메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 104, Issue 5, 2010, Pages 2487-2499

Collision-sensitive neurons in the optic tectum of the bullfrog, Rana catesbeiana

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ANIMAL EXPERIMENT; ARTICLE; AVOIDANCE BEHAVIOR; BULLFROG; CONTROLLED STUDY; CORRELATION ANALYSIS; FEMALE; MALE; NERVE CELL; NONHUMAN; OPTIC TECTUM; PRIORITY JOURNAL; VELOCITY; VISUAL STIMULATION;

EID: 78049491280     PISSN: 00223077     EISSN: 15221598     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1152/jn.01055.2009     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (44)

References (75)
  • 1
    • 0015240750 scopus 로고
    • Infant responses to impending collision: Optical and real
    • Ball W, Tronick E. Infant responses to impending collision: optical and real. Science 171: 818-820, 1971.
    • (1971) Science , vol.171 , pp. 818-820
    • Ball, W.1    Tronick, E.2
  • 2
    • 84864890349 scopus 로고
    • Infant responses to approaching objects: An indicator of response to distal variables
    • Bower TGR, Broughton JM, Moore MK. Infant responses to approaching objects: an indicator of response to distal variables. Percept Psychophys 9: 193-196, 1970.
    • (1970) Percept Psychophys , vol.9 , pp. 193-196
    • Bower, T.G.R.1    Broughton, J.M.2    Moore, M.K.3
  • 3
    • 0015831258 scopus 로고
    • Connections between descending visual interneurons and metathoracic motoneurons in the locust
    • Burrows M, Rowell CHF. Connections between descending visual interneurons and metathoracic motoneurons in the locust. J Comp Physiol [A] 85: 221-234, 1973.
    • (1973) J Comp Physiol [A] , vol.85 , pp. 221-234
    • Burrows, M.1    Rowell, C.H.F.2
  • 4
    • 0025811892 scopus 로고
    • Sensitivity of MST neurons to optic flow stimuli. I. A continuum of response selectivity to large-field stimuli
    • Duffy CJ, Wurtz RH. Sensitivity of MST neurons to optic flow stimuli. I. A continuum of response selectivity to large-field stimuli. J Neurophysiol 65: 1329-1345, 1991a.
    • (1991) J Neurophysiol , vol.65 , pp. 1329-1345
    • Duffy, C.J.1    Wurtz, R.H.2
  • 5
    • 0025875273 scopus 로고
    • Sensitivity of MST neurons to optic flow stimuli. II. Mechanisms of response selectivity revealed by small-field stimuli
    • Duffy CJ, Wurtz RH. Sensitivity of MST neurons to optic flow stimuli. II. Mechanisms of response selectivity revealed by small-field stimuli. J Neurophysiol 65: 1346-1359, 1991b.
    • (1991) J Neurophysiol , vol.65 , pp. 1346-1359
    • Duffy, C.J.1    Wurtz, R.H.2
  • 6
    • 0001992356 scopus 로고
    • Single unit response of the toad's (Bufo americanus) caudal thalamus to visual objects
    • Ewert JP. Single unit response of the toad's (Bufo americanus) caudal thalamus to visual objects. Z Vgl Physiol 74: 81-102, 1971.
    • (1971) Z Vgl Physiol , vol.74 , pp. 81-102
    • Ewert, J.P.1
  • 7
    • 0024793877 scopus 로고
    • Neurophysiological investigation of the pretectal nucleus lentiformis mesencephali in Rana pipiens
    • Fite KV, Kwei-Levy C, Bengston L. Neurophysiological investigation of the pretectal nucleus lentiformis mesencephali in Rana pipiens. Brain Behav Evol 34: 164-170, 1989.
    • (1989) Brain Behav Evol , vol.34 , pp. 164-170
    • Fite, K.V.1    Kwei-Levy, C.2    Bengston, L.3
  • 8
    • 34548606044 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Relationship between the phases of sensory and motor activity during a looming-evoked multistage escape behavior
    • Fotowat H, Gabbiani F. Relationship between the phases of sensory and motor activity during a looming-evoked multistage escape behavior. J Neurosci 27: 10047-10059, 2007.
    • (2007) J Neurosci , vol.27 , pp. 10047-10059
    • Fotowat, H.1    Gabbiani, F.2
  • 9
    • 0025086611 scopus 로고
    • The processing of object and self-motion in the tectofugal and accessory optic pathways of birds
    • Frost BJ, Wylie DR, Wang YC. The processing of object and self-motion in the tectofugal and accessory optic pathways of birds. Vision Res 30: 1677-1688, 1990.
    • (1990) Vision Res , vol.30 , pp. 1677-1688
    • Frost, B.J.1    Wylie, D.R.2    Wang, Y.C.3
  • 10
    • 77956727024 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The biological bases of time-to-collision computation
    • edited by Hecht H, Savelsbergh GJP. Amsterdam: Elsevier
    • Frost BJ, Sun H. The biological bases of time-to-collision computation. In: Time-to-Contact, Advances in Psychology Series, edited by Hecht H, Savelsbergh GJP. Amsterdam: Elsevier, 2004, p. 13-37.
    • (2004) Time-to-Contact, Advances in Psychology Series , pp. 13-37
    • Frost, B.J.1    Sun, H.2
  • 11
    • 0033081377 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Computation of object approach by a wide-field, motion-sensitive neuron
    • Gabbiani F, Krapp HG, Laurent G. Computation of object approach by a wide-field, motion-sensitive neuron. J Neurosci 19: 1122-1141, 1999.
    • (1999) J Neurosci , vol.19 , pp. 1122-1141
    • Gabbiani, F.1    Krapp, H.G.2    Laurent, G.3
  • 12
    • 0035141533 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Invariance of angular threshold computation in a wide-field looming-sensitive neuron
    • Gabbiani F, Mo C, Laurent G. Invariance of angular threshold computation in a wide-field looming-sensitive neuron. J Neurosci 21: 314-329, 2001.
    • (2001) J Neurosci , vol.21 , pp. 314-329
    • Gabbiani, F.1    Mo, C.2    Laurent, G.3
  • 13
    • 0037153152 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Multiplicative computation in a visual neuron sensitive to looming
    • Gabbiani F, Krapp HG, Koch C, Laurent G. Multiplicative computation in a visual neuron sensitive to looming. Nature 420: 320-324, 2002.
    • (2002) Nature , vol.420 , pp. 320-324
    • Gabbiani, F.1    Krapp, H.G.2    Koch, C.3    Laurent, G.4
  • 15
    • 0000989419 scopus 로고
    • The representation of the retina on the optic lobe of the frog
    • Gaze RM. The representation of the retina on the optic lobe of the frog. Q J Exp Physiol 43: 209-214, 1958.
    • (1958) Q J Exp Physiol , vol.43 , pp. 209-214
    • Gaze, R.M.1
  • 16
    • 0035044901 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Activity of descending contralateral movement detector neurons and collision avoidance behaviour in response to head-on visual stimuli in locusts
    • Gray JR, Lee JK, Robertson RM. Activity of descending contralateral movement detector neurons and collision avoidance behaviour in response to head-on visual stimuli in locusts. J Comp Physiol [A] 187: 115-129, 2001.
    • (2001) J Comp Physiol [A] , vol.187 , pp. 115-129
    • Gray, J.R.1    Lee, J.K.2    Robertson, R.M.3
  • 17
    • 0002710213 scopus 로고
    • Neurophysiology of the anuran visual system
    • edited by Llinás R, Precht W. Berlin: Springer Verlag
    • Grüsser OJ, Grüsser-Cornehls U. Neurophysiology of the anuran visual system. In: Frog Neurobiology, edited by Llinás R, Precht W. Berlin: Springer Verlag, 1976, p. 297-385.
    • (1976) Frog Neurobiology , pp. 297-385
    • Grüsser, O.J.1    Grüsser-Cornehls, U.2
  • 18
    • 0000127657 scopus 로고
    • The response of single optic nerve fibers of the vertebrate eye to illumination of the retina
    • Hartline HK. The response of single optic nerve fibers of the vertebrate eye to illumination of the retina. Am J Phyiol 121: 400-415, 1938.
    • (1938) Am J Phyiol , vol.121 , pp. 400-415
    • Hartline, H.K.1
  • 19
    • 0028789095 scopus 로고
    • Elementary computation of object approach by a wide-field visual neuron
    • Hatsopoulos N, Gabbiani F, Laurent G. Elementary computation of object approach by a wide-field visual neuron. Science 270: 1000-1003, 1995.
    • (1995) Science , vol.270 , pp. 1000-1003
    • Hatsopoulos, N.1    Gabbiani, F.2    Laurent, G.3
  • 20
    • 0014038011 scopus 로고
    • Visual alarm reactions in turtles
    • Hayes WN, Saiff EI. Visual alarm reactions in turtles. Anim Behav 15: 102-106, 1967.
    • (1967) Anim Behav , vol.15 , pp. 102-106
    • Hayes, W.N.1    Saiff, E.I.2
  • 21
    • 0026232067 scopus 로고
    • A visually evoked escape response of the housefly
    • Holmqvist MH, Srinivasan MV. A visually evoked escape response of the housefly. J Comp Physiol [A] 169: 451-459, 1991.
    • (1991) J Comp Physiol [A] , vol.169 , pp. 451-459
    • Holmqvist, M.H.1    Srinivasan, M.V.2
  • 22
    • 0015787473 scopus 로고
    • Two visual systems in the frog
    • Ingle D. Two visual systems in the frog. Science 181: 1053-1055, 1973.
    • (1973) Science , vol.181 , pp. 1053-1055
    • Ingle, D.1
  • 23
    • 0017574247 scopus 로고
    • Detection of stationary objects by frogs following optic tectum ablation
    • Ingle D. Detection of stationary objects by frogs following optic tectum ablation. J Comp Physiol Psychol 91: 1359-1364, 1977.
    • (1977) J Comp Physiol Psychol , vol.91 , pp. 1359-1364
    • Ingle, D.1
  • 24
    • 0142157949 scopus 로고
    • Visually elicited evasive behavior in frogs
    • Ingle DJ, Hoff K vS. Visually elicited evasive behavior in frogs. Bioscience 40: 284-291, 1990.
    • (1990) Bioscience , vol.40 , pp. 284-291
    • Ingle, D.J.1    Hoff, K.V.2
  • 25
    • 23044503936 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Synchronized retinal oscillations encode essential information for escape behavior in frogs
    • Ishikane H, Gangi M, Honda S, Tachibana M. Synchronized retinal oscillations encode essential information for escape behavior in frogs. Nat Neurosci 8: 1087-1095, 2005.
    • (2005) Nat Neurosci , vol.8 , pp. 1087-1095
    • Ishikane, H.1    Gangi, M.2    Honda, S.3    Tachibana, M.4
  • 26
    • 1842415453 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The locust DCMD, a movement-detecting neuron tightly tuned to collision trajectories
    • Judge SJ, Rind FC. The locust DCMD, a movement-detecting neuron tightly tuned to collision trajectories. J Exp Biol 200: 2209-2216, 1997.
    • (1997) J Exp Biol , vol.200 , pp. 2209-2216
    • Judge, S.J.1    Rind, F.C.2
  • 27
    • 0033547021 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Selective, unilateral, reversible loss of behavioral responses to looming stimuli after injection of tetrodotoxin or cadmium chloride into the frog optic nerve
    • King JG, Lettvin JY, Gruberg ER. Selective, unilateral, reversible loss of behavioral responses to looming stimuli after injection of tetrodotoxin or cadmium chloride into the frog optic nerve. Brain Res 841: 20-26, 1999.
    • (1999) Brain Res , vol.841 , pp. 20-26
    • King, J.G.1    Lettvin, J.Y.2    Gruberg, E.R.3
  • 28
    • 0017201970 scopus 로고
    • A theory of visual control of braking based on information about time-to-collision
    • Lee DN. A theory of visual control of braking based on information about time-to-collision. Perception 5: 437-459, 1976.
    • (1976) Perception , vol.5 , pp. 437-459
    • Lee, D.N.1
  • 29
    • 0002055206 scopus 로고
    • Visual control of velocity of approach by pigeons when landing
    • Lee DN, Davies MNO, Green PR, Weel FRVD. Visual control of velocity of approach by pigeons when landing. J Exp Biol 180: 85-104, 1993.
    • (1993) J Exp Biol , vol.180 , pp. 85-104
    • Lee, D.N.1    Davies, M.N.O.2    Green, P.R.3    Weel, F.R.V.D.4
  • 30
    • 0019423373 scopus 로고
    • Plummeting gannets: A paradigm of ecological optics
    • Lee DN, Reddish PE. Plummeting gannets: a paradigm of ecological optics. Nature 293: 293-294, 1981.
    • (1981) Nature , vol.293 , pp. 293-294
    • Lee, D.N.1    Reddish, P.E.2
  • 31
    • 0003162052 scopus 로고
    • Visual timing of interceptive action
    • edited by Ingle DJ, Jeannerod M, Lee DN. Dordrecht: Martinus Nijhoff
    • Lee DN, Young DS. Visual timing of interceptive action. In: Brain Mechanisms and Spatial Vision, edited by Ingle DJ, Jeannerod M, Lee DN. Dordrecht: Martinus Nijhoff, 1985, p. 1-30.
    • (1985) Brain Mechanisms and Spatial Vision , pp. 1-30
    • Lee, D.N.1    Young, D.S.2
  • 33
    • 0030575885 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Single-unit responses to whole-field visual stimulation in the pretectum of Rana pipiens
    • Li Z, Fite KV, Montgomery NM, Wang SR. Single-unit responses to whole-field visual stimulation in the pretectum of Rana pipiens. Neurosci Lett 218: 193-197, 1996.
    • (1996) Neurosci Lett , vol.218 , pp. 193-197
    • Li, Z.1    Fite, K.V.2    Montgomery, N.M.3    Wang, S.R.4
  • 34
    • 0347088844 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Plasticity in the visual system is correlated with a change in lifestyle of solitarious and gregarious locusts
    • Matheson T, Rogers SM, Krapp HG. Plasticity in the visual system is correlated with a change in lifestyle of solitarious and gregarious locusts. J Neurophysiol 91: 1-12, 2004.
    • (2004) J Neurophysiol , vol.91 , pp. 1-12
    • Matheson, T.1    Rogers, S.M.2    Krapp, H.G.3
  • 35
    • 34147110802 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Escape behavior and neuronal responses to looming stimuli in the crab Chasmagnathus granulatus (Decapoda: Grapsidae)
    • Oliva D, Medan V, Tomsic D. Escape behavior and neuronal responses to looming stimuli in the crab Chasmagnathus granulatus (Decapoda: Grapsidae). J Exp Biol 210: 865-880, 2007.
    • (2007) J Exp Biol , vol.210 , pp. 865-880
    • Oliva, D.1    Medan, V.2    Tomsic, D.3
  • 36
    • 0016640391 scopus 로고
    • Protection from habituation by lateral inhibition
    • O'Shea M, Rowell CHF. Protection from habituation by lateral inhibition. Nature 254: 53-55, 1975.
    • (1975) Nature , vol.254 , pp. 53-55
    • O'Shea, M.1    Rowell, C.H.F.2
  • 37
    • 0015982993 scopus 로고
    • The anatomy of a locust visual interneuron: The descending contralateral movement detector
    • O'Shea M, Rowell CHF, Williams JLD. The anatomy of a locust visual interneuron: the descending contralateral movement detector. J Exp Biol 60: 1-12, 1974.
    • (1974) J Exp Biol , vol.60 , pp. 1-12
    • O'Shea, M.1    Rowell, C.H.F.2    Williams, J.L.D.3
  • 38
    • 0001230345 scopus 로고
    • An inhibitory process influencing visual responses in a fiber of the ventral nerve cord of locusts
    • Palka J. An inhibitory process influencing visual responses in a fiber of the ventral nerve cord of locusts. J Insect Physiol 13: 235-248, 1967.
    • (1967) J Insect Physiol , vol.13 , pp. 235-248
    • Palka, J.1
  • 39
    • 60749093864 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Spike frequency adaptation mediates looming stimulus selectivity in a collision-detecting neuron
    • Peron S, Gabbiani F. Spike frequency adaptation mediates looming stimulus selectivity in a collision-detecting neuron. Nat Neurosci 12: 318-326, 2009.
    • (2009) Nat Neurosci , vol.12 , pp. 318-326
    • Peron, S.1    Gabbiani, F.2
  • 40
    • 0014529654 scopus 로고
    • Structural characteristics of cell and fiber populations in the optic tectum of the frog (Rana catesbeiana)
    • Potter HD. Structural characteristics of cell and fiber populations in the optic tectum of the frog (Rana catesbeiana). J Comp Neurol 136: 203-232, 1969.
    • (1969) J Comp Neurol , vol.136 , pp. 203-232
    • Potter, H.D.1
  • 41
    • 0018357885 scopus 로고
    • Neurons in area 18 of cat visual cortex selectively sensitive to changing size: Nonlinear interactions between responses to two edges
    • Regan D, Cynader M. Neurons in area 18 of cat visual cortex selectively sensitive to changing size: nonlinear interactions between responses to two edges. Vision Res 19: 699-711, 1979.
    • (1979) Vision Res , vol.19 , pp. 699-711
    • Regan, D.1    Cynader, M.2
  • 42
    • 0027413937 scopus 로고
    • Dissociation of discrimination thresholds for time to contact and for rate of angular expansion
    • Regan D, Hamstra SJ. Dissociation of discrimination thresholds for time to contact and for rate of angular expansion. Vision Res 4: 447-462, 1993.
    • (1993) Vision Res , vol.4 , pp. 447-462
    • Regan, D.1    Hamstra, S.J.2
  • 43
    • 0014887594 scopus 로고
    • Some characteristics of wide-field units in the brain of the pigeon
    • Revzin AM. Some characteristics of wide-field units in the brain of the pigeon. Brain Behav Evol 3: 195-204, 1970.
    • (1970) Brain Behav Evol , vol.3 , pp. 195-204
    • Revzin, A.M.1
  • 44
    • 0026472063 scopus 로고
    • Orthopteran DCMD neuron: A reevaluation of responses to moving objects. I. Selective responses to approaching objects
    • Rind FC, Simmons PJ. Orthopteran DCMD neuron: a reevaluation of responses to moving objects. I. Selective responses to approaching objects. J Neurophysiol 68: 1654-1666, 1992.
    • (1992) J Neurophysiol , vol.68 , pp. 1654-1666
    • Rind, F.C.1    Simmons, P.J.2
  • 45
    • 0031020808 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Signaling of object approach by the DCMD neuron of the locust
    • Rind FC, Simmons PJ. Signaling of object approach by the DCMD neuron of the locust. J Neurophysiol 77: 1029-1033, 1997.
    • (1997) J Neurophysiol , vol.77 , pp. 1029-1033
    • Rind, F.C.1    Simmons, P.J.2
  • 46
    • 0033135462 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Seeing what is coming: Building collision-sensitive neurons
    • Rind FC, Simmons PJ. Seeing what is coming: building collision-sensitive neurons. Trends Neurosci 22: 215-220, 1999.
    • (1999) Trends Neurosci , vol.22 , pp. 215-220
    • Rind, F.C.1    Simmons, P.J.2
  • 47
    • 0027538270 scopus 로고
    • Retinal image size triggers obstacle avoidance in flying locusts
    • Robertson RM, Johnson AG. Retinal image size triggers obstacle avoidance in flying locusts. Naturwissenschaften 80: 176-178, 1993a.
    • (1993) Naturwissenschaften , vol.80 , pp. 176-178
    • Robertson, R.M.1    Johnson, A.G.2
  • 48
    • 0002305783 scopus 로고
    • Collision avoidance of flying locusts: Steering torques and behavior
    • Robertson RM, Johnson AG. Collision avoidance of flying locusts: steering torques and behavior. J Exp Biol 183: 35-60, 1993b.
    • (1993) J Exp Biol , vol.183 , pp. 35-60
    • Robertson, R.M.1    Johnson, A.G.2
  • 49
    • 0000398458 scopus 로고
    • The orthopteran descending movement detector (DMD) neurons: A characterization and review
    • Rowell CHF. The orthopteran descending movement detector (DMD) neurons: a characterization and review. Z Vgl Physiol 73: 167-194, 1971a.
    • (1971) Z Vgl Physiol , vol.73 , pp. 167-194
    • Rowell, C.H.F.1
  • 50
    • 0344747477 scopus 로고
    • Variable responsiveness of a visual interneurone in the free-moving locust and its relation to behavior and arousal
    • Rowell CHF. Variable responsiveness of a visual interneurone in the free-moving locust and its relation to behavior and arousal. J Exp Biol 55: 727-748, 1971b.
    • (1971) J Exp Biol , vol.55 , pp. 727-748
    • Rowell, C.H.F.1
  • 51
    • 0017498899 scopus 로고
    • The neuronal basis of a sensory analyzer, the acridic movement detector system
    • Rowell CHF, O'Shea M, Williams JLD. The neuronal basis of a sensory analyzer, the acridic movement detector system. J Exp Biol 68: 157-185, 1977.
    • (1977) J Exp Biol , vol.68 , pp. 157-185
    • Rowell, C.H.F.1    O'Shea, M.2    Williams, J.L.D.3
  • 52
    • 0022559611 scopus 로고
    • Integration of direction signals of image motion in the superior temporal sulcus of the macaque monkey
    • Saito H, Yukie M, Tanaka K, Hikosaka K, Fukada Y, Iwai E. Integration of direction signals of image motion in the superior temporal sulcus of the macaque monkey. J Neurosci 6: 145-157, 1986.
    • (1986) J Neurosci , vol.6 , pp. 145-157
    • Saito, H.1    Yukie, M.2    Tanaka, K.3    Hikosaka, K.4    Fukada, Y.5    Iwai, E.6
  • 53
    • 13844298289 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Gliding behaviour elicited by lateral looming stimuli in flying locusts
    • Santer RD, Simmons PJ, Rind FC. Gliding behaviour elicited by lateral looming stimuli in flying locusts. J Comp Physiol [A] 191: 61-73, 2005.
    • (2005) J Comp Physiol [A] , vol.191 , pp. 61-73
    • Santer, R.D.1    Simmons, P.J.2    Rind, F.C.3
  • 54
    • 0040788197 scopus 로고
    • Perception of impending collision: A study of visually directed avoidant behavior
    • Schiff W. Perception of impending collision: a study of visually directed avoidant behavior. Psychol Monogr 79: 1-26, 1965.
    • (1965) Psychol Monogr , vol.79 , pp. 1-26
    • Schiff, W.1
  • 55
    • 0001195772 scopus 로고
    • Persistent fear responses in rhesus monkeys to the optical stimulus of "looming."
    • Schiff W, Caviness JA, Gibson JJ. Persistent fear responses in rhesus monkeys to the optical stimulus of "looming." Science 136: 982-983, 1962.
    • (1962) Science , vol.136 , pp. 982-983
    • Schiff, W.1    Caviness, J.A.2    Gibson, J.J.3
  • 56
    • 0000026538 scopus 로고
    • Response of the locust descending movement detector neuron to rapidly approaching and withdrawing visual stimuli
    • Schlotterer GR. Response of the locust descending movement detector neuron to rapidly approaching and withdrawing visual stimuli. Can J Zool 55: 1372-1376, 1977.
    • (1977) Can J Zool , vol.55 , pp. 1372-1376
    • Schlotterer, G.R.1
  • 57
    • 0002785027 scopus 로고
    • Connexions between a movement-detecting visual interneurone and flight motoneurons of a locust
    • Simmons PJ. Connexions between a movement-detecting visual interneurone and flight motoneurons of a locust. J Exp Biol 86: 87-97, 1980.
    • (1980) J Exp Biol , vol.86 , pp. 87-97
    • Simmons, P.J.1
  • 58
    • 0026468896 scopus 로고
    • Orthopteran DCMD neuron: A reevaluation of responses to moving objects. II. Critical cues for detecting approaching objects
    • Simmons PJ, Rind FC. Orthopteran DCMD neuron: a reevaluation of responses to moving objects. II. Critical cues for detecting approaching objects. J Neurophysiol 68: 1667-1682, 1992.
    • (1992) J Neurophysiol , vol.68 , pp. 1667-1682
    • Simmons, P.J.1    Rind, F.C.2
  • 59
    • 33644664842 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Computation of different optical variables of looming objects in pigeon nucleus rotundus neurons
    • Sun H, Frost BJ. Computation of different optical variables of looming objects in pigeon nucleus rotundus neurons. Nat Neurosci 1: 296-303, 1998.
    • (1998) Nat Neurosci , vol.1 , pp. 296-303
    • Sun, H.1    Frost, B.J.2
  • 60
    • 0002302570 scopus 로고
    • Cellular and synaptic architecture of the optic tectum
    • edited by Llinás R, Precht W. Berlin: Springer Verlag
    • Székely G, Lázár G. Cellular and synaptic architecture of the optic tectum. In: Frog Neurobiology, edited by Llinás R, Precht W. Berlin: Springer Verlag, 1976, p. 407-434
    • (1976) Frog Neurobiology , pp. 407-434
    • Székely, G.1    Lázár, G.2
  • 61
    • 0024359167 scopus 로고
    • Underlying mechanisms of the response specificity of expansion/ contraction and rotation cells in the dorsal part of the medial superior temporal area of the Macaque monkey
    • Tanaka K, Fukada Y, Saito H. Underlying mechanisms of the response specificity of expansion/contraction and rotation cells in the dorsal part of the medial superior temporal area of the macaque monkey. J Neurophysiol 62: 642-656, 1989. (Pubitemid 19236119)
    • (1989) Journal of Neurophysiology , vol.62 , Issue.3 , pp. 642-656
    • Tanaka, K.1    Fukada, Y.2    Saito, H.-A.3
  • 62
    • 27744485811 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Neural network model for extracting optic flow
    • DOI 10.1016/j.neunet.2005.06.039, PII S0893608005001140
    • Tohyama K, Fukushima K. Neural network model for extracting optic flow. Neural Netw 18: 549-556, 2005. (Pubitemid 43186574)
    • (2005) Neural Networks , vol.18 , Issue.5-6 , pp. 549-556
    • Tohyama, K.1    Fukushima, K.2
  • 63
    • 0019992123 scopus 로고
    • Flow-field variables trigger landing in flies
    • Wagner H. Flow-field variables trigger landing in flies. Nature 297: 147-148, 1982.
    • (1982) Nature , vol.297 , pp. 147-148
    • Wagner, H.1
  • 64
    • 0029187447 scopus 로고
    • Studies on the optic chiasm of the leopard frog. I. Selective loss of visually elicited avoidance behavior after optic chiasm hemisection
    • Waldeck RF, Gruberg ER. Studies on the optic chiasm of the leopard frog. I. Selective loss of visually elicited avoidance behavior after optic chiasm hemisection. Brain Behav Evol 46: 84-94, 1995.
    • (1995) Brain Behav Evol , vol.46 , pp. 84-94
    • Waldeck, R.F.1    Gruberg, E.R.2
  • 65
    • 0026545642 scopus 로고
    • Time to collision is signaled by neurons in the nucleus rotundus of pigeons
    • Wang Y, Frost BJ. Time to collision is signaled by neurons in the nucleus rotundus of pigeons. Nature 356: 236-238, 1992.
    • (1992) Nature , vol.356 , pp. 236-238
    • Wang, Y.1    Frost, B.J.2
  • 66
    • 0027357495 scopus 로고
    • Visual processing in pigeon nucleus rotundus: Luminance, color, motion, and looming subdivisions
    • Wang Y, Jiang S, Frost BJ. Visual processing in pigeon nucleus rotundus: luminance, color, motion, and looming subdivisions. Vis Neurosci 10: 21-30, 1993.
    • (1993) Vis Neurosci , vol.10 , pp. 21-30
    • Wang, Y.1    Jiang, S.2    Frost, B.J.3
  • 67
    • 0034699006 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Organization and significance of neurons that detect change of visual depth in the hawk moth Manduca sexta
    • Wicklein M, Strausfeld NJ. Organization and significance of neurons that detect change of visual depth in the hawk moth Manduca sexta. J Comp Neurol 424: 356-376, 2000.
    • (2000) J Comp Neurol , vol.424 , pp. 356-376
    • Wicklein, M.1    Strausfeld, N.J.2
  • 68
    • 18744396067 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Superimposed maps of the monocular visual fields in the caudolateral optic tectum in the frog, Rana pipiens
    • Winkowski DE, Gruberg ER. Superimposed maps of the monocular visual fields in the caudolateral optic tectum in the frog, Rana pipiens. Vis Neurosci 22: 101-109, 2005.
    • (2005) Vis Neurosci , vol.22 , pp. 101-109
    • Winkowski, D.E.1    Gruberg, E.R.2
  • 69
    • 27844470193 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Tectal neurons signal impending collision of looming objects in the pigeon
    • Wu LQ, Niu YQ, Yang J, Wang SR. Tectal neurons signal impending collision of looming objects in the pigeon. Eur J Neurosci 22: 2325-2331, 2005.
    • (2005) Eur J Neurosci , vol.22 , pp. 2325-2331
    • Wu, L.Q.1    Niu, Y.Q.2    Yang, J.3    Wang, S.R.4
  • 70
    • 0037025080 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The importance of seeing it coming: A functional magnetic resonance imaging study of motion-in-depth towards the human observer
    • Wunderlich G, Marshall JC, Amunts K, Weiss PH, Mohlberg H, Zafiris O, Zilles K, Fink GR. The importance of seeing it coming: a functional magnetic resonance imaging study of motion-in-depth towards the human observer. Neuroscience 112: 535-540, 2002.
    • (2002) Neuroscience , vol.112 , pp. 535-540
    • Wunderlich, G.1    Marshall, J.C.2    Amunts, K.3    Weiss, P.H.4    Mohlberg, H.5    Zafiris, O.6    Zilles, K.7    Fink, G.R.8
  • 71
    • 0033028319 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Responses of neurons in the nucleus of the basal optic root to translational and rotational flowfields
    • Wylie DRW, Frost BJ. Responses of neurons in the nucleus of the basal optic root to translational and rotational flowfields. J Neurophysiol 81: 267-276, 1999.
    • (1999) J Neurophysiol , vol.81 , pp. 267-276
    • Wylie, D.R.W.1    Frost, B.J.2
  • 72
    • 73949159562 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Looming responses of telencephalic neurons in the pigeon are modulated by optic flow
    • Xiao Q, Frost BJ. Looming responses of telencephalic neurons in the pigeon are modulated by optic flow. Brain Res 1305: 40-46, 2009.
    • (2009) Brain Res , vol.1305 , pp. 40-46
    • Xiao, Q.1    Frost, B.J.2
  • 73
    • 29244472019 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Looming-sensitive responses and receptive field organization of telencephalic neurons in the pigeon
    • Xiao Q, Li DP, Wang SR. Looming-sensitive responses and receptive field organization of telencephalic neurons in the pigeon. Brain Res Bull 68: 322-328, 2006.
    • (2006) Brain Res Bull , vol.68 , pp. 322-328
    • Xiao, Q.1    Li, D.P.2    Wang, S.R.3
  • 74
    • 0142156565 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Input and output characteristics of collision avoidance behavior in the frog Rana catesbeiana
    • Yamamoto K, Nakata M, Nakagawa H. Input and output characteristics of collision avoidance behavior in the frog Rana catesbeiana. Brain Behav Evol 62: 201-211, 2003.
    • (2003) Brain Behav Evol , vol.62 , pp. 201-211
    • Yamamoto, K.1    Nakata, M.2    Nakagawa, H.3
  • 75
    • 0016172478 scopus 로고
    • Cells responding to changing image size and disparity in the cortex of the rhesus monkey
    • Zeki SM. Cells responding to changing image size and disparity in the cortex of the rhesus monkey. J Physiol 242: 827-841, 1974.
    • (1974) J Physiol , vol.242 , pp. 827-841
    • Zeki, S.M.1


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.