Rhetoric from Brussels and reality on the ground: The EU and security in Africa

International Affairs

Volumn 86, Issue 5, 2010, Pages 1091-1108

  Vines, Alex ^a  

^a Regional and Security Studies ^*  (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EID: 77957344013     PISSN: 00205850     EISSN: 14682346     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1111/j.1468-2346.2010.00930.x     Document Type: Article

References (40)

1. Camilla Elowson, The joint African-EU strategy: a study of the peace and security partnership (Stockholm: FOI, 2009), p. 34.
2. Alex Vines and Roger Middleton, Options for the EU to support African Peace and Security Architecture (Brussels: EU Policy Department External Policies, accessed 20 Aug. 2010., 2008), http://www.chathamhouse.org.uk/files/11637_0508eu_africa.pdf
3. Report of the African Union-United Nations Panel on Modalities for Support to African Union Peacekeeping Operations, Doc. A/63/666-S/2008/813, New York, 31 Dec. 2008.
4. Nicoletta Pirozzi, 'EU support to African Security Architecture funding and training components', Occasional Paper 76 (Paris: European Union Institute for Security Studies, 2009).
5. Damien Helly, 'Operation ARTEMIS (RD Congo)', in Giovanni Grevi, Damien Helly and Daniel Keohane, eds, European Security and Defence Policy: the first 10 years (1999-2009) (Paris: European Union Institute for Security Studies, 2009), pp. 147-50.
6. Anand Menon, 'Empowering paradise? The ESDP at ten', International Affairs 85: 2, March2009, p. 230.
7. Georges Nzongola-Ntalaja, 'Lessons learned from the Artemis and EUFOR operations in the Democratic Republic of Congo', in The EU's Africa Strategy: what are the lessons of the Congo mission? (Brussels: Security and Defence Agenda discussion paper, 2007).
8. Claudia Major, 'EU-UN cooperation in military crisis management: the experience of EUFOR RD Congo 2006', Occasional Paper 72 (Paris: European Union Institute for Security Studies,2008).
9. Bjoern Seibert, 'African adventure? Assessing the European Union's military intervention in Chad and Central African Republic', MIT Security Studies working paper (Cambridge, MA: MIT,2007).
10. Damien Helly, 'EUFOR Chad/CAR', in Grevi et al., European Security and Defence Policy, p. 345.
11. Koen Vervaeke, 'Peace and security are in the centre of the relations between the EU and Africa', ESDP Newsletter, no. 9, 2009, p. 46.
12. Damien Helly, 'Seminar: lessons from EUFOR Chad/CAR', EUISS seminar report, 18 March, accessed 20 Aug. 2010;2010, http://www.iss.europa.eu/fileadmin/fichiers/pdf/seminars/2010/Lessons_from_EUFOR_Tchad_Report.pdf
13. Alexander Mattelaer, 'The strategic planning of EU military operations: the case of EUFOR Chad/CAR', working paper 5 (Brussels: Institute of European Studies, Dec. 2008).
14. Winrich Kuehne, How the EU organizes and conducts peace operations in Africa: EUFOR/MINURCAT (Berlin: Zentrum für Internationale Friedenseinsätze, 2009).
15. Lauren Ploch, 'Instability and humanitarian conditions in Chad', RS22798 (Washington DC: Congressional Research Service, 1 July, accessed 20 Aug. 2010. 2010), http://assets.opencrs.com/rpts/RS22798_20100701.pdf
16. Roger Middleton, 'Piracy in Somalia: threatening global trade, feeding local wars', Chatham House briefing paper AFP BP 8 (2), accessed 4 Jan. 20102008, http://www.chathamhouse.org.uk/files/12203_1008piracysomalia.pdf
17. Laura Davis, Small steps, large hurdles: the EU's role in promoting justice in peacemaking in the DRC (New York: International Center for Transnational Justice 2009).
18. Caty Clément, 'EUSEC RD Congo', in Grevi et al., European Security and Defence Policy, pp. 249-51.
19. Council of the European Union, 'The EU SSR Guinea-Bissau mission completes its mandate', 12740 Presse 223, Brussels, 2 Aug. 2010.
20. Damien Helly, 'EU SSR Guinea-Bissau', in Grevi et al., European Security and Defence Policy, pp. 370-71.
21. Council of the EU, 'The EU SSR Guinea-Bissau mission completes its mandate'.Emphasis in original. Assessment seen by author.
22. Benedikt Franke, 'EU-AU cooperation in capacity-building', in Joachim Koops, ed., Military crisis management: the challenge of effective inter-organizationalism, Studia Diplomatica 62: 3, Dec. 2009, p. 258.
23. Jolyon Howorth, Security and defence policy in the European Union (Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan, 2007), p. 217.
24. Benedikt Franke, 'Support to AMIS and AMISOM (Sudan and Somalia)', in Grevi et al., European Security and Defence Policy, p. 260.
25. Council of the European Union, 2958th External Relations Council meeting, 'Conclusions on Somalia', summary, 27 July, (Brussels).2009
26. Angela Meyer, 'Regional conflict management in Central Africa: from Fomuc to Micopax', African Security 2: 1-2, May2009, pp. 158-74.
27. Final Report of the Group of Experts on DRC, submitted in accordance with paragraph 18(d) of Security Council Resolution 1807 (2008), S/2008/773, New York, 12 Dec., accessed 4 Jan. 2010.2008, http://daccess-dds-ny.un.org/doc/UNDOC/GEN/N08/618/77/PDF/N0861877.pdf?OpenElement
28. 'Général Bentégeat: UN OG permanent nécessaire? Qui mais un QG civilo-militaire. EUMC: Interview of General Henri Bentegeat, Chairman of the European Union Military Committee, Released to Mr. Nicholas Gros-Verheyde', Brussels2 (blog), 9 Oct., accessed 22 Aug. 2010.2009, http://www.blogingportal.eu/reader/all/1255557599/13
29. Vines and Middleton, Options for the EU to support African Peace and Security Architecture, p. 7.
30. David Francis, Uniting Africa: building regional peace and security systems (Aldershot: Ashgate,2006).
31. Jakkie Cilliers, 'The African Standby Force: an update on progress', ISS paper 160 (Pretoria: Institute for Security Studies,2008), p. 6.
32. Catherine Gégout, 'The West, realism and intervention in the Democratic Republic of Congo', International Peacekeeping, April16: 2, 2009, pp. 231-44.
33. All three EU special representative posts in Africa were renewed for just a year, to 31 August2011.
34. Rosalind Marsden replaced Torben Brylle on Sudan from 1 Sept. 2010.
35. General Joana, in addition to his role as special adviser for African peacekeeping capabilities, acted for a short period (July-Dec. 2009) as Javier Solana's personal representative for Somalia, assisting coordination of sea and land efforts.
36. Ademola Abass, 'EU crisis management in Africa: progress, problems and prospects', in Steven Blockmans, ed., The European Union and crisis management (The Hague: Asser,2008), p. 328.
37. Benedikt Franke, 'EU-AU cooperation in capacity-building', in Joachim Koops, ed., 'Military crisis management: the challenge of effective inter-organizationalism', Studia Diplomatica 62: 3, Dec.2009.
38. Gorm Rye Olsen, 'The EU and military conflict management in Africa: for the good of Africa or Europe?', International Peacekeeping, April16: 2, 2009, pp. 245-60.
39. Birame Diop, 'A review of African peacekeeping', Journal of International Peace Operations, Jan.-Feb.4: 4, 2009, p. 30.
40. The role of the double-credited EU special representative for the AU and Head of the European Commission Delegation to the AU, currently occupied by Koen Vervaeke, has also been partly an experiment, used to provide lessons for a future EEAS: the EC Delegation office to the AU in Addis Ababa produced two concept notes on lessons learned for the EEAS.