The Aral Sea and the Dead Sea: Disparate lakes with similar histories

Lakes and Reservoirs: Science, Policy and Management for Sustainable Use

Volumn 15, Issue 3, 2010, Pages 223-236

  Oren, Aharon ^a   Plotnikov, Igor S ^b   Sokolov, Sergey ^c   Aladin, Nikolai V ^b  

^a HEBREW UNIVERSITY OF JERUSALEM   (Israel)

^b ZOOLOGICAL INSTITUTE   (Russian Federation)

^c Ukrainian Hydrometeorological Institute Kiev   (Ukraine)

Author keywords

Aral Sea; Butakov; Dead Sea; exploration; Lynch; Mitigation

Indexed keywords

HYPERSALINE ENVIRONMENT; LAKE WATER; LIMNOLOGY; NINETEENTH CENTURY; SALINITY; SURFACE WATER; WATER BUDGET; WATER QUALITY;

ARAL SEA; DEAD SEA;

EID: 77958108090     PISSN: 13205331     EISSN: 14401770     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1111/j.1440-1770.2010.00436.x     Document Type: Article

References (54)

1. Abelson M., Baer G., Shtivelman V. et al. (2003) Collapse-sinkholes and radar interferometry reveal neotectonics concealed within the Dead Sea basin. Geoph. Res. Lett. 30, 52.1-4.
2. Al Weshah R. (2000) The water balance of the Dead Sea. Hydrol. Proc. 14, 145-54.
3. Aladin N. V., Plotnikov I. S. (2008) Modern fauna of residual water bodies formed on the place of the former Aral Sea. Proc. Zool. Inst. RAS 312, 145-54 (in Russian).
4. Aladin N. V., Williams W. D. (1993) Recent changes in the biota of the Aral Sea, Central Asia. Verh. Internat. Verein. Limnol. 25, 790-2.
5. Aladin N. V., Plotnikov I. S., Potts W. T. W. (1995) The Aral Sea desiccation and possible ways of rehabilitation and conservation of its North part. Int. J. Environmetrics 6, 17-29.
6. Aladin N. V., Plotnikov I. S., Orlova M. I. et al. (1996) Changes in the form and biota of the Aral Sea over time. In: The Aral Sea basin. NATO ASI Series, Partnership Sub-Series, 2. Environment, Vol. 12 (eds P. P. Micklin and W. D. Williams), pp. 33-55. Springer, Berlin.
7. Aladin N. V., Filippov A. A., Plotnikov I. S., Orlova M. I., Williams W. D. (1998) Changes in the structure and function of biological communities in the Aral Sea with particular reference to the northern part (Small Aral Sea), 1985-1994: A review. Int. J. Salt Lake Res. 7, 301-43.
8. Aladin N. V., Plotnikov I. S., Micklin P., Ballatore T. (2009) The Aral Sea: Water level, salinity and long-term changes in biological communities of an endangered ecosystem - past, present and future. In: Saline Lakes around the World: Unique Systems with Unique Values (eds A. Oren, D. L. Naftz, P. Palacios and W. A. Wurtsbaugh), pp. 177-83. The S. J. and Jessie E. Quinney Natural Resources Research Library, College of Natural Resources, Utah State University, Salt Lake City.
9. Allen W. (1855) The Dead Sea, A New Route to India: With Other Fragments and Gleanings in the East. Longman, Brown, Green, and Longmans, London.
10. Ashirbekov U. A., Zonn I. S. (2003) Aral: The History of Dying Sea. International Fund for Saving the Aral Sea, Dushanbe, 86 p.
11. Badescu V., Schuiling R. D. (2010) Aral Sea: Irretrievable Loss or Irtysh Imports? Water Res. Managem. 24, 597-616.
12. Baer G., Schattner U., Wachs D., Sandwell D., Wdowinski S., Frydman S. (2002) The lowest place on Earth is subsiding - an InSAR (interferometric synthetic aperture radar) perspective. Geol. Soc. Am. Bull. 114, 12-23.
13. Bagrow L. (1945) The origin of Ptolemy's Geographia. Geogr. Ann. 27, 318-87.
14. Bervald E. A. (1964) Ways of Organizing Rational Fish Economy on Inland Water Bodies. Rostov-on-Don: Izd. Rostovskogo Gos. Universiteta (in Russian), 148 p.
15. Beyth M. (1980) Recent evolution and present stage of the Dead Sea brines. In: Hypersaline Brines and Evaporitic Environments (ed. A. Nissenbaum), pp. 155-66. Elsevier Scientific Publishers.
16. Bortnik V. N., Chistyaeva S. P. (eds) (1990) Hydrometeorology and Hydrochemistry of the Seas of the USSR, vol. VII, Aral Sea. Gidrometeoizdat, Leningrad (in Russian).
17. Butakov A. I. (1853a) Information on the expedition equipped for the Aral Sea description in 1848, Vestnik Russk. Obshchestva, part 7, Book I, Chapter 7, pp. 1-9 (in Russian).
18. Butakov A. I. (1853b) Daily records of the voyage of A.I. Butakov aboard schooner "Konstantin" with the aim of the Aral Sea investigation in 1848-1849. Tashkent: AN Uz. SSR, 52 p. (in Russian).
19. Cathcart R. B. (2008) Aral Sea Refill: Seawater Importation Macroproject. Available from URL: Accessed 25 December 2009.
20. Conder C. R. (1883) Heth and Moab. Explorations in Syria in 1881 and 1882. Richard Bentley and Son, London.
21. Davydov M. M. (1949) The Ob'-Aral-Caspian water connection. Gidrotekhnicheskoye Stroitelstvo 3, 6-11 (In Russian).
22. Demchenko Y. G. (1871) About Supplying with Water Aral-Caspian Lowland for Improving Climate in the Adjacent Countries. Kiev (in Russian).
23. Ezekiel Water Project (2008) Tunnelling Design and Construction Methodologies. Available from Accessed 25 December 2009.
24. Freeman-Grenville G. S. P., Chapman R. L. III and Taylor J. E. (2003) Palestine in the fourth century. The Onomasticon of Eusebius of Caesarea, (Eusebius Onomasticon). Carta, Jerusalem.
25. Gavrieli I. (1997) Halite deposition in the Dead Sea: 1960-1993. In: The Dead Sea - The Lake and its Setting (eds T. Niemi, Z. Ben-Avraham and J. R. Gat), pp. 161-70. Oxford University Press, Oxford.
26. Gavrieli I., Oren A. (2004) The Dead Sea as a dying lake. In: Dying and Dead Seas. Climatic versus Anthropic Causes (eds J. C. J. Nihoul, P. O. Zavialov and P. P. Micklin), pp. 287-305. Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht.
27. Gavrieli I., Bein A., Oren A. (2005) The expected impact of the "Peace Conduit" project (the Red Sea - Dead Sea pipeline) on the Dead Sea. Mitig. Adapt. Strat. Global Change 10, 759-77.
28. Herzl T. (1902) Altneuland. Verlag Benjamin Harz, Berlin; English translation: Herzl, T. (1987) Old New Land (Altneuland). Translated by L. Levensohn. Markus Wiener Publishing, New York, and The Herzl Press, New York.
29. Husainova N. Z. (1960) Kultuks of Eastern coast of the Aral Sea and its life. Vestnik AN Kaz. SSR. 6, 34-42 (in Russian).
30. Jampoler A. C. A. (2005) Sailors in the Holy Land. The 1848 American Expedition to the Dead Sea and the Search for Sodom and Gomorrah. Naval Institute Press, Annapolis.
31. Kostianoy A. G., Zavialov P. O. (2004) What do we know about dead, dying and endangered lakes and seas? In: Dying and Dead Seas. Climatic versus Anthropic Causes (eds J. C. J. Nihoul, P. O. Zavialov and P. P. Micklin), pp. 1-48. Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht.
32. Kreiger B. (1997) The Dead Sea. Myth, History, and Politics, 2nd edn. Brandeis University Press, Hanover.
33. Létolle R., Mainguet M. (2003) Aral. Springer-Verlag, Paris.
34. Lim R. M. (1986) About acclimatization of flounder-gloss in the Aral Sea. In: Biologicheskie osnovy rybnogo khozyaistva vodoemov Sreney Azii i Kazakhstana, pp. 249-50. Ashhabad (in Russian).
35. Luynes (Honoré Théodore Paul Joseph D'Albert, duc De Luynes) (1871-1877) Voyage d'exploration à la Mer Morte, à Petra et sur la Rive Gauche du Jourdain. Oeuvre Posthume Publiée par ses Petits-fils sous la Direction de M. le Comte de Vogüé. Vol. I, II, III, and Atlas. Arthus Bertrand, Paris.
36. Lynch W. F. (1849) Narrative of the United States' Expedition to the River Jordan and the Dead Sea. Lea and Blanchard, Philadelphia.
37. Lynch W. F. (1852) Official Report of the United States' Expedition to Explore the Dead Sea and the River Jordan, by Lieut. W.F. Lynch U.S.N. John Murphy and Co., Baltimore.
38. Micklin P. (1988) Desiccation of the Aral Sea: A water management disaster in the Soviet Union. Science 241, 1170-6.
39. Micklin P. (2004) The Aral Sea crisis. In: Dying and Dead Seas. Climatic versus Anthropic Causes (eds J. C. J. Nihoul, P. O. Zavialov and P. P. Micklin), pp. 99-123. Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht.
40. Micklin P. (2007) The Aral Sea disaster. Ann. Rev. Earth Planet. Sci. 35, 47-72.
41. Micklin P., Aladin N. (2008) Reclaiming the Aral Sea. Sci. Am. 298, 64-71.
42. Molyneux T. (1848) Expedition to the Jordan and the Dead Sea. By Lieut. Molyneux, of H.M.S. Spartan. J. R. Geogr. Soc. 18, 104-30.
43. Ne'eman Y., Schul I. (1983) Israel's Dead Sea Project. Ann. Rev. Energy 8, 113-36.
44. Neev D., Emery K. O. (1967) The Dead Sea. Depositional Processes and Environments of Evaporites. Bulletin No. 41, State of Israel, Ministry of Development, Geological Survey, 147 p.
45. Niemi T., Ben-Avraham Z., Gat J. R. (eds) (1997) The Dead Sea - The Lake and its Setting. Oxford University Press, Oxford.
46. Nikolsky G. V. (1940) Fishes of the Aral Sea. Moscow, MOIP, pp. 83-111 (in Russian).
47. Pierce F. (2004) Russian revives epic river plan. New Sci. 181(2433), 8-9.
48. Ptolemaeus C. (1511) Claudii Ptolemaei Alexandrini Liber Geographiae cum Tabulis et Universali Figura et cum Additione Locorum quae a Recentoribus Reperta Sunt Dilicenti Cura Emendatus et Impressus. Venetiis: per Iacobum Pentium de Leucho.
49. Raz E. (1993) The Dead Sea Book. The Nature Protection Authority/Tamar Regional Council (In Hebrew).
50. Roberts D. (1843) The Holy Land, Syria, Idumea, Arabia, Egypt and Nubia. From Drawings Made on the Spot by David Roberts, R.A. With Historical Descriptions by the Revd. George Croly, L.L.D. Lithographed by Louis Haghe,Vol. II. F. G. Moon, London.
51. Salameh E., El-Naser H. (1999) Does the actual drop in the Dead Sea level reflect the development of water sources within its drainage basin? Acta Hydrochim. Hydrobiol. 27, 5-11.
52. Weiner D. (1985) The Dead Sea. Past, present, future. Interdisc. Sci. Rev. 10, 151-8.
53. Yechieli Y., Gavrieli I., Berkowitz B., Ronen D. (1998) Will the Dead Sea die? Geology 26, 755-8.
54. Zavialov P. O., Ni A. A., Kudyshkin T. V., Kurbaniyazov A. K., Dikarev S. N. (2009) Five years of field hydrographic research in the Large Aral Sea (2002-2006). J. Mar. Syst. 76, 263-71.