Physician wages across specialties: Informing the physician reimbursement debate

Archives of Internal Medicine

Volumn 170, Issue 19, 2010, Pages 1728-1734

  Leigh, J Paul ^a   Tancredi, Daniel ^a   Jerant, Anthony ^a   Kravitz, Richard L ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ADULT; AGED; ARTICLE; DEMOGRAPHY; FAMILY MEDICINE; FEMALE; GEOGRAPHIC DISTRIBUTION; HEALTH SERVICE; HUMAN; INTERNAL MEDICINE; LINEAR REGRESSION ANALYSIS; MALE; MEDICAL SPECIALIST; NORMAL HUMAN; PEDIATRICIAN; PHYSICIAN INCOME; PRIMARY MEDICAL CARE; PRIORITY JOURNAL; REIMBURSEMENT; SURGEON; WORKING TIME; COMPARATIVE STUDY; CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDY; ECONOMICS; MANPOWER; MIDDLE AGED; PHYSICIAN; PRIMARY HEALTH CARE; RETROSPECTIVE STUDY; SALARY AND FRINGE BENEFIT; SPECIALIZATION; UNITED STATES;

ADULT; AGED; CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDIES; FEMALE; HUMANS; MALE; MIDDLE AGED; PHYSICIANS; PRIMARY HEALTH CARE; REIMBURSEMENT MECHANISMS; RETROSPECTIVE STUDIES; SALARIES AND FRINGE BENEFITS; SPECIALIZATION; UNITED STATES;

EID: 78049255349     PISSN: 00039926     EISSN: 15383679     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1001/archinternmed.2010.350     Document Type: Article

References (40)

1. Bodenheimer T, Berenson RA, Rudolf P. The primary care-specialty income gap: why it matters. Ann Intern Med. 2007;146(4):301-306. (Pubitemid 351650616)
2. Lasser KE, Woolhandler S, Himmelstein DU. Sources of U.S. physician income: the contribution of government payments to the specialist-generalist income gap. J Gen Intern Med. 2008;23(9):1477-1481.
3. Baicker K, Chandra A. Medicare spending, the physician workforce, and beneficiaries' quality of care. Health Aff (Millwood). 2004(suppl Web Exclusives):W184-97.
4. De Maeseneer JM, De Prins L, Gosset C, Heyerick J. Provider continuity in family medicine: does it make a difference for total health care costs? Ann Fam Med. 2003;1(3):144-148.
5. Goldman DP, Sood N. Rising medicare costs: are we in crisis? Health Aff (Millwood). 2006;25(5):w389-w392.
6. Starfield B, Shi L, Macinko J. Contribution of primary care to health systems and health. Milbank Q. 2005;83(3):457-502.
7. Colwill JM, Cultice JM, Kruse RL. Will generalist physician supply meet demands of an increasing and aging population? Health Aff (Millwood). 2008;27(3):w232-w241.
8. Ebell MH. Future salary and US residency fill rate revisited. JAMA. 2008;300(10):1131-1132.
9. Kiker BF, Zeh M. Relative income expectations, expected malpractice premium costs, and other determinants of physician specialty choice. J Health Soc Behav. 1998;39(2):152-167.
10. Newton DA, Grayson MS, Thompson LF. The variable influence of lifestyle and income on medical students' career specialty choices: data from two U.S. medical schools, 1998-2004. Acad Med. 2005;80(9):809-814.
11. Thornton J. Physician choice of medical specialty: do economic incentives matter? Appl Econ. 2000;32(11):1419-1428.
12. Weeks WB, Wallace AE. Long-term financial implications of specialty training for physicians. Am J Med. 2002;113(5):393-399.
13. HR 3962, 111th Cong, 1st Sess (2009).
14. Arvantes J. Expert panel calls for Medicare payment reform. AAFP News Now. November 5, 2008.
15. Nonnemaker L, Thomas S, Dubow J. Physician Payment: Current System and Opportunities for Reform. Washington, DC: AARP Public Policy Institute; 2009.
16. Desmarais W. Report on Medical School Faculty Salaries 2006-2007. Washington, DC: Association of American Medical Colleges; 2008.
17. Studer-Ellis E, Gold JS, Jones RF. Trends in US medical school faculty salaries, 1988-1989 to 1998-1999. JAMA. 2000;284(9):1130-1135.
18. Terry K. Exclusive survey: earnings: good news for primary care income. Med Econ. 2008;85(15):30-33.
19. Dorsey ER, Jarjoura D, Rutecki GW. Influence of controllable lifestyle on recent trends in specialty choice by US medical students. JAMA. 2003;290(9):1173-1178.
20. Shih YC, Konrad TR. Factors associated with the income distribution of full-time physicians: a quantile regression approach. Health Serv Res. 2007;42(5):1895-1925.
21. Smart DR, Sellers J; Division of Survey and Data Resources. Physician Characteristics and Distribution in the US, 2008 edition. Chicago, IL: American Medical Association; 2008.
22. 2009 Physician Compensation Survey, by the American Medical Group Association (AMGA). http://www.cejkasearch.com/compensation/amga-physician- compensation-survey.htm. Accessed June 10, 2009.
23. Bureau of Labor Statistics. Occupational outlook handbook, 2010-11 edition: physicians and surgeons. http://www.bls.gov/oco/ocos074.htm. Accessed June 10, 2009.
24. Leigh JP, Kravitz RL, Schembri M, Samuels SJ, Mobley S. Physician career satisfaction across specialties. Arch Intern Med. 2002;162(14):1577-1584. (Pubitemid 34765006)
25. Katz A. Better outcome means more job satisfaction: pilot project in Winnipeg and Halifax to enhance physician-patient communication. Can Fam Physician. 1999;45:218-220.
26. Kravitz RL, Shapiro MF, Linn LS, Froelicher ESS. Risk factors associated with participation in the Ontario, Canada doctors' strike. Am J Public Health. 1989;79(9):1227-1233.
27. Faragher EB, Cass M, Cooper CL. The relationship between job satisfaction and health: a meta-analysis. Occup Environ Med. 2005;62(2):105-112.
28. Landon BE, Reschovsky JD, Pham HH, Blumenthal D. Leaving medicine: the consequences of physician dissatisfaction. Med Care. 2006;44(3):234-242.
29. Williams S, Potter F, Diaz-Tena N, Strouse R. Statistical Design and Tracing for the Community Tracking Study Physician Survey. Washington, DC: Center for Studying Health System Change; 2006.
30. St Peter RF, Reed MC, Kemper P, Blumenthal D. Changes in the scope of care provided by primary care physicians. N Engl J Med. 1999;341(26):1980-1985.
31. StataCorp LP. Stata Statistical Software: Release 11. College Station, TX: StataCorp LP; 2009.
32. Cameron AC, Trivedi PK. Microeconometrics: Methods and Applications. New York, NY: Cambridge University Press; 2005.
33. Baicker K, Chandra A. Cooper's analysis is incorrect. Health Aff (Millwood). 2009;28(1):w116-w118.
34. Cooper RA. States with more physicians have better-quality health care. Health Aff (Millwood). 2009;28(1):w91-w102.
35. Weiss KB. Managing complexity in chronic care: an overview of the VA state-of-the-art (SOTA) conference. J Gen Intern Med. 2007;22(suppl 3):374-378.
36. Folland S, Goodman AC, Stano M. The Economics of Health and Health Care. New York, NY: Pearson Prentice Hall; 2004.
37. Sasser AC. Gender differences in physician pay: tradeoffs between career and family. J Hum Resources. 2005;40(2):477-504.
38. Kaufman BE, Hotchkiss J. The Economics of Labor Markets. 7th ed. New York, NY: Thompson-Southwest; 2005.
39. Rosenblatt RA, Hart LG, Baldwin LM, Chan L, Schneeweiss R. The generalist role of specialty physicians: is there a hidden system of primary care? JAMA. 1998;279(17):1364-1370.
40. Fink KS, Baldwin LM, Lawson HW, Chan L, Rosenblatt RA, Hart LG. The role of gynecologists in providing primary care to elderly women. J Fam Pract. 2001;50(2):153-158.