Using race as a case-mix adjustment factor in a renal dialysis payment system: Potential and pitfalls

American Journal of Kidney Diseases

Volumn 56, Issue 5, 2010, Pages 928-936

  Roach, Jesse L ^a   Turenne, Marc N ^a   Hirth, Richard A ^a   Wheeler, John R C ^a   Sleeman, Kathryn S ^a   Messana, Joseph M ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN   (United States)

Author keywords

dialysis; End stage renal disease; prospective payment system; race

Indexed keywords

ADULT; AFRICAN AMERICAN; AGED; AMERICAN INDIAN; ANEMIA; ARTICLE; ASIAN; CASE MIX; CAUCASIAN; CLASSIFICATION; DATA BASE; ETHNICITY; FEMALE; HEALTH CARE COST; HEALTH CARE DELIVERY; HEMODIALYSIS PATIENT; HISPANIC; HUMAN; KIDNEY FAILURE; LONG TERM CARE; MAJOR CLINICAL STUDY; MALE; MEDICARE; OUTPATIENT CARE; PACIFIC ISLANDER; PROSPECTIVE PAYMENT; RACE; RACE DIFFERENCE; RENAL REPLACEMENT THERAPY; SELF REPORT; UNITED STATES; ANCESTRY GROUP; COMPARATIVE STUDY; ECONOMICS; EPIDEMIOLOGY; ETHNOLOGY; KIDNEY FAILURE, CHRONIC; MIDDLE AGED; PROCEDURES; RETROSPECTIVE STUDY; RISK ASSESSMENT; SOCIOECONOMICS; STATISTICS AND NUMERICAL DATA; VERY ELDERLY;

AGED; AGED, 80 AND OVER; CONTINENTAL POPULATION GROUPS; FEMALE; HEALTH CARE COSTS; HUMANS; KIDNEY FAILURE, CHRONIC; MALE; MEDICARE; MIDDLE AGED; PROSPECTIVE PAYMENT SYSTEM; RENAL DIALYSIS; RETROSPECTIVE STUDIES; RISK ADJUSTMENT; SOCIOECONOMIC FACTORS; UNITED STATES;

EID: 77958485533     PISSN: 02726386     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1053/j.ajkd.2010.08.006     Document Type: Article

References (23)

1. A.R. Nelson Unequal treatment: confronting racial and ethnic disparities in health care J Natl Med Assoc 94 8 2002 666 668
2. M. Sims, T.L. Sims, and M.A. Bruce Urban poverty and infant mortality rate disparities J Natl Med Assoc 99 4 2007 349 356
3. Wong RJ. Marked variations in proximal colon cancer survival by race/ethnicity within the United States [published online ahead of print December 3, 2009]. J Clin Gastroenterol. doi: 10.1097/MCG.0b013e3181c64a7a.
4. K.S. Albain, J.M. Unger, J.J. Crowley, and C.A. Coltman Jr Racial disparities in cancer survival among randomized clinical trials patients of the Southwest Oncology Group J Natl Cancer Inst 101 14 2009 984 992
5. B.L. Cook, and W.G. Manning Measuring racial/ethnic disparities across the distribution of health care expenditures Health Serv Res 44 5 pt 1 2009 1603 1621
6. US Renal Data System USRDS 2009 Annual Data Report: Atlas of End-Stage Renal Disease in the United States 2009 National Institutes of Health, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases Bethesda, MD
7. F. Madore, E.G. Lowrie, and C. Brugnara Anemia in hemodialysis patients: variables affecting this outcome predictor J Am Soc Nephrol 8 12 1997 1921 1929
8. K.R. Petronis, C.E. Carroll, P.S. Held, and F.K. Port Effect of race on access to recombinant human erythropoietin in long-term hemodialysis patients JAMA 272 23 1994 1818 1819
9. A. Gupta, L.R. Kallenbach, G. Zasuma, and G.W. Divine Race is a major determinant of secondary hyperparathyroidism in uremic patients J Am Soc Nephrol 11 2 2000 330 334
10. US Congress, House of Representatives, Committee on Ways and Means, Subcommittee on Health Hearing on ensuring kidney patients receive safe and appropriate anemia management care 110th Congress, 1st session June 26, 2007
11. A. Burton LaVarne Letter from the president and chief executive officer of the American Kidney Fund to Charlene Frizzera, Acting Administrator of the Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services, Baltimore, MD http://www. kidneyfund.org/advocacy/assets/pdf/akf-proposed-mippa-rule-comment-letter.pdf December 14, 2009 Accessed June 30, 2010
12. K. Thiry Letter from the chairman of Kidney Care Partners to Charlene Frizzera, Acting Administrator of the Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services, Baltimore, MD http://www.modernhealthcare.com/assets/pdf/CH679321214. PDF December 11, 2009 Accessed June 30, 2010
13. Medicare Improvements for Patients and Providers Act of 2008, Pub L No 110275, 122 Stat 2553 (2008).
14. M.O. Leavitt Report to Congress: A Design for a Bundled End Stage Renal Disease Prospective Payment System 2008 US Department of Health and Human Services Washington, DC http://www.cms.hhs.gov/ESRDGeneralInformation/downloads/ ESRDReportToCongress.pdf Accessed June 30, 2010
15. R.A. Hirth, J. Wheeler, and J. Messana End Stage Renal Disease Payment System: Results of Research on Case-Mix Adjustment for an Expanded Bundle 2008 University of Michigan http://www.sph.umich.edu/kecc/assets/documents/UM-KECC- Expanded-ESRD-Bundle.pdf Accessed June 30, 2010
16. Medicare programs; end-stage renal disease prospective payment system; town hall meeting on end-stage renal disease prospective payment system; proposed rule and notice Fed Regist 74 187 2009 49922 50102
17. K. Kalantar-Zadeh, G.H. Lee, and J.E. Miller Predictors of hyporesponsiveness to erythropoiesis-stimulating agents in hemodialysis patients Am J Kidney Dis 53 5 2009 823 834
18. E. Beutler, and C. West Hematologic differences between African-Americans and whites: the roles of iron deficiency and alpha-thalassemia on hemoglobin levels and mean corpuscular volume Blood 106 2 2005 740 745
19. J.P. Lea, K. Norris, and L. Agodoa The role of anemia management in improving outcomes for African-Americans with chronic kidney disease Am J Nephrol 28 5 2008 732 743
20. E. Lacson, J. Rogus, M. Teng, J.M. Lazarus, and R.M. Hakim The association of race with erythropoietin dose in patients on long-term hemodialysis Am J Kidney Dis 52 6 2008 1104 1114
21. K.V. Patel, D.L. Longo, and W.B. Ershler Haemoglobin concentration and the risk of death in older adults: differences by race/ethnicity in the NHANES III follow-up Br J Haematol 145 4 2009 514 523
22. K. Servilla, A.K. Singh, and W.C. Hunt Anemia management and association of race with mortality and hospitalization in a large not-for-profit dialysis organization Am J Kidney Dis 54 3 2009 498 510
23. C. Moore, J. Yee, and H. Malluche Relationship between bone histology and markers of bone and mineral metabolism in African-American hemodialysis patients Clin J Am Soc Nephrol 4 9 2009 1484 1493