A systematic review and meta-analysis of perinatal variables in relation to the risk of testicular cancer-experiences of the son

International Journal of Epidemiology

Volumn 39, Issue 6, 2010, Pages 1605-1618

  Cook, Michael B ^a   Akre, Olof ^b   Forman, David ^c   Patricia Madigan, M ^a   Richiardi, Lorenzo ^d   McGlynn, Katherine A ^a  

^a NATIONAL CANCER INSTITUTE   (United States)

^b KAROLINSKA UNIVERSITY HOSPITAL   (Sweden)

^c UNIVERSITY OF LEEDS   (United Kingdom)

^d UNIVERSITY OF TURIN   (Italy)

Author keywords

Epidemiology; Meta analysis; Pregnancy; Review; Systematic; Testicular neoplasms

Indexed keywords

CANCER; DATABASE; EPIDEMIOLOGY; HEALTH RISK; META-ANALYSIS; NEONATE; PREGNANCY;

ARTICLE; BIRTH WEIGHT; BREAST FEEDING; CLINICAL TRIAL; CRYPTORCHISM; GESTATIONAL AGE; HUMAN; INGUINAL HERNIA; MALE; META ANALYSIS; NEWBORN JAUNDICE; PRIORITY JOURNAL; RISK FACTOR; SYSTEMATIC REVIEW; TESTIS CANCER; TWIN PREGNANCY;

CRYPTORCHIDISM; GESTATIONAL AGE; HERNIA, INGUINAL; HUMANS; INFANT, LOW BIRTH WEIGHT; INFANT, NEWBORN; MALE; NUCLEAR FAMILY; REGRESSION ANALYSIS; RISK FACTORS; TESTICULAR NEOPLASMS; TWINS;

SCOPUS;

EID: 77958540251     PISSN: 03005771     EISSN: 14643685     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1093/ije/dyq120     Document Type: Article

References (100)

1. IARC. Cancer incidence in five continents. IARC Sci Publ 2002;VIII:1-781.
2. McGlynn KA, Devesa SS, Sigurdson AJ, Brown LM, Tsao L, Tarone RE. Trends in the incidence of testicular germ cell tumors in the United States. Cancer 2003;97: 63-70.
3. Huyghe E, Matsuda T, Thonneau P. Increasing incidence of testicular cancer worldwide: a review. J Urol 2003;170: 5-11.
4. Purdue MP, Devesa SS, Sigurdson AJ, McGlynn KA. International patterns and trends in testis cancer incidence. Int J Cancer 2005;115:822-27.
5. Bray F, Richiardi L, Ekbom A, Pukkala E, Cuninkova M, Moller H. Trends in testicular cancer incidence and mortality in 22 European countries: continuing increases in incidence and declines in mortality. Int J Cancer 2006;118: 3099-111.
6. McGlynn KA. Environmental and host factors in testicular germ cell tumors. Cancer Invest 2001;19:842-53.
7. Skakkebaek NE, Berthelsen JG, Giwercman A, Muller J. Carcinoma-in-situ of the testis: possible origin from gonocytes and precursor of all types of germ cell tumours except spermatocytoma. Int J Androl 1987;10:19-28.
8. Looijenga LH, de Leeuw H, van Oorschot M et al. Stem cell factor receptor (c-KIT) codon 816 mutations predict development of bilateral testicular germ-cell tumors. Cancer Res 2003;63:7674-78.
9. Rajpert-De Meyts E. Developmental model for the pathogenesis of testicular carcinoma in situ: genetic and environmental aspects. Hum Reprod Update 2006;12: 303-23.
10. Moller H. Clues to the aetiology of testicular germ cell tumours from descriptive epidemiology. Eur Urol 1993; 23:8-13; discussion 4-5.
11. Dieckmann KP, Pichlmeier U. Clinical epidemiology of testicular germ cell tumors. World J Urol 2004;22:2-14.
12. Thomson Reuters. EndNote X2.0.1. Thomson Reuters; 2008.
13. Chene G, Thompson SG. Methods for summarizing the risk associations of quantitative variables in epidemiologic studies in a consistent form. Am J Epidemiol 1996;144:610-21.
14. StataCorp. Stata Statistical Software: Release 10. College Station, Texas: StataCorp LP, 2007.
15. Woolf B. On estimating the relationship between blood group and disease. Ann Hum Genet 1955;19:251-53.
16. Dersimonian R, Laird N. Meta-analysis in clinical trials. Control Clin Trials 1986;7:177-88.
17. Higgins JP, Thompson SG, Deeks JJ, Altman DG. Measuring inconsistency in meta-analyses. Br Med J 2003;327:557-60.
18. Egger M, Davey Smith G, Schneider M, Minder C. Bias in meta-analysis detected by a simple, graphical test. Br Med J 1997;315:629-34.
19. Thompson SG, Higgins JP. How should meta-regression analyses be undertaken and interpreted? Stat Med 2002; 21:1559-73.
20. Sharp SJ. Meta-analysis regression. Stata Tech Bull 1998; 42:16-22.
21. Cook MB, Akre O, Forman D, Madigan MP, Richiardi L, McGlynn KA. A systematic review and meta-analysis of perinatal variables in relation to the risk of testicular cancer-experiences of the mother. Int J Epidemiol 2009; 38:1532-42.
22. UK Testicular Cancer Study Group. Social, behavioural and medical factors in the aetiology of testicular cancer: results from the UK study. Br J Cancer 1994;70: 513-20.
23. Prener A, Engholm G, Jensen OM. Genital anomalies and risk for testicular cancer in Danish men. Epidemiology 1996;7:14-19.
24. Moller H, Prener A, Skakkebaek NE. Testicular cancer, cryptorchidism, inguinal hernia, testicular atrophy, and genital malformations: case-control studies in Denmark. Cancer Causes Control 1996;7:264-74.
25. Hemminki K, Chen B. Are twins at risk of cancer: results from the Swedish family-cancer database. Twin Res Hum Genet 2005;8:509-14.
26. Richiardi L, Pettersson A, Akre O. Genetic and environmental risk factors for testicular cancer. Int J Androl 2007; 30:230-40.
27. Michos A, Xue F, Michels KB. Birth weight and the risk of testicular cancer: a meta-analysis. Int J Cancer 2007; 121:1123-31.
28. Cook MB, Richiardi L, McGlynn KA. Birth weight and risk of testicular cancer. Int J Cancer 2008;122:957.
29. Michos A, Michels KB. Response to Cook et al. Int J Cancer 2008;122:958-59.
30. Rasmussen F, Gunnell D, Ekbom A, Hallqvist J, Tynelius P. Birth weight, adult height, and testicular cancer: cohort study of 337,249 Swedish young men. Cancer Causes Control 2003;14:595-98.
31. Nori F, Carbone P, Giordano F, Osborn J, Figa-Talamanca I. Endocrine-disrupting chemicals and testicular cancer: a case-control study. Arch Env Occup Health 2006;61:87-95.
32. Mogren I, Damber L, Tavelin B, Hogberg U. Characteristics of pregnancy and birth and malignancy in the offspring (Sweden). Cancer Causes Control 1999;10: 85-94.
33. Sonke GS, Chang S, Strom SS, Sweeney AM, Annegers JF, Sigurdson AJ. Prenatal and perinatal risk factors and testicular cancer: a hospital-based case-control study. Oncol Res 2007;16:383-87.
34. Cook MB, Graubard BI, Rubertone MV, Erickson RL, McGlynn KA. Perinatal factors and the risk of testicular germ cell tumors. Int J Cancer 2008;122:2600-6.
35. Dusek L, Abrahamova J, Lakomy R et al. Multivariate analysis of risk factors for testicular cancer: a hospital-based case-control study in the Czech Republic. Neoplasma 2008;55:356-68.
36. Sabroe S, Olsen J. Perinatal correlates of specific histological types of testicular cancer in patients below 35 years of age: a case-cohort study based on midwives' records in Denmark. Int J Cancer 1998;78:140-43.
37. Ahlgren M, Wohlfahrt J, Olsen LW, Sorensen TI, Melbye M. Birth weight and risk of cancer. Cancer 2007; 110:412-19.
38. Catov JM, Newman AB, Kelsey SF et al. Accuracy and reliability of maternal recall of infant birth weight among older women. Ann Epidemiol 2006;16: 429-31.
39. Seidman DS, Slater PE, Ever-Hadani P, Gale R. Accuracy of mothers' recall of birthweight and gestational age. Br J Obstet Gynaecol 1987;94:731-35.
40. Adegboye AR, Heitmann B. Accuracy and correlates of maternal recall of birthweight and gestational age. BJOG 2008;115:886-93.
41. Delbaere I, Vansteelandt S, De Bacquer D et al. Should we adjust for gestational age when analysing birth weights? The use of z-scores revisited. Hum Reprod 2007;22: 2080-83.
42. Richiardi L, Akre O, Bellocco R, Ekbom A. Perinatal determinants of germ-cell testicular cancer in relation to histological subtypes. Br J Cancer 2002;87:545-50.
43. Stang A, Ahrens W, Bromen K et al. Undescended testis and the risk of testicular cancer: importance of source and classification of exposure information. Int J Epidemiol 2001;30:1050-56.
44. Virtanen HE, Bjerknes R, Cortes D et al. Cryptorchidism: classification, prevalence and long-term consequences. Acta Paediatr 2007;96:611-16.
45. Tuazon E, Banks K, Koh CJ et al. Re: Prepubertal orchiopexy for cryptorchidism may be associated with lower risk of testicular cancer. T. J. Walsh, M. A. Dall'Era, M. S. Croughan, P. R. Carroll and P. J. Turek. J Urol 2007;178:1440-46. J Urol 2008;180:783-85.
46. Matthews RD, Neumayer L. Inguinal hernia in the 21st century: an evidence-based review. Curr Probl Surg 2008; 45:261-312.
47. Marshall FF. Anomalies associated with cryptorchidism. Urol Clin North Am 1982;9:339-47.
48. Neale RE, Carriere P, Murphy MF, Baade PD. Testicular cancer in twins: a meta-analysis. Br J Cancer 2008;98: 171-73.
49. Braun MM, Ahlbom A, Floderus B, Brinton LA, Hoover RN. Effect of twinship on incidence of cancer of the testis, breast, and other sites (Sweden). Cancer Causes Control 1995;6:519-24.
50. Richiardi L, Akre O, Lambe M, Granath F, Montgomery SM, Ekbom A. Birth order, sibship size, and risk for germ-cell testicular cancer. Epidemiology 2004;15:323-29.
51. Akre O, Ekbom A, Hsieh CC, Trichopoulos D, Adami HO. Testicular nonseminoma and seminoma in relation to perinatal characteristics. J Natl Cancer Inst 1996;88: 883-89.
52. Aschim EL, Haugen TB, Tretli S, Daltveit AK, Grotmol T. Risk factors for testicular cancer-differences between pure non-seminoma and mixed seminoma/non-seminoma? Int J Androl 2006;29:458-67.
53. English PB, Goldberg DE, Wolff C, Smith D. Parental and birth characteristics in relation to testicular cancer risk among males born between 1960 and 1995 in California (United States). Cancer Causes Control 2003;14:815-25.
54. Moller H, Skakkebaek NE. Testicular cancer and cryptorchidism in relation to prenatal factors: case-control studies in Denmark. Cancer Causes Control 1997;8:904-12.
55. Wanderas EH, Grotmol T, Fossa SD, Tretli S. Maternal health and pre- and perinatal characteristics in the etiology of testicular cancer: a prospective population- and register-based study on Norwegian males born between 1967 and 1995. Cancer Causes Control 1998;9:475-86.
56. Brown LM, Pottern LM, Hoover RN. Prenatal and perinatal risk factors for testicular cancer. Cancer Res 1986;46: 4812-16.
57. Coupland CA, Forman D, Chilvers CE, Davey G, Pike MC, Oliver RT. Maternal risk factors for testicular cancer: a population-based case-control study (UK). Cancer Causes Control 2004;15:277-83.
58. Petridou E, Roukas KI, Dessypris N et al. Baldness and other correlates of sex hormones in relation to testicular cancer. Int J Cancer 1997;71:982-85.
59. Weir HK, Marrett LD, Kreiger N, Darlington GA, Sugar L. Pre-natal and peri-natal exposures and risk of testicular germ-cell cancer. Int J Cancer 2000;87:438-43.
60. Pettersson A, Richiardi L, Cnattingius S, Kaijser M, Akre O. Gestational hypertension, preeclampsia, and risk of testicular cancer. Cancer Res 2008;68:8832-36.
61. Depue RH, Pike MC, Henderson BE. Estrogen exposure during gestation and risk of testicular cancer. J Natl Cancer Inst 1983;71:1151-55.
62. Malone KE, Daling JR. Birth weight and the risk of testicular cancer. J Natl Cancer Inst 1986;77:829-30.
63. Moss AR, Osmond D, Bacchetti P, Torti FM, Gurgin V. Hormonal risk factors in testicular cancer. A case-control study. Am J Epidemiol 1986;124:39-52.
64. Gershman ST, Stolley PD. A case-control study of testicular cancer using Connecticut tumour registry data. Int J Epidemiol 1988;17:738-42.
65. Henderson BE, Benton B, Jing J, Yu MC, Pike MC. Risk factors for cancer of the testis in young men. Int J Cancer 1979;23:598-602.
66. Benson RC Jr, Beard CM, Kelalis PP, Kurland LT. Malignant potential of the cryptorchid testis. Mayo Clin Proc 1991;66:372-78.
67. Biggs ML, Davis MD, Eaton DL et al. Serum organochlorine pesticide residues and risk of testicular germ cell carcinoma: a population-based case-control study. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2008;17:2012-18.
68. Bonner MR, McCann SE, Moysich KB. Dietary factors and the risk of testicular cancer. Nutr Cancer 2002;44:35-43.
69. Brown LM, Pottern LM, Hoover RN. Testicular cancer in young men: the search for causes of the epidemic increase in the United States. J Epidemiol Community Health 1987;41:349-54.
70. Coldman AJ, Elwood JM, Gallagher RP. Sports activities and risk of testicular cancer. Br J Cancer 1982; 46:749-56.
71. Coupland CA, Chilvers CE, Davey G, Pike MC, Oliver RT, Forman D. Risk factors for testicular germ cell tumours by histological tumour type. United Kingdom Testicular Cancer Study Group. Br J Cancer 1999;80:1859-63.
72. Davies TW, Palmer CR, Ruja E, Lipscombe JM. Adolescent milk, dairy product and fruit consumption and testicular cancer. Br J Cancer 1996;74:657-60.
73. Gallagher RP, Huchcroft S, Phillips N et al. Physical activity, medical history, and risk of testicular cancer (Alberta and British Columbia, Canada). Cancer Causes Control 1995;6:398-406.
74. Giwercman A, Grindsted J, Hansen B, Jensen OM, Skakkebaek NE. Testicular cancer risk in boys with maldescended testis: a cohort study. J Urol 1987;138: 1214-16.
75. Hardell L, Ohlson CG, Fredrikson M. Occupational exposure to polyvinyl chloride as a risk factor for testicular cancer evaluated in a case-control study. Int J Cancer 1997;73:828-30.
76. Hardell L, Carlberg M, Ohlson CG, Westberg H, Eriksson M, Hansson Mild K. Use of cellular and cordless telephones and risk of testicular cancer. Int J Androl 2007; 30:115-22.
77. Haughey BP, Graham S, Brasure J, Zielezny M, Sufrin G, Burnett WS. The epidemiology of testicular cancer in upstate New York. Am J Epidemiol 1989;130: 25-36.
78. Heimdal K, Andersen TI, Skrede M, Fossa SD, Berg K, Borresen AL. Association studies of estrogen receptor polymorphisms in a Norwegian testicular cancer population. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 1995;4: 123-26.
79. Herrinton LJ, Zhao W, Husson G. Management of cryptorchism and risk of testicular cancer. Am J Epidemiol 2003;157:602-5.
80. Loughlin JE, Robboy SJ, Morrison AS. Risk factors for cancer of the testis. N Engl J Med 1980;303:112-13.
81. Mills PK, Newell GR, Johnson DE. Testicular cancer associated with employment in agriculture and oil and natural gas extraction. Lancet 1984;1:207-10.
82. Mori M, Davies TW, Miyake H, Masuoka H, Kumamoto Y, Tsukamoto T. Maternal factors of testicular cancer: a case-control study in Japan. Jpn J Clin Oncol 1990;20: 72-77.
83. Morrison AS. Cryptorchidism, hernia, and cancer of the testis. J Natl Cancer Inst 1976;56:731-33.
84. Myrup C, Schnack TH, Wohlfahrt J. Correction of cryptorchidism and testicular cancer. N Engl J Med 2007;357: 825-27; author reply 827.
85. Pinczowski D, McLaughlin JK, Lackgren G, Adami HO, Persson I. Occurrence of testicular cancer in patients operated on for cryptorchidism and inguinal hernia. J Urol 1991;146:1291-94.
86. Schottenfeld D, Warshauer ME, Sherlock S, Zauber AG, Leder M, Payne R. The epidemiology of testicular cancer in young adults. Am J Epidemiol 1980;112:232-46.
87. Sigurdson AJ, Chang S, Annegers JF et al. A case-control study of diet and testicular carcinoma. Nutr Cancer 1999; 34:20-26.
88. Strader CH, Weiss NS, Daling JR. Vasectomy and the incidence of testicular cancer. Am J Epidemiol 1988;128: 56-63.
89. Swerdlow AJ, Higgins CD, Pike MC. Risk of testicular cancer in cohort of boys with cryptorchidism. BMJ 1997; 314:1507-11.
90. Swerdlow AJ, Huttly SR, Smith PG. Testicular cancer and antecedent diseases. Br J Cancer 1987;55:97-103.
91. Walschaerts M, Muller A, Auger J et al. Environmental, occupational and familial risks for testicular cancer: a hospital-based case-control study. Int J Androl 2007;30: 222-29.
92. Vistisen K, Prieme H, Okkels H et al. Genotype and phenotype of glutathione S-transferase mu in testicular cancer patients. Pharmacogenetics 1997;7:21-25.
93. Doria-Rose VP, Biggs ML, Weiss NS. Subfertility and the risk of testicular germ cell tumors (United States). Cancer Causes Control 2005;16:651-56.
94. Pottern LM, Brown LM, Hoover RN et al. Testicular cancer risk among young men: role of cryptorchidism and inguinal hernia. J Natl Cancer Inst 1985;74: 377-81.
95. Dieckmann KP, Endsin G, Pichlmeier U. How valid is the prenatal estrogen excess hypothesis of testicular germ cell cancer? A case control study on hormone-related factors. Eur Urol 2001;40:677-83; discussion 84.
96. Iversen T, Tretli S, Kringlen E. An epidemiological study of cancer in adult twins born in Norway 1905-1945. Br J Cancer 2001;84:1463-65.
97. Neale RE, Mineau G, Whiteman DC, Brownbill PA, Murphy MF. Childhood and adult cancer in twins: evidence from the Utah genealogy. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2005;14:1236-40.
98. Swerdlow AJ, Huttly SR, Smith PG. Prenatal and familial associations of testicular cancer. Br J Cancer 1987;55: 571-77.
99. Verkasalo PK, Kaprio J, Koskenvuo M, Pukkala E. Genetic predisposition, environment and cancer incidence: a nationwide twin study in Finland, 1976-1995. Int J Cancer 1999;83:743-49.
100. Westergaard T, Andersen PK, Pedersen JB, Frisch M, Olsen JH, Melbye M. Testicular cancer risk and maternal parity: a population-based cohort study. Br J Cancer 1998; 77:1180-85.