Kepler-9: A system of multiple planets transiting a sun-like star, confirmed by timing variations

Science

Volumn 330, Issue 6000, 2010, Pages 51-54

  Holman, Matthew J ^a   Fabrycky, Daniel C ^a   Ragozzine, Darin ^a   Ford, Eric B ^b   Steffen, Jason H ^c   Welsh, William F ^d   Lissauer, Jack J ^e,f   Latham, David W ^a   Marcy, Geoffrey W ^g   Walkowicz, Lucianne M ^g   Batalha, Natalie M ^h   Jenkins, Jon M ^e,i   Rowe, Jason F ^e   Cochran, William D ^j   Fressin, Francois ^a   Torres, Guillermo ^a   Buchhave, Lars A ^a,k   Sasselov, Dimitar D ^a   Borucki, William J ^e   Koch, David G ^e   Basri, Gibor ^g   Brown, Timothy M ^m,s   Caldwell, Douglas A ^e,i   Charbonneau, David ^a   Dunham, Edward W ⁿ   Gautier III, Thomas N ^o   Geary, John C ^a   Gilliland, Ronald L ^p   Haas, Michael R ^e   Howell, Steve B ^q   Ciardi, David R ^l   Endl, Michael ^j   Fischer, Debra ^r   Fürész, Gábor ^a   Hartman, Joel D ^a   Isaacson, Howard ^g   Johnson, John A ^l   MacQueen, Phillip J ^j   Moorhead, Althea V ^b   Morehead, Robert C ^b   Orosz, Jerome A ^d   more..

^a HARVARD SMITHSONIAN CENTER FOR ASTROPHYSICS   (United States)

^b UNIVERSITY OF FLORIDA   (United States)

^c NASA FERMILAB ASTROPHYSICS CENTER   (United States)

^d SAN DIEGO STATE UNIVERSITY   (United States)

^e NASA AMES RESEARCH CENTER   (United States)

^f STANFORD UNIVERSITY   (United States)

^g UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA   (United States)

^h SAN JOSE STATE UNIVERSITY   (United States)

ⁱ SETI INSTITUTE   (United States)

^j UNIVERSITY OF TEXAS AT AUSTIN   (United States)

^k UNIVERSITY OF COPENHAGEN   (Denmark)

^l CALIFORNIA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY   (United States)

^m LAS CUMBRES OBSERVATORY GLOBAL TELESCOPE NETWORK   (United States)

ⁿ LOWELL OBSERVATORY   (United States)

^o CALIFORNIA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY   (United States)

^p AURA for the European Space Agency   (United States)

^q NATIONAL OPTICAL ASTRONOMY OBSERVATORY   (United States)

^r YALE UNIVERSITY   (United States)

^s UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA   (United States)

more..

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EARTH; PLANETARY SURFACE; SATELLITE MISSION; SATURN; SPACECRAFT;

ARTICLE; ASTRONOMY; MODEL; PHOTOMETRY; PRIORITY JOURNAL; SPACE; SPACE FLIGHT;

EID: 77957371829     PISSN: 00368075     EISSN: 10959203     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1126/science.1195778     Document Type: Article

References (45)

1. D. G. Koch et al., Astrophys. J. 713, L79 (2010).
2. D. Charbonneau, T. M. Brown, A. Burrows, G. Laughlin, in Protostars and Planets V (Univ. of Ariziona Press, Tucson, AZ, 2007), pp. 701-716.
3. J. N. Winn, in Transiting Planets, International Astronomical Union (IAU) Symposium, vol. 253 (Cambridge Univ. Press, Cambridge, 2009), pp. 99-109.
4. W. J. Borucki et al., Astrophys. J., preprint available at http://arxiv.org/abs/1006.2799.
5. J. H. Steffen et al., Astrophys. J., preprint available at http://arxiv.org/abs/1006.2763.
6. E. Agol, J. Steffen, R. Sari, W. Clarkson, Mon. Not. R. Astron. Soc. 359, 567 (2005).
7. M. J. Holman, N. W. Murray, Science 307, 1288 (2005).
8. J. M. Jenkins et al., Astrophys. J. 713, L87 (2010).
9. D. A. Caldwell et al., Astrophys. J. 713, L92 (2010).
10. N. M. Batalha et al., Astrophys. J. 713, L103 (2010).
11. S. S. Vogt et al., Society of Photo-Optical Instrumentation Engineers (SPIE) Conference Series, vol. 2198, D. L. Crawford, E. R. Craine, Eds. (SPIE, Bellingham, WA, 1994), p. 362.
12. J. Miralda-Escudé, Astrophys. J. 564, 1019 (2002).
13. S. Ballard et al., Astrophys. J. 716, 1047 (2010).
14. D. Ragozzine, M. J. Holman, Astrophys. J., preprint available at http://arxiv.org/abs/1006.3727.
15. G. Torres et al., Astrophys. J., preprint available at http://arxiv.org/abs/1008.4393.
16. L. G. Kiseleva, P. P. Eggleton, V. V. Orlov, Mon. Not. R. Astron. Soc. 270, 936 (1994).
17. J. J. Lissauer, Nature 409, 23 (2001).
18. M. H. Lee, S. J. Peale, Astrophys. J. 567, 596 (2002).
19. G. W. Marcy et al., Astrophys. J. 581, 1375 (2002).
20. M. Mayor et al., Astron. Astrophys. 415, 391 (2004).
21. S. S. Vogt et al., Astrophys. J. 632, 638 (2005).
22. C. G. Tinney et al., Astrophys. J. 647, 594 (2006).
23. F. Pepe et al., Astron. Astrophys. 462, 769 (2007).
24. E. J. Rivera et al., Astrophys. J., preprint available at http://arxiv.org/abs/1006.4244.
25. A. C. M. Correia et al., Astron. Astrophys. 511, A21 (2010).
26. S. Meschiari et al., Publ. Astron. Soc. Pac. 121, 1016 (2009).
27. M. H. Lee, Astrophys. J. 611, 517 (2004).
28. Z. Sándor, W. Kley, Astron. Astrophys. 451, L31 (2006).
29. Z. Sándor, W. Kley, P. Klagyivik, Astron. Astrophys. 472, 981 (2007).
30. A. T. Lee, E. W. Thommes, F. A. Rasio, Astrophys. J. 691, 1684 (2009).
31. F. Marzari, C. Baruteau, H. Scholl, Astron. Astrophys. 514, L4 (2010).
32. F. C. Adams, G. Laughlin, A. M. Bloch, Astrophys. J. 683, 1117 (2008).
33. R. A.Murray-Clay, E. I. Chiang, Astrophys. J. 651, 1194 (2006).
34. A. Morbidelli, K. Tsiganis, A. Crida, H. F. Levison, R. Gomes, Astron. J. 134, 1790 (2007).
35. D. C. Fabrycky, R. A. Murray-Clay, Astrophys. J. 710, 1408 (2010).
36. C. Terquem, J. C. B. Papaloizou, Astrophys. J. 654, 1110 (2007).
37. I. Baraffe, Y. Alibert, G. Chabrier, W. Benz, Astron. Astrophys. 450, 1221 (2006).
38. J. J. Fortney, M. S. Marley, J. W. Barnes, Astrophys. J. 659, 1661 (2007).
39. S. Seager, M. Kuchner, C. A. Hier-Majumder, B. Militzer, Astrophys. J. 669, 1279 (2007).
40. R. A. Marcus, D. Sasselov, L. Hernquist, S. T. Stewart, Astrophys. J. 712, L73 (2010).
41. D. Valencia, D. D. Sasselov, R. J. O'Connell, Astrophys. J. 665, 1413 (2007).
42. L. A. Rogers, S. Seager, Astrophys. J. 712, 974 (2010).
43. A. Léger et al., Astron. Astrophys. 506, 287 (2009).
44. L. Zeng, S. Seager, Publ. Astron. Soc. Pac. 120, 983 (2008).
45. Funding for this Discovery mission is provided by NASA's Science Mission Directorate. We acknowledge NASA Cooperative Agreement NCC2-1390. D.C.F. acknowledges support from the Michelson Fellowship, supported by NASA and administered by the NASA Exoplanet Science Institute. This material is based on work supported by the NSF under grant no. 0707203. This work is based, in part, on observations obtained at the W. M. Keck Observatory, which is operated by the Univ. of California and the California Institute of Technology. Some of the observations in this paper were obtained at Kitt Peak National Observatory, National Optical Astronomy Observatory, which is operated by the Association of Universities for Research in Astronomy under cooperative agreement with the NSF. J.F.R. is a NASA postdoctoral program fellow. We are grateful to N. Haghighipour for many helpful comments and suggestions.