Taxing working memory reduces vividness and emotional intensity of images about the Queen's Day tragedy

Journal of Behavior Therapy and Experimental Psychiatry

Volumn 42, Issue 1, 2011, Pages 32-37

  Engelhard, Iris M ^a   Van Den Hout, Marcel A ^a   Smeets, Monique A M ^a  

^a UTRECHT UNIVERSITY   (Netherlands)

Author keywords

Disaster; EMDR; Intrusive memory; Mental imagery; PTSD; Transdiagnostic; Working memory

Indexed keywords

ADULT; ARITHMETIC; ARTICLE; BEHAVIOR THERAPY; CONTROLLED STUDY; DISASTER; EMOTIONALITY; FEMALE; HUMAN; HUMAN EXPERIMENT; HYPOTHESIS; IMAGERY; MALE; MENTAL PERFORMANCE; NORMAL HUMAN; POSTTRAUMATIC STRESS DISORDER; RETINA IMAGE; TASK PERFORMANCE; THEORY; WORKING MEMORY;

ADOLESCENT; ADULT; EMOTIONS; EYE MOVEMENTS; FEMALE; HUMANS; IMAGINATION; MALE; MEMORY, SHORT-TERM; NETHERLANDS; PHOTIC STIMULATION; REACTION TIME; STRESS DISORDERS, POST-TRAUMATIC; TREATMENT OUTCOME;

EID: 78049499499     PISSN: 00057916     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.jbtep.2010.09.004     Document Type: Article

References (32)

1. J. Andrade, D. Kavanagh, and A. Baddeley Eye movements and visual imagery: a working memory approach to the treatment of post-traumatic stress disorder British Journal of Clinical Psychology 36 1997 209 223
2. A.D. Baddeley Human memory: Theory and practice 1998 Allyn & Bacon Needham Heights, MA
3. A.D. Baddeley, and J. Andrade Working memory and the vividness of imagery Journal of Experimental Psychology: General 129 2000 126 145
4. A.L. Barrowcliff, N.S. Gray, T.C.A. Freeman, and M.J. MacCulloch Eye movements reduce the vividness, emotional valence and electrodermal arousal associated with negative autobiographical memories Journal of Forensic Psychiatry and Psychology 15 2004 325 345
5. J.I. Bisson, A. Ehlers, R. Matthews, S. Pilling, D. Richards, and S. Turner Psychological treatments for chronic post-traumatic stress disorder: systematic review and meta-analysis British Journal of Psychiatry 190 2007 97 104
6. S.F. Coffey, B. Gudmundsdottir, J.G. Beck, S.A. Palyo, and L. Miller Screening for PTSD in motor vehicle accident survivors using the PSS-SR and IES Journal of Traumatic Stress 19 2006 119 128
7. Dienst Nationale Recherche van het Korps Landelijke Politiediensten Onderzoeksrapportage Koninginnedag 2009. Bevindingen van het rechercheonderzoek 2009
8. A. Ehlers, A. Hackmann, R. Steil, S. Clohessy, K. Wenninger, and W. Heike The nature of intrusive memories after trauma: the warning signal hypothesis Behaviour Research and Therapy 40 2002 995 1002
9. I.M. Engelhard, A. Arntz, and M.A. van den Hout Low specificity of symptoms on the post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptom scale: a comparison of individuals with PTSD, individuals with other anxiety disorders, and individuals without psychopathology British Journal of Clinical Psychology 46 2007 449 456
10. I.M. Engelhard, M.A. van den Hout, A. Arntz, and R.J. McNally A longitudinal study of "Intrusion-based reasoning" and PTSD after a train disaster Behaviour Research and Therapy 40 2002 1415 1424
11. I.M. Engelhard, M.A. van den Hout, W. Janssen, and J. van der Beek Eye movements reduce vividness and emotionality of "flashforwards" Behaviour Research and Therapy 48 2010 442 447
12. E.B. Foa, D.S. Riggs, C.V. Dancu, and B.O. Rothbaum Reliability and validity of a brief instrument for assessing post-traumatic stress disorder Journal of Traumatic Stress 6 1993 459 473
13. R.W. Gunter, and G.E. Bodner How eye movements affect unpleasant memories: support for a working-memory account Behaviour Research and Therapy 46 2008 913 931
14. A. Hackmann, and E. Holmes Reflecting on imagery: a clinical perspective and overview of the special issue of memory on mental imagery and memory in psychopathology Memory 12 2004 389 402 (Pubitemid 39069540)
15. A.G. Harvey, E. Watkins, W. Mansell, and R. Shafran Cognitive Behavioural Processes across Psychological Disorders: A Transdiagnostic Approach to Research and Treatment 2004 OxfordUniversity Press Oxford
16. J.D. Herbert, S.O. Lilienfeld, J.M. Lohr, R.W. Montgomery, W.T. O'Donohue, and G.M. Rosen Science and pseudoscience in the development of eye movement desensitization and reprocessing: implications for clinical psychology Clinical Psychology Review 20 2000 945 971
17. E.A. Holmes, E.L. James, T. Coode-Bate, and C. Deeprose Can playing the computer game "Tetris" reduce the build-up of flashbacks for trauma? A proposal from cognitive Science PLoS ONE 4 2009 e4153 10.1371/journal.pone. 0004153
18. J.S. Isaacs Numerical distraction therapy: initial assessment of a treatment for posttraumatic stress disorder Traumatology 10 2004 39 54
19. D.J. Kavanagh, S. Freese, J. Andrade, and J. May Effects of visuospatial tasks on desensitization to emotive memories British Journal of Clinical Psychology 40 2001 267 280
20. E. Kemps, and M. Tiggemann Reducing the vividness and emotional impact of distressing autobiographical memories: the importance of modality specific interference Memory 15 2007 412 422
21. S.M. Kosslyn Image and brain: The resolution of the imagery debate 1994 MIT Press Cambridge
22. C.W. Lee, and P. Cuijpers A meta-analysis of the contribution of eye movements in processing emotional memories 2010
23. C.W. Lee, and P.D. Drummond Effects of eye movement versus therapist instructions on the processing of distressing memories Journal of Anxiety Disorders 22 2008 801 808
24. S.A. Lilley, J. Andrade, G. Turpin, R. Sabin-Farrell, and E.A. Holmes Visuospatial working memory interference with recollections of trauma British Journal of Clinical Psychology 48 2009 309 321
25. L. Maxfield, W.T. Melnyk, and C.A.G. Hayman A working memory explanation for the effects of eye movements in EMDR Journal of EMDR Practice and Research 2 2008 247 261
26. P. Muris, and H. Merckelbach Traumatic memories, eye movements, phobia, and panic: a critical note on the proliferation of EMDR Journal of Anxiety Disorders 13 1999 209 223
27. B.O. Rothbaum, E.A. Meadows, P. Resick, and D. Foy Cognitive-behavioral therapy E.B. Foa, T.M. Keane, M.J. Friedman, Effective treatments for PTSD 2000 Guildford Press
28. F. Shapiro Eye movement desensitization and reprocessing: Basic principles, protocols, and procedures 2001 Guilford Press New York
29. E.E. Smith, and S.M. Kosslyn Cognitive Psychology: Mind and Brain 2006 Pearson/Prentice Hall New Jersey
30. Stichting KijkOnderzoek Persbericht Kijkcijfers: Common Currency April 2009 2009 SKO Amstelveen
31. M.A. Van den Hout, I.M. Engelhard, M.A.M. Smeets, H. Hornsveld, E. Hoogeveen, and E. de Heer Counting during recall: taxing of working memory and reduced vividness and emotionality of negative memories Applied Cognitive Psychology 24 2010 303 311
32. M. Van den Hout, P. Muris, E. Salemink, and M. Kindt Autobiographical memories become less vivid and emotional after eye movements British Journal of Clinical Psychology 40 2001 121 130