Earthquake fault scaling: Self-consistent relating of rupture length, width, average displacement, and moment release

Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America

Volumn 100, Issue 5 A, 2010, Pages 1971-1988

  Leonard, Mark ^a  

^a GEOSCIENCE AUSTRALIA   (Australia)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EARTHQUAKE FAULT; EMPIRICAL DATA; FAULT RUPTURES; PER UNIT; POWER LAW; RUPTURE AREAS; RUPTURE LENGTH; SCALING RELATIONS; SEISMIC MOMENT; SELF-CONSISTENT EQUATIONS; STATIC STRESS; STRIKE-SLIP EARTHQUAKES; TECTONIC SETTINGS;

ASPECT RATIO; TECTONICS;

EARTHQUAKES;

DIP-SLIP FAULT; DISPLACEMENT; EARTHQUAKE MAGNITUDE; EARTHQUAKE RUPTURE; SEISMIC MOMENT; TECTONIC SETTING;

EID: 77957725835     PISSN: 00371106     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1785/0120090189     Document Type: Article

References (63)

1. Abe, K. (1975). Reliable estimation of the seismic moment of large earthquakes, J. Phys. Earth 23, 381-390.
2. Abercrombie, R., and P. Leary (1993). Source parameters of small earthquakes recorded at 2.5 km depth, Cajon Pass, Southern California: Implications for earthquake scaling, Geophys. Res. Lett. 20, no. 14, 1511-1514.
3. Akaike, H. (1974). A new look at the statistical model identification, IEEE Trans. Auto. Contr., AC19, 716-723.
4. Aki, K. (1966). Generation and Propagation of G Waves from the Niigata Earthquake of June 16, 1964: Part 1. A statistical analysis, Bull. Earthquake Res. Inst. 44, 23-72.
5. Aki, K. (1972). Earthquake Mechanism, in A. R. Ritdema (Editor), The Upper Mantle, Tectonophysics 13, no. 1-4, 423-446.
6. Albini, F. A. (1981). A model for the wind-blown flame from a line of fire, Combust. Flame 43, 155-174.
7. Atkinson, G., and I. Beresnev (1997). Do not call it stress drop, Seism. Res. Lett. 68.
8. Atkinson, G., and D. Boore (2006). Ground motion prediction equations for earthquakes in eastern North America, Bull. Seismol. Soc. Am. 96, 2181-2205.
9. Bodin, P., and J. N. Brune (1996). On the scaling of slip with rupture length for shallow strike-slip earthquakes: Quasistatic models and dynamic rupture propagation, Bull. Seismol. Soc. Am. 86, 1292.
10. Boore, D. (1983). Stochastic simulation of high-frequency ground motions based on seismological models of the radiated spectra, Bull. Seismol. Soc. Am. 73, 1865-1894.
11. Brune, J. N. (1970). Tectonic stress and the spectra of seismic shear waves from earthquakes, J. Geophys. Res. 75, 4997-5009.
12. Brune, J. N. (1971). Correction, J. Geophys. Res. 76, 5002.
13. Chinnery, M. A. (1969). Earthquake magnitude and source parameters, Bull. Seismol. Soc. Am. 59, no. 5, 1969-1982.
14. w 9.15 Sumatra-Andaman earthquake of 2004, Bull. Seismol. Soc. Am. 97, S152-S173.
15. Ellsworth, W. (2003). Appendix D-Magnitude and area data for strike slip earthquakes, in Working Group on California Earthquake Probabilities, Earthquake probabilities in the San Francisco Bay region-2002-2031, U.S. Geol. Survey Open-File Rept. 03-214,6p.
16. w 8.6 Nias Island great earthquakes, Bull. Seismol. Soc. Am. 97, S43-s61.
17. Fujii, Y., and K. Satake (2007). Tsunami source of the 2004 Sumatra-Andaman earthquake inferred from tide gauge and satellite data, Bull. Seismol. Soc. Am. 97, S192-S207.
18. Geller, R. J. (1976). Scaling relations for earthquake source parameters and magnitudes, Bull. Seismol. Soc. Am. 66, no. 5, 1501-1523.
19. Hanks, T. C. (1977). Earthquake stress drops, ambient tectonic stress and stresses that drive plate motions, Pure Appl. Geophys. 115, 441-458.
20. Hanks, T. C., and W. H. Bakun (2002). A bilinear source-scaling model for M - log a observations of continental earthquakes, Bull. Seismol. Soc. Am. 92, no. 5, 1841-1846.
21. Hanks, T. C., and W. H. Bakun (2008). M - log A Observations for recent large earthquakes, Bull. Seismol. Soc. Am. 98, no. 1, 490-494.
22. Hanks, T. C., and H. Kanamori (1979). A moment magnitude scale, J. Geophys. Res. 84, no. B5, 2348-2350.
23. Henry, C., and S. Das (2001). Aftershock zones of large shallow earthquakes: Fault dimensions, aftershock area expansion and scaling relations, Geophys. J. Int. 147, 272-293.
24. Ide, S., and G. Beroza (2001). Does apparent stress vary with earthquake size? Geophys. Res. Lett. 28, no. 17, 3349-3352.
25. Johnston, A. C. (1994). Seismotectonic interpretations and conclusions from the stable continental region seismicity database, in The Earthquake of Stable Continental Regions. Volume 1: Assessment of Large Earthquake Potential, A. C. Johnston, K. J. Coppersmith, L. R. Kanter, and C. A. Cornell (Editors), Electric Power Research Institute.
26. Kanamori, H. (1977). The energy release in great earthquakes, J. Geophys. Res. 82, no. 20, 2981-2987.
27. Kanamori, H., and D. L. Anderson (1975). Theoretical basis of some empirical relations in seismology, Bull. Seismol. Soc. Am 65, no. 5, 1073-1095.
28. King, G. C. P., and S. G. Wesnousky (2007). Scaling of fault parameters for continental strike-slip earthquakes, Bull. Seismol. Soc. Am. 97, no. 6, 1833-1840.
29. Liu-Zeng, J., T. Heaton, and C. DiCaprio (2005). The effect of slip variability on earthquake slip-length scaling, Geophys. J. Int. 162, 841-849.
30. Madariaga, R. (1978). The dynamic field of Haskell's rectangular dislocation fault model, Bull. Seismol. Soc. Am. 68, 869-887.
31. Mai, P. M., and G. Beroza (2000). Source scaling properties from finite-fault rupture models, Bull. Seismol. Soc. Am. 90, 604-615.
32. Manighetti, I., M. Campillo, S. Bouley, and F. Cotton (2007). Earthquake scaling, fault segmentation, and structural maturity, Earth Planet. Sci. Lett. 253, no. 3-4, 429-438.
33. Pegler, G., and S. Das (1996). Analysis of the relationship between seismic moment and fault length for large ctrustal strike-slip earthquakes between 1977-1992, Geophys. Res. Lett. 23, 905-908.
34. Peitgen, H., H. Jurgens, and D. Saupe (1992). Chaos and Fractals: New Frontiers of Science, Springer-Verlang.
35. Rhie, J., D. Dreger, R. Burgmann, and B. Romanowicz (2007). Slip of the 2004 Sumatra-Andaman earthquake from joint inversion of long-period global seismic waveforms and GPS static offsets, Bull. Seismol. Soc. Am. 97, S115-S127.
36. Riedo, E., I. Palaci, C. Boragno, and H. Brune (2004). The 2/3 Power law dependence of capillary force on normal load in nanoscopic friction, J. Phys. Chem. 108, no. 17, 5324-5328.
37. Romanowicz, B. (1992). Strike-slip earthquakes on quasi-vertical transcur-rent faults: Inferences for general scaling relations, Geophys. Res. Lett. 19, 481-484.
38. Romanowicz, B. (1994). Comment on A Reappraisal of Large Earthquake Scaling by C. Scholz, Bull. Seismol. Soc. Am. 84, 1675-1676.
39. Romanowicz, B., and L. J. Ruff (2002). On moment-length scaling of large strike slip earthquakes and the strength of faults, Geophys. Res. Lett. 29, 12.
40. Romanowicz, B., and J. B. Rundle (1993). On scaling relations for large earthquakes, Bull. Seismol. Soc. Am. 83, no. 4, 1294-1297.
41. Sato, R. (1972). Stress drop for a finite fault, J. Phys. Earth 20, 397-407.
42. Scholz, C. (1982). Scaling laws for large earthquakes: Consequences for physical models, Bull. Seismol. Soc. Am. 72, no. 1, 1-146.
43. Scholz, C. H. (1994a). A reappraisal of large earthquake scaling, Bull. Seismol. Soc. Am. 84, 215-218.
44. Scholz, C. H. (1994b). Reply to comments on A reappraisal of large earthquake scaling, Bull. Seismol. Soc. Am. 84, no. 5, 1677-1678.
45. Scholz, C. H. (1997). Size distributions for large and small earthquakes, Bull. Seismol. Soc. Am. 87, no. 4, 1074-1077.
46. Scholz, C. H. (1998). A further note on earthquake size distributions, Bull. Seismol. Soc. Am. 88, no. 5, 1325-1326.
47. Scholz, C. H. (2002). The Mechanics of Earthquakes and Faulting, Second Ed., Cambridge University Press, New York.
48. Scholz, C. H., C. A. Aviles, and S. G. Wesnousky (1986). Scaling differences between large interplate and intraplate earthquakes, Bull. Seismol. Soc. Am. 76, no. 1, 65-70.
49. Shaw, B. E. (2009). Constant stress drop from small to great earthquakes in magnitude-area scaling, Bull. Seismol. Soc. Am. 99, no. 2A,871 -875.
50. Shaw, B. E., and C. H. Scholz (2001). Slip-length scaling in large earthquakes: Observations and theory and implications for earthquake physics, Geophys. Res. Lett. 28, no. 15, 2995-2998.
51. Shaw, B. E., and S. G. Wesnousky (2008). Slip-length scaling in large earthquakes: The role of deep-penetrating slip below the seismogenic layer, Bull. Seismol. Soc. Am. 98, no. 4, 1633-1641.
52. Somerville, P. G., N. Collins, N. Abrahamson, R. Graves, and C. Saikia (2001). Earthquake source scaling and ground motion attenuation relations for the central and eastern United States, Final Report to the U.S. Geological Survey, Contract No. 99HQGR0098.
53. Somerville, P., N. Collins, and R. Graves (2006). Magnitude-rupture area scaling of large strike-slip earthquakes, Final Report to U.S. Geological Survey, Grant No. 05HQGR0004.
54. Somerville, P., K. Irikura, R. Graves, S. Sawada, D. Wald, N. Abrahamson, Y. Iwasaki, T. Kagawa, N. Smith, and A. Kowada (1999). Characterizing crustal earthquake slip models for the prediction of strong ground motion, Seism. Res. Lett. 70, 59-80.
55. Somerville, P. G., J. P. McLarern, L. V. LeFevre, R. W. Burger, and D. V. Helmberger (1987). Comparison of source scaling relations of eastern and western North American earthquakes, Bull. Seismol. Soc. Am. 77, no. 2, 322-343.
56. Stirling, M., D. Rhoades, and K. Berryman (2002). Comparison of earthquake scaling relations derived from data of the instrumental and preinstrumental era, Bull. Seismol. Soc. Am. 92, no. 2, 812-830.
57. Thatcher, W., and T. C. Hanks (1973). Source parameters of southern California earthquakes, J. Geophys. Res. 78, 8547-8576.
58. Vallée, M. (2007). Rupture properties of the giant Sumatra earthquake imaged by empirical Green' s function analysis, Bull. Seismol. Soc. Am. 97, S103-S114.
59. Wells, D. L., and K. J. Coppersmith (1994). New empirical relationships among magnitude, rupture length, rupture width, rupture area, and surface displacement, Bull. Seismol. Soc. Am. 84, no. 4, 974-1002.
60. Wessel, P., and W. H. F. Smith (1998). New, improved version ofthe Generic Mapping Tools Released, Eos Trans. AGU 79, 579.
61. White, C. R., and R. S. Seymour (2003). Mammalian basal metabolic rate is proportional to body mass 2/3, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 100, 4046-4049.
62. Working Group on California Earthquake Probabilities (WGCEP) (2003). Earthquake probabilities in the San Francisco Bay region: 2002 to 2031, U.S. Geol. Surv. Open-File Rept. 2003-214.
63. Working Group on California Earthquake Probabilities (WGCEP) (2007). The uniform California earthquake rupture forecast, version 2, U.S. Geol. Surv. Open-File Rept. 2007-1437.