Just how strapping was KNM-WT 15000?

Journal of Human Evolution

Volumn 59, Issue 5, 2010, Pages 542-554

  Graves, Ronda R ^a   Lupo, Amy C ^a   McCarthy, Robert C ^a   Wescott, Daniel J ^a,b   Cunningham, Deborah L ^c  

^a FLORIDA ATLANTIC UNIVERSITY   (United States)

^b FLORIDA INTERNATIONAL UNIVERSITY   (United States)

^c FLORIDA ATLANTIC UNIVERSITY   (United States)

Author keywords

Growth curve; Homo erectus; Life history; Nariokotome; Ontogeny; Stature

Indexed keywords

GROWTH CURVE; HOMINID; LIFE HISTORY; ONTOGENY; SKELETON;

HOMO ERECTUS; PAN;

EID: 77958155830     PISSN: 00472484     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.jhevol.2010.06.007     Document Type: Article

References (103)

1. Aiello L.C., Key C. Energetic consequences of being a Homo erectus female. Am. J. Hum. Biol. 2002, 14:551-565.
2. Aiello L.C., Wheeler P. The expensive-tissue hypothesis: the brain and the digestive system in human and primate evolution. Curr. Anthropol. 1995, 36:199-221.
3. Allman J., Hasenstaub A. Brains, maturation times and parenting. Neurobiol. Aging 1999, 20:447-454.
4. Antón S.A., Leigh S.R. Growth and life history in Homo erectus. Patterns of Growth and Development in the Genus Homo 2003, 219-245. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge. J. Thompson, G. Krovitz, A. Nelson (Eds.).
5. Arsuaga J.L., Lorenzo C., Carretero J.M., Garcia A., Martínez I., García N., Bermúdez de Castro J.M., Carbonell E. A complete human pelvis from the Middle Pleistocene of Spain. J. Hum. Evol. 1999, 399:255-258.
6. Barrett M., Brown T., Cellier K. Tooth eruption sequence in a tribe of central Australian aborigines. Am. J. Phys. Anthropol. 1964, 22:191-200.
7. Begun D., Walker A. The endocast. The Nariokotome Homo erectus Skeleton 1993, 326-358. Harvard University Press, Cambridge. A. Walker, R. Leakey (Eds.).
8. Bennett M.R., Harris J.W.K., Richmond B.G., Braun D.R., Mbua E., Kiura P., Olago D., Kibunjia M., Omuombo C., Behrensmeyer A.K., Huddart D., Gonzalez S. Early hominin foot morphology based on 1.5-million-year-old footprints from Ileret, Kenya. Science 2009, 323:1197-1201.
9. Blurton Jones N.G., Hawkes K., O'Connell J.F. Some current ideas about the evolution of the human life history. Comparative Primate Socioecology 1999, 140-166. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge. P.C. Lee (Ed.).
10. Bogin B. Why must I be a teenager at all?. New Sci. 1993, 137:34-38.
11. Bogin B. Growth and development: recent evolutionary and biocultural research. Biological Anthropology: The State of the Science 1995, 49-70. International Institute for Human Evolutionary Research, Bend, Oregon. N. Boaz, L. Wolfe (Eds.).
12. Bogin B. Childhood in evolutionary and biocultural perspective. Long Term Consequence of Early Environment 1996, 7-22. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge. C. Henry, S. Ulijaszek (Eds.).
13. Bogin B., Smith B.H. Evolution of the human life cycle. Am. J. Hum. Biol. 1996, 8:703-716.
14. Brown F., Harris J., Leakey R., Walker A. Early Homo erectus skeleton from west Lake Turkana, Kenya. Nature 1985, 316:788-792.
15. Cameron N., Kgamphe J.S., Leschner K.F., Farrant P.J. Urban-rural differences in the growth of South African black children. Annls. Hum. Biol. 1992, 19:23-33.
16. Clegg M., Aiello L. A comparison of the Nariokotome Homo erectus with juveniles from a modern human population. Am. J. Phys. Anthropol. 1999, 110:81-93.
17. Coqueugniot H., Hublin J.J., Veillon F., Houet F., Jacob T. Early brain growth in Homo erectus and implications for cognitive ability. Nature 2004, 431:299-302.
18. Correia H., Balseiro S., De Areia M. Sexual dimorphism in the human pelvis: testing a new hypothesis. J. Comp. Hum. Biol. 2005, 56:153-160.
19. Cunningham, D.L., 2005. Postcranial Proportional Variation in Australopithecus. Ph.D. Dissertation, University of Missouri.
20. Day M.H., Molleson T.I. The puzzle from JK2-A femur and a tibial fragment (O.H. 34) from Olduvai Gorge, Tanzania. J. Hum. Evol. 1976, 5:455-465.
21. Dean M.C., Smith B.H. Growth and development of the Nariokotome youth, KNM-WT 15000. The First Human: Origin and Early Evolution of the Genus Homo 2009, 101-120. Springer, New York. F.E. Grine, J.G. Fleagle, R.E. Leakey (Eds.).
22. Dean M.C., Leakey M.G., Reid D., Schrenk F., Schwartz G., Stringer C., Walker A. Growth processes in teeth distinguish modern humans from Homo erectus and earlier hominins. Nature 2001, 414:628-631.
23. Delson E. The strapping young ancestor. American Scientist 1995, 83:183-185.
24. Feldesman M.R. Femur stature ratio and estimates of stature in children. Am. J. Phys. Anthropol. 1992, 87:447-459.
25. Feldesman M.R., Kleckner J.G., Lundy J.K. Femur/stature ratio and estimates of stature in mid- and late-Pleistocene fossil hominins. Am. J. Phys. Anthropol. 1990, 83:359-372.
26. Feldesman M.R., Lundy J. Stature estimates for some African Plio-Pleistocene hominins. J. Hum. Evol. 1988, 17:583-596.
27. Formicola V. More is not always better: Trotter and Gleser's equations and stature estimates of Upper Paleolithic European samples. J. Hum. Evol. 2003, 45:239-243.
28. Gabunia L., Vekua A., Lordkipanidze D., Swisher C., Ferring R., Justus A., Nioradze M., Tvalchrelidze M., Antón S., Bosinski G., Jöris O., de Lumley M.A., Majsuradze G., Mouskhelishvili A. Earliest Pleistocene hominin cranial remains from Dmanisi, Republic of Georgia: taxonomy, geological setting, and age. Science 2000, 288:1019-1025.
29. Gavan J.A. Growth and development of the chimpanzee; a longitudinal and comparative study. Hum. Biol. 1953, 25:93-143.
30. Geissman T. Length estimate for KNM-ER 736, a hominid femur from the lower Pleistocene of East Africa. Hum. Evol. 1986, 1:481-493.
31. Gordon A.D., Nevell L., Wood B. The Homo floresiensis cranium (LB1): size, scaling, and early Homo affinities. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. 2008, 105:4650-4655.
32. Grether W.F., Yerkes R.M. Weight Norms and relations for chimpanzees. Am. J. Phys. Anthropol. 1940, 27:181-197.
33. Gurven M., Walker R. Energetic demand of multiple dependents and the evolution of slow human growth. Phil. Trans. R. Soc. Lond. B 2006, 273:835-841.
34. Hamada Y., Chatani K., Udono T., Kikuchi Y., Gunji H. A longitudinal study on hand and wrist skeletal maturation in chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes), with emphasis on growth in linear dimensions. Primates 2003, 44:259-271.
35. Hamada Y., Udono T. Longitudinal analysis of length growth in the chimpanzee (Pan troglodytes). Am. J. Phys. Anthropol. 2002, 118:268-284.
36. Hamada Y., Hayakawa S., Suzuki J., Ohkura S. Adolescent growth and development in Japanese macaques (Macaca fuscata): punctuated adolescent growth spurt by season. Primates 1999, 40:439-452.
37. Hamada Y., Udono T., Teramoto M., Sugawara T. The growth pattern of chimpanzees: somatic growth and reproductive maturation in Pan troglodytes. Primates 1996, 37:277-293.
38. Hartwig-Scherer S., Martin R.D. Was "Lucy" more human than her "child" ? Observations on early hominid postcranial skeletons. J. Hum. Evol. 1991, 21:439-449.
39. Hawkes K., O'Connell J.F., Blurton Jones N.G., Alvarez H., Charnov E.L. Grandmothering, menopause, and the evolution of human life histories. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. 1998, 95:1336-1339.
40. Hawkes K. Grandmothers and the evolution of human longevity. Am. J. Hum. Biol. 2003, 15:380-400.
41. Hens S., Konigsberg L., Jungers W. Estimating stature in fossil hominins: which regression model and reference sample to use. J. Hum. Evol. 2000, 38:767-784.
42. Herndon J., Tigges J., Anderson D., Klumpp S., McClure H. Brain weight throughout the lifespan of the chimpanzee. J. Comp. Neurol. 1999, 409:567-572.
43. Holliday T., Ruff C. Ecogeographical patterning and stature prediction in fossil hominins: comment on M.R. Feldesman and R.L. Fountain. Am. J. Phys. Anthropol. 1997, 103:137-140.
44. Holloway R., Broadfield D., Yuan M. The Human Fossil Record: Brain Endocasts 2004, Wiley-Liss, Hoboken, NJ.
45. Howells W.W. Howells' craniometric data on the internet. Am. J. Phys. Anthropol. 1996, 101:441-442.
46. Hrdy S. Comes the child before the man: how cooperative breeding and prolonged post-weaning dependence shaped human potentials. Hunter-gatherer Childhoods 2005, 65-91. Transactions, Piscataway. B.S. Hewlett, M.E. Lamb (Eds.).
47. Janson C.H., Van Schaik C.P. Ecological risk aversion in juvenile primates: slow and steady wins the race. Juvenile Primates: Life History, Development, and Behavior 1993, 57-76. Oxford University Press, New York. M. Pereira, L. Fairbanks (Eds.).
48. Johanson D.C., Masao F.T., Eck G.G., White T.D., Walter R.C., Kimbel W.H., Asfaw B., Manega P., Ndessokia P., Suwa G. New partial skeleton of Homo habilis from Olduvai Gorge, Tanzania. Nature 1987, 327:205-209.
49. Kramer K.L. Maya Children: Helpers at the Farm 2005, Harvard University Press, Cambridge.
50. Laird A. Evolution of the human growth curve. Growth 1967, 31:345-355.
51. Latimer B., Ohman J.C. Axial dysplasia in Homo erectus. J. Hum. Evol. 2001, 40:A12.
52. Leakey R.E., Walker A., Ward C.V., Grausz H.M. A partial skeleton of a gracile hominid from the Upper Burgi Member of the Koobi Fora Formation, East Lake Turkana, Kenya. Hominidae. Proceedings of the 2nd International Congress of Human Paleontology, Turin, September 28-October 3, 1987 1989, 167-173. Jaca Books, Milano. G. Giacobini (Ed.).
53. Lehninger A. Principles of Biochemistry 1982, Worth Publishers, Inc., New York.
54. Leigh S.R. Evolution of human growth spurts. Am. J. Phys. Anthropol. 1996, 101:455-474.
55. Leigh S.R. Brain ontogeny and life history in Homo erectus. J. Hum. Evol. 2006, 50:104-108.
56. Leigh S.R., Shea B.T. Ontogeny of body size variation in African apes. Am. J. Phys. Anthropol. 1996, 99:43-66.
57. Lockwood C.A., Richmond B.G., Jungers W.L., Johanson D.C. Randomization procedures and sexual dimorphism in Australopithecus afarensis. J. Hum. Evol. 1996, 31:537-548.
58. Lordkipanidze D., Jashashvili T., Abesalom V., Ponce de Leon M., Zollikofer C., Rightmire G.P., Pontzer H., Ferring R., Oms O., Tappen M., Bukhsianidze M., Agusti J., Kahlke R., Kiladze G., Martinez-Navarro B., Mouskhelishvili A., Nioradze M., Rook L. Postcranial evidence from early Homo from Dmanisi, Georgia. Nature 2007, 449:305-310.
59. Martin R.D., MacLarnon A.M., Phillips J.L., Dobyns W.B. Flores hominid: new species or microcephalic dwarf?. Anat. Rec. 2006, 288A:1123-1145.
60. McHenry H.M. Femoral lengths and stature in Plio-Pleistocene hominins. Am. J. Phys. Anthropol. 1991, 85:149-158.
61. McHenry H.M. Body size and proportions in early hominins. Am. J. Phys. Anthropol. 1992, 87:407-431.
62. McHenry H.M., Coffing K. Australopithecus to Homo: transformations in mind and body. Ann. Rev. Anthropol. 2000, 29:125-146.
63. ® Software 2002, Source Forge, Inc.
64. Meyer, M.R., 2005. Functional Biology of the Homo erectus Axial Skeleton from Dmanisi, Georgia. Ph.D. Dissertation, University of Pennsylvania.
65. Ohman J.C., Wood C., Wood B., Crompton R., Gunter M., Yu L., Savage R., Wang W. Stature-at-death of KNM-WT 15000. Hum. Evol. 2002, 17:129-142.
66. Pearson O.M. Postcranial remains and the origin of modern humans. Evol. Anthropol. 2000, 9:229-247.
67. Richmond B., Aiello L., Wood B. Early hominin limb proportions. J. Hum. Evol. 2002, 43:529-548.
68. Rightmire G.P. Homo in the middle Pleistocene: hypodigms, variation, and species recognition. Evol. Anthropol. 2008, 17:8-21.
69. Robson S., Wood B. Hominin life history: reconstruction and evolution. J. Anat. 2008, 212:394-425.
70. Ruff C. Body size prediction from juvenile skeletal remains. Am. J. Phys. Anthropol. 2007, 133:698-716.
71. Ruff C. Body size and body sape in early hominins - implications of the Gona pelvis. J. Hum. Evol. 2010, 58:166-178.
72. Ruff C., Walker A. Body size and body shape. The Nariokotome Homo erectus Skeleton 1993, 234-265. Harvard University Press, Cambridge, MA. A. Walker, R. Leakey (Eds.).
73. Ruff C.B., Trinkaus E., Holliday T.W. Body mass and encephalization in Pleistocene Homo. Nature 1997, 387:173-176.
74. Schultz A.H. Growth and development of the chimpanzee. Contrib. Embryol. 1940, 28:1-63.
75. Simpson S.W., Quade J., Levin N.E., Butler R., Dupont-Nivet G., Everett M., Semaw S. A female Homo erectus pelvis from Gona, Ethiopia. Science 2008, 322:1089-1092.
76. Simpson S.W., Russell K., Lovejoy C.O. Comparison of diaphyseal growth between the Libben population and the Hamann-Todd chimpanzee sample. Am. J. Phys. Anthropol. 1996, 99:67-78.
77. Smith B.H. Dental development as a measure of life history in primates. Evolution 1989, 43:683-688.
78. Smith B.H. Dental development and the evolution of life history in Hominidae. Am. J. Phys. Anthropol. 1991, 86:157-174.
79. Smith B.H. The physiological age of KNM-WT 15000. The Nariokotome Homo erectus Skeleton 1993, 195-220. Harvard University Press, Cambridge, MA. A. Walker, R. Leakey (Eds.).
80. Smith B.H., Garn S.M. Polymorphisms in eruption sequence of permanent teeth in American children. Am. J. Phys. Anthropol. 1987, 74:289-303.
81. Smith B.H., Tompkins R. Toward a life history of the homininae. Ann. Rev. Anthropol. 1995, 24:257-279.
82. Smith S. Skeletal age, dental age, and the maturation of KNM-WT 15000. Am. J. Phys. Anthropol. 2004, 125:105-120.
83. Steudel-Numbers K. Energetics in Homo erectus and other early hominins: the consequences of increased lower-limb length. J. Hum. Evol. 2006, 51:445-453.
84. Tague R.G. Variation in pelvic size between males and females. Am. J. Phys. Anthropol. 1989, 80:59-71.
85. Tanner J. Growth at Adolescence 1962, Blackwell Publishing, Oxford.
86. Tanner J.M., Wilson M.E., Rudman C.G. Pubertal growth spurt in the female rhesus monkey: relation to menarche and skeletal maturation. Am. J. Hum. Biol. 1990, 2:101-106.
87. Tardieu C. Development of the femoral diaphysis in humans: functional and evolutionary significance. Folia Primatol. 1994, 63:53-58.
88. Tardieu C. Femur ontogeny in humans and great apes: heterochronic implications for hominin evolution. C.R. Acad. Sci. Paris 1997, 325:899-904.
89. Tardieu C. Short adolescence in early hominins: infantile and adolescent growth of the human femur. Am. J. Phys. Anthropol. 1998, 107:163-178.
90. Tardieu C., Damsin J. Evolution of the angle of obliquity of the femoral diaphysis during growth. Corr. Surg. Radiol. Anat. 1997, 19:91-97.
91. Tardieu C., Trinkaus E. Early ontogeny of the human femoral bicondylar angle. Am. J. Phys. Anthropol. 1994, 95:183-195.
92. Timiras P., Valcana T. Body growth. Developmental Physiology and Aging 1972, 273-302. MacMillan Publishing Co., New York. P. Timiras (Ed.).
93. Trinkaus E. Body length and body mass. Early Modern Human Evolution in Central Europe: the People of Dolní Vestǒnice and Pavlov 2006, 233-241. Oxford University Press, Oxford. E. Trinkaus, J. Svoboda (Eds.).
94. The Nariokotome Homo erectus Skeleton 1993, Harvard University Press, Cambridge, MA. A. Walker, R. Leakey (Eds.).
95. Walker A., Ruff C. The reconstruction of the pelvis. The Nariokotome Homo erectus Skeleton 1993, 221-233. Harvard University Press, Cambridge, MA. A. Walker, R. Leakey (Eds.).
96. Walrath, D., 1997. Sexual Dimorphism of the Pelvis and its Relationship to Birth in Human Evolution. Ph.D. Dissertation. University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia.
97. Watts E. Adolescent growth and development of monkeys, apes, and humans. Non-human Primate Models for Human Growth and Development 1985, 41-65. Alan R. Liss, New York. E. Watts (Ed.).
98. Watts E. Evolutionary trends in primate growth and development. Primate Life History and Evolution 1990, 89-104. Wiley-Liss, New York. C. DeRousseau (Ed.).
99. Watts E., Gavan J. Postnatal growth of nonhuman primates: the problem of the adolescent spurt. Hum. Biol. 1982, 54:53-70.
100. Winkler L. Appearance of ossification centers of the lower arm, wrist, lower leg, and ankle in immature orangutans and chimpanzees with an assessment of the relationship of ossification to dental development. Am. J. Phys. Anthropol. 1996, 99:191-203.
101. Zeveloff S.I., Boyce M.S. Why human neonates are so altricial. Am. Nat. 1982, 120:537-542.
102. Zihlman A., Bolter D., Boesch C. Skeletal and dental growth and development in chimpanzees of the Tai National Park, Cote D'Ivoire. J. Zool. 2007, 273:63-73.
103. Zollikofer C., Ponce de León M. The evolution of hominin ontogenies. Semin. Cell Dev. Biol. 2010, 21:441-452.