메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 413, Issue , 2010, Pages 277-289

Thresholds and multiple community states in marine fouling communities: Integrating natural history with management strategies

Author keywords

Ascidians; Bryozoans; Climate change; Coastal development; Fouling community; Invasive species; Mussels; Threshold dynamics

Indexed keywords

BRYOZOAN; CLIMATE CHANGE; COASTAL DEVELOPMENT; COMMUNITY ECOLOGY; DOMINANCE; EPIFAUNA; FOULING; HABITAT RESTORATION; INVASIVE SPECIES; MARINA; MARINE ECOSYSTEM; MOLLUSC; OPEN OCEAN; POLYP; RECRUITMENT (POPULATION DYNAMICS);

EID: 77957363951     PISSN: 01718630     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.3354/meps08673     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (24)

References (68)
  • 1
    • 0027047526 scopus 로고
    • Recent invasions of the Gulf of Maine: three contrasting ecological histories
    • Berman J, Harris L, Lambert W, Buttrick M, Dufresne M (1992) Recent invasions of the Gulf of Maine: Three contrasting ecological histories. Conserv Biol 6:435-441 (Pubitemid 23402318)
    • (1992) Conservation Biology , vol.6 , Issue.3 , pp. 435-441
    • Berman, J.1    Harris, L.2    Lambert, W.3    Buttrick, M.4    Dufresne, M.5
  • 3
    • 34247380363 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Competition-colonization trade-offs and disturbance effects at multiple scales
    • DOI 10.1890/06-1117
    • Cadotte MW (2007) Competition-colonization trade-offs and disturbance effects at multiple scales. Ecology 88:823-829 (Pubitemid 46641559)
    • (2007) Ecology , vol.88 , Issue.4 , pp. 823-829
    • Cadotte, M.W.1
  • 5
    • 0024879194 scopus 로고
    • Man's role in changing the face of the ocean: Biological invasions and implications for conservation of near-shore environments
    • Carlton JT (1989) Man's role in changing the face of the ocean: Biological invasions and implications for conservation of near-shore environments. Conserv Biol 3:265-273
    • (1989) Conserv Biol , vol.3 , pp. 265-273
    • Carlton, J.T.1
  • 6
    • 0001058434 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Alternate states of ecosystems: Evidence and its implications
    • In: Press MC, Huntly N, Levin S (eds), Blackwell Press, London
    • Carpenter SR (2001) Alternate states of ecosystems: Evidence and its implications. In: Press MC, Huntly N, Levin S (eds) Ecology: Achievement and challenge. Blackwell Press, London, p 357-383
    • (2001) Ecology: Achievement and Challenge , pp. 357-383
    • Carpenter, S.R.1
  • 7
    • 0042629344 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Experimental evidence for alternative stable equilibria in a benthic pond food web
    • Chase JM (2003) Experimental evidence for alternative stable equilibria in a benthic pond food web. Ecol Lett 6:733-741
    • (2003) Ecol Lett , vol.6 , pp. 733-741
    • Chase, J.M.1
  • 8
    • 0021029661 scopus 로고
    • On the evidence needed to judge ecological stability and persistence
    • Connell JH, Sousa WP (1983) On the evidence needed to judge ecological stability and persistence. Am Nat 121: 789-824
    • (1983) Am Nat , vol.121 , pp. 789-824
    • Connell, J.H.1    Sousa, W.P.2
  • 9
    • 0001630039 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Relevance of community structure in assessing indeterminacy of ecological predictions
    • Dambacher JM, Li HW, Rossignol PA (2002) Relevance of community structure in assessing indeterminacy of ecological predictions. Ecology 83:1372-1385
    • (2002) Ecology , vol.83 , pp. 1372-1385
    • Dambacher, J.M.1    Li, H.W.2    Rossignol, P.A.3
  • 10
    • 0037626593 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Qualitative stability and ambiguity in model ecosystems
    • DOI 10.1086/367590
    • Dambacher JM, Luh HK, Li HW, Rossignol PA (2003) Qualitative stability and ambiguity in model ecosystems. Am Nat 161:876-888 (Pubitemid 36821261)
    • (2003) American Naturalist , vol.161 , Issue.6 , pp. 876-888
    • Dambacher, J.M.1    Luh, H.-K.2    Li, H.W.3    Rossignol, P.A.4
  • 11
    • 28844481876 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Life expectancy change in perturbed communities: Derivation and qualitative analysis
    • DOI 10.1016/j.mbs.2005.06.001, PII S0025556405001021
    • Dambacher JM, Levins R, Rossignol PA (2005) Life expectancy change in perturbed communities: Derivation and qualitative analysis. Math Biosci 197:1-14 (Pubitemid 41764887)
    • (2005) Mathematical Biosciences , vol.197 , Issue.1 , pp. 1-14
    • Dambacher, J.M.1    Levins, R.2    Rossignol, P.A.3
  • 12
    • 0024936698 scopus 로고
    • Direct observations of larval dispersal in the colonial ascidian Podoclavella moluccensis Sluiter: Evidence for closed populations
    • Davis AR, Butler AJ (1989) Direct observations of larval dispersal in the colonial ascidian Podoclavella moluccensis Sluiter: Evidence for closed populations. J Exp Mar Biol Ecol 127:189-203
    • (1989) J Exp Mar Biol Ecol , vol.127 , pp. 189-203
    • Davis, A.R.1    Butler, A.J.2
  • 13
    • 0033796706 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The influence of variability in larval dispersal on the dynamics of a marine metapopulation in the eastern Channel
    • Ellien C, Thiebaut É, Barnay AS, Dauvin JC, Gentil F, Salomon JC (2000) The influence of variability in larval dispersal on the dynamics of a marine metapopulation in the eastern Channel. Oceanol Acta 23:423-442
    • (2000) Oceanol Acta , vol.23 , pp. 423-442
    • Ellien, C.1    Thiebaut, É.2    Barnay, A.S.3    Dauvin, J.C.4    Gentil, F.5    Salomon, J.C.6
  • 15
    • 34247133199 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Local disturbance cycles and the maintenance of heterogeneity across scales in marine metapopulations
    • DOI 10.1890/06-0672
    • Gouhier TC, Guichard F (2007) Local disturbance cycles and the maintenance of heterogeneity across scales in marine metapopulations. Ecology 88:647-657 (Pubitemid 46597073)
    • (2007) Ecology , vol.88 , Issue.3 , pp. 647-657
    • Gouhier, T.C.1    Guichard, F.2
  • 16
    • 0034969666 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Managing surprising ecosystems in the southern Florida
    • Gunderson LH (2001) Managing surprising ecosystems in the southern Florida. Ecol Econ 37:371-378
    • (2001) Ecol Econ , vol.37 , pp. 371-378
    • Gunderson, L.H.1
  • 17
    • 0033863288 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Studies on the covariation between physical factors and the long-term variation of the marine soft bottom macrofauna in western Sweden
    • Hagberg J, Tunberg BG (2000) Studies on the covariation between physical factors and the long-term variation of the marine soft bottom macrofauna in western Sweden. Estuar Coast Shelf Sci 50:373-385
    • (2000) Estuar Coast Shelf Sci , vol.50 , pp. 373-385
    • Hagberg, J.1    Tunberg, B.G.2
  • 18
    • 0034823844 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Changing community states in the Gulf of Maine: Synergism between invaders, overfishing and climate change
    • Harris LG, Tyrrell MC (2001) Changing community states in the Gulf of Maine: Synergism between invaders, overfishing and climate change. Biol Invasions 3:9-21
    • (2001) Biol Invasions , vol.3 , pp. 9-21
    • Harris, L.G.1    Tyrrell, M.C.2
  • 19
    • 0002054228 scopus 로고
    • Resilience and stability of ecological systems
    • Holling CS (1973) Resilience and stability of ecological systems. Annu Rev Ecol Syst 4:1-23
    • (1973) Annu Rev Ecol Syst , vol.4 , pp. 1-23
    • Holling, C.S.1
  • 21
    • 0001208698 scopus 로고
    • Qualitative stability and digraphs in model ecosystems
    • Jeffries C (1974) Qualitative stability and digraphs in model ecosystems. Ecology 55:1415-1419
    • (1974) Ecology , vol.55 , pp. 1415-1419
    • Jeffries, C.1
  • 22
    • 33847193626 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Qualitative scientific modeling and loop analysis
    • Justus J (2005) Qualitative scientific modeling and loop analysis. Philos Sci 72:1272-1286
    • (2005) Philos Sci , vol.72 , pp. 1272-1286
    • Justus, J.1
  • 23
    • 77957208860 scopus 로고
    • Thresholds and multiple stable states in coral reef community dynamics
    • Knowlton N (1992) Thresholds and multiple stable states in coral reef community dynamics. Am Zool 32:674-682
    • (1992) Am Zool , vol.32 , pp. 674-682
    • Knowlton, N.1
  • 24
    • 84902237022 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • From metapopulations to metacommunities
    • In: Hanski I, Gaggiotti OE (eds), Elsevier, San Diego, CA
    • Leibold MA, Miller TE (2004) From metapopulations to metacommunities. In: Hanski I, Gaggiotti OE (eds) Ecology, genetics, and evolution of metapopulations. Elsevier, San Diego, CA, p 133-150
    • (2004) Ecology, Genetics, and Evolution of Metapopulations , pp. 133-150
    • Leibold, M.A.1    Miller, T.E.2
  • 26
    • 77957377998 scopus 로고
    • The qualitative analysis of partially-specified systems
    • Levins R (1973) The qualitative analysis of partially-specified systems. Ann N Y Acad Sci 112:123-138
    • (1973) Ann N Y Acad Sci , vol.112 , pp. 123-138
    • Levins, R.1
  • 27
    • 33847198731 scopus 로고
    • Problems of signed digraphs in ecological theory
    • In: Levin SA (ed), Society for Industrial and Applied Mathematics, Philadelphia, PA
    • Levins R (1975) Problems of signed digraphs in ecological theory. In: Levin SA (ed) Ecosystem analysis and prediction. Society for Industrial and Applied Mathematics, Philadelphia, PA, p 264-277
    • (1975) Ecosystem Analysis and Prediction , pp. 264-277
    • Levins, R.1
  • 28
    • 0029132330 scopus 로고
    • Habitat destruction and coexistence of competitors in a spatially realistic metapopulation model
    • Moilanen A, Hanski I (1995) Habitat destruction and coexistence of competitors in a spatially realistic metapopulation model. J Anim Ecol 64:141-144
    • (1995) J Anim Ecol , vol.64 , pp. 141-144
    • Moilanen, A.1    Hanski, I.2
  • 29
    • 0042081627 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Community patterns in sourcesink metacommunities
    • Mouquet N, Loreau M (2003) Community patterns in sourcesink metacommunities. Am Nat 162:544-557
    • (2003) Am Nat , vol.162 , pp. 544-557
    • Mouquet, N.1    Loreau, M.2
  • 30
    • 53949090097 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Habitat destruction and metacommunity size in pen shell communities
    • Munguia P, Miller T (2008) Habitat destruction and metacommunity size in pen shell communities. J Anim Ecol 77: 1175-1182
    • (2008) J Anim Ecol , vol.77 , pp. 1175-1182
    • Munguia, P.1    Miller, T.2
  • 31
    • 0034951684 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ecological thresholds: A survey
    • DOI 10.1016/S0921-8009(01)00146-X, PII S092180090100146X
    • Muradian R (2001) Ecological thresholds: A survey. Ecol Econ 38:7-24 (Pubitemid 32643792)
    • (2001) Ecological Economics , vol.38 , Issue.1 , pp. 7-24
    • Muradian, R.1
  • 32
    • 0026499779 scopus 로고
    • Dynamics of metapopulations: Habitat destruction and competitive coexistence
    • Nee S, May RM (1992) Dynamics of metapopulations: habitat destruction and competitive coexistence. J Anim Ecol 61: 37-40
    • (1992) J Anim Ecol , vol.61 , pp. 37-40
    • Nee, S.1    May, R.M.2
  • 33
    • 68149096825 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Species invasions and the limits to restoration: Learning from the New Zealand experience
    • Norton DA (2009) Species invasions and the limits to restoration: learning from the New Zealand experience. Science 325:569-571
    • (2009) Science , vol.325 , pp. 569-571
    • Norton, D.A.1
  • 35
    • 0022227873 scopus 로고
    • The consequences of short-distance larval dispersal in a sessile marine invertebrate
    • Olson RR (1985) The consequences of short-distance larval dispersal in a sessile marine invertebrate. Ecology 66: 30-39
    • (1985) Ecology , vol.66 , pp. 30-39
    • Olson, R.R.1
  • 36
    • 0002330046 scopus 로고
    • The establishment and development of a marine epifaunal community
    • Osman RW (1977) The establishment and development of a marine epifaunal community. Ecol Monogr 47:37-63
    • (1977) Ecol Monogr , vol.47 , pp. 37-63
    • Osman, R.W.1
  • 37
    • 0000753072 scopus 로고
    • The influence of seasonality and stability on the species equilibrium
    • Osman RW (1978) The influence of seasonality and stability on the species equilibrium. Ecology 59:383-399
    • (1978) Ecology , vol.59 , pp. 383-399
    • Osman, R.W.1
  • 38
    • 0028993545 scopus 로고
    • Predation on early ontogenetic life stages and its effect on recruitment into a marine epifaunal community
    • Osman RW, Whitlatch RB (1995) Predation on early ontogenetic life stages and its effect on recruitment into a marine epifaunal community. Mar Ecol Prog Ser 117:111-126
    • (1995) Mar Ecol Prog Ser , vol.117 , pp. 111-126
    • Osman, R.W.1    Whitlatch, R.B.2
  • 39
    • 0030426385 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Processes affecting newly-settled juveniles and the consequences to subsequent community development
    • Osman RW, Whitlatch RB (1996) Processes affecting newlysettled juveniles and the consequences to subsequent community development. Invertebr Reprod Dev 30: 217-225 (Pubitemid 27133817)
    • (1996) Invertebrate Reproduction and Development , vol.30 , Issue.1-3 , pp. 217-225
    • Osman, R.W.1    Whitlatch, R.B.2
  • 40
    • 7844236386 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Local control of recruitment in an epifaunal community and the consequences to colonization processes
    • Osman RW, Whitlatch RB (1998) Local control of recruitment in an epifaunal community and the consequences to colonization processes. Hydrobiologia 375/376:113-123
    • (1998) Hydrobiologia , vol.375-376 , pp. 113-123
    • Osman, R.W.1    Whitlatch, R.B.2
  • 41
    • 4644233999 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The control of the development of a marine benthic community by predation on recruits
    • Osman RW, Whitlatch RB (2004) The control of the development of a marine benthic community by predation on recruits. J Exp Mar Biol Ecol 311:117-145
    • (2004) J Exp Mar Biol Ecol , vol.311 , pp. 117-145
    • Osman, R.W.1    Whitlatch, R.B.2
  • 42
    • 33846624222 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Variation in the ability of Didemnum sp. to invade established communities
    • Osman RW, Whitlatch RB (2007) Variation in the ability of Didemnum sp. to invade established communities. J Exp Mar Biol Ecol 342:40-53
    • (2007) J Exp Mar Biol Ecol , vol.342 , pp. 40-53
    • Osman, R.W.1    Whitlatch, R.B.2
  • 43
    • 0000004584 scopus 로고
    • Does a rigorous criterion for environmental identity preclude the existence of multiple stable points?
    • Peterson CH (1984) Does a rigorous criterion for environmental identity preclude the existence of multiple stable points? Am Nat 124:127-133
    • (1984) Am Nat , vol.124 , pp. 127-133
    • Peterson, C.H.1
  • 44
    • 2342615533 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Detection of alternative stable states in marine communities
    • DOI 10.1016/j.jembe.2003.12.026, PII S0022098104000036
    • Petraitis PS, Dudgeon SR (2004) Detection of alternative stable states in marine communities. J Exp Mar Biol Ecol 300: 343-371 (Pubitemid 38583477)
    • (2004) Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology , vol.300 , Issue.1-2 , pp. 343-371
    • Petraitis, P.S.1    Dudgeon, S.R.2
  • 45
    • 0021607939 scopus 로고
    • The complexity and stability of ecosystems
    • Pimm SL (1984) The complexity and stability of ecosystems. Nature 307:321-326
    • (1984) Nature , vol.307 , pp. 321-326
    • Pimm, S.L.1
  • 47
    • 0021535477 scopus 로고
    • The association between the North Atlantic Oscillation and the southern oscillation in the northern hemisphere
    • Rogers JC (1984) The association between the North Atlantic Oscillation and the southern oscillation in the northern hemisphere. Mon Weather Rev 112:1999-2015
    • (1984) Mon Weather Rev , vol.112 , pp. 1999-2015
    • Rogers, J.C.1
  • 48
    • 0000239527 scopus 로고
    • Patterns of low-frequency monthly sea level pressure variability (1899-1986) and associated wave cyclone frequencies
    • Rogers JC (1990) Patterns of low-frequency monthly sea level pressure variability (1899-1986) and associated wave cyclone frequencies. J Clim 3:1364-1379
    • (1990) J Clim , vol.3 , pp. 1364-1379
    • Rogers, J.C.1
  • 49
    • 0033670387 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mechanisms preventing optimum use of ecosystem services: An interdisciplinary theoretical analysis
    • Scheffer M, Brock W, Westley F (2000) Mechanisms preventing optimum use of ecosystem services: An interdisciplinary theoretical analysis. Ecosystems 3:451-471
    • (2000) Ecosystems , vol.3 , pp. 451-471
    • Scheffer, M.1    Brock, W.2    Westley, F.3
  • 50
    • 0001956112 scopus 로고
    • Population and community ecology of Mytilus
    • In: Gosling E (ed) The mussel, Elsevier, New York, NY
    • Seed R, Suchanek TH (1992) Population and community ecology of Mytilus. In: Gosling E (ed) The mussel Mytilus: Ecology, physiology, genetics and culture. Elsevier, New York, NY, p 87-169
    • (1992) Mytilus: Ecology, Physiology, Genetics and Culture , pp. 87-169
    • Seed, R.1    Suchanek, T.H.2
  • 52
    • 0033585042 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Species diversity and invasion resistance in a marine ecosystem
    • Stachowicz JJ, Whitlatch RB, Osman RW (1999) Species diversity and invasion resistance in a marine ecosystem. Science 286:1577-1579
    • (1999) Science , vol.286 , pp. 1577-1579
    • Stachowicz, J.J.1    Whitlatch, R.B.2    Osman, R.W.3
  • 53
    • 0038477000 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Biodiversity, invasion resistance, and marine ecosystem function: Reconciling pattern and process
    • Stachowicz JJ, Fried H, Osman RW, Whitlatch RB (2002a) Biodiversity, invasion resistance, and marine ecosystem function: Reconciling pattern and process. Ecology 83: 2575-2590 (Pubitemid 36524741)
    • (2002) Ecology , vol.83 , Issue.9 , pp. 2575-2590
    • Stachowicz, J.J.1    Fried, H.2    Osman, R.W.3    Whitlatch, R.B.4
  • 54
    • 0037180438 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Linking climate change and biological invasions: Ocean warming facilitates nonindigenous species invasions
    • Stachowicz JJ, Terwin JR, Whitlatch RB, Osman RW (2002b) Linking climate change and biological invasions: Ocean warming facilitates nonindigenous species invasions. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 99:15497-15500
    • (2002) Proc Natl Acad Sci USA , vol.99 , pp. 15497-15500
    • Stachowicz, J.J.1    Terwin, J.R.2    Whitlatch, R.B.3    Osman, R.W.4
  • 55
    • 69949143002 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Re-shuffling of species with climate disruption: A no-analog future for California birds?
    • doi: 10.1371/journal.pone. 0006825
    • Stralberg D, Jongsomjit D, Howell CA, Snyder MA, Alexander JD, Wiens JA, Root TL (2009) Re-shuffling of species with climate disruption: A no-analog future for California birds? PLoS ONE 4:e6825, doi: 10.1371/journal.pone. 0006825
    • (2009) PLoS ONE , vol.4
    • Stralberg, D.1    Jongsomjit, D.2    Howell, C.A.3    Snyder, M.A.4    Alexander, J.D.5    Wiens, J.A.6    Root, T.L.7
  • 56
    • 64749093619 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Threshold models in restoration and conservation: A developing framework
    • Suding KN, Hobbs RJ (2009) Threshold models in restoration and conservation: A developing framework. Trends Ecol Evol 24:271-279
    • (2009) Trends Ecol Evol , vol.24 , pp. 271-279
    • Suding, K.N.1    Hobbs, R.J.2
  • 57
    • 0347062668 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Alternative states and positive feedbacks in restoration ecology
    • Suding KN, Gross KL, Houseman GR (2004) Alternative states and positive feedbacks in restoration ecology. Trends Ecol Evol 19:46-53
    • (2004) Trends Ecol Evol , vol.19 , pp. 46-53
    • Suding, K.N.1    Gross, K.L.2    Houseman, G.R.3
  • 58
    • 0000980760 scopus 로고
    • A biological survey of the waters of Woods Hole and vicinity
    • Sumner FB, Osburn RC, Cole LJ, Davis BM (1911) A biological survey of the waters of Woods Hole and vicinity. Bull Bur Fish 31:1-860
    • (1911) Bull Bur Fish , vol.31 , pp. 1-860
    • Sumner, F.B.1    Osburn, R.C.2    Cole, L.J.3    Davis, B.M.4
  • 59
    • 0016353829 scopus 로고
    • Multiple stable points in natural communities
    • Sutherland JP (1974) Multiple stable points in natural communities. Am Nat 108:859-873
    • (1974) Am Nat , vol.108 , pp. 859-873
    • Sutherland, J.P.1
  • 60
    • 0001497277 scopus 로고
    • Perturbation, resistance, and alternative views of the existence of multiple stable points in nature
    • Sutherland JP (1990) Perturbation, resistance, and alternative views of the existence of multiple stable points in nature. Am Nat 136:270-275
    • (1990) Am Nat , vol.136 , pp. 270-275
    • Sutherland, J.P.1
  • 61
    • 0001936287 scopus 로고
    • The ecology and behaviour of ascidian larvae
    • Svane I, Young CM (1989) The ecology and behaviour of ascidian larvae. Oceanogr Mar Biol Annu Rev 27:45-90
    • (1989) Oceanogr Mar Biol Annu Rev , vol.27 , pp. 45-90
    • Svane, I.1    Young, C.M.2
  • 62
    • 0028181948 scopus 로고
    • Biodiversity and stability in grasslands
    • DOI 10.1038/367363a0
    • Tilman D, Downing JA (1994) Biodiversity and stability in grasslands. Nature 367:363-365 (Pubitemid 24062340)
    • (1994) Nature , vol.367 , Issue.6461 , pp. 363-365
    • Tilman, D.1    Downing, J.A.2
  • 63
    • 0032480258 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Do climatic oscillations influence cyclical patterns of soft bottom macrobenthic communities on the Swedish west coast?
    • Tunberg BG, Nelson WG (1998) Do climatic oscillations influence cyclical patterns of soft bottom macrobenthic communities on the Swedish west coast? Mar Ecol Prog Ser 170:85-94
    • (1998) Mar Ecol Prog Ser , vol.170 , pp. 85-94
    • Tunberg, B.G.1    Nelson, W.G.2
  • 64
    • 0032693781 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A shift of the NAO and increasing storm track activity over Europe due to anthropogenic greenhouse gas forcing
    • DOI 10.1007/s003820050299
    • Ulbrich U, ChristophM(1999) A shift of the NAO and increasing storm track activity over Europe due to anthropogenic greenhouse gas forcing. Clim Dyn 15:551-559 (Pubitemid 29534540)
    • (1999) Climate Dynamics , vol.15 , Issue.7 , pp. 551-559
    • Ulbrich, U.1    Christoph, M.2
  • 65
    • 0028582675 scopus 로고
    • A qualitative approach to managing shellfish populations: Assessing the relative importance of trophic relationships between species
    • Whitlatch RB, Osman RW (1994) A qualitative approach to managing shellfish populations: Assessing the relative importance of trophic relationships between species. J Shellfish Res 13:229-242
    • (1994) J Shellfish Res , vol.13 , pp. 229-242
    • Whitlatch, R.B.1    Osman, R.W.2
  • 66
    • 77957346402 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Post-settlement predation on ascidian recruits: Predator responses to changing prey density
    • Whitlatch RB, Osman RW(2009) Post-settlement predation on ascidian recruits: Predator responses to changing prey density. Aquat Invasions 4:121-131
    • (2009) Aquat Invasions , vol.4 , pp. 121-131
    • Whitlatch, R.B.1    Osman, R.W.2
  • 67
    • 35948950157 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Novel climates, no-analog communities, and ecological surprises
    • Williams JW, Jackson ST (2007) Novel climates, no-analog communities, and ecological surprises. Front Ecol Environ 5:475-482
    • (2007) Front Ecol Environ , vol.5 , pp. 475-482
    • Williams, J.W.1    Jackson, S.T.2
  • 68
    • 0042967718 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Massive prey recruitment and the control of rocky subtidal communities on large spatial scales
    • Witman JD, Genovese SJ, Bruno JF, McLaughlin JW, Pavlin BI (2003) Massive prey recruitment and the control of rocky subtidal communities on large spatial scales. Ecol Monogr 73:441-462
    • (2003) Ecol Monogr , vol.73 , pp. 441-462
    • Witman, J.D.1    Genovese, S.J.2    Bruno, J.F.3    McLaughlin, J.W.4    Pavlin, B.I.5


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.