메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 20, Issue 4, 2010, Pages 469-492

Nontraumatic intracranial hemorrhage

Author keywords

Cerebral amyloid angiopathy; Intracranial hemorrhage; Vascular malformation; Venous infarction

Indexed keywords

ANTICOAGULANT AGENT; GADOLINIUM; WARFARIN;

EID: 77958184409     PISSN: 10525149     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.nic.2010.07.003     Document Type: Review
Times cited : (37)

References (55)
  • 1
    • 0023949011 scopus 로고
    • Magnetic resonance imaging of intracranial hemorrhage
    • Barkovich A.J., Atlas S.W. Magnetic resonance imaging of intracranial hemorrhage. Radiol Clin North Am 1988, 26:801-820.
    • (1988) Radiol Clin North Am , vol.26 , pp. 801-820
    • Barkovich, A.J.1    Atlas, S.W.2
  • 2
    • 0032231925 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • MR detection of hyperacute parenchymal hemorrhage of the brain
    • Atlas S.W., Thulborn K.R. MR detection of hyperacute parenchymal hemorrhage of the brain. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 1998, 19:1471-1507.
    • (1998) AJNR Am J Neuroradiol , vol.19 , pp. 1471-1507
    • Atlas, S.W.1    Thulborn, K.R.2
  • 3
    • 0034838760 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Intracranial hemorrhage: principles of CT and MRI interpretation
    • Parizel P.M., Makkat S., Van Miert E., et al. Intracranial hemorrhage: principles of CT and MRI interpretation. Eur Radiol 2001, 11:1770-1783.
    • (2001) Eur Radiol , vol.11 , pp. 1770-1783
    • Parizel, P.M.1    Makkat, S.2    Van Miert, E.3
  • 4
    • 53649110882 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Intracerebral hemorrhage and hypertension
    • Sessa M. Intracerebral hemorrhage and hypertension. Neurol Sci 2008, 29:S258-S259.
    • (2008) Neurol Sci , vol.29
    • Sessa, M.1
  • 5
    • 0033934909 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Assessment of lacunar hemorrhage associated with hypertensive stroke by echo-planar gradient-echo T2*-weighted MRI
    • Kinoshita T., Okudera T., Tamura H., et al. Assessment of lacunar hemorrhage associated with hypertensive stroke by echo-planar gradient-echo T2*-weighted MRI. Stroke 2000, 31:1646-1650.
    • (2000) Stroke , vol.31 , pp. 1646-1650
    • Kinoshita, T.1    Okudera, T.2    Tamura, H.3
  • 6
    • 0031026455 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Early hemorrhage growth in patients with intracerebral hemorrhage
    • Brott T., Broderick J., Kothari R., et al. Early hemorrhage growth in patients with intracerebral hemorrhage. Stroke 1997, 28:1-5.
    • (1997) Stroke , vol.28 , pp. 1-5
    • Brott, T.1    Broderick, J.2    Kothari, R.3
  • 7
    • 55749099163 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • CHANT Investigators. Hematoma growth in oral anticoagulant related intracerebral hemorrhage
    • Cucchiara B., Messe S., Sansing L., et al. CHANT Investigators. Hematoma growth in oral anticoagulant related intracerebral hemorrhage. Stroke 2008, 39:2993-2996.
    • (2008) Stroke , vol.39 , pp. 2993-2996
    • Cucchiara, B.1    Messe, S.2    Sansing, L.3
  • 8
    • 0031748498 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Multivariate analysis of predictors of hematoma enlargement in spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage
    • Fujii Y., Takeuchi S., Sasaki O., et al. Multivariate analysis of predictors of hematoma enlargement in spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage. Stroke 1998, 29:1160-1166.
    • (1998) Stroke , vol.29 , pp. 1160-1166
    • Fujii, Y.1    Takeuchi, S.2    Sasaki, O.3
  • 9
    • 34247897285 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • CT angiography " spot sign" predicts hematoma expansion in acute intracerebral hemorrhage
    • Wada R., Aviv R.I., Fox A.J., et al. CT angiography " spot sign" predicts hematoma expansion in acute intracerebral hemorrhage. Stroke 2007, 38:1257-1262.
    • (2007) Stroke , vol.38 , pp. 1257-1262
    • Wada, R.1    Aviv, R.I.2    Fox, A.J.3
  • 10
    • 34147186169 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Contrast extravasation on CT angiography predicts hematoma expansion in intracerebral hemorrhage
    • Goldstein J.N., Fazen L.E., Snider R., et al. Contrast extravasation on CT angiography predicts hematoma expansion in intracerebral hemorrhage. Neurology 2007, 68:889-894.
    • (2007) Neurology , vol.68 , pp. 889-894
    • Goldstein, J.N.1    Fazen, L.E.2    Snider, R.3
  • 11
    • 41149085634 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Contrast extravasation on CT predicts mortality in primary intracerebral hemorrhage
    • Kim J., Smith A., Hemphill J.C., et al. Contrast extravasation on CT predicts mortality in primary intracerebral hemorrhage. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 2008, 29:520-525.
    • (2008) AJNR Am J Neuroradiol , vol.29 , pp. 520-525
    • Kim, J.1    Smith, A.2    Hemphill, J.C.3
  • 12
    • 77249150238 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Guidelines for the management of spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage in adults: 2007 update: a guideline from the American Heart Association/American Stroke Association Stroke Council, High Blood Pressure Research Council, and the Quality of Care and Outcomes in Research Interdisciplinary Working Group
    • Broderick J., Connolly S., Feldmann E., et al. Guidelines for the management of spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage in adults: 2007 update: a guideline from the American Heart Association/American Stroke Association Stroke Council, High Blood Pressure Research Council, and the Quality of Care and Outcomes in Research Interdisciplinary Working Group. Circulation 2007, 116(16):e391-e413.
    • (2007) Circulation , vol.116 , Issue.16
    • Broderick, J.1    Connolly, S.2    Feldmann, E.3
  • 13
    • 13144256723 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Early surgery versus initial conservative treatment in patients with spontaneous supratentorial intracerebral haematomas in the International Surgical Trial in Intracerebral Haemorrhage (STICH): a randomised trial
    • Mendelow A.D., Gregson B.A., Fernandes H.M., et al. Early surgery versus initial conservative treatment in patients with spontaneous supratentorial intracerebral haematomas in the International Surgical Trial in Intracerebral Haemorrhage (STICH): a randomised trial. Lancet 2005, 365:387-397.
    • (2005) Lancet , vol.365 , pp. 387-397
    • Mendelow, A.D.1    Gregson, B.A.2    Fernandes, H.M.3
  • 14
    • 33646537778 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The cerebral beta-amyloid angiopathies: hereditary and sporadic
    • Zhang-Nunes S.X., Maat-Schieman M.L., van Duinen S.G., et al. The cerebral beta-amyloid angiopathies: hereditary and sporadic. Brain Pathol 2006, 16:30-39.
    • (2006) Brain Pathol , vol.16 , pp. 30-39
    • Zhang-Nunes, S.X.1    Maat-Schieman, M.L.2    van Duinen, S.G.3
  • 15
    • 53649084659 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cerebral amyloid angiopathy-related hemorrhages
    • Pezzini A., Padovani A. Cerebral amyloid angiopathy-related hemorrhages. Neurol Sci 2008, 29:S260-S263.
    • (2008) Neurol Sci , vol.29
    • Pezzini, A.1    Padovani, A.2
  • 16
    • 0035957075 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Clinical diagnosis of cerebral amyloid angiopathy: validation of the Boston criteria
    • Knudsen K.A., Rosand J., Karluk D., et al. Clinical diagnosis of cerebral amyloid angiopathy: validation of the Boston criteria. Neurology 2001, 56:537-539.
    • (2001) Neurology , vol.56 , pp. 537-539
    • Knudsen, K.A.1    Rosand, J.2    Karluk, D.3
  • 17
    • 70350621503 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Susceptibility-weighted imaging for the differential diagnosis of cerebral vascular pathology: a pictorial review
    • Tsui Y.K., Tsai F.Y., Hasso A.N., et al. Susceptibility-weighted imaging for the differential diagnosis of cerebral vascular pathology: a pictorial review. J Neurol Sci 2009, 287(1-2):7-16.
    • (2009) J Neurol Sci , vol.287 , Issue.1-2 , pp. 7-16
    • Tsui, Y.K.1    Tsai, F.Y.2    Hasso, A.N.3
  • 18
    • 0034633751 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Warfarin-associated hemorrhage and cerebral amyloid angiopathy: a genetic and pathologic study
    • Rosand J., Hylek E.M., O'Donnell H.C., et al. Warfarin-associated hemorrhage and cerebral amyloid angiopathy: a genetic and pathologic study. Neurology 2000, 55:947-951.
    • (2000) Neurology , vol.55 , pp. 947-951
    • Rosand, J.1    Hylek, E.M.2    O'Donnell, H.C.3
  • 19
    • 70350524024 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pre-tissue plasminogen activator blood pressure levels and risk of symptomatic intracerebral hemorrhage
    • Tsivgoulis G., Frey J.L., Flaster M., et al. Pre-tissue plasminogen activator blood pressure levels and risk of symptomatic intracerebral hemorrhage. Stroke 2009, 40:3631-3634.
    • (2009) Stroke , vol.40 , pp. 3631-3634
    • Tsivgoulis, G.1    Frey, J.L.2    Flaster, M.3
  • 20
    • 62649126254 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hemorrhagic transformation of ischemic stroke: prediction with CT perfusion
    • Aviv R.I., D'Esterre C.D., Murphy B.D., et al. Hemorrhagic transformation of ischemic stroke: prediction with CT perfusion. Radiology 2009, 250:867-877.
    • (2009) Radiology , vol.250 , pp. 867-877
    • Aviv, R.I.1    D'Esterre, C.D.2    Murphy, B.D.3
  • 21
    • 34548243659 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Risk factors of symptomatic intracerebral hemorrhage after tPA therapy for acute stroke
    • Lansberg M.G., Thijs V.N., Bammer R., et al. Risk factors of symptomatic intracerebral hemorrhage after tPA therapy for acute stroke. Stroke 2007, 38:2275-2278.
    • (2007) Stroke , vol.38 , pp. 2275-2278
    • Lansberg, M.G.1    Thijs, V.N.2    Bammer, R.3
  • 22
    • 33845298309 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Magnetic resonance imaging profiles predict clinical response to early reperfusion: the diffusion and perfusion imaging evaluation for understanding stroke evolution (DEFUSE) study
    • Albers G.W., Thijs V.N., Wechsler L., et al. Magnetic resonance imaging profiles predict clinical response to early reperfusion: the diffusion and perfusion imaging evaluation for understanding stroke evolution (DEFUSE) study. Ann Neurol 2006, 60:508-517.
    • (2006) Ann Neurol , vol.60 , pp. 508-517
    • Albers, G.W.1    Thijs, V.N.2    Wechsler, L.3
  • 23
    • 33846662010 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Intracranial hemorrhage associated with revascularization therapies
    • Khatri P., Wechsler L.R., Broderick J.P. Intracranial hemorrhage associated with revascularization therapies. Stroke 2007, 38(2):431-440.
    • (2007) Stroke , vol.38 , Issue.2 , pp. 431-440
    • Khatri, P.1    Wechsler, L.R.2    Broderick, J.P.3
  • 24
    • 34347397407 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Symptomatic intracerebral hemorrhage following thrombolytic therapy for acute ischemic stroke: a review of the risk factors
    • Lansberg M.G., Albers G.W., Wijman C.A. Symptomatic intracerebral hemorrhage following thrombolytic therapy for acute ischemic stroke: a review of the risk factors. Cerebrovasc Dis 2007, 24:1-10.
    • (2007) Cerebrovasc Dis , vol.24 , pp. 1-10
    • Lansberg, M.G.1    Albers, G.W.2    Wijman, C.A.3
  • 25
    • 39049138018 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Risk for symptomatic intracerebral hemorrhage after thrombolysis assessed by diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging
    • Singer O.C., Humpich M.C., Fiehler J., et al. Risk for symptomatic intracerebral hemorrhage after thrombolysis assessed by diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging. Ann Neurol 2008, 63:52-60.
    • (2008) Ann Neurol , vol.63 , pp. 52-60
    • Singer, O.C.1    Humpich, M.C.2    Fiehler, J.3
  • 26
    • 33747157649 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Neurological outcome of septic cardioembolic stroke after infective endocarditis
    • Ruttmann E., Willeit J., Ulmer H., et al. Neurological outcome of septic cardioembolic stroke after infective endocarditis. Stroke 2006, 37:2094-2099.
    • (2006) Stroke , vol.37 , pp. 2094-2099
    • Ruttmann, E.1    Willeit, J.2    Ulmer, H.3
  • 27
    • 41749116894 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Accuracy of 16-row multislice computed tomographic angiography for assessment of small cerebral aneurysms
    • Chen W., Wang J., Xin W., et al. Accuracy of 16-row multislice computed tomographic angiography for assessment of small cerebral aneurysms. Neurosurgery 2008, 62:113-122.
    • (2008) Neurosurgery , vol.62 , pp. 113-122
    • Chen, W.1    Wang, J.2    Xin, W.3
  • 28
    • 41149132934 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Detection of aneurysms by 64-section multidetector CT angiography in patients acutely suspected of having an intracranial aneurysm and comparison with digital subtraction and 3D rotational angiography
    • McKinney A.M., Palmer C.S., Truwit C.L., et al. Detection of aneurysms by 64-section multidetector CT angiography in patients acutely suspected of having an intracranial aneurysm and comparison with digital subtraction and 3D rotational angiography. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 2008, 29:594-602.
    • (2008) AJNR Am J Neuroradiol , vol.29 , pp. 594-602
    • McKinney, A.M.1    Palmer, C.S.2    Truwit, C.L.3
  • 29
    • 33846432026 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Detection and characterization of intracranial aneurysms with 16-channel multidetector row CT angiography: a prospective comparison of volume-rendered images and digital subtraction angiography
    • Yoon D.Y., Lim K.J., Choi C.S., et al. Detection and characterization of intracranial aneurysms with 16-channel multidetector row CT angiography: a prospective comparison of volume-rendered images and digital subtraction angiography. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 2007, 28:60-67.
    • (2007) AJNR Am J Neuroradiol , vol.28 , pp. 60-67
    • Yoon, D.Y.1    Lim, K.J.2    Choi, C.S.3
  • 30
    • 0036677920 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Comparison of three-dimensional rotational angiography with digital subtraction angiography in the assessment of ruptured cerebral aneurysms
    • Hochmuth A., Spetzger U., Schumacher M. Comparison of three-dimensional rotational angiography with digital subtraction angiography in the assessment of ruptured cerebral aneurysms. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 2002, 23:1199-1205.
    • (2002) AJNR Am J Neuroradiol , vol.23 , pp. 1199-1205
    • Hochmuth, A.1    Spetzger, U.2    Schumacher, M.3
  • 31
    • 0035008939 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Intracranial aneurysms: CT angiography and MR angiography for detection. Prospective blinded comparison in a large patient cohort
    • White P.M., Teasdale E.M., Wardlaw J.M., et al. Intracranial aneurysms: CT angiography and MR angiography for detection. Prospective blinded comparison in a large patient cohort. Radiology 2001, 219:739-749.
    • (2001) Radiology , vol.219 , pp. 739-749
    • White, P.M.1    Teasdale, E.M.2    Wardlaw, J.M.3
  • 32
    • 39549111011 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Prospective evaluation of multidetector row CT angiography for the diagnosis of vasospasm following subarachnoid hemorrhage: a comparison with digital subtraction angiography
    • Chaudhary S.R., Ko N., Dillon W.P., et al. Prospective evaluation of multidetector row CT angiography for the diagnosis of vasospasm following subarachnoid hemorrhage: a comparison with digital subtraction angiography. Cerebrovasc Dis 2008, 25:144-150.
    • (2008) Cerebrovasc Dis , vol.25 , pp. 144-150
    • Chaudhary, S.R.1    Ko, N.2    Dillon, W.P.3
  • 33
    • 0034774191 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A systematic review of the frequency and prognosis of arteriovenous malformations of the brain in adults
    • Al-Shahi R., Warlow C. A systematic review of the frequency and prognosis of arteriovenous malformations of the brain in adults. Brain 2001, 124:1900-1926.
    • (2001) Brain , vol.124 , pp. 1900-1926
    • Al-Shahi, R.1    Warlow, C.2
  • 34
    • 0022465686 scopus 로고
    • A proposed grading system for arteriovenous malformation
    • Spetzler R.F., Martin N.A. A proposed grading system for arteriovenous malformation. J Neurosurg 1986, 65:476-483.
    • (1986) J Neurosurg , vol.65 , pp. 476-483
    • Spetzler, R.F.1    Martin, N.A.2
  • 35
    • 58149326884 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hemorrhage from cavernous malformations of the brain
    • Al-Shahi Salman R., Berg M.J., Morrison L., et al. Hemorrhage from cavernous malformations of the brain. Stroke 2008, 39:3222-3230.
    • (2008) Stroke , vol.39 , pp. 3222-3230
    • Al-Shahi Salman, R.1    Berg, M.J.2    Morrison, L.3
  • 36
    • 56849089225 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Intracranial dural arterio-venous fistula
    • Wilson M., Enevoldson P., Menezes B. Intracranial dural arterio-venous fistula. Pract Neurol 2008, 8:362-369.
    • (2008) Pract Neurol , vol.8 , pp. 362-369
    • Wilson, M.1    Enevoldson, P.2    Menezes, B.3
  • 37
    • 70349752913 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cranial dural arteriovenous fistulas: modification of angiographic classification scales based on new natural history data
    • Zipfel G.J., Shah M.N., Refai D., et al. Cranial dural arteriovenous fistulas: modification of angiographic classification scales based on new natural history data. Neurosurg Focus 2009, 26:E14.
    • (2009) Neurosurg Focus , vol.26
    • Zipfel, G.J.1    Shah, M.N.2    Refai, D.3
  • 38
    • 0028814281 scopus 로고
    • A proposed classification for spinal and cranial dural arteriovenous fistulous malformations and implications for treatment
    • Borden J.A., Wu J.K., Shucart W.A. A proposed classification for spinal and cranial dural arteriovenous fistulous malformations and implications for treatment. J Neurosurg 1995, 82:166-179.
    • (1995) J Neurosurg , vol.82 , pp. 166-179
    • Borden, J.A.1    Wu, J.K.2    Shucart, W.A.3
  • 39
    • 0028938704 scopus 로고
    • Cerebral dural arteriovenous fistulas: clinical and angiographic correlation with a revised classification of venous drainage
    • Cognard C., Gobin Y.P., Pierot L., et al. Cerebral dural arteriovenous fistulas: clinical and angiographic correlation with a revised classification of venous drainage. Radiology 1995, 194:671-680.
    • (1995) Radiology , vol.194 , pp. 671-680
    • Cognard, C.1    Gobin, Y.P.2    Pierot, L.3
  • 40
    • 70349212256 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cranial dural arteriovenous fistula: diagnosis and classification with time-resolved MR angiography at 3T
    • Farb R.I., Agid R., Willinsky R.A., et al. Cranial dural arteriovenous fistula: diagnosis and classification with time-resolved MR angiography at 3T. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 2009, 30:1546-1551.
    • (2009) AJNR Am J Neuroradiol , vol.30 , pp. 1546-1551
    • Farb, R.I.1    Agid, R.2    Willinsky, R.A.3
  • 41
    • 71949125192 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Clinical presentation and long-term outcome of cerebral venous thrombosis
    • English J.D., Fields J.D., Le S., et al. Clinical presentation and long-term outcome of cerebral venous thrombosis. Neurocrit Care 2009, 11(3):330-337.
    • (2009) Neurocrit Care , vol.11 , Issue.3 , pp. 330-337
    • English, J.D.1    Fields, J.D.2    Le, S.3
  • 42
    • 64549162821 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Noncontrast CT in deep cerebral venous thrombosis and sinus thrombosis: comparison of its diagnostic value for both entities
    • Linn J., Pfefferkorn T., Ivanicova K., et al. Noncontrast CT in deep cerebral venous thrombosis and sinus thrombosis: comparison of its diagnostic value for both entities. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 2009, 30:728-735.
    • (2009) AJNR Am J Neuroradiol , vol.30 , pp. 728-735
    • Linn, J.1    Pfefferkorn, T.2    Ivanicova, K.3
  • 43
    • 34248675789 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Diagnostic value of multidetector-row CT angiography in the evaluation of thrombosis of the cerebral venous sinuses
    • Linn J., Ertl-Wagner B., Seelos K.C., et al. Diagnostic value of multidetector-row CT angiography in the evaluation of thrombosis of the cerebral venous sinuses. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 2007, 28:946-952.
    • (2007) AJNR Am J Neuroradiol , vol.28 , pp. 946-952
    • Linn, J.1    Ertl-Wagner, B.2    Seelos, K.C.3
  • 44
    • 0037828002 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pathogenesis of venous stroke: evaluation with diffusion- and perfusion-weighted MRI
    • Makkat S., Stadnik T., Peeters E., et al. Pathogenesis of venous stroke: evaluation with diffusion- and perfusion-weighted MRI. J Stroke Cerebrovasc Dis 2003, 12:132-136.
    • (2003) J Stroke Cerebrovasc Dis , vol.12 , pp. 132-136
    • Makkat, S.1    Stadnik, T.2    Peeters, E.3
  • 45
    • 53649104638 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Intracerebral haemorrhage in primary and metastatic brain tumours
    • Salmaggi A., Erbetta A., Silvani A., et al. Intracerebral haemorrhage in primary and metastatic brain tumours. Neurol Sci 2008, 29:S264-S265.
    • (2008) Neurol Sci , vol.29
    • Salmaggi, A.1    Erbetta, A.2    Silvani, A.3
  • 46
    • 0023222419 scopus 로고
    • Hemorrhagic intracranial malignant neoplasms: spin-echo MR imaging
    • Atlas S.W., Grossman R.I., Gomori J.M., et al. Hemorrhagic intracranial malignant neoplasms: spin-echo MR imaging. Radiology 1987, 164:71-77.
    • (1987) Radiology , vol.164 , pp. 71-77
    • Atlas, S.W.1    Grossman, R.I.2    Gomori, J.M.3
  • 47
    • 58149387273 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Spontaneous isolated convexity subarachnoid hemorrhage: presentation, radiological findings, differential diagnosis, and clinical course
    • Refai D., Botros J.A., Strom R.G., et al. Spontaneous isolated convexity subarachnoid hemorrhage: presentation, radiological findings, differential diagnosis, and clinical course. J Neurosurg 2008, 109:1034-1041.
    • (2008) J Neurosurg , vol.109 , pp. 1034-1041
    • Refai, D.1    Botros, J.A.2    Strom, R.G.3
  • 48
    • 62749176396 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Moyamoya disease and moyamoya syndrome
    • Scott R.M., Smith E.R. Moyamoya disease and moyamoya syndrome. N Engl J Med 2009, 360:1226-1237.
    • (2009) N Engl J Med , vol.360 , pp. 1226-1237
    • Scott, R.M.1    Smith, E.R.2
  • 49
    • 70449711108 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Clinical outcome after 450 revascularization procedures for moyamoya disease
    • Guzman R., Lee M., Achrol A., et al. Clinical outcome after 450 revascularization procedures for moyamoya disease. J Neurosurg 2009, 111(5):927-935.
    • (2009) J Neurosurg , vol.111 , Issue.5 , pp. 927-935
    • Guzman, R.1    Lee, M.2    Achrol, A.3
  • 50
    • 58149151357 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Reversible cerebral vasoconstriction syndrome presenting with haemorrhage
    • Santos E., Zhang Y., Wilkins A., et al. Reversible cerebral vasoconstriction syndrome presenting with haemorrhage. J Neurol Sci 2009, 276:189-192.
    • (2009) J Neurol Sci , vol.276 , pp. 189-192
    • Santos, E.1    Zhang, Y.2    Wilkins, A.3
  • 51
    • 36749001583 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The clinical and radiological spectrum of reversible cerebral vasoconstriction syndrome. A prospective series of 67 patients
    • Ducros A., Boukobza M., Porcher R., et al. The clinical and radiological spectrum of reversible cerebral vasoconstriction syndrome. A prospective series of 67 patients. Brain 2007, 130:3091-3101.
    • (2007) Brain , vol.130 , pp. 3091-3101
    • Ducros, A.1    Boukobza, M.2    Porcher, R.3
  • 52
    • 41149094093 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Catheter angiography, MR angiography, and MR perfusion in posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome
    • Bartynski W.S., Boardman J.F. Catheter angiography, MR angiography, and MR perfusion in posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 2008, 29:447-455.
    • (2008) AJNR Am J Neuroradiol , vol.29 , pp. 447-455
    • Bartynski, W.S.1    Boardman, J.F.2
  • 53
    • 73349115882 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Spontaneous intracranial hypotension
    • Gordon N. Spontaneous intracranial hypotension. Dev Med Child Neurol 2009, 51:932-935.
    • (2009) Dev Med Child Neurol , vol.51 , pp. 932-935
    • Gordon, N.1
  • 54
    • 56549094738 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Spontaneous spinal cerebrospinal fluid leaks
    • Schievink W.I. Spontaneous spinal cerebrospinal fluid leaks. Cephalalgia 2008, 28:1345-1356.
    • (2008) Cephalalgia , vol.28 , pp. 1345-1356
    • Schievink, W.I.1
  • 55
    • 46649092559 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Spontaneous acute subdural hematoma as an initial presentation of choriocarcinoma: a case report
    • Rocque B.G., Baskaya M.K. Spontaneous acute subdural hematoma as an initial presentation of choriocarcinoma: a case report. J Med Case Reports 2008, 2:211.
    • (2008) J Med Case Reports , vol.2 , pp. 211
    • Rocque, B.G.1    Baskaya, M.K.2


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.