Risk factors for immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome under combination antiretroviral therapy can be aetiology-specific

International Journal of STD and AIDS

Volumn 21, Issue 8, 2010, Pages 573-579

  Espinosa, E ^a   Ormsby, C E ^a   Vega Barrientos, R S ^a   Ruiz Cruz, M ^a   Moreno Coutino G ^a   Pena Jimenez A ^a   Peralta Prado, A B ^a   Cantoral Diaz M ^a   Romero Rodriguez D P ^a   Reyes Teran G ^a  

^a INSTITUTO NACIONAL DE ENFERMEDADES RESPIRATORIAS   (Mexico)

Author keywords

AIDS; Antiretroviral therapy; HIV; Immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome; Risk factors

Indexed keywords

ALKALINE PHOSPHATASE; EFAVIRENZ; PROTEINASE INHIBITOR; RNA DIRECTED DNA POLYMERASE INHIBITOR;

ADULT; AGED; ALKALINE PHOSPHATASE BLOOD LEVEL; ARTICLE; CD4 CD8 RATIO; CD8+ T LYMPHOCYTE; CLINICAL ASSESSMENT; CONTROLLED STUDY; CYTOMEGALOVIRUS; DATA ANALYSIS; DISEASE COURSE; FEMALE; FOLLICULITIS; FOLLOW UP; HERPES SIMPLEX; HERPES VIRUS; HERPES ZOSTER; HIGHLY ACTIVE ANTIRETROVIRAL THERAPY; HUMAN; HUMAN IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUS INFECTED PATIENT; HUMAN IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUS INFECTION; IMMUNE RECONSTITUTION INFLAMMATORY SYNDROME; INFLAMMATION; KAPOSI SARCOMA; LYMPHOCYTE COUNT; MAJOR CLINICAL STUDY; MALE; MOLLUSCUM CONTAGIOSUM; MYCOBACTERIUM; MYCOBACTERIUM AVIUM; MYCOBACTERIUM TUBERCULOSIS; NUTRITIONAL STATUS; PREDICTOR VARIABLE; PRIORITY JOURNAL; PROSPECTIVE STUDY; RISK FACTOR; THROMBOCYTE COUNT;

ADULT; ANTI-RETROVIRAL AGENTS; ANTIRETROVIRAL THERAPY, HIGHLY ACTIVE; CD4-CD8 RATIO; FEMALE; HERPESVIRIDAE; HERPESVIRIDAE INFECTIONS; HIV INFECTIONS; HUMANS; IMMUNE RECONSTITUTION INFLAMMATORY SYNDROME; MALE; MYCOBACTERIUM; PLATELET COUNT; RISK FACTORS; TUBERCULOSIS;

EID: 78049426553     PISSN: 09564624     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1258/ijsa.2010.010135     Document Type: Article

References (50)

1. Murdoch DM, Venter WD, Feldman C, Van RA. Incidence and risk factors for the immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome in HIV patients in South Africa: a prospective study. AIDS 2008;22:601-10
2. Lawn SD, Bekker LG, Miller RF. Immune reconstitution disease associated with mycobacterial infections in HIV-infected individuals receiving antiretrovirals. Lancet Infect Dis 2005;5:361-73
3. French MA, Lenzo N, John M, et al. Immune restoration disease after the treatment of immunodeficient HIV-infected patients with highly active antiretroviral therapy. HIV Med 2000;1:107-15
4. Breton G, Duval X, Estellat C, et al. Determinants of immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome in HIV type 1-infected patients with tuberculosis after initiation of antiretroviral therapy. Clin Infect Dis 2004;39:1709-12
5. Breen RA, Smith CJ, Cropley I, Johnson MA, Lipman MC. Does immune reconstitution syndrome promote active tuberculosis in patients receiving highly active antiretroviral therapy? AIDS 2005;19:1201-6
6. Shelburne SA, Visnegarwala F, Darcourt J, et al. Incidence and risk factors for immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome during highly active antiretroviral therapy. AIDS 2005;19:399-406
7. Singh N, Lortholary O, Alexander BD, et al. An immune reconstitution syndrome-like illness associated with Cryptococcus neoformans infection in organ transplant recipients. Clin Infect Dis 2005;40:1756-61
8. Puthanakit T, Oberdorfer P, Ukarapol N, et al. Immune reconstitution syndrome from nontuberculous mycobacterial infection after initiation of antiretroviral therapy in children with HIV infection. Pediatr Infect Dis J 2006;25:645-8
9. Ratnam I, Chiu C, Kandala NB, Easterbrook PJ. Incidence and risk factors for immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome in an ethnically diverse HIV type 1-infected cohort. Clin Infect Dis 2006;42:418-27
10. Robertson J, Meier M, Wall J, Ying J, Fichtenbaum CJ. Immune reconstitution syndrome in HIV: validating a case definition and identifying clinical predictors in persons initiating antiretroviral therapy. Clin Infect Dis 2006;42:1639-46
11. Manosuthi W, Kiertiburanakul S, Phoorisri T, Sungkanuparph S. Immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome of tuberculosis among HIV-infected patients receiving antituberculous and antiretroviral therapy. J Infect 2006;53:357-63
12. Lawn SD, French MA. Immune reconstitution disease: recent developments and implications for antiretroviral treatment in resource-limited settings. Curr Opin HIV AIDS 2007;2:339-45
13. Lawn SD, Myer L, Bekker LG, Wood R. Tuberculosis-associated immune reconstitution disease: incidence, risk factors and impact in an antiretroviral treatment service in South Africa. AIDS 2007;21:335-41
14. Manabe YC, Campbell JD, Sydnor E, Moore RD. Immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome: risk factors and treatment implications. J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr 2007;46:456-62
15. Meintjes G, Lawn SD, Scano F, et al. Tuberculosis-associated immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome: case definitions for use in resource-limited settings. Lancet Infect Dis 2008;8:516-23
16. Meintjes G, Rangaka MX, Maartens G, et al. Novel relationship between tuberculosis immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome and antitubercular drug resistance. Clin Infect Dis 2009;48:667-76
17. Puthanakit T, Oberdorfer P, Akarathum N, Wannarit P, Sirisanthana T, Sirisanthana V. Immune reconstitution syndrome after highly active antiretroviral therapy in human immunodeficiency virus-infected Thai children. Pediatr Infect Dis J 2006;25:53-8
18. Ortega-Larrocea G, Espinosa E, Reyes-Teran G. Lower incidence and severity of cytomegalovirus-associated immune recovery uveitis in HIV-infected patients with delayed highly active antiretroviral therapy. AIDS 2005;19:735-8
19. Manolio TA, Bailey-Wilson JE, Collins FS. Genes, environment and the value of prospective cohort studies. Nat Rev Genet 2006;7:812-20
20. Panel on Clinical Practices for Treatment of HIV Infection convened by the Department of Health and Human Services (DHHS). Guidelines for the Use of Antiretroviral Agents in HIV-1-Infected Adults and Adolescents, 2009. See: http://AIDSinfo.nih.gov (last accessed 14 October 2010)
21. Yeni PG, Hammer SM, Hirsch MS, et al. Treatment for adult HIV infection: 2004 recommendations of the International AIDS Society-USA Panel. JAMA 2004;292:251-65
22. Hammer SM, Eron JJ Jr Reiss P, et al. Antiretroviral treatment of adult HIV infection: 2008 recommendations of the International AIDS Society-USA panel. JAMA 2008;300:555-70
23. Shelburne SA, Montes M, Hamill RJ. Immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome: more answers, more questions. J Antimicrob Chemother 2006;57:167-70
24. The R Development Core Team. A language and environment for statistical computing. Vienna: R Foundation for Statistical Computing, 2008
25. Soler CC. Universal access, six years results in the Mexico City HIV/AIDS Program. Salud Publica Mex 2009;51:26-33
26. Muller M, Wandel S, Colebunders R, Attia S, Furrer H, Egger M. Immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome in patients starting antiretroviral therapy for HIV infection: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Lancet Infect Dis 2010;10:251-61
27. Lortholary O, Dromer F, Mathoulin P, et al. Immune mediators in cerebrospinal fluid during cryptococcosis are influenced by meningeal involvement and human immunodeficiency virus serostatus. J Infect Dis 2001;183:294-302
28. Jenny-Avital ER, Abadi M. Immune reconstitution cryptococcosis after initiation of successful highly active antiretroviral therapy. Clin Infect Dis 2002;35:e128-33
29. Kumarasamy N, Chaguturu S, Mayer KH, et al. Incidence of immune reconstitution syndrome in HIV/tuberculosis-coinfected patients after initiation of generic antiretroviral therapy in India. J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr 2004;37:1574-6
30. Phillips P, Bonner S, Gataric N, et al. Nontuberculous mycobacterial immune reconstitution syndrome in HIV-infected patients: spectrum of disease and long-term follow-up. Clin Infect Dis 2005;41:1483-97
31. Phillips P. How infrequent are opportunistic diseases and immune reconstitution syndromes among HIV-infected individuals who have favorable CD4+ cell count responses to antiretroviral therapy? Clin Infect Dis 2005;40:1379-80
32. Couppie P, Sarazin F, Clyti E, et al. Increased incidence of genital herpes after HAART initiation: a frequent presentation of immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome (IRIS) in HIV-infected patients. AIDS Patient Care STDS 2006;20:143-5
33. Sungkanuparph S, Vibhagool A, Mootsikapun P, Chetchotisakd P, Tansuphaswaswadikul S, Bowonwatanuwong C. Opportunistic infections after the initiation of highly active antiretroviral therapy in advanced AIDS patients in an area with a high prevalence of tuberculosis. AIDS 2003;17:2129-31
34. Kalsch T, Elmas E, Nguyen XD, et al. Endotoxin-induced effects on platelets and monocytes in an in vivo model of inflammation. Basic Res Cardiol 2007;102:460-6 (Pubitemid 47278819)
35. Steinhubl SR. Platelets as mediators of inflammation. Hematol Oncol Clin North Am 2007;21:115-21
36. Pitchford SC. Defining a role for platelets in allergic inflammation. Biochem Soc Trans 2007;35(Pt 5):1104-8
37. Tweardy DJ, Khoshnevis MR, Yu B, Mastrangelo MA, Hardison EG, Lopez JA. Essential role for platelets in organ injury and inflammation in resuscitated hemorrhagic shock. Shock 2006;26:386-90
38. McNicol A, Israels SJ. Beyond hemostasis: the role of platelets in inflammation, malignancy and infection. Cardiovasc Hematol Disord Drug Targets 2008;8:99-117
39. Katoh N. Platelets as versatile regulators of cutaneous inflammation. J Dermatol Sci 2009;53:89-95
40. Bozza FA, Shah AM, Weyrich AS, Zimmerman GA. Amicus or adversary: platelets in lung biology, acute injury, and inflammation. Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol 2009;40:123-34
41. Tjwa M, Bellido-Martin L, Lin Y, et al. Gas6 promotes inflammation by enhancing interactions between endothelial cells, platelets, and leukocytes. Blood 2008;111:4096-105
42. Beck JS, Morley SM, Lowe JG, et al. Diversity in migration of CD4 and CD8 lymphocytes in different microanatomical compartments of the skin in the tuberculin reaction in man. Br J Exp Pathol 1988;69:771-80
43. San Jose ME, Valdes L, Saavedra MJ, et al. Lymphocyte populations in tuberculous pleural effusions. Ann Clin Biochem 1999;36(Pt 4):492-500
44. Aguiar LM, Antonangelo L, Vargas FS, et al. Malignant and tuberculous pleural effusions: immunophenotypic cellular characterization. Clinics 2008;63:637-44
45. Khalil RY, Khalil MM. Flow cytometric study of T-cell subsets in lymphocytic pleural effusions. Cytometry 1997;30:204-5
46. Murthy VV. Lymphocytes produce specific alkaline phosphatase after in vitro stimulation or after in vivo infection with HIV-1. J Clin Lab Anal 1996;10:465-7
47. Izumi M, Ishikawa J, Takeshita A, Maekawa M. Increased serum alkaline phosphatase activity originating from neutrophilic leukocytes. Clin Chem 2005;51:1751-2
48. Aleman M, Garcia A, Saab MA, et al. Mycobacterium tuberculosis-induced activation accelerates apoptosis in peripheral blood neutrophils from patients with active tuberculosis. Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol 2002;27:583-92 (Pubitemid 35301813)
49. Martineau AR, Newton SM, Wilkinson KA, et al. Neutrophil-mediated innate immune resistance to mycobacteria. J Clin Invest 2007;117:1988-94
50. Price P, Murdoch DM, Agarwal U, Lewin SR, Elliott JH, French MA. Immune restoration diseases reflect diverse immunopathological mechanisms. Clin Microbiol Rev 2009;22:651-63