behavior disorder. Neurology 2000, 55:894-895.
89. Kono M., Tatsumi K., Saibara T., et al. Obstructive sleep apnea syndrome is associated with some components of metabolic syndrome. Chest 2007, 131:1387-1392.
90. Krachmann S.L., D'Alonzo G.E., Criner G.J. Sleep in the intensive care unit. Chest 1995, 107:1713-1720.
91. Kushida C.A., Rye D.B., Nummy D. Cortical asymmetry of REM sleep following unilateral pontine hemorrhage. Neurology 1991, 41:598-601.
92. Lahuerta J., Buxton P., Lipton S., et al. The location and function of respiratory fibres in the second cervical spinal cord segment: respiratory dysfunction syndrome after cervical cordotomy. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 1992, 55:1142-1145.
93. Landau M.E., Maladonado J.Y., Jabbari B. The effects of isolated brainstem lesions on human REM sleep. Sleep Med 2005, 6:37-40.
94. Lanfranchi P.A., Somers V.K., Braghiroli A. Central sleep apnea in left ventricular dysfunction. Circulation 2003, 107:727-732.
95. Laplane D., Baulac M., Widlöcher D., et al. Pure psychic akinesia with bilateral lesions of basal ganglia. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 1984, 47:377-385.
96. Lavie L., Kraiczi H., Hefetz A., et al. Plasma vascular endothelial growth factor in sleep apnea syndrome: effects of nasal continuous positive airway pressure treatment. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2002, 165:1624-1628.
97. Lavie P., Lavie L. Is the severity of sleep apnea associated with ischemic stroke in the elderly?. Stroke 2007, 38:249.
98. Lazar R.M., Fitzsimmons B.F., Marshall R.S. Reemergence of stroke deficits with midazolam challenge. Stroke 2002, 33:283-285.
99. Leegard O.F. Diffuse cerebral symptoms in convalescents from cerebral infarction and myocardial infarction. Acta Neurol Scand 1983, 67:348-355.
100. Lee M.C., Klassen A.C., Resch J.A. Respiratory pattern disturbances in ischemic cerebral vascular disease. Stroke 1974, 5:612-616.
101. Leppävuori A., Pohjasvaara T., Vataja R., et al. Insomnia in ischemic stroke patients. Cerebrovasc Dis 2002, 14:90-97.
102. Leslie W.D., Wali S., Kryger M. Blood flow of the middle cerebral artery with sleep-disordered breathing: correlation with obstructive hypopnea. Stroke 1999, 30:188-189.
103. Levasseur M., Baron J.C., Sette G. Brain energy metabolism in bilateral paramedian thalamic infarcts. A PET study. Brain 1992, 115:795-807.
104. Lhermitte M.J. Syndrome de la calotte du pédoncule cérébral. Les troubles psycho-sensoriels dans les lésions mésocéphaliques. Rev Neurol (Paris) 1922, 29:1359-1365.
105. Marin J.M., Carrizo S.J., Vicente E., et al. Long-term cardiovascular outcomes in men with obstructive sleep apnoea-hypopnoea with or without treatment with continuous positive airway pressure: an observational study. Lancet 2005, 365:1046-1053.
106. Markand O.N., Dyken M.L. Sleep abnormalities in patients with brainstem lesions. Neurology 1976, 26:769-776.
107. Martin R., Bogousslavsky J., Regli F. Striatocapsular infarction and " release" visual hallucinations. Cerebrovasc Dis 1992, 2:111-113.
108. Martinez-Garcia M.A., Galiano-Blancart R., Soler-Cataluna J.J., et al. Improvement in nocturnal disordered breathing after first-ever ischemic stroke. Role of dysphagia. Chest 2006, 129:238-245.
109. Martinez-Garcia M.A., Galiano-Blancart R., Roman-Sanchez P., et al. Continuous events after ischemic stroke. Chest 2005, 128:2123-2129.
110. McArdle N., Riha R.L., Vennelle M. Sleep-disordered breathing as a risk factor for cerebrovascular disease. Stroke 2003, 34:2916-2921.
111. Minoguchi K., Yokoe T., Tazaki T., et al. Increased carotid intima-media thickness and serum inflammatory markers in obstructive sleep apnea. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2005, 172:625-630.
112. Minoguchi K., Yokoe T., Tazaki T., et al. Silent brain infarction and platelet activation in obstructive sleep apnea. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2007, 175:612-617.
113. Morrell M.J., Heywood P., Moosawi S.H., et al. Unilateral focal lesions in the rostral medulla influence chemosensitivity and breathing measured during wakefulness, sleep, and exercise. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 1999, 67:637-645.
114. Müller C., Achermann P., Bischof M., et al. Visual and spectral analysis of sleep EEG in acute hemispheric stroke. Eur Neurol 2002, 48:164-171.
115. Munoz R., Duran-Cantolla J., Martinez-Vila E., et al. Severe sleep apnea and risk of ischemic stroke in the elderly. Stroke 2006, 37:2317-2321.
116. Munschauer F.E., Mador J., Ahuja A., et al. Selective paralysis of voluntary but not limbically influenced automatic respiration. Arch Neurol 1991, 48:1190-1192.
117. Nachtmann A., Siebler M., Rose G., et al. Cheyne-Stokes respiration in ischemic stroke. Neurology 1995, 45:820-821.
118. Netzer N., Werner P., Jochums I., et al. Blood flow of the middle cerebral artery with sleep-disordered breathing. Stroke 1998, 29:87-93.
119. Newsom-Davis J. Autonomous breathing. Arch Neurol 1974, 30:480-483.
120. Nopmaneejumruslers C., Kaneko Y., Hajek V., et al. Cheyne-Stokes respiration in stroke: relationship to hypocapnia and occult cardiac dysfunction. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2005, 171:1048-1052.
121. Obrador S., Reinoso-Suarez F., Carbonell J. Comatose state maintained during eight years following a vascular ponto-mesencephalic lesion. Electroencephalogr Clin Neurophysiol 1975, 38:21-26.
122. Ozdemir O., Beletsky V., Hachinsky V., et al. Cerebrovascular events on awakening, patent foramen ovale and obstructive sleep apnea syndrome. J Neurol Sci 2008, 268:193-194.
123. Palomäki H., Berg A.T., Meririnne E. Complaints of poststroke insomnia and its treatment with mianserin. Cerebrovasc Dis 2003, 15:56-62.
124. Parish J.M., Adam T., Facchiano L. Relationship of metabolic syndrome and obstructive sleep apnea. J Clin Sleep Med 2007, 3:467-472.
125. Parra O., Arboix A., Bechich S. Time course of sleep-related breathing disorders in first-ever stroke or transient ischemic attack. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2000, 161:375-380.
126. Parra O., Arboix A., Montserrat J.M., et al. Sleep-related breathing disorders: impact on mortality of cerebrovascular disease. Eur Respir J 2004, 24:267-272.
127. Passero S., Reale F., Ciacci G., et al. Differing temporal patterns of onset in subgroups of patients. Stroke 2000, 31:1538-1544.
128. Passouant P., Cadilhac J., Baldy-Moulinier M. Physio-pathologie des hypersomnies. Rev Neurol (Paris) 1967, 116:585-629.
129. Peled N., Kassirer M., Shitrit D., et al. The association of OSA with insulin resistance, inflammation and metabolic syndrome. Respir Med 2007, 101:1696-1701.
130. Peppard P.E., Young T., Palta M., et al. Prospective study of the association between sleep-disordered breathing and hypertension. N Engl J Med 2000, 342:1378-1384.
131. Pepperell J.C.T., Ramdassingh-Dow S., Crosthwaite N. Ambulatory blood pressure after therapeutic and subtherapeutic nasal continuous positive airway pressure for obstructive sleep apnoea: a randomized parallel trial. Lancet 2002, 359:204-210.
132. Petitjean F., Sakai K., Blondaux C., et al. Hypersomnie par lésion isthmique chez le chat. II. Etude neurophysiologique et pharmacologique. Brain Res 1975, 88:439-453.
133. Plum F., Alvord E.C. Apneustic breathing in man. Arch Neurol 1964, 10:101-112.
134. Plum F., Swanson A.G. Central neurogenic hyperventilation in man. Arch Neurol Psychiatry 1959, 81:535-549.
135. Popoviciu L., Asgian B., Corfarici D., et al. Anatomoclinical and polygraphic features in cerebrovascular diseases with disturbances of vigilance. Sleep 1978: Fourth European Congress on Sleep Research 1980, 165-169. S. Karger, New York. L. Tiru-Mures, L. Popoviciu, B. Asgia (Eds.).
136. Reichmuth K.J., Austin D., Skatrud J.B., et al. Association of sleep apnea and type II diabetes: a population-based study. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2005, 172:1590-1595.
137. Rivera V.M., Meyer J.S., Hata T., et al. Narcolepsy following cerebral hypoxic ischemia. Ann Neurol 1986, 19:505-508.
138. Robbins J., Redline S., Ervin A., et al. Associations of sleep-disordered breathing and cerebral changes on MRI. J Clin Sleep Med 2005, 1:159-165.
139. Ron S., Algom D., Hary D., et al. Time-related changes in the distribution of sleep stages in brain injured patients. Electroencephalogr Clin Neurophysiol 1980, 48:432-441.
140. Ropper A.H. A preliminary MRI study of the geometry of brain displacement and level of consciousness with acute intracranial masses. Neurology 1989, 39:622-627.
141. Rossetti A.O., Maeder-Ingvar M., Reichhart M.D., et al. Transitory sleep spindles impairment in deep cerebral venous thrombosis. Neurophysiol Clin 2005, 35:19-23.
142. Rousseaux M., Hurtevent F., Benaim C., et al. Late contralateral hyperhidrosis in lateral medullary infarcts. Stroke 1996, 27:991-995.
143. Rowat A.M., Wardlaw J.M., Dennis M., et al. Patient positioning influences oxygen saturation in the acute phase of stroke. Cerebrovasc Dis 2001, 12:66-72.
144. Sahlin C., Sandberg O., Gustafson Y., et al. Obstructive sleep apnea is a risk factor for death in patients with stroke: a 10-year follow-up. Arch Intern Med 2008, 168:297-301.
145. Sandberg O., Franklin K.A., Bucht G., et al. Nasal continuous positive airway pressure in stroke patients with sleep apnoea: a randomized treatment study. Eur Respir J 2001, 18:619-622.
146. Sanders M.H., Givelber R. Sleep disordered breathing may not be an independent risk factor for diabetes, but diabetes may contribute to the occurrence of periodic breathing in sleep. Sleep Med 2003, 4:349-350.
147. Santamaria J., Pujol M., Orteu N., et al. Unilateral thalamic stroke does not decrease ipsilateral sleep spindles. Sleep 2000, 23:333-339.
148. Sastre J.P., Buda C., Kitahama K., et al. Importance of the ventrolateral region of the periaqueductal gray and adjacent tegmentum in the control of paradoxical sleep as studied by muscimol microinjections in the cat. Neuroscience 1996, 74:415-426.
149. Scammell T.E., Nishino S., Mignot E., et al. Narcolepsy and low CSF orexin (hypocretin) concentration after stroke. Neurology 2001, 56:1751-1753.
150. Scheidtmann K., Fries W., Muller F., et al. Effect of levodopa in combination with physiotherapy on functional recovery after stroke: a prospective, randomized, double-blind study. Lancet 2001, 358:787-790.
151. Schulz R., Hummel C., Heinemann S., et al. Serum levels of vascular endothelial growth factor are elevated in patients with obstructive sleep apnea and severe nighttime hypoxia. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2002, 165:67-70.
152. Schuster B. Beiträge zur Pathologie des Thalamus opticus. Arch Psychiatr Nervenkr 1937, 17:201-233.
153. Selic C., Siccoli M.M., Hermann D.M., et al. Blood pressure evolution after acute ischemic stroke in patients with and without sleep apnea. Stroke 2005, 36:2614-2618.
154. Shamsuzzaman A.S., Gersh B.J., Somers V.K. Obstructive sleep apnea. JAMA 2003, 290:1906-1914.
155. Sharma S.K., Kumpawat S., Goel A., et al. Obesity, and not obstructive sleep apnea, is responsible for metabolic abnormalities in a cohort with sleep-disordered breathing. Sleep Med 2007, 8:12-17.
156. Siccoli M.M., Rölli-Baumeler N., Achermann P., et al. Correlation between sleep and cognitive functions after hemispheric ischaemic stroke. Eur J Neurol 2008, 15:565-572.
157. Siccoli M.M., Valko P., Hermann D.M., et al. Central periodic breathing during sleep in 74 patients with acute ischemic stroke - neurogenic and cardiogenic factors. J Neurol 2008, 255:1687-1692.
158. Silvestrini M., Rizzato B., Placidi F., et al. Carotid artery wall thickness in patients with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome. Stroke 2002, 33:1782-1785.
159. Solms M. The Neuropsychology of Dreams 1997, Lawrence Erlbaum, Mahwah, NJ.
160. Spriggs D.A., French J.M., Murdy J.M., et al. Snoring increases the risk of stroke and adversely affects prognosis. Q J Med 1992, 83:555-562.
161. Szucs A., Vitrai J., Janszky J. Pathological sleep apnoea frequency remains permanent in ischemic stroke and it is transient in haemorrhagic stroke. Eur Neurol 2002, 47:15-19.
162. Tamura K., Karacan I., Williams R.L., et al. Disturbances of the sleep-waking cycle in patients with vascular brain stem lesions. Clin Electroencephalogr 1983, 14:35-46.
163. Teschler H., Döhring J., Wang Y.M., et al. Adaptive pressure support servo-ventilation. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2001, 164:614-619.
164. Turkington P.M., Bamford C.R., Wanklyn P., et al. Prevalence and predictors of upper airway obstruction in the first 24 hours after acute stroke. Stroke 2002, 33:2037-2042.
165. Turkington P.M., Allagr V., Bamford J., et al. Effect of upper airway obstruction in acute stroke on functional outcome at 6 months. Thorax 2004, 59:367-371.
166. Uhlhass P.J., Singer W. Neural synchrony in brain disorders: relevance for cognitive dysfunctions and pathophysiology. Neuron 2006, 52:155-168.
167. Unrath A., Kassubek J. Symptomatic restless legs syndrome after lacunar stroke: a lesion study. Mov Dis 2006, 11:2027-2028.
168. Valham F., Mooe T., Rabben T., et al. Increased risk of stroke in patients with coronary artery disease and sleep apnea: a 10-year follow-up. Circulation 2008, 118:955-960.
169. Valko P.O., Bassetti C.L., Bloch K.E., et al. Validation of the fatigue severity scale in a Swiss cohort. Sleep 2008, 31:1601-1607.
170. Vallderiola F., Santamaria J., Graus F., et al. Absence of REM sleep, altered NREM sleep and supranuclear horizontal gaze palsy caused by a lesion of the pontine tegmentum. Sleep 1993, 16:184-188.
171. van Bogaert L. L'hallucinose pédonculaire. Rev Neurol (Paris) 1927, 43:608-617.
172. van Bogaert M. Syndrome de la calotte protubérantielle avec myoclonie localisée et troubles du sommeil. Rev Neurol (Paris) 1926, 45:977-988.
173. Vock J., Achermann P., Bischof M., et al. Evolution of sleep and sleep EEG after hemispheric stroke. J Sleep Res 2002, 11:331-338.
174. Wattanakit K., Boland L., Punjabi N.M., et al. Relation of sleep-disordered breathing to carotid plaque and intima-media thickness. Atherosclerosis 2007, 197:125-131.
175. Wessendorf T.E., Teschler H., Wang Y.M., et al. Sleep-disordered breathing among patients with first-ever stroke. J Neurol 2000, 247:41-47.
176. Wessendorf T.E., Thilmann A.F., Wang Y.M., et al. Fibrinogen levels and obstructive sleep apnea in ischemic stroke. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2000, 162:2039-2042.
177. Wessendorf T.E., Wang Y.M., Thilmann A.F., et al. Treatment of obstructive sleep apnoea with nasal continuous positive airway pressure. Eur Respir J 2001, 18:623-629.
178. Wyller T.B., Holmen J., Laake P., et al. Correlates of subjective well-being in stroke patients. Stroke 1998, 29:363-367.
179. Yaggi H.K., Concato J., Kernan W.N., et al. Obstructive sleep apnea as a risk factor for stroke and death. N Engl J Med 2005, 353:2034-2041.
180. Yokohama E., Nagata K., Hirata Y., et al. Correlation of EEG activity between slow-wave sleep and wakefulness in patients with supratentorial stroke. Brain Topogr 1996, 8:269-273.