A review of Fennoscandian arthropods living on and in snow

European Journal of Entomology

Volumn 107, Issue 3, 2010, Pages 281-298

  Hågvar, Sigmund ^a  

^a NORWEGIAN UNIVERSITY OF LIFE SCIENCES   (Norway)

Author keywords

Adaptations; Araneae; Arthropods; Bolephthyphantes; Boreus; Chionea; Collembola; Diptera; Fennoscandia; Hypogastura; Intranivean; Mecoptera; Migration; Orientation; Review; Snow; Subnivean; Supranivean; Trichocera; Winter activity

Indexed keywords

ARTHROPOD; MIGRATORY BEHAVIOR; MORPHOLOGY; ORIENTATION BEHAVIOR; PHENOLOGY; PHYSIOLOGY; POPULATION ECOLOGY; SNOW COVER;

FINLAND; NORWAY; SWEDEN;

ACARI; ANIMALIA; ARANEAE; ARTHROPODA; BOREUS; CHIONEA; CHIRONOMIDAE; COLLEMBOLA; DIPTERA; HEXAPODA; HYPOGASTRURA NIVICOLA; INVERTEBRATA; LIMONIINAE; MECOPTERA; PLECOPTERA; TRICHOCERA;

EID: 77957869485     PISSN: 12105759     EISSN: 18028829     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.14411/eje.2010.037     Document Type: Review

References (89)

1. AAKRA K. 1998: Epigeic Spiders of the Island of Askøy, Western Norway. Cand. Scient. thesis, Zoological Museum, University of Bergen, 148 pp.
2. AITCHISON C.W. 2001: The effect of snow cover on small animals. In Jones H.G., Pomeroy J.W., Walker D.A. & Hoham R.W. (eds): Snow Ecology: An Interdisciplinary Examination of Snow-Covered Ecosystems. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, pp. 229-265.
3. BÄHRMANN R. 1996: Winteraktive Zweiflügler (Insecta, Diptera Brachycera) in Xerothermrasen Thüringens. Studia Dipt. (Saale) 3: 259-274.
4. BLOCK W. & ZETTEL J. 1980: Cold hardiness of some alpine Collembola. Ecol. Entomol. 5: 1-9.
5. BOUCHARD R.W. & FERRINGTON L.C. 2009: Winter growth, development, and emergence of Diamesa mendotae (Diptera: Chironomidae) in Minnesota streams. Environ. Entomol. 38: 250-259.
6. BRINCK P. 1949: Studies on Swedish stoneflies. Opusc. Entomol. (Suppl.) 11: 1-250.
7. BRUMMER-KORVENKONTIO M. & BRUMMER-KORVENKONTIO L.1980: Springtails (Collembola) on and in snow. Mem. Soc. Fauna Flora Fenn. 56: 91-94.
8. COOPER K.W. 1974: Sexual biology, chromosomes, development, life histories and parasites of Boreus, especially B. notoperates. A southern California Boreus II (Mecoptera, Boreidae). Psyche 81: 84-120.
9. COULIANOS C.-C. & JOHNELS A.G. 1962: Note on the subnivean environment of small mammals. Ark. Zool. (Ser. 2): 363-370.
10. COURTIN G.M., SHORTHOUSE J.D. & WEST R.J. 1984: Energy relations of the snow scorpionfly Boreus brumalis (Mecoptera) on the surface of the snow. Oikos 43: 241-245.
11. CZERNY L. 1927: Fam. 53a. Heleomyzidae. In Lindner E. (ed.): Die Fliegen der Palaearktischen Region. Vol. 5. E. Schweizerbart'sche Verlagsbuchhandlung, Stuttgart, pp. 1-46.
12. DAHL C. 1965: Studies on swarming activity in Trichoceridae (Diptera) in Southern Sweden. Opusc. Entomol. (Suppl.) 27: 1-68.
13. DAHL C. 1969: The influence of light, humidity and temperature on Trichoceridae (Diptera). Oikos 20: 409-430.
14. DAHL C. 1970: Distribution, phenology and adaptation to arctic environment in Trichoceridae (Diptera). Oikos 21: 185-202.
15. DAHL C. 1974: Winter gnats (Diptera, Nemat.: Trichoceridae) in the Messaure area. Norrbottens Läns Naturvårdsförbund 30: 52-54 [in Swedish, with English abstr.].
16. FAUNA EUROPAEA 2009: http://www.faunaeur.org/species_list.php
17. FJELLBERG A. 2007: The Collembola of Fennoscandia and Denmark. Part II: Entomobryomorpha and Symphypleona. Fauna Entomol. Scand. 42: 1-266.
18. FJELLBERG A. & GREVE L. 1968: Notes on the genus Boreus in Norway. Norsk Entomol. Tidsskr. 15: 33-34.
19. FRASER F.C. 1943: Ecological and biological notes on Boreus hyemalis (L.) (Mecopt., Boreidae). J. Soc. Br. Entomol. 2: 125-129.
20. GEIGER R. 1965: The Climate Near the Ground. Harvard University Press, Cambridge, MA, xiv + 611 pp.
21. HACKMAN W. 1963: Studies on the Dipterous fauna in burrows of voles (Microtus, Clethrionomys) in Finland. Acta Zool. Fenn. (Helsinki) 102: 1-64.
22. HÅGVAR S. 1971: Field observations on the ecology of a snow insect, Chionea araneoides Dalm. (Dipt., Tipulidae). Norsk Entomol. Tidsskr. 18: 33-37.
23. HÅGVAR S. 1973: Ecological studies on a winter-active spider Bolyphantes index (Thorell) (Araneida, Linyphiidae). Norsk Entomol. Tidsskr. 20: 309-314.
24. HÅGVAR S. 1976a: Phenology of egg development and egglaying in a winter-active insect, Chionea araneoides Dalm. (Dipt., Tipulidae). Norw. J. Entomol. 23: 193-195.
25. HÅGVAR S. 1976b: Winter-active insects enclosed by ice from supercooled rain. Norw. J. Entomol. 23: 204.
26. HÅGVAR S. 1995: Long distance, directional migration on snow in a forest collembolan, Hypogastrura socialis (Uzel). Acta Zool. Fenn. (Helsinki) 196: 200-205.
27. HÅGVAR S. 2000: Navigation and behaviour of four Collembola species migrating on the snow surface. Pedobiologia 44: 221-233.
28. HÅGVAR S. 2001: Occurrence and migration on snow, and phenology of egg-laying in the winter-active insect Boreus sp. (Mecoptera). Norw. J. Entomol. 48: 51-60.
29. HÅGVAR S. 2007: Why do some Psylloidea and Heteroptera occur regularly on snow? Norw. J. Entomol. 54: 3-9.
30. HÅGVAR S. & AAKRA K. 2006: Spiders active on snow in Southern Norway. Norw. J. Entomol. 53: 71-82.
31. HÅGVAR S. & FJELLBERG A. 2002: Autumn migration of a colony of Hypogastrura socialis (Uzel) (Collembola, Hypogastruridae). Norw. J. Entomol. 49: 145-146.
32. HÅGVAR S. & GREVE L. 2003: Winter active flies (Diptera, Brachycera) recorded on snow - a long-term study in south Norway. Studia Dipt. (Saale) 10: 401-421.
33. HÅGVAR E.B. & HÅGVAR S. 1975: Studies on the invertebrate fauna on branches of spruce (Picea abies (L.)) during winter. Norw. J. Entomol. 22: 23-30.
34. HÅGVAR S. & ØSTBYE E. 1973: Notes on some winter-active Chironomidae. Norsk Entomol. Tidsskr. 20: 253-257.
35. HÅGVAR S. & KRZEMINSKA E. 2007: Contribution to the winter phenology of Trichoceridae (Diptera) in snow-covered southern Norway. Studia Dipt. (Saale) 14: 271-283.
36. HERTER K. 1953: Der Temperatursinn der Insekten. Duncker & Humblot, Berlin, 378 pp.
37. HUHTA V. & VIRAMO J. 1979: Spiders active on snow in northern Finland. Ann. Zool. Fenn. 16: 169-176.
38. HUSBY J.A. & ZACHARIASSEN K.E. 1980: Antifreeze agents in the body fluid of winter active insects and spiders. Experientia 36: 963-964.
39. JONSSON B. & SANDLUND O.T. 1975: Notes on winter activity of two Diamesa species (Dipt., Chironomidae) from Voss, Norway. Norw. J. Entomol. 22: 1-6.
40. KOPONEN S. 1976: Spider fauna (Araneae) of Kevo area, northernmost Finland. Rep. Kevo Subarctic Res. Stat. 13: 48-62.
41. KOPONEN S. 1983: The arthropod fauna on the snow surface in Northern Lapland. Oulanka Reports 4: 58-61.
42. KOPONEN S. 1989: Spiders (Araneae) on snow surface in subarctic Lapland. Aquilo (Ser. Zool.) 24: 91-94.
43. KRZEMINSKA E. 2009: Trichoceridae (winter crane flies). In Brown B.V., Borkent A., Cumming J.M., Wood D.M., Woodley N.E. & Zumbado M. (eds): Manual of Central American Diptera. Vol. 1. NRC Research Press, Ottawa, pp. 337-340.
44. LAURENCE B.R. 1956: On the life history of Trichocera saltator (Harris) (Diptera, Trichoceridae). Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond. 126: 235-243.
45. LEINAAS H.P. 1980: Isotoma blekeni n. sp. (Collembola: Isotomidae) from coniferous forest in Norway. Ecological segregation of related, coexisting species. Rev. Ecol. Biol. Sol 17: 281-289.
46. LEINAAS H.P. 1981a: Activity of Arthropoda in snow within a coniferous forest, with special reference to Collembola. Holarct. Ecol. 4: 127-138.
47. LEINAAS H.P. 1981b: Cyclomorphosis in the furca of the winter active Collembola Hypogastrura socialis (Uzel). Entomol. Scand. 12: 35-38.
48. LEINAAS H.P. 1981c: Cyclomorphosis in Hypogastrura lapponica (Axelson, 1902) (= H. frigida (Axelson, 1905) syn. nov.) (Collembola, Poduridae). Morphological adaptations and selection for winter dispersal. Z. Zool. Syst. Evol.-Forsch. 19: 278-285.
49. LEINAAS H.P. 1983a: Surface Dwelling Collembola in Variable Environments. Demographic, Behavioural and Physiological Adaptations. PhD. thesis, Univ. of Oslo.
50. LEINAAS H.P. 1983b: Synchronized moulting controlled by communication in group-living Collembola. Science 219: 193-195.
51. LEINAAS H.P. 1983c: Winter strategy of surface dwelling Collembola. Pedobiologia 25: 235-240.
52. LEINAAS H.P. 1988: Anal sacks - an unknown organ in Poduromorpha (Collembola). Zool. Scr. 17: 277-284.
53. LEINAAS H.P. & FJELLBERG A. 1985: Habitat structure and life history strategies of two partly sympatric and closely related, lichen feeding collembolan species. Oikos 44: 448-458.
54. LILLEHAMMER A. 1971: The Stoneflies. In Frislid R. & SembJohansson A. (eds): Norges dyr IV: Virvelløse dyr. J.W. Cappelen, Oslo, pp. 226-230 [in Norwegian].
55. LILLEHAMMER A. 1988: Stoneflies (Plecoptera) of Fennoscandia and Denmark. Fauna Entomol. Scand. 21: 1-165.
56. MUNARI L., VANIN S. & TURCHETTO M. 1997: Lesser dung fly species collected in the nival horizon of the Dolomites (NE Italy) (Diptera: Sphaeroceridae). Boll. Soc. Entomol. Ital. 129: 251-255.
57. NÄSMARK O. 1964: Winter activity under the snow in land-living invertebrates. Zoologisk Revy 1: 5-15 [in Swedish, English abstr.].
58. NUORTEVA M. 1951: Observations on some winter-insects. Ann. Entomol. Fenn. 17: 117 [in Finnish, English abstr.).
59. OLIVER D.R. 1968: Adaptations of Arctic Chironomidae. Ann. Zool. Fenn. 5: 111-118.
60. OOSTERBROEK P. & REUSCH H. 2008: Review of the European species of the genus Chionea Dalman, 1816 (Diptera, Limoniidae). Braunschweig. Naturkd. Schr. 8(1): 173-220.
61. ØSTBYE E. 1963: A Study on the Ecology of Nival Carabids, Especially within the Genus Nebria Latr. Cand. Real. Thesis, University of Oslo, 99 pp. [in Norwegian].
62. ØSTBYE E. 1966: The spider which catches springtails in web during winter. Fauna (Oslo) 19: 43 [in Norwegian, English abstr.].
63. PAPP L. 1981: 54. Heleomyzidae. Fauna Hung. (Budapest) 149: 1-137.
64. PRUITT W.O. JR. 1970: Some ecological aspects of snow. In UNESCO (ed.): Ecology of the Subarctic Regions. Paris, pp. 83-100.
65. SAUER C.-P. 1966: Ein Eskimo unter den Insekten: Der Winterhaft Boreus westwoodi. Mikrokosmos 55: 117-120.
66. SKULBERG O.M. & SKULBERG V.M. 2003: Knowledge about mass occurrence/migration of Hypogastrura socialis (Collembola, Hypogastruridae) in Spydeberg, Østfold, Norway. Fauna (Oslo) 56: 20-31 [in Norwegian, English abstr.].
67. SØMME L. 1999: The physiology of cold hardiness in terrestrial arthropods. Eur. J. Entomol. 96: 1-10.
68. SØMME L. & ØSTBYE E. 1969: Cold-hardiness in some winter active insects. Norsk Entomol. Tidsskr. 16: 45-48.
69. STEINER P. 1937: Beitrag zur Fortpflanzungsbiologie und Morphologie des Genitalapparates von Boreus hiemalis L. Z. Morphol. Ökol. Tiere 32: 276-288.
70. SOSZYNSKA A. 2004: The influence of environmental factors on the supranivean activity of flies (Diptera) in Central Poland. Eur. J. Entomol. 101: 481-489.
71. STRÜBING H. 1950: Beiträge zur Biologie von Boreus hiemalis L. Zool. Beitr. N.F. I: 51-110.
72. SVENSSON S.A. 1966: Studies on the biology of certain winter active insects. Norsk Entomol. Tidsskr. 13: 335-338 [in Swedish].
73. SVENSSON S.A. 1972: Boreus Latreille, 1825 (Mecoptera). A synopsis of described species. Entomol. Scand. 3: 26-32.
74. TAHVONEN E. 1942: Beobachtungen über Winterinsekten. Ann. Entomol. Fenn. 8: 203-214.
75. ULFSTRAND S. 1968: Life cycles of benthic insects in Lapland streams (Ephemeroptera, Plecoptera, Trichoptera, Diptera Simuliidae). Oikos 19: 167-190.
76. VANIN S. 2008: Chionea (Chionea) mirabilis n. sp., a new species of snow fly (Insecta, Diptera, Limoniidae) from Korea. Zoosystema 30: 413-418.
77. VANIN S. & MASUTTI L. 2008: Studies on the distribution and ecology of snow flies Chionea lutescens and Chionea alpina (Diptera, Limoniidae) in Italy. Ital. J. Zool. 75: 147-153.
78. VANIN S. & TURCHETTO M. 2007: Winter activity of spiders and pseudoscorpions in the South-Eastern Alps (Italy). Ital. J. Zool. 74: 31-38.
79. VANIN S., BUBACCO L. & BELTRAMINI M. 2008: Seasonal variation of trehalose and glycerol concentrations in winter snowactive insects. CryoLetters 29: 485-491.
80. VIRAMO J. 1983a: Invertebrates active on snow in northern Finland. Oulanka Reports 3: 47-52.
81. VIRAMO J. 1983b: Invertebrates under the snow and in snow samples. Oulanka Reports 4: 62-65.
82. WILLASSEN E. 1985: A review of Diamesa davisi Edwards and the davisi group. Spixiana (Suppl.) 11: 109-137.
83. WITHYCOMBE C.L. 1922: On the life-history of Boreus hyemalis L. Trans. Entomol. Soc. Lond. 1921: 312-319.
84. WOJTUSIAK H. 1950: The temperature preferendum of winter insects of the genus Boreus (Panorpatae) and Chionea (Diptera). Bull. Ac. Pol. Sci. Lettr. (B) 11: 125-143.
85. ZERNECKE R. 1999: Streifenförmige Wanderzüge von Hypogastrura socialis (Uzel) (Collembola, Hypogastruridae). Mitt. Münch. Entomol. Ges. 89: 95-117.
86. ZETTEL J. 1984a: The significance of temperature and barometric pressure changes for the snow surface activity of Isotoma hiemalis (Collembola). Experientia 40: 1369-1372.
87. ZETTEL J.1984b: Cold hardiness strategies and thermal hysteresis in Collembola. Rev. Ecol. Biol. Sol 21: 189-203.
88. ZETTEL J. 1985: Die Cyclomorphose von Isotoma hiemalis (Collembola): Endogene Steuerung, phänologische und physiologische Aspekte. Zool. Jb. Syst. 112: 383-404.
89. ZETTEL J., ZETTEL U., SUTER C., STREICH S. & EGGER B. 2002: Winter feeding behaviour of Ceratophysella sigillata (Collembola: Hypogastruridae) and the significance of eversible vesicles for resource utilization. Pedobiologia 46: 404-413.