Detecting excess ionizing radiation by electromagnetic breakdown of air

Journal of Applied Physics

Volumn 108, Issue 6, 2010, Pages

  Granatstein, Victor L ^a   Nusinovich, Gregory S ^a  

^a University of Maryland   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

AMBIENT AIR; ATMOSPHERIC AIR; AVALANCHE BREAKDOWN; BREAKDOWN FIELD; ELECTROMAGNETIC SOURCES; FREE ELECTRON; GYROTRON OSCILLATORS; LAG-TIME; NATURALLY OCCURRING; OUTPUT PULSE; PULSE DURATIONS; SYSTEM-BASED; WAVELENGTH RANGES;

ELECTRIC FIELDS; ELECTROMAGNETIC WAVE DIFFRACTION; ELECTROMAGNETIC WAVE SCATTERING; ELECTROMAGNETIC WAVES; GYROTRONS; IONIZING RADIATION; MAGNETIC MATERIALS; RADIATION SHIELDING; RADIOACTIVITY;

ELECTROMAGNETISM;

EID: 77957734510     PISSN: 00218979     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1063/1.3484044     Document Type: Article

References (16)

1. N. Gopalsami, H. T. Chien, A. Heifetz, E. R. Koehl, and A. C. Raptis, Rev. Sci. Instrum. RSINAK 0034-6748 80, 084702 (2009). 10.1063/1.3206114
2. R. Paschotta, "Laser induced breakdown" in Encyclopedia of Laser Physics and Technology, http://www.rp-photonics.com/laser -induced-breakdown.html
3. P. Woskoboinikow, W. J. Mulligan, H. C. Praddaude, and D. R. Cohn, Appl. Phys. Lett. APPLAB 0003-6951 32, 527 (1978). 10.1063/1.90116
4. G. Nusinovich, V. Granatstein, T. Antonsen, Jr., R. Pu, O. Sinitsyn, J. Rodgers, A. Mohamed, J. Silverman, M. Al-Sheikhly, and Y. Dimant, IEEE International Vacuum Electronics Conference, Monterey, CA, May 18-20, 2010, IVEC 2010 Book of Abstracts (IEEE cat. no. CFP10VAM-ART), pp. 197-198.
5. A. D. McDonald, Microwave Breakdown in Gases (Wiley, New York, 1966), p. 162.
6. A. V. Gurevich, N. D. Borisov, and G. M. Milikh, Artificially Ionized Regions in the Atmosphere (Gordon and Breach, Reading, England, 1997).
7. G. S. Nusinovich, G. M. Milikh, and B. Levush, J. Appl. Phys. JAPIAU 0021-8979 80, 4189 (1996). 10.1063/1.363559
8. K. Tsang, K. Papadopoupos, A. Drobot, P. Vitello, T. Wallace, and R. Shanny, Radio Sci. RASCAD 0048-6604 26, 1345 (1991). 10.1029/91RS00580
9. K. Papadopoulos, G. M. Milikh, A. V. Gurevich, A. Drobot, and R. Shanny, J. Geophys. Res. JGREA2 0148-0227 98, 17,593 (1993). 10.1029/93JA00795
10. M. Messaad and M. Tioursi, Turkish Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences 11, 169 (2003).
11. A. Yariv, Quantum Electronics (Wiley, New York, 1975).
12. W. Lawson, R. L. Ives, M. Mizuhara, J. M. Nelson, and M. E. Read, IEEE Trans. Plasma Sci. ITPSBD 0093-3813 29, 545 (2001). This amplifier has been designed for an output power of 10 MW and has been constructed; it is awaiting high voltage testing. We estimate an output power of only 1.5 MW since the output power achieved in a previous second harmonic GKL was 32 MW at 19.7 GHz (Ref.) and peak power scaling as f-2 is assumed. 10.1109/27.928954 (Pubitemid 32650835)
13. V. Granatstein and W. Lawson, IEEE Trans. Plasma Sci. ITPSBD 0093-3813 24, 648 (1996). 10.1109/27.532948
14. G. Nusinovich, R. Pu, T. Antonsen, Jr., O. Sinisyn, J. Rodgers, A. Mohamed, J. Silverman, M. Al-Sheikhly, Y. Dimant, G. Milikh, M. Y. Glyavin, A. Luchinin, E. Kopelovich, and V. Granatstein, " Development of THz-range gyrotrons for detection of concealed radioactive materials.," Int. J. Infrared Millim. Waves IJIWDO 0195-9271 (to be published), special issue on gyrotrons. The gyrotron oscillator described in Refs. has design output power of 300 kW and efficiency about 30%; this power and efficiency are a factor of 3 above those achieved in gyrotron oscillator experiments described in Ref.. An experimental program to realize the enhanced performance is underway at the University of Maryland. In the present paper, an output power of 200 kW is assumed.
15. V. A. Flyagin, A. G. Luchinin, and G. S. Nusinovich, Int. J. Infrared Millim. Waves IJIWDO 0195-9271 4, 629 (1983). 10.1007/BF01009400
16. M. V. Ivashchenko, A. I. Karapuzikov, A. N. Malov, and I. V. Sherstov, Instrum. Exp. Tech. INETAK 0020-4412 43, 119 (2000). 10.1007/BF02759013