Examination of gully sites on Mars with the shallow radar

Journal of Geophysical Research: Planets

Volumn 115, Issue 10, 2010, Pages

  Nunes, Daniel Cahn ^a   Smrekar, Suzanne E ^a   Safaeinili, Ali ^a   Holt, John ^b   Phillips, Roger J ^c   Seu, Roberto ^d   Campbell, Bruce ^e  

^a CALIFORNIA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY   (United States)

^b UNIVERSITY OF TEXAS AT AUSTIN   (United States)

^c SOUTHWEST RESEARCH INSTITUTE   (United States)

^d SAPIENZA UNIVERSITY OF ROME   (Italy)

^e DEPARTMENT OF PALEOBIOLOGY   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

GULLY; MARS; PLANETARY SURFACE; RADAR; SLOPE;

EID: 77958172100     PISSN: 01480227     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1029/2009JE003509     Document Type: Article

References (51)

1. Allen, C. C., et al. (1997), JSC Mars-1: Mars regolith simulant, 28th Lunar Planet. Sci. Conf., 1797, Houston, TX.
2. Balme, M., et al. (2006), Orientation and distribution of recent gullies in the southern hemisphere of Mars: Observations from High Resolution Stereo Camera/Mars Express (HRSC/MEX) and Mars Orbiter Camera/Mars Global Surveyor (MOC/MGS) data, J. Geophys. Res., 111(E5), E05001, doi:10.1029/2005JE002607. (Pubitemid 44018662)
3. Bibring, J.-P., et al. (2004), Perennial water ice identified in the south polar cap of Mars, Nature, 428, 627-630.
4. Boynton, W. V., et al. (2002), Distribution of hydrogen in the near surface of Mars: Evidence for subsurface ice deposits, Science, 297, 81-85.
5. Carr, M. H. (1979), Formation of Martian flood features by release of water from confined aquifers, J. Geophys. Res., 84(B6), 2995-3007.
6. Carr, M. H., and G. D. Clow (1981), Martian channels and valleys: Their characteristics, distribution, and age, Icarus, 48(1), 91-117.
7. Christensen, P. R. (2003), Formation of recent martian gullies through melting of extensive water-rich snow deposits, Nature, 422, 45-48.
8. Christensen, P. R., et al. (2001), Mars Global Surveyor Thermal Emission Spectrometer experiment: Investigation description and surface science results, J. Geophy. Res., 106 (E10), 23,823-23,871. (Pubitemid 33124761)
9. Clifford, S. M. (1987), Polar basal melting on Mars, J. Geophys. Res., 92(B9), 9135-9152.
10. Clifford, S. M., and T. J. Parker (2001), The evolution of the Martian hydrosphere: Implications for the fate of a primordial ocean and the current state of the northern plains, Icarus, 154(1), 40-79.
11. Costard, F., et al. (2002), Formation of recent Martian debris flows by melting of near surface ground ice at high obliquity, Science, 295, 110-113. (Pubitemid 34052356)
12. Dickson, J. L., and J. W. Head (2009), The formation and evolution of youthful gullies on Mars: Gullies as the late-stage phase of Mars' most recent ice age, Icarus, 204(1), 63-86.
13. Ducoff, M. R., and B. W. Tietjen (2008), Pulse compression radar, in Radar Handbook, edited by M. I. Skolnik, pp. 8.1-8.44, McGraw Hill, New York, NY.
14. Farrell, W. M., et al. (2009), Is the Martian water table hidden from radar view-, Geophys. Res. Lett., 36(15), L15206, doi:10.1029/2009GL038945.
15. Feldman, W. C., et al. (2002), Global distribution of neutrons from Mars: results from Mars Odyssey, Science, 297, 75-78. (Pubitemid 34743093)
16. Grimm, R. E., and D. E. Stillman (2008), On the origin of widespread subsurface radar attenuation at Mars, in 39th Lunar Planet. Sci. Conf., 2251, Lunar and Planetary Institute, League City, TX.
17. Hanna, J. C., and R. J. Phillips (2005), Hydrological modeling of the Martian crust with application to the pressurization of aquifers, J. Geophys. Res., 110(E1) E01004, doi:10.1029/2004JE002330. (Pubitemid 40479101)
18. Hashin, Z., and S. Shtrikman (1962), A variational approach to the theory of the effective magnetic permeability of multiphase materials, J. Applied Phys., 33(10), 3125-3131.
19. Head, J. W., et al. (2008), Formation of gullies on Mars: Link to recent climate history and insolation microenvironments implicate surface water flow origin, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci., 105(36), 13,258-13,263.
20. Heldmann, J. L., and M. T. Mellon (2004), Observations of martian gullies and constraints on potential formation mechanisms, Icarus, 168(2), 285-304.
21. Heldmann, J. L., et al. (2007), Observations of martian gullies and constraints on potential formation mechanisms: II. The northern hemisphere, Icarus, 188(2), 324-344.
22. Holt, J. W., et al. (2008), Radar Sounding Evidence for Buried Glaciers in the Southern Mid-Latitudes of Mars, Science, 322, 1235-1238.
23. Kolb, K. J., et al. (2009), Measuring slopes of gully fan apices using digital elevation models, in 40th Lunar Planet. Sci. Conf., 2268, Woodlands, TX.
24. Malin, M. C., and K. S. Edgett (2000), Evidence for recent groundwater seepage and surface runoff on Mars, Science, 288, 2330-2335.
25. Malin, M. C., and K. S. Edgett (2001), Mars Global Surveyor Mars Orbiter Camera: Interplanetary cruise through primary mission, J. Geophys. Res., 106(E10), 23,429-23,570. (Pubitemid 33124749)
26. Malin, M. C., et al. (2006), Present-Day Impact Cratering Rate and Contemporary Gully Activity on Mars, Science, 314(5805), 1573-1577.
27. McEwen, A. S., et al. (2007), A Closer Look at Water-Related Geologic Activity on Mars, Science, 317, 1706-1709.
28. Mellon, M. T., and R. J. Phillips (2001), Recent gullies on Mars and the source of liquid water, J. Geophys. Res., 106(E10), 23,165-23,179. (Pubitemid 33122536)
29. Mellon, M. T., et al. (2008), A prelanding assessment of the ice table depth and ground ice characteristics in Martian permafrost at the Phoenix landing site, J. Geophys. Res., 113(E11), E00A25, doi:10.1029/2007JE003067.
30. Mustard, J. F., et al. (2008), Hydrated silicate minerals on Mars observed by the Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter CRISM instrument, Nature, 454, 305-309.
31. Nunes, D. C., and R. J. Phillips (2006), Radar subsurface mapping of the polar layered deposits on Mars, J. Geophys. Res., 111(E6), E06S21, doi:10.1029/2005JE002609. (Pubitemid 44687693)
32. Olhoeft, G. R., and D. W. Strangway (1975), Dielectric properties of the first 100 meters of the Moon, Earth Planet. Sci. Lett., 24, 394-404.
33. Olhoeft, G. R., et al. (1975), Effects of water on electrical properties of lunar fines, 6th Lunar Sci. Conf., 3333-3342, Houston, TX.
34. Phillips, R. J., et al. (1973), The Apollo 17 Lunar Sounder, 4th Lunar Sci. Conf., 2821-2831, Houston, TX.
35. Phillips, R. J., et al. (2008), Mars North Polar Deposits: Stratigraphy, Age, and Geodynamical Response, Science, 320(5880), 1182-1185.
36. Picardi, G., et al. (2005), Radar sounding of the subsurface of Mars, Science, 310, 1925-1928.
37. Plaut, J. J., et al. (2009a), A widespread radar-transparent layer detected by SHARAD in Arcadia Planitia, Mars, 40th Lunar Planet. Sci. Conf., 2312, Houston, TX.
38. Plaut, J. J., et al. (2009b), Radar evidence for ice in lobate debris aprons in the mid-northern latitudes of Mars, Geophys. Res. Lett., 36(2), L02203, doi:10.1029/2008GL036379.
39. Poulet, F., et al. (2005), Phyllosilicates on Mars and implications for early martian climate, Nature, 438(7068), 623-627. (Pubitemid 41740566)
40. Russell, P. S., and J. W. Head (2003), Elysium-Utopia flows as megalahars: A model of dike intrusion, cryosphere cracking, and watersediment release, J. Geophys. Res., 108(E6), 5064, doi:10.1029/ 2002JE001995.
41. Schon, S. C., et al. (2009), Unique chronostratigraphic marker in depositional fan stratigraphy on Mars: Evidence for ca. 1.25 Ma gully activity and surficial meltwater origin, Geology, 37, 207-210.
42. Seu, R., et al. (2004), SHARAD: The MRO 2005 shallow radar, Planet. Space Sci., 52, 157-166, doi:110.1016/j.pss.2003.1008.1024.
43. Seu, R., et al. (2007), SHARAD sounding radar on the Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter, J. Geophys. Res., 112(E5), E05S05, doi:10.1029/ 2006JE002745. (Pubitemid 47062470)
44. Sharp, R. P., and M. C. Malin (1975), Channels on Mars, Geol. Soc. Am. Bull., 86(5), 593-609.
45. Skinner, J. J. A., et al. (2006), Digital renovation of the Atlas of Mars 1:15,000,000-scale global geologic series maps, 37th Lunar Planet. Sci. Conf., 2331, Houston, TX.
46. Smith, P. H., et al. (2009), H2O at the Phoenix Landing Site, Science, 325(5936), 58-61.
47. Squyres, S. W., et al. (2006), Overview of the Opportunity Mars Exploration Rover Mission to Meridiani Planum: Eagle Crater to Purgatory Ripple, J. Geophys. Res., 111(E12), E12S12, doi:10.1029/2006JE002771. (Pubitemid 47082603)
48. Stillman, D., and G. Olhoeft (2008), Frequency and temperature dependence in electromagnetic properties of Martian analog minerals, J. Geophys. Res., 113(E9), E09005, doi:10.1029/2007JE002977.
49. Treiman, A. H. (2003), Geologic settings of Martian gullies: Implications for their origins, J. Geophys. Res., 108(E4), 8031, doi:10.1029/ 2002JE001900.
50. Ulaby, F. T., et al. (1986), Microwave Remote Sensing: Active and Passive, Artech House, Norwood, MA.
51. Wait, J. R. (1970), Electromagnetic waves on stratified media, 2nd ed., Pergamon Press, New York, NY.