Authenticity control and identification of origin of synthetic creatine-monohydrate by isotope ratio mass spectrometry

Food Chemistry

Volumn 125, Issue 2, 2011, Pages 767-772

  Hülsemann, Frank ^a   Flenker, Ulrich ^a   Parr, Maria ^a   Geyer, Hans ^a   Schänzer, Wilhelm ^a  

^a GERMAN SPORT UNIVERSITY COLOGNE   (Germany)

Author keywords

Authenticity; Carbon isotopes; Creatine monohydrate; IRMS; Nitrogen isotopes; Origin

Indexed keywords

AUTHENTICITY; CARBON ISOTOPES; CREATINE-MONOHYDRATE; IRMS; NITROGEN ISOTOPES; ORIGIN;

IDENTIFICATION (CONTROL SYSTEMS); MASS SPECTROMETRY; NITROGEN; PATTERN RECOGNITION; SPECTROMETERS;

ISOTOPES;

ANDROGEN; CARBON; CREATINE; NITROGEN;

ARTICLE; CHINA; DIET SUPPLEMENTATION; DRUG CONTAMINATION; GERMANY; ISOTOPE RATIO MASS SPECTROMETRY; MASS SPECTROMETRY; SYNTHESIS;

EID: 78049426730     PISSN: 03088146     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2010.09.018     Document Type: Article

References (33)

1. An L., Zheng Y., Zhang G. Process for producing creatine or creatine-monohydrate 2001, US 6, 326, 513 B1, United States Patent, No.
2. Asche S., Michaud A.L., Brenna J.T. Sourcing organic compounds based on natural isotopic variations by high precision isotope ratio mass spectrometry. Current Organic Chemistry 2003, 7:1527-1543.
3. Balsom P.D., Söderlund K., Ekblom B. Creatine in humans with special reference to creatine supplementation. Sports Medicine 1994, 18(4):268-280.
4. Benson S., Lennard C., Maynard P., Roux C. Forensic applications of isotope ratio mass spectrometry - a review. Forensic Science International 2006, 157(1):1-22.
5. Benzi G., Ceci A. Creatine as nutritional supplementation and medicinal product. The Journal of Sports Medicine and Physical Fitness 2001, 41:1-10.
6. 13C as a tool for comparison and origin assignment of seized heroin samples. Journal of Forensic Sciences 1997, 42(33):429-433.
7. Bird S.P. Creatine supplementation and exercise performance: A brief review. Journal of Sports Science and Medicine 2003, 2:123-132.
8. Buchanan H.A.S., Nic Daeid N., Meier-Augenstein W., Kemp H.F., Kerr W.J., Middleditch M. Emerging use of isotope ratio mass spectrometry as a tool for discrimination of 3, 4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine by synthetic route. Analytical Chemistry 2008, 80:3350-3356.
9. Collins M., Cawley A.T., Heagney A.C., Kissane L., Robertson J., Salouros H. Delta C-13, delta N-15 and delta H-2 isotope ratio mass spectrometry of ephedrine and pseudoephedrine: Application to methylamphetamine profiling. Rapid Communications in Mass Spectrometry 2009, 23:2003-2010.
10. Deconinck E., van Nederkassel A.M., Stanimirova I., Daszykowski M., Bensaid F., Lees M., et al. Isotopic ratios to detect infringements of patents or proprietary processes of pharmaceuticals: Two case studies. Journal of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Analysis 2008, 48:27-48.
11. De Hon O., Coumans B. The continuing story of nutritional supplements and doping infractions. British Journal of Sports Medicine 2007, 41:800-805.
12. 12C isotope ratio MS analysis of testosterone, in chemicals and pharmaceutical preparations. Journal of Pharamaceutical and Biomedical Analysis 2001, 24:645-650.
13. Foerstel H. The natural fingerprint of stable isotopes - use of IRMS to test food authenticity. Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry 2007, 388:541-544.
14. 15N analysis for tracing the origin of illicit drugs. Rapid Communications in Mass Spectrometry 2005, 19:1213-1216.
15. Geyer H., Parr M.K., Mareck U., Reinhart U., Schrader Y., Schaenzer W. Analysis of non-hormonal nutritional supplements for anabolic-androgenic steroids - results of an international study. International Journal of Sports Medicine 2004, 25:124-129.
16. Geyer H., Parr M.K., Koehler K., Mareck U., Schaenzer W., Thevis M. Nutritional supplements cross-contaminated and faked with doping substances. Journal of Mass Spectrometry 2008, 43:892-902.
17. Harris R.C. Effects and safety of dietary and supplementary creatine. Creatine: Fom basic science to clinical application 2000, 33-39. Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht. R. Paoletti (Ed.).
18. Iodine F.A., Carter J.F., Sleeman R. Bulk and compound-specific isotopic characterisation of illicit heroin and cling film. Rapid Communications in Mass Spectrometry 2005, 19:3207-3215.
19. Jasper J.P., Westenberger B.J., Spencer J.A., Buhse L.F., Nasr M. Stable isotopic characterization of active pharmaceutical ingredients. Journal of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Analysis 2004, 35:21-30.
20. Jasper J.P., Weaner L.E., Duffy B.J. A preliminary multi-stable-isotopic evaluation of three synthetic pathways of Topiramate. Journal of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Analysis 2005, 39(1-2):66-75.
21. Juhn M.S., Tarnopolsky M. Oral creatine supplementation and athletic performance: critical review. Clinical Journal of Sport Medicine 1998, 8:286-297.
22. Kelly S., Heaton K., Hoogewerff J. Tracing the geographical origin of food: The application of multi-element and multi-isotope analysis. Trends in Food Science and Technology 2005, 16(12):555-567.
23. Kreider R.B. Effects of creatine supplementation on performance and training adaptations. Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry 2003, 244:89-94.
24. Kurashima N., Makino Y., Sekita S., Urano Y., Nagano T. Determination of origin of ephedrine used as precursor for illicit methamphetamine by carbon and nitrogen stable isotope ratio analysis. Analytical Chemistry 2004, 76:4233-4236.
25. Lock C.M., Meier-Augenstein W. Investigation of isotopic linkage between precursor and product in the synthesis of a high explosive. Forensic Science International 2008, 179:157-162.
26. Meier-Augenstein W. Applied gas chromatography coupled to isotope ratio mass spectrometry. Journal of Chromatography A 1999, 842:351-371.
27. Palhol F., Lamoureux C., Naulet N. 15N isotopic analyses: A powerful tool to establish links between seized 3, 4-methylenedioxymethaphetamine (MDMA) tablets. Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry 2003, 376:486-490.
28. Persky A.M., Brazeau G.A. Clinical pharmacology of the dietary supplement creatine monohydrate. Pharmacological Reviews 2001, 53:161-176.
29. Smith-Palmer T. Separation methods applicable to urinary creatine and creatinine. Journal of Chromatography B 2002, 781:93-106.
30. Taylor E., Carter J.F., Hill J.C., Morton C., Nic Daeid N., Sleeman R. Stable isotope ratio mass spectrometry and physical comparison for the forensic examination of grip-seal plastic bags. Forensic Science International 2008, 177:214-220.
31. Terjung R.L., Clarkson P., Eichner E.R., Greenhaff P.L., Hespel P.J., Israel R.G., et al. The physiological and health effects of oral creatine supplementation. Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise 2000, 32(3):706-717.
32. Weiss S., Krommer H. Process for the preparation of a creatine or creatine-monohydrate 1998, US 5, 719, 319 B1, United States Patent, No.
33. Wokovich A.M., Spencer J.A., Westenberger B.J., Buhse L.F., Jasper J.P. Stable isotopic composition of the active pharmaceutical ingredient (API) naproxen. Journal of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Analysis 2005, 38:781-784.