Medical imaging of mummies and bog bodies - A mini-review

Gerontology

Volumn 56, Issue 5, 2010, Pages 441-448

  Lynnerup, Niels ^a,b  

^a UNIVERSITY OF COPENHAGEN   (Denmark)

^b UNIVERSITY OF COPENHAGEN   (Denmark)

Author keywords

Bog body; CT scan; Mummy; Paleopathology; Radiography

Indexed keywords

BONE; COMPUTER ASSISTED TOMOGRAPHY; DIAGENESIS; DIAGNOSTIC IMAGING; HUMAN; PALEOPATHOLOGY; PATHOLOGY; PHYSICAL ANTHROPOLOGY; PRESERVATION; PRIORITY JOURNAL; RADIOGRAPHY; SHORT SURVEY; THREE DIMENSIONAL IMAGING;

HUMANS; IMAGE PROCESSING, COMPUTER-ASSISTED; IMAGING, THREE-DIMENSIONAL; MUMMIES; TOMOGRAPHY, X-RAY COMPUTED;

EID: 78049259126     PISSN: 0304324X     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1159/000266031     Document Type: Short Survey

References (41)

1. Lynnerup N: Mummies. Am J Phys Anthropol 2007(suppl 45):162-190.
2. David AR, Tapp E: Evidence Embalmed. Manchester, Manchester University Press, 1984.
3. Cockburn A, Cockburn E, Reyman TA: Mummies, Disease and Ancient Cultures. Cambridge, Cambridge University Press, 1998.
4. Aufderheide A: The Scientific Study of Mummies. Cambridge, Cambridge University Press, 2003, p 608.
5. Lynnerup N: CT-scanning and 3D visualisation of mummies and bog bodies; in Pinhasi R, Mays S (eds): Advances in Human Paleopathology. Chichester, Wiley & Sons, 2008, pp 101-120.
6. Rühli FJ, von Waldburg H, Nielles-Vallespin S, Böni T, Speier P: Clinical magnetic resonance imaging of ancient dry human mummies without rehydration. JAMA 2007; 298: 2618-2620.
7. Koenig W: 14 Photographien mit Röngten- Strahlen. Leipzig, Johann Ambrosius Barth Verlag, 1896.
8. Petrie WMF: Deshahesh 1897: Fifteenth Memoir of the Egyptian Exploration Fund. London, Egypt Exploration Fund, 1898.
9. Moodie RL: Roentgenologic Studies of Egyptian and Peruvian Mummies. Chicago, Field Museum of Chicago, 1931.
10. Harris JE, Weeks KR: X-Raying the Pharaohs. Chicago, Schribner & Sons, 1973.
11. Harris JE, Wente EF: An X-Ray Atlas of the Royal Mummies. Chicago, Chicago University Press, 1980.
12. Notman DNH, Anderson L, Beattie OB, Amy R: Arctic paleoradiology: portable radiographic examination of two frozen sailors from the Franklin Expedition (1845- 1848). Am J Roentgenol 1987; 149: 347-350.
13. Notman DNH, Beattie OB: The paleoimaging and forensic anthropology of frozen sailors from the Franklin Arctic expedition mass disaster (1845-1848): a detailed presentation of two radiological surveys; in Spindler K, Wilfing H, Rastbichler-Zissering E, zur Nedden D, Nothdurfter H (eds): Human Mummies: A Global Survey of their Status and the Technique of Conservation New York, Springer, 1995, pp 3-8.
14. Fawcitt RA, Jarvis H, Isherwood I: X-raying the Manchester mummies; in David R, Tapp E (eds): Evidence Embalmed. Modern Medicine and the Mummies of Ancient Egypt. Manchester, Manchester University Press, 1984.
15. Smith GE: The Royal Mummies. Cairo, Catalogue General des Antiquitees Égyptiennes de Musée du Cairo, 1912.
16. Neave RAH: The reconstruction of skulls for facial reconstruction using radiographic techniques; in David AR (ed): Science in Egyptology. Manchester, Manchester University Press, 1979.
17. Bloomfield JA: Radiology of Egyptian mummy. Australas Radiol 1985; 29: 64-66.
18. Brothwell D, Sandison AT: Diseases in Antiquity. Springfield, Thomas, 1967.
19. Hsieh J: Computed Tomography. Principles, Design, Artifacts, and Recent Advances. Bellingham, SPIE Press, 2002.
20. Harwood-Nash DC: Computed tomography of ancient Egyptian mummies. J Comput Assist Tomogr 1979; 3: 768-773.
21. Lewin PK, Harwood-Nash DC: Computerized axial tomography in medical archaeology. Paleopathol Newsl 1977; 17: 8-9.
22. Marx M, D'Auria SH: CT examination of eleven Egyptian mummies. Radiographics 1986; 6: 321-330.
23. Marx M, D'Auria SH: Three-dimensional CT reconstructions of an ancient human Egyptian mummy. Am J Radiol 1988; 150: 147-149.
24. Pickering RB, Conces JF, Braunstein EM, Yurco F: Three-dimensional computed tomography of the mummy Wenuhotep. Am J Phys Anthropol 1990; 83: 49-55.
25. Zollikofer CPE, Ponce de León MS: Virtual Reconstruction. A Primer in Computer-Assisted Paleontology and Biomedicine. New York, Wiley & Sons, 2005.
26. Hoffman H, Torres WE, Ernst RD: Paleoradiology: advanced CT in the evaluation of nine Egyptian mummies. Radiographics 2002; 22: 377-385.
27. Previgliano CH, Ceruti C, Reinhard J, Araoz FA, Diez JG: Radiologic evaluation of the Llullaillaco mummies. Am J Radiol 2003; 181: 1473-1479.
28. Vahey T, Brown D: Comely Wenuhotep: computed tomography of an Egyptian mummy. J Comput Assist Tomogr 1984; 8: 992-997.
29. Melcher AH, Holowka S, Pharoah M, Lewin PK: Non-invasive computed tomography and three-dimensional reconstruction of the dentition of a 2,800-year-old Egyptian mummy exhibiting extensive disease. Am J Phys Anthropol 1997; 103: 329-340.
30. Nerlich AG, Zink A, Szeimies U, Hagedorn HG: Ancient Egyptian prosthesis of the big toe. Lancet 2000; 356: 2176-2179.
31. zur Nedden D, Wicke K: Der Eisman aus der Sicht der radiologischen und computertomographischen Daten; in Höpfel F, Platzer W, Spindler K (eds): Der Mann in Eis. Innsbrück, Innsbrück University, 1992, pp 131- 148.
32. Gostner P, Egarter Vigl E: Report of radiological- forensic findings on the Iceman. J Archaeol Sci 2002; 29: 323-326.
33. Ciranni R, Garbini F, Neri E, Melai L, Giusti L, Fornaciari G: The 'Braids Lady' of Arezzo: a case of rheumatoid arthritis in a 16th century mummy. Clin Exp Rheumatol 2002; 20: 745-752.
34. Fornaciari G, Ciranni R, Ventura L: Paleoandrology and prostatic hyperplasia in Italian mummies (XV-XIX century). Med Secoli 2001; 13: 269-284.
35. Taconis WK, Maat GJR: Radiological findings in the human mummies and human heads; in Raven MJ, Taconis WK (eds): Egyptian Mummies. Radiological Atlas of the Collections in the National Museum of Antiquities in Leiden. Turnhout, Brepols, 2005.
36. Brothwell D, Liversage D, Gottlieb B: Radiographic and forensic aspects of the female Huldremose body. J Dan Archaeol 1990; 9: 157-178.
37. Rühli FJ, Hodler J, Böni T: CT-guided biopsy: a new diagnostic method for paleopathological research. Am J Phys Anthropol 2002; 117: 272-275.
38. van der Sanden W: Through Nature to Eternity. The Bog People of Northwest Europe. Assen, Drents Museum, 1996, p 200.
39. Asingh P, Lynnerup N: Grauballe Man. Århus, Århus University Press, 2007, p 351.
40. Hjalgrim H, Lynnerup N, Liversage M, Rosenklint A: Stereolithography: potential applications in anthropological studies. Am J Phys Anthropol 1995; 97: 329-333.
41. Cesarani F, Martina MC, Grilletto R, Boano R, Roveri AMD, Capussotto V, Giuliano A, Celia M, Gandini G: Facial reconstruction of a wrapped Egyptian mummy using MDCT. Am J Radiol 2004; 183: 755-758.