Cognitive behavior therapy for schizophrenia and psychosis: Current status and future directions

Clinical Schizophrenia and Related Psychoses

Volumn 4, Issue 3, 2010, Pages 176-184

  Tarrier, Nicholas ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF MANCHESTER   (United Kingdom)

Author keywords

Cognitive behavior therapy; Psychological treatment; Psychosis; Schizophrenia

Indexed keywords

ALCOHOL ABUSE; ANXIETY; BEHAVIOR THERAPY; CLINICAL PRACTICE; CLINICAL RESEARCH; CLINICAL TRIAL; COGNITIVE THERAPY; COMORBIDITY; DATA ANALYSIS; DISEASE COURSE; HUMAN; METHODOLOGY; OUTCOME ASSESSMENT; POSTTRAUMATIC STRESS DISORDER; PSYCHOSIS; PSYCHOTRAUMA; REVIEW; RISK ASSESSMENT; SCHIZOPHRENIA; SELF ESTEEM; SUBSTANCE ABUSE; SUICIDAL BEHAVIOR; THEORETICAL MODEL;

COGNITIVE THERAPY; FORECASTING; HUMANS; PSYCHOTIC DISORDERS; SCHIZOPHRENIA;

EID: 77957654457     PISSN: 19351232     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.3371/CSRP.4.3.4     Document Type: Review

References (77)

1. Roth A, Fonagy P. What works for whom? A critical review of psychotherapy research. 2nd ed. New York: Guilford Press; 2005.
2. Tarrier N, editor. Case formulation in cognitive behaviour therapy: the treatment of challenging and complex clinical cases. London: Routledge; 2006.
3. Kane J. Treatment resistant schizophrenic patients. J Clin Psychiatry 1996;57(Suppl 9):35-40.
4. Tarrier N. Cognitive-behavior therapy for schizophrenia and psychotic disorders. In: Barlow DH, editor. Clinical handbook of psychological disorders: A step-by-step treatment manual. 4th ed. New York: Guilford Press; 2007.
5. Buchanan A. Compliance and treatment in schizophrenia. Maudsley Monograph No. 37. Hove (UK): Psychological Press; 1996.
6. Mueser KT, Berenbaum H. Psychodynamic treatment of schizophrenia: Is there a future? Psychol Med 1990;20(2):253-262.
7. Morrison AP. A casebook of cognitive therapy for psychosis. Hove (UK): Brunner-Routledge; 2002.
8. Beck AT. Successful out-patient psychotherapy of a chronic schizophrenic with a delusion based on borrowed guilt. Psychiatry 1952;15(3):205-212.
9. Liberman RP, Teigen J, Patterson R, Baker V. Reducing delusional speech in chronic paranoid schizophrenics. J Appl Behav Anal 1973;6(1):57-64.
10. Tarrier N. An investigation of residual psychotic symptoms in discharged schizophrenic patients. Br J Clin Psychol 1987;26(Pt 2):141-143. (Pubitemid 17118053)
11. Garety PA, Kuipers E , Fowler D, Freeman D, Bebbington PE. A cognitive model of the positive symptoms of psychosis. Psychol Med 2001;31(2):189-195. (Pubitemid 32166387)
12. Garety PA, Bebbington P, Fowler D, Freeman D, Kuipers E. Implications for neurobiological research of cognitive models of psychosis: a theoretical paper. Psychol Med 2007;37(10):1377-1391. (Pubitemid 47581413)
13. Morrison AP. The interpretation of intrusions in psychosis: an integrative cognitive approach to delusions and hallucinations. Behavioural and Cognitive Psychotherapy 2001;29:257-276.
14. Tarrier N. A cognitive-behavioural case formulation approach to the treatment of schizophrenia. In: Tarrier N, editor. Case formulation in cognitive behavior therapy: the treatment of challenging and complex cases. New York: Routledge; 2006. p.167-187.
15. Morrison AP, Haddock G, Tarrier N. Intrusive thoughts and the positive symptoms of schizophrenia: a cognitive approach. Behaviour and Cognitive Psychotherapy 1995;23:265-280.
16. Tarrier N. Modification and management of residual psychotic symptoms. In: Birchwood M, Tarrier N, editors. Psychological approaches to schizophrenia: innovations in assessment. Treatment and services. Chichester (UK): John Wiley & Sons; 1992.
17. Gould RA, Mueser KT, Bolton E, Mays V, Goff D. Cognitive therapy for psychosis in schizophrenia: an effect size analysis. Schizophr Res 2001;48(2-3):335-342. (Pubitemid 32274327)
18. Rector NA, Beck AT. Cognitive behavioral therapy for schizophrenia: an empirical review. J Nerv Ment Dis 2001;189(5):278-287. (Pubitemid 32448649)
19. Pfammatter M, Junghan UM, Brenner HD. Efficacy of psychological therapy in schizophrenia: conclusions from meta-analyses. Schizophr Bull 2006;32(Suppl 1):S64-80.
20. Pilling S, Bebbington P, Kuipers E, Garety P, Geddes J, Orbach G, et al. Psychological treatments in schizophrenia: I. Meta-analysis of family intervention and cognitive behaviour therapy. Psychol Med 2002;32(5):763-782.
21. Tarrier N, Wykes T. Is there evidence that cognitive behaviour therapy is an effective treatment for schizophrenia? A cautious or cautionary tale? Behav Res Ther 2004;42(12):1377-1401.
22. Zimmermann G, Favrod J, Trieu VH, Pomini V. The effect of cognitive behavioural treatment on schizophrenia spectrum disorders: a meta-analysis. Schizophr Res 2005;77(1):1-9. (Pubitemid 40957056)
23. Wykes T, Steel C, Everitt B, Tarrier N. Cognitive behaviour therapy (CBTp) for schizophrenia: effect sizes, clinical models and methodological rigor. Schizophr Bull 2008;34(3):523-537.
24. Tarrier N, Barrowclough C, Andrews B, Gregg L. Suicide risk in recent onset schizophrenia: the influence of clinical, social, self-esteem and demographic factors. Social Psychiatry and Psychiatric Epidemiology 2004;39:927-937.
25. Tarrier N. What can be learnt from clinical trials? A reply to Devilly and Foa. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology 2001;69:117-118.
26. Tarrier N, Wykes T. Cognitive-behavioural treatments of psychosis: clinical trials and methodological issues in clinical psychology. In: Day S, Green S, Machin D, editors. Textbook of clinical trials. Chichester (UK): John Wiley & Sons; 2004.
27. Wykes T, Tarrier N, Lewis S. Innovation and outcome in psychological treatment for schizophrenia: the way ahead. In: Wykes T, Lewis S, Tarrier N, editors. Outcome and innovation in psychological treatment of schizophrenia. Chichester (UK): John Wiley & Sons; 1998.
28. Garety PA, Fowler DG, Freeman D, Bebbington P, Dunn G, Kuipers E. Cognitive behaviour therapy and family intervention for relapse prevention and symptom reduction in psychosis: randomised controlled trial. Br J Psychiatry 2008;192(6):412-423. (Pubitemid 351809893)
29. Marshall M, Lockwood A, Bradley C, Adams C, Joy C, Fenton M. Unpublished rating scales; a major source of bias in randomised controlled trials of schizophrenia. Br J Psychiatry 2000;176:249-252. (Pubitemid 30179844)
30. Moher D, Pham B, Jones A, Cook DJ, Jadad AR, Moher M, et al. Does quality of reports of randomised trials affect estimates of intervention efficacy reported in meta-analyses? Lancet 1998;352(9128):609-613.
31. Schulz KF, Chalmers I, Hayes RJ, Altman DG. Empirical evidence of bias. Dimensions of methodological quality associated with estimates of treatment effect in controlled trials. JAMA 1995;273(5):408-412.
32. Tarrier N. Co-morbidity and associated clinical problem in schizophrenia: their nature and implications for comprehensive cognitive-behavioural treatment. Behaviour Change 2005;22:125-142. (Pubitemid 41535985)
33. Gumley A, O'Grady M, McNay L, Reilly J, Power K, Norrie J. Early intervention for relapse in schizophrenia: results of a 12-month randomized controlled trial of cognitive behaviour therapy. Psychol Med 2003;33(3):419-431. (Pubitemid 36442785)
34. Rollinson R, Haig C, Warner R, Garety P, Kuipers E, Freeman D, et al. The application of cognitive-behavioral therapy for psychosis in clinical and research settings. Psychiatr Serv 2007;58(10):1207-1302.
35. Drury V, Birchwood M, Cochrane R, Macmillan F. Cognitive therapy and recovery from acute psychosis: a controlled trial. I. Impact on psychotic symptoms. Br J Psychiatry 1996;169(5):593-601.
36. Drury V, Birchwood M, Cochrane R, Macmillan F. Cognitive therapy and recovery from acute psychosis: a controlled trial. II. Impact on recovery time. Br J Psychiatry 1996;169(5):602-607. (Pubitemid 26373162)
37. Haddock G, Tarrier N, Morrison AP, Hopkins R, Drake R, Lewis S. A pilot study evaluating the effectiveness of individual inpatient cognitive-behavioural therapy in early psychosis. Soc Psychiatry Psychiatr Epidemiol 1999;34(5):254-258. (Pubitemid 29265479)
38. Lewis S, Tarrier N, Haddock G, Bentall R, Kinderman P, Kingdon D, et al. Randomised controlled trial of cognitive-behaviour therapy in early schizophrenia: acute phase outcomes. Br J Psychiatry Suppl 2002;43:91-97.
39. Tarrier N, Lewis S, Haddock G, Bentall R, Drake R, Dunn G, Kinderman P, et al. Cognitive-behaviour therapy in first episode and early schizophrenia. 18-month follow-up of a randomised, controlled clinical trial. Br J Psychiatry 2004;184:231-239. (Pubitemid 38333762)
40. Morrison AP, French P, Walford L, Lewis SW, Kilcommons A, Green J, et al. Cognitive therapy for the prevention of psychosis in people at ultra-high risk: randomised controlled trial. Br J Psychiatry 2004;185:291-297. (Pubitemid 39331330)
41. Bleuler F. Dementia praecox or the group of schizophrenias. Translated by J. Zinkin. New York: International University Press; 1911.
42. Caldwell CB, Gottesman II. Schizophrenics kill themselves too: a review of risk factors for suicide. Schizophr Bull 1990;16(4):571-589.
43. Palmer BA, Pankratz VS, Bostwick JM. The lifetime risk of suicide in schizophrenia: a reexamination. Arch Gen Psychiatry 2005;62(3):247-253. (Pubitemid 40990969)
44. Fenton WS, McGlashan TH, Victor BJ, Blyler CR. Symptoms, subtype, and suicidality in patients with schizophrenia spectrum disorders. Am J Psychiatry 1997;154(2):199-204.
45. Harkavy-Friedman JM, Kimhy D, Nelson EA, Venarde DF, Malaspina D, Mann JJ. Suicide attempts in schizophrenia: the role of command auditory hallucinations for suicide. J Clin Psychiatry 2003;64(8):871-874. (Pubitemid 37022751)
46. Nieto E, Vieta E, Gasto C, Vallejo J, Cirera E. Suicide attempts of high medical seriousness in schizophrenic patients. Compr Psychiatry 1992;33(6):384-387.
47. Hawton K, Sutton L, Haw C, Sinclair J, Deeks JJ. Schizophrenia and suicide: systematic review of risk factors. Br J Psychiatry 2005;187:9-20. (Pubitemid 41002508)
48. Bolton C, Gooding P, Kapur N, Barrowclough C, Tarrier N. Developing psychological perspectives of suicidal behaviour and risk in people with a diagnosis of schizophrenia: we know they kill themselves but do we understand why? Clin Psychol Rev 2007;27(4):511-536.
49. Barrowclough C, Haddock G, Lobban F, Jones S, Siddle R, Roberts C, et al. Group cognitive-behavioural therapy for schizophrenia. Randomised controlled trial. Br J Psychiatry 2006;189:527-532. (Pubitemid 44876872)
50. Tarrier N, Haddock G, Lewis S, Drake R, Gregg L; SoCRATES Trial Group. Suicide behaviour over 18 months in recent onset schizophrenic patients: the effects of CBT. Schizophr Res 2006;83(1):15-27.
51. Johnson J, Gooding P, Tarrier N. Suicide risk in schizophrenia: explanatory models and clinical implications: the Schematic Appraisal Model of Suicide (SAMS). Psychol Psychother 2008;81(Pt 1):55-77. (Pubitemid 351429286)
52. Johnson J, Tarrier N, Gooding P. An investigation of aspects of the cry of pain model of suicide risk: the role of defeat in impairing memory. Behav Res Ther 2008;46(8):968-975.
53. Tarrier N, Gooding P, Gregg L, Johnson J, Drake R; Socrates Trial Group. Suicide schema in schizophrenia: the effect of emotional reactivity, negative symptoms and schema elaboration. Behav Res Ther 2007;45(9):2090-2097. (Pubitemid 47210958)
54. Taylor PJ, Wood AM, Gooding P, Johnson J, Tarrier N. Are defeat and entrapment best defined as a single construct? Personality & Individual Difference 2009;47:795-797.
55. Tarrier N, Gooding P. Treatment manual: cognitive behavioural suicide prevention for psychosis (CBSPp). Manchester (UK): University of Manchester; 2008. Unpublished treatment manual.
56. Kilcommons AM, Morrison AP. Relationships between trauma and psychosis: an exploration of cognitive and dissociative factors. Acta Psychiatr Scand 2005;112(5):351-359.
57. Mueser KT, Goodman LB, Trumbetta SL, Rosenberg SD, Osher FC, Vidaver R, al. Trauma and posttraumatic stress disorder in severe mental illness. J Consult Clin Psychol 1998;66(3):493-499. (Pubitemid 28272952)
58. Tarrier N, Khan S, Cater J, Picken A. The subjective consequences of suffering first episode psychosis: trauma and suicide behaviour. Soc Psychiatry Psychiatr Epidemiol 2007;42(1):29-35. (Pubitemid 46647056)
59. Seedat S, Stein MB, Oosthuizen PP, Emsley RA, Stein DJ. Linking posttraumatic stress disorder and psychosis: a look at epidemiology, phenomenology and treatment. J Nerv Ment Dis 2003;191(10):675-681. (Pubitemid 37296180)
60. Picken A, Tarrier N. Trauma and co-morbid PTSD in individuals with schizophrenia and substance abuse. Behav Res Ther. In press 2010.
61. Harvey AG, Bryant RA, Tarrier N. Cognitive behaviour therapy for posttraumatic stress disorder. Clin Psychol Rev 2003;23(3):501-522. (Pubitemid 36506801)
62. Mueser KT, Rosenberg SD, Jankowski MK, Hamblen J, Descamps M. A cognitive- behavioural treatment program for posttraumatic stress disorder in persons with severe mental illness. American Journal of Psychiatric Rehabilitation 2004;7:107-146.
63. Mueser KT, Rosenberg SD, Xie H, Jankowski MK, Bolton EE, Lu W, et al. randomized controlled trial of cognitive-behavioral treatment for posttraumatic stress disorder in severe mental illness. J Consult Clin Psychol 2008;76(2):259-271. (Pubitemid 351522260)
64. Barrowclough C, Haddock G, Tarrier N, Lewis SW, Moring J, O'Brian R, et al. Randomised controlled trial of motivational interviewing and cognitive behavioural intervention for schizophrenia patients with associated drug or alcohol misuse. Am J Psychiatry 2001;158(10):1706-1713.
65. Haddock G, Barrowclough C, Tarrier N, Moring J, O'Brien R, Schofield N, et al. Cognitive-behavioural therapy and motivational intervention for schizophrenia and substance misuse. 18-month outcomes of a randomised controlled trial. Br J Psychiatry 2003;183:418-426. (Pubitemid 37357574)
66. Barrowclough C, Haddock G, Beardsmore R, Conrod P, Craig T, Davies L, et al. Evaluating integrated MI and CBT for people with psychosis and substance misuse: recruitment, retention and sample characteristics of the MIDAS trial. Addict Behav 2009;34(10):859-866.
67. Clark DM, Wells A. A cognitive model of social phobia. In: Heimberg R, Liebowitz M, Hope DA, Schneier FR, editors. Social phobia: diagnosis, assessment and treatment. New York: Guilford Press; 1995.
68. Wells A. Cognitive therapy of anxiety disorders: a practice manual and conceptual guide. Chichester (UK): John Wiley & Sons; 1997. p. 167-199.
69. Bogels SM, Tarrier N. Unexplored issues and future directions in social phobia research. Clin Psychol Rev 2004;24(7):731-736. (Pubitemid 39388870)
70. Tarrier N, Turpin G. Psychosocial factors, arousal and schizophrenic relapse. The psychophysiological data. Br J Psychiatry 1992;161:3-11.
71. Rodebaugh TL, Holaway RM, Heimberg RG. The treatment of social anxiety disorder. Clin Psychol Rev 2004;24(7):883-908.
72. Kingsep P, Nathan P, Castle D. Cognitive behavioural group treatment for social anxiety in schizophrenia. Schizophr Res 2003;63(1-2):121-129. (Pubitemid 36929854)
73. Barrowclough C, Tarrier N, Humphreys L, Ward J, Gregg L, Andrews B. Self-esteem in schizophrenia: relationships between self-evaluation, family attitudes and symptomatology. J Abnorm Psychol 2003;112(1):92-99. (Pubitemid 36249847)
74. Chatterton L, Hall P, Tarrier N. Cognitive therapy for low self-esteem in the treatment of depression in older adults. Behavioural & Cognitive Psychotherapy 2007;35:365-369. (Pubitemid 46650240)
75. Hall PL, Tarrier N. The cognitive-behavioural treatment of low self-esteem in psychotic patients: a pilot study. Behav Res Ther 2003;41(3):317-332. (Pubitemid 36206587)
76. Hall PL, Tarrier N. The durability of a cognitive behavioural intervention for self-esteem in psychosis: effects from a pilot study at 12 month follow-up. Behavioural & Cognitive Psychotherapy 2004;32:117-121. (Pubitemid 38233170)
77. Tarrier N, Barrowclough C, Haddock G, McGovern J. The dissemination of innovative cognitive-behavioural treatments for schizophrenia. Journal of Mental Health 1999;8:569-582. (Pubitemid 30063879)