Ritualized fighting and biological armor: The impact mechanics of the mantis shrimp's telson

Journal of Experimental Biology

Volumn 213, Issue 20, 2010, Pages 3496-3504

  Taylor, J R A ^a,b   Patek, S N ^a,c  

^a UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA   (United States)

^b INDIANA UNIVERSITY PURDUE UNIVERSITY FORT WAYNE   (United States)

^c UNIVERSITY OF MASSACHUSETTS   (United States)

Author keywords

Coefficient of restitution; Impact; Mantis shrimp; Stomatopod

Indexed keywords

MINERAL;

AGGRESSION; ANIMAL; ANIMAL ANATOMY; ARTICLE; BIOMECHANICS; BODY WEIGHT; DECAPODA (CRUSTACEA); HISTOLOGY; INTEGUMENT; METABOLISM; MICRO-COMPUTED TOMOGRAPHY; PHYSIOLOGY;

AGGRESSION; ANIMAL STRUCTURES; ANIMALS; BIOMECHANICS; BODY WEIGHT; DECAPODA (CRUSTACEA); INTEGUMENTARY SYSTEM; MINERALS; X-RAY MICROTOMOGRAPHY;

ANIMALIA; DECAPODA (CRUSTACEA); HOPLOCARIDA; STOMATOPODA;

EID: 77957827741     PISSN: 00220949     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1242/jeb.047233     Document Type: Article

References (79)

1. Adair, R. K. (1995). The physics of baseball. Phys. Today 48 26-31.
2. Arakawa, K., Mada, T., Komatsu, H., Shimizu, T., Satou, M., Takehara, K. and Etoh, G. (2009). Dynamic deformation behavior of a golf ball during normal impact. Exp. Mech. 49 471-477.
3. Arnott, G. and Elwood, R. W. (2008). Information gathering and decision making about resource value in animal contests. Anim. Behav. 76, 529-542.
4. Arnott, G. and Elwood, R. W. (2009). Assessment of fighting ability in animal contests. Anim. Behav. 77, 991-1004.
5. Barnes, H., Read, R. and Topinka, J. A. (1970). The behaviour on impaction by solids of some common cirripedes and relation to their normal habitat. J. Exp. Mar. Biol. Ecol. 5 70-87.
6. Bayman, B. F. (1976). Model of the behaviour of solid objects during collision. Am. J. Phys. 44, 671-676.
7. Biewener, A. A. (2003). Animal Locomotion .Oxford: Oxford University Press.
8. Borrell, B. J. (2004). Mechanical properties of calcified exoskeleton from the neotropical millipede, Nyssodesmus python. J. Insect Physiol. 50, 1121-1126.
9. Brody, H. (1979). Physics of the tennis racket. Am. J. Phys. 47, 482-487.
10. Burgin, L. V. and Aspden, R. M. (2008). Impact testing to determine the mechanical properties of articular cartilage in isolation and on bone. J. Mater. Sci. 19 703-711.
11. Butler, R. W. and Kirbyson, J. W. (1979). Oyster predation by the black oystercatcher in British Columbia. Condor 81 , 433-435.
12. Caldwell, R. L. and Dingle, H. (1976). Stomatopods. Sci. Am. 234, 80-89.
13. Cantwell, W. J. and Morton, J. (1991). The impact resistance of composite materials-a review. Composites 22, 347-362.
14. Carlin, N. F. and Gladstein, D. S. (1989). The "bouncer" defense of Odontomachus runginodis and other odontomachine ants (Hymenoptera: Formicidae). Psyche 96, 1-19.
15. Cheeseman, B. A. and Bogetti, T. A. (2003). Ballistic impact into fabric and compliant composite laminates. Compos. Struct 61, 161-173.
16. Cross, R. (1999). The bounce of a ball. Am. J. Phys. 67 222-227.
17. Cross, R. (2000). The coefficient of restitution for collisions of happy balls, unhappy balls, and tennis balls. Am. J. Phys. 68, 1025-1031.
18. Currey, J. D. (1967). The failure of exoskeletons and endoskeletons. J. Morphol. 123, 1-16.
19. Currey, J. D. (1979). Changes in the impact energy absorption of bone with age. J. Biomech. 12, 459-469.
20. Currey, J. D., Nash, A. and Bonfield, W. (1982). Calcified cuticle in the stomatopod smashing limb. J. Mater. Sci. 17, 1939-1944.
21. Dikshit, S. N. and Sundararajan, G. (1992). Effect of clamping rigidity of the armour on ballistic performance. Defence Sci. J. 42, 117-120.
22. Goldsmith, W. (1952). The coefficient of restitution. Bull. Mech. Div. Am. Soc. Eng. Educ. 2, 10-13.
23. Goldsmith, W. (1960). Impact: the Theory and Physical Behaviour of Colliding Solids. London: Edward Arnold Ltd.
24. Gondret, P., Lance, M. and Petit, L. (2002). Bouncing motion of spherical particles in fluids. Phys. Fluids 14, 643-652.
25. Haake, S. J., Carre, M. J. and Goodwill, S. R. (2003). The dynamic impact characteristics of tennis balls with tennis rackets. J. Sports Sci. 21, 839-850.
26. Hahn, K. and LaBarbera, M. (1993). Failure of limb segments in the blue crab, Callinectes sapidus (Crustacea: Malacostraca). Comp. Biochem. Physiol. A 105, 735-739.
27. Hendee, S. P., Greenwald, R. M. and Crisco, J. J. (1998). Static and dynamic properties of various baseballs. J. Appl. Biomech. 14, 390-400.
28. Hepburn, H. R., Joffe, I., Green, N. and Nelson, K. J. (1975). Mechanical properties of a crab shell. Comp. Biochem. Physiol. A 50, 551-554.
29. Imre, B., Räbsamen, S. and Springman, S. M. (2008). A coefficient of restitution of rock materials. Comput. Geosci. 34, 339-350.
30. Jaslow, C. R. and Biewener, A. A. (1995). Strain patterns in the horncores, cranial bones and sutures of goats (Capra hircus) during impact loading. J. Zool. 235 193-210.
31. Jindal, V. K. and Mohsenin, N. N. (1978). Dynamic hardness determination of corn kernals from impact tests. J. Agr. Eng. Res. 23, 77-84.
32. Joffe, I., Hepburn, H. R., Nelson, K. J. and Green, N. (1975). Mechanical properties of a crustacean exoskeleton. Comp. Biochem. Physiol. A 50, 545-549.
33. Joseph, G. G., Zenit, R., Hunt, M. L. and Rosenwinkel, A. M. (2001). Particle-wall collisions in a viscous fluid. J. Fluid Mech. 433, 329-346.
34. Katz, S. L. and Gosline, J. M. (1992). Ontogenetic scaling and mechanical behaviour of the tibiae of the African desert locust (Schistocerca gregaria). J. Exp. Biol. 168 125-150.
35. Katz, S. L. and Gosline, J. M. (1993). Ontogenetic scaling of jump performance in the African desert locust (Schistocerca gregaria). J. Exp. Biol. 177, 81-111.
36. Katz, S. L. and Gosline, J. M. (1994). Scaling as a degree of freedom in the design of locust legs. J. Exp. Biol. 187, 207-223.
37. Kitchener, A. C. (1987). Fracture toughness of horns and a reinterpretation of the horning behaviour of bovids. J. Zool. 213, 621-639.
38. Kitchener, A. C. (1991). The evolution and mechanical design of horns and antlers Biomechanics in Evolution (ed. J. M. V. Rayner and R. J. Wootton). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
39. Lee, B. L., Walsh, T. F., Won, S. T., Patts, H. M., Song, J. W. and Mayer, A. H. (2001). Penetration failure mechanisms of armor-grade fiber composites under impact. J. Compos. Mater. 35 1605-1633.
40. Maynard Smith, J. (1974). The theory of games and the evolution of animal conflict. J. Theor. Biol. 47, 209-221.
41. Maynard Smith, J. (1976). Evolution and the theory of games. Am. Sci. 64, 41-45.
42. Maynard Smith, J. and Parker, G. (1967). The logic of asymmetric contests. Anim. Behav. 24, 159-175.
43. Maynard Smith, J. and Price, G. (1973). The logic of animal conflicts. Nature 246, 15-18.
44. McHenry, R. R. and McHenry, B. G. (1997). Effects of restitution in the application of crush coefficients. AE Paper 97-0960.
45. Nagurka, M. (2003). Aerodynamic effects in a dropped ping-pong ball experiment. Int. J. Eng. Educ. 19, 623-630.
46. Nathan, A. M. (2000). Dynamics of the baseball-bat collision. Am. J. Phys. 68, 979-990.
47. Nathan, A. M. (2003). Characterizing the performance of baseball bats. Am. J. Phys. 71 , 134-143.
48. Nathan, A. M., Russell, D. A. and Smith, L. V. (2004). The physics of the trampoline effect in baseball and softball bats. In The Engineering of Sport 5 Vol. 2 (ed. M. Hubbard, R. D. Mehta and J. M. Pallis), pp. 38-44. Sheffield, UK: International Sports Engineering Association.
49. Pang, W., Studman, C. J. and Ward, G. T. (1992). Bruising damage in apple-to-apple impact. J. Agr. Eng. Res. 52, 229-240.
50. Parker, G. (1974). Assessment strategy and the evolution of animal conflicts. J. Theor. Biol. 47, 223-243.
51. Patek, S. N. and Caldwell, R. L. (2005). Extreme impact and cavitation forces of a biological hammer: strike forces of the peacock mantis shrimp Odontodactylus scyllarus. J. Exp. Biol. 208 3655-3664.
52. Patek, S. N., Korff, W. L. and Caldwell, R. L. (2004). Deadly strike mechanism of a mantis shrimp. Nature 428, 819-820.
53. Patek, S. N., Baio, J. E., Fisher, B. F. and Suarez, A. V. (2006). Multifunctlonallty and mechanical origins: ballistic jaw propulsion in trap-jaw ants. Proc. Natl. Acadd. Sci. USA 103 12787-12792.
54. Patek, S. N., Nowroozi, B. N., Baio, J. E., Caldwell, R. L. and Summers, A. P. (2007). Linkage mechanics and power amplification of the mantis shrimp's strike. J. Exp. Biol. 210 3677-3688.
55. Pentcheff, N. D. (1991). Resistance to crushing from wave-borne debris in the barnacle Balanus glandula. Mar. Biol. 110, 399-408.
56. Qiao, P., Yang, M. and Bobaru, F. (2008). Impact mechanics and high-energy absorbing materials: Review. J. Aerosp. Eng. 21, 235-248.
57. Rajalingham, C. and Rakheja, S. (2000). Analysis of impact force variation during collision of two bodies using a single-degree-of-freedom system model. J. Sound Vib. 229 823-835.
58. Reaka, M. L. (1975). Molting in stomatopod crustaceans. I. Stages of the molt cycle, setagenesis, and morphology. J. Morphol. 146, 55-80.
59. Reilly, G. C. and Currey, J. D. (2000). The effects of damage and microcracking on the impact strength of bone. J. Biomech. 33, 337-343.
60. Ruiz, C. and Mines, R. A. W. (1985). The Hopkinson pressure bar: an alternative to the instrumented pendulum for charpy tests. Int. J. Fract. 29, 101-109.
61. Ruiz-Angulo, A. and Hunt, M. L. (2010). Measurements of the coefficient of restitution for particle collisions with ductile surfaces in a liquid. Granul. Matter 12 185-191.
62. Seifried, R., Schiehlen, W. and Eberhard, P. (2005). Numerical and experimental evaluation of the coefficient of restitution for repeated impacts. Int. J. Impact Eng. 32 508-524.
63. Shanks, A. L. and Wright, W. G. (1986). Adding teeth to wave action: the destructive effects of wave-borne rocks on intertidal organisms. Oecologia 69 420-428.
64. Shenoy, M. M., Smith, L. V. and Axtell, J. T. (2001). Performance assessment of wood, metal and composite baseball bats. Compos. Struct. 52, 397-404.
65. Sneddon, L. U., Huntingford, F. A. and Taylor, A. C. (1997). Weapon size versus body size as a predictor of winning fights between shore crabs, Carcinus maenas (L.). Behav. Ecol. Sociobiol. 41, 237-242.
66. Snyder, N. F. R. and Snyder, H. A. (1969). A comparative study of mollusc predation by limpkins, Everglade kites, and boat-tailed grackles. Living Bird 8, 177-223.
67. Steger, R. and Caldwell, R. L. (1983). Intraspecific deception by bluffing: a defense strategy of newly molted stomatopods (Arthropoda: Crustacea). Science 221 558-560.
68. Strathmann, R. R. (1981). The role of spines in preventing structural damage to echinoid tests. Paleobiol. 7, 400-406.
69. Stronge, W. J. (2000). Impact Mechanics. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
70. Tabiei, A. and Nilakantan, G. (2008). Ballistic impact of dry woven fabric composites: a review. Appl. Mech. Rev. 61, 0108011-01080113.
71. Tabor, D. (1948). A simple theory of static and dynamic hardness. Proc. R. Soc. Lond. A Math. Phys. Sci. 192, 247-274.
72. Taylor, J. R. A. and Kier, W. M. (2003). Switching skeletons: hydrostatic support in molting crabs. Science 301, 209-210.
73. Taylor, J. R. A. and Kier, W. M. (2006). A pneumo-hydrostatic skeleton in land crabs. Nature 440, 1005.
74. Taylor, J. R. A., Hebrank, J. and Kier, W. M. (2007). Mechanical properties of the rigid and hydrostatic skeletons of molting blue crabs, Callinectes sapidus Rathbun. J. Exp. Biol. 210, 4272-4278.
75. Tirupataiah, Y., Venkataraman, B. and Sundararajan, G. (1990). The nature of the elastic rebound of a hard ball impacting on ductile, metallic target materials. Mater. Sci. Eng. A124 133-140.
76. Turmel, D. and Locat, J. (2007). Underwater rockfall kinematics: a preliminary analysis. In Submarine Mass Movements and Their Consequences (ed. V. Lykousis, D. Sakellariou and J. Locat), pp. 139-147. Dordrecht: Springer.
77. Wainwright, S. A., Biggs, W. D., Currey, J. D. and Gosline, J. M. (1976). Mechanical Design in Organisms. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.
78. Wainwright, S. A., Taylor, C. R., Johansen, K. and Bolis, L. (1982). Structural systems: hydrostats and frameworks. In A Companion to Animal Physiology(ed. C. R. Taylor, K. Johansen and L. Bolis), pp. 325-338. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
79. Zack, T. I., Claverie, T. and Patek, S. N. (2009). Elastic energy storage in the mantis shrimp's fast predatory strike. J. Exp. Biol. 212, 4002-4009.