Chinese influences on eighteenth-century tokugawa codes

Essays on China's Legal Tradition

Volumn , Issue , 2017, Pages 270-301

  Henderson, Dan Fenno ^a  

^a NONE

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EID: 77957279953     PISSN: None     EISSN: None     Source Type: Book    
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References (99)

1. Dan F. Henderson, “Chinese Legal Studies in Early 18th Century Japan: Scholars and Sources,” Journal of Asian Studies, Vol. 30 (1970), pp. 21–56.
2. Wolfgang Franke, An Introduction to the Sources of Ming History(Kuala Lumpur, 1968), p. 184.
3. Hiramatsu Yoshirō, Kinsei keiji soshōhō no kenkyū [Study of the Law of Criminal Procedure in the Pre-Modern Period], (To kyo, 1960), pp. 3–245.
4. Uchida Tomoo and Hihara Toshikuni, eds. [Ogyū Sorai Butsu Shigekimi] Ritsurei taishō teihon, Min ritsu kokujikai[Standard Text of the Ming Penal Code with Comments in Our Script; with Laws and Substatutes Cross-Referenced] (Tokyo, 1966 printing of the 1723–1725 work).
5. cf. Ōba Osamu, “Tokugawa Yoshimune to Ta Ch’ing hui-tien—Kyōhō jidai ni okeru Nisshin kōshō no ippan” [Tokugawa Yoshimune and the Ch’ing Code—an aspect of Sino-Japanese relations in the Kyōhō period (1716–1735)], Hōseishi kenkyū, Vol. 21 (1971), pp. 61–95.
6. Mizumoto Narumi, ed., Zōshū kunten Shin-ritsu isan[Enlarged Compendium of the Ch’ing Penal Code with Diacritical Markings Added], 12 vols, (kan) (Tokyo, 1874). Oba says parts of Fukami’s translation still exist. Cf. Ōba, p. 72.
7. Cf. Tezuka Yutaka, “Aizu han ‘Keisoku’ kō” [Thoughts on the “Criminal Rules” of the Aizu Domain], Keiō Gijuku Sōritsu hyakunen kinen rombunshū—hōgakubu[Commemorative Collection of Articles on the Centennial of Keio Gijuku, Law Faculty] (Tokyo, 1958), p. 81.
8. Hiramatsu. Cf. also Inoue Kazuo “Nihon kinsei hampō no seiritsu” [Establishment of Han Law of Pre-modem Japan], Shihō kenshujo-hō[Reports of the Legal Training and Research Institute], No. 14 (1955), pp. 88–153.
9. Hiramatsu. Cf. also Inoue Kazuo, Hampō bakufu-hō to ishin-hō [Domain Law, Shogunate Law and Restoration Law], 3 vols. (Tokyo, 1965 reprint; 1st printed 1940).
10. Hampō Kenkyūkai, compiler, Hampōshū [Collection of Domain Law], (Tokyo, 1961–1975). 12 vols.
11. Kobayakawa Kingo, “Min-ritsuryō no waga kinsei-hō ni oyobaseru eikyō” [Ming Code Influences Extending into our Law of the Pre-Modern Era (Tokugawa period)], Tōa jimbun gakuhō[Report of Studies in East Asian Culture], Vol. 4 (1945), pp. 197–257.
12. Maki Kenji, “Higo-han ‘Keihō sōsho’ no seiritsu; toku ni sono Minritsu sanshaku ni tsuite” [The Establishment of the ‘Draft Penal Law’ of the Higo Domain, Especially Concerning its Reference to the Ming Penal Code], Hōgaku ronsō [Kyoto LawReview], Vol. 48 (1943), pp. 701–745.
13. Kaneda Heūchirō, “Kumamoto-han ‘Keihō sōsho’ kō” [Thoughts on the “Draft Penal Law” of the Kumamoto Domain], Hōsei kenkyū [Studies of Law and Politics], Vol. 12 (1942), pp. 135–205.
14. Matsushita Chū, “Dai-Minritsu kenkyū ni okeru Kishū-han to Ken’engaku-ha” [Studies of the Great Ming Penal Code of the Kū Domain and the Ken’en Scholarly Group (Ogyū Sorai’s)], Wakayama daigaku gakugei gakubu kiyō, jimbun kagaku [Reports of the Department of Arts and Cultural Sciences, Wakayama University], Vol. 3 (1953), pp. 68–85.
15. Yaezu Yōhei, “ ‘Keihō sōsho’wo chushin to shita Kumamoto-han no keibatsu taikei nitsuite” [Concerning the System of Penalties of the Kumamoto Domain Centering on the “Draft Penal Code”], Hō to seiji [Law and Politics], Vol. 8 (1957), pp. 451–481.
16. Ebina Yōichi, “An’ei-ki no Hirosaki-han keihō—‘Kansei-Ritsu’ to no hikaku” [Comparison of the Criminal Law of the Hirosaki Domain in the An’ei Period (1772–1780) with its “Kansei (1789–1800) Code”], Hirosaki daigaku kokushi kenkyū [Studies in National History, Hirosaki University], Vols. 19–20 (1959), pp. 29–45.
17. Ebina, “Hirosaki han ‘Go-keihō-chō’ (Kansei [1789–1800] ritsu)” [“The Catalogue of Penal Law” (Kansei Code) of the Hirosaki Domain], Hirosaki daigaku kokushi kenkyū, Nos. 15 and 16 (1959), pp. 11–45 (mimeo.).
18. Fuse Yaheiji, “Tsugaru-han no ‘Keihō-chō’ ni tsuite,” [Concerning “The Catalogue of Penal Law” of the Tsugaru Domain], Nihon hōgaku [Japanese Jurisprudence], Vol. 21 (1955), pp. 144–172.
19. Tezuka Yutaka, “Aizu han ‘Keisoku’ kō” [Thoughts on the “Criminal Rules” of the Aizu Domain], Keiō Gijuku soritsuhyakunen kinen rombunshū—hōgakubu, pp. 81–130.
20. Tezuka Yutaka, “Wakayama-han ‘Kokuritsu’” [“The Provincial Penal Law” of the Wakayama Domain], Hōgaku kenkyū [Studies in Jurisprudence], Vol. 26 (1953), p. 425.
21. Tabe Hō, “Kyū Tsugaru-han hōritsu ippan” [An Aspect of the Law of the Old Tsugaru Domain], Hōgaku kyōkai zasshi [The Journal of the Jurisprudence Association], Vol. 10 (1892), pp. 144–177, 265–71, 387–90, 477–80, 573–78, 668–77, 745–48, 825–29.
22. Inoue Kazuo, Shohanno keibatsu[Penalties of the various domains], 458 pp. (Tokyo, 1965).
23. Ōba Osamu, and Matsushita Chū, Kishu no hangaku(Domain Scholarship in Kū Province), (Tokyo, 1974).
24. Kamata Hiroshi, “Kumamoto-han ni okeru keisei no tenkai” [Development of Penal Administration in the Kumamoto Domain], in Harafuji Hiroshi and Koyama Sadao, eds., Hō to kenryoku no shiteki kōsatsu—Sera kyōju kanreki kinen[Historical Considerations of Law and Authority—Commemoration of Professor Sera’s 60th Birthday], (1977), pp. 606–639.
25. Hiramatsu Yoshirō, “Ishin-ki Nagoya-han no tokei shiryo—Muratabon ‘Kyū-Nagoya-han Sadamegaki’” [Materials on imprisonment in the Nagoya Domain at the Restoration Period—the Murata book entitled, “Old Nagoya Domain Provisions”] in Meiji hōseishi-seijishi no sho-mondai—Tezuka Yutaka Kyōju taishoku kinen rombunshū[Various Problems in Meiji Legal and Political History—A Collection of Articles in Commemoration of Professor Tezuka Yutaka’s Retirement] (1977), pp. 581–605.
26. Ujinaga, “Ritsuryō yōryaku” [Essentials of Penal Laws and Regulations], Ishū Ryōsuke, ed., Kinsei hōsei shiryō sōsho[Compilation of Writings on Legal History of the Premodern period] (Tokyo, reprinted 1959; 1st printed 1941), p. 297.
27. “Ketsugokkō,” Arai Hakuseki zenshū[Complete Works of Aral Hakuseki], Vol. 5 (Tokyo, 1907), pp. 272–275.
28. Ta Ming hui-tien[Collected Institutes of the Great Ming] (1587 ed., reprinted Taipei, 1963), 355:31.
29. Ogyū, Ming Code and Commentary(1966), p. 100.
30. Miyazaki Michio, ed., Teibon Oritaku shiba no ki[Autobiographical Notes of Arai Hakuseki] (Tokyo, 1964), p. 439.
31. Miyazaki, Oritaku shiba no ki, pp. 433–436.
32. Huang-Ming T’ai-tsu shih-lu[Veritable Records of the Ming Emperor T’aitsu] 255th fascicle (Taipei reprint, 1966), p 3677.
33. Huang-ch’ao wen-hsien T'ung-K'ao[Compendium of Historical Records of the Ching Dynasty], 21st fascicle, official positions (chih-i), section 1 (Shanghai, 1936), p. 5047.
34. Sheng-tsu Shih-lu[The Veritable Records of the K’ang-his Emperor], 34th fascicle. Cf. also Hsiao Kung-ch’üan, p. 185.
35. “Yutokuin dono go-jikki” [Chronicles of Lord Yutokuin (Yoshimune)], Kuroita Katsumi, ed., Shintei zoho kokushi taikei[Revised and Supplemented Compendium of Japanese History] (Tokyo, 1934), Vol. 46, p. 245.
36. “Kenzan reitaku hisaku” [A Secret Policy of Kenzan] in Nihon keizai taiten [Compilation on the Japanese Economy], Vol. 4 (1928), p. 530.
37. Kyūsō’s tr. was entitled “Rikuyu engi tail” [The Broad Significance of the Amplification of the Six Admonitions], printed in Nihon kyōiku bunko[Library on Japanese Education], Vol. 2 (1910).
38. cf. Ronald Dore, Education in Tokugawa Japan(Berkeley, 1965), p. 252.
39. Henderson, “Promulgation of Tokugawa Statutes,” Journal of Asian and African Studies, Vol. 1 (Leiden, 1967), p. 9.
40. Tsuji Tatsuya, Kyōhō kaikaku no kenkyū[Study of the Kyōhō (1716–35) Reforms] (Tokyo, 1963), p. 119.
41. Tsuji Tatsuya, Tokugawa Yoshimune-kō den[Biography of Tokugawa Yoshimune] (1962), p. 237.
42. Ishū Ryōsuke, ed., Tokugawa kinreikō, bekkan [Notes on Tokugawa Regulations, Supplementary Volume] (Tokyo, 1961), p. 18.
43. TMHT, 355 (1587 ed., reprinted Taipei, 1963).
44. Ogyū, Ming Code and Commentary, (Tokyo reprint, 1966), p. 432.
45. Cf. George Thomas Staunton, Ta Tsing Leu Lee, (1810 ed., reprinted Taipei, 1966) p. 359.
46. Cf. Charles Hucker, The Censorial System of Ming China (Stanford, 1966), p. 98; cf. also Hucker, p. 100.
47. Cf. Derk Bodde and Clarence Morris, Law in Imperial China (Cambridge, Mass., 1967), pp. 352, 426, and 461.
48. Ishii Ryōsuke, Edo no keibatsu [Penalties of Edo], (Chūō Kōronsha, Tokyo, 1965) 202 pp.
49. cf. Hiramatsu, Kinsei keiji soshōhō no kenkyū, p. 912.
50. John Carey Hall, “Tokugawa Legislation IV,” Transactions of the Asiatic Society of Japan (hereafter Hall, TASJ), Vol. 41 (1913), p. 800.
51. Ishii Ryōsuke, Nihon hōseishi gaisetsu [General Survey of Japanese Legal History] (Tokyo, 1960), pp. 141–446, 174.
52. “Jikki,” Kokushi taikei, Vol. 46, p. 157.
53. Marius Jansen, “Tosa in the Sixteenth Century: the 100-Article Code of Chōsokabe Motochika,” John Hall and Marius Jansen, eds., Studies in the Institutional History of Early Modern Japan (Princeton, 1968), pp. 89, 101.
54. Cf. Hall, TASJ, Vol. 41, arts. 22, 23, 25, 26, 28, and 30, and other instances of later uses of fines as penalties, but not as redemption.
55. Kondō Iwao, Kaga Shōun-kō [Lord Shōun (Tsunanori) of Kaga Province], Vol. 2, p. 705.
56. Nakamura Kosho. Cf. “Shōun-kō go-yawa” in Kondō, Kaga Shoun-ko, p. 703.
57. Hall, TASJ, p. 799.
58. Kondō, Kaga Shōun-kō, Vol. 2, p. 702.
59. “Jikki,” Kokushi taikei, Vol. 46, p. 157.
60. Kondō, Kaga Shōun-kō, Vol. 2, p. 703. Again, this is the record of Tominaga Kazuma.
61. Cf. Hiramatsu, Kinsei keiji soshōhō no kenkyū, pp. 3, 458, and 844.
62. Ishio, Yoshihisa, “Kainan seiten, Kainan ritsurei no kenkyū” [Studies on the Kainan seiten and Kainan ritsurei Codes], Kansai daigaku hōgaku-ronshū, Vol. 16 (1966), pp. 263,318.
63. Ishio, Y., Kainan seiten no kenkyū [Study of the Kainan Seiten] (Osaka, 1969), p. 281. Cf. also his discussion of textual variations and other copies.
64. Cf. J. R. McEwan, The Political Writings ofOgyū Sorai (Cambridge, 1962), p. 4.
65. cf. Ishio, “Kainan seiten, Kainan ritsurei no kenkyū,” Kansai daigaku hōgaku ronshū, Vol. 15 (1965), pp. 57, 101, and 195.
66. Cf. Inoue Kazuo, Shohan no keibatsu, pp. 21–23.
67. “Kumamoto han go-keihō sōsho frei” [The Draft Penal Law of Kumamoto Han with Substatutes Appended], in Kyoto Teikoku Daigaku Hōgakubu, ed., Kinsei hampō shiryō shūsei [Collection of Historical Materials on Han Law of the Pre-Modern Period], Vol. 2 (Kyoto, 1943).
68. Maki, Hōgaku ronsō, Vol. 48 (1943), pp. 701–747.
69. Kaneda, Hōsei kenkyū, Vol. 12 (1942), pp. 135–205.
70. Yaezu Yōhei, Hō to seiji, Vol. 8 (1953), pp. 451–481.
71. Niida Noboru, “Shina ni okeru keibatsu taikei no henkan—toku ni jiyukei no hattatsu” [Changes in the System of Penalties in China—Especially the Development of the Penalty (Against) Freedom], Hōgaku kyōkai zasshi, Vol. 57 (1939), p. 405.
72. Tezuka Yutaka, “Nagaoka han no yoseba to Matsuyama [Takahashi] han no tokeisho” [Prisons of the Nagaoka and Matsuyama Domains], Hōgaku kenkyū, Vol. 31 (1953), p. 311.
73. Cf. Hiramatsu Yoshirō, “Nagoya-han no tsuihō-kei” [The Penalty of Banishment in the Nagoya Domain], Nagoya daigaku hōsei ronshū [Collection of Essays on Law and Politics, Nagoya University], Vol. 4, No. 1 (1952), pp. 1–53.
74. Kinsei hampō shiryō shūsei, Vol. 2, p. 3.
75. Cf. Tezuka Yutaka, “Wakayama-han Kokuritsu, Murata-hon” [The Provincial Penal Law of Wakayama Domain, the Murata Copy], Hōgaku kenkyū, Vol. 26 (1953), pp. 426, 427–451.
76. cf. Hirayama Kōzō, “Hōreki sannen no Kishū hampō” [Kii Domain Law of the Third Year of Hōreki], Wakayama daigaku gakugei gakubu kiyō, jimbun kagaku, shiryō-hen, No. 11 (1962), pp. 41–61.
77. Hirayama, “Kishū han hampō shūi” [Gleanings from the Kii Domain Law], Wakayama daigaku gakugei gakubu kiyo—jimbun kagaku, No. 14 (1964), pp. 25–35.
78. Hirayama, “Bunsei yonen no Kishū hampō” [Domain Law of Kii of the Fourth Year of Bunsei], Wakayama daigaku gakugei gakubu kiyō, jimbun kagaku, No. 15 (1965), pp. 29–44.
79. Tezuka, Hōgaku kenkyū, Vol. 26 (1953), p. 426.
80. Nanki Tokugawa-shi [History of the Tokugawa of Southern Kū], Vol. 17 (1910), pp. 1050–1084.
81. Tezuka, “Aizu han ‘Keisoku’ kō,” Keio Gijuku Sōritsu hyakunen kinen rombunshū, hōgakubu, p. 130, n. 5.
82. Cf. Ebina Yōichi, “Hirosaki han ‘Go-keihō-chō’,” Hirosaki daigaku kokushi kenkyū, Nos. 15 and 16 (1959), p. 11.
83. Nihon hōgaku, Vol. 21 (1955), p. 144.
84. Hirosaki-shi, ed., Hirosaki shishi, hansei-hen [History of Hirosaki City: Part on the Domain System] (Hirosaki, 1963).
85. Ebina Yōichi, Hirosaki daigaku kokushi kenkyū, Nos. 19–20.
86. Tabe, Hōgaku kyōkai zasshi, Vol. 10 (1892), p. 265.
87. Ebina, Hirosaki daigaku kokushi kenkyū, Nos. 19–20.
88. Yutaka Tezuka, “Aizu han ‘Keisoku’ ko,” (1958) p. 121. n.1.
89. Kasai Sukeharu, Kinsei hanko ni okeru shuppansho no kenkyū[Study of Books Published in the Han Schools of the Recent Era], (Tokyo, 1962), p. 606.
90. Otaki Toshiko, “Shibata-han ni okeru kashin kōsei ni tsuite” [Concerning the Composition of the Retainers in the Shibata Domain], Shigaku ronkō [Consideration of History], No. 4 (1957), p. 2.
91. Niida Gendō, “Shibata-han kenkyū” [Study of the Shibata Domain], Shigaku ronkō, No. 4 (1957), p. 7.
92. Niida Gendō, “Shibata-han ni okeru chigyō-sei yori hōrokusei e no suii ni tsuite” [Concerning the Transition from a FiefSystem to a Stipend System in the Shibata Domain], Essa, No. 14 (1958), p. 1–9.
93. Fujii Shigeo, “Igaku no kin ni tsuite” [Concerning the Prohibition of Unorthodoxies], Niigata daigaku kyōikugaku-bu kiyō [Bulletin of the Education Department, Niigata University] No. 5 (1964), pp. 115–130.
94. Fujii Shigeo, “Tō Min ritsu to hanpō to no kankei ni tsuite” [Concerning the Relationship between the Domain Law and the T’ang and Ming Codes], Niigata daigaku kyōikugaku-bu kiyō, Vol. 9 (1975), p. 61.
95. “Memorandum on Applying the New Penal Code,” Shibata-han shiryō, Vol.3 (1966), p. 359.
96. Ogyū, Ming Code and Commentary, p. 100.
97. Tezuka yutaka, Meiji shoki keihō-shi no kenkyū [Study of the History of Early Meiji Criminal Law] (Tokyo, 1956), pp. 7–8.
98. Kobayakawa Kingo, Meiji hōseishi-ron [Treatise on Meiji Legal History], Vol. 2 \gekan\, (Tokyo, 1940), p. 978.
99. Rikō Mitsuo and Kasumi Nobuhiko, “Hachigyaku rokugi wo meguru sho-mondai” [Various Problems Revolving Around the Eight Abominations and the Six Considerations] in Meiji hōseishi-seijishi no shomondai-Tezuka Yutaka Kyōju taishoku kinen Rombunshū [Various Problems in Meiji Legal and Political History—A Collection of Articles in Commemoration of Professor Tezuka Yutaka’s Retirement] (1977), pp. 1081–1127.