Much ado about religion: Religiosity, resource loss, and support for political violence

Journal of Peace Research

Volumn 47, Issue 5, 2010, Pages 575-587

  Canetti, Daphna ^a,b   Hobfoll, Stevan E ^c   Pedahzur, Ami ^d   Zaidise, Eran ^b,e  

^a MacMillan Center   (United States)

^b UNIVERSITY OF HAIFA   (Israel)

^c RUSH MEDICAL COLLEGE   (United States)

^d UNIVERSITY OF TEXAS AT AUSTIN   (United States)

^e WESTERN GALILEE COLLEGE   (Israel)

Author keywords

deprivation; Jews; Muslims; political violence; religion; resources; terrorism

Indexed keywords

EID: 77957225571     PISSN: 00223433     EISSN: 14603578     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1177/0022343310368009     Document Type: Article

References (93)

1. Amara, Muhammad & Izhak Schnell (2004.) Identity repertoires among Arabs in Israel. Journal of Ethnic and Migration Studies 30(1): 175-193.
2. American Association for Public Opinion Research (2000) Standard Definitions: Final Dispositions of Case Codes and Outcomes Rates for Surveys. Ann Arbor, MI: AAPOR.
3. Anderson, Craig A & Brad J Bushman (2002) Aggression. Annual Review of Psychology 53: 27-51.
4. Appleby, Scott R (2000) The Ambivalence of the Sacred: Religion, Violence, and Reconciliation. New York: Rowman & Littlefield.
5. Azaiza, Faisal (2005) Parent-child relationships as perceived by Arab adolescents living in Israel. International Journal of Social Welfare 14(4): 297-304.
6. Bandura, Albert (1973) Aggression: A Social Learning Analysis. New York: Prentice Hall.
7. Baron, Reuben M & David A Kenny (1986) The moderator-mediator variable distinction in social psychological research: Conceptual, strategic, and statistical considerations. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 51(6): 1173-1182.
8. Bar-Tal, Daniel (1998) The rocky road toward peace: Beliefs on conflict in Israeli textbooks. Journal of Peace Research 35(6): 723-742.
9. Bar-Tal, Daniel (2000) Shared Beliefs in a Society: Social Psychological Analysis. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
10. Beit-Hallahmi, Benjamin (2001) Fundamentalism. In: Joel Krieger (ed.) The Oxford Companion to Politics of the World. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 298-299.
11. Ben-Meir, Yehuda & Peri Kedem (1979) Madad Datiut Avor Ha-Ochlosiya Ha'yehudit Be-Yisrael [Religiosity index for the Jewish population in Israel]. Megamot 24: 353-362 (in Hebrew).
12. Bollen, Kenneth A, 1989. Structural Equations with Latent Variables. New York: Wiley.
13. Boomsma, Anne (2000) Reporting analyses of covariance structures. Structural Equation Modeling 7(3): 461-482.
14. Brehm, John & Wendy Rahn (1997) Individual-level evidence for the causes and consequences of social capital. American Journal of Political Science 41(3): 999-1023.
15. Browne, Michael W & Robert Cudeck (1993) Alternative ways of assessing model fit. In: Kenneth A Bollen & J Scott Long (eds) Testing Structural Equation Models. Newbury Park, CA: Sage, 136-162.
16. Brush, Stephen G (1996) Dynamics of theory change in the social sciences: Relative deprivation and collective violence. Journal of Conflict Resolution 40(4): 523-545.
17. Canetti-Nisim, Daphna (2004) The effect of religiosity on endorsement of democratic values: The mediating influence of authoritarianism. Political Behavior 26(4): 377-398.
18. Canetti-Nisim, Daphna & Ami Pedahzur (2003) Contributory factors to political xenophobia in a multi-cultural society: The case of Israel. International Journal of Intercultural Relations 27(3): 307-333.
19. Central Bureau of Statistics (2002) Statistical Abstracts. Jerusalem: CBS.
20. Chemtob, Claude M; Roger S Hamada, Herbert L Roitblat & Miles Y Muraoka (1994) Anger, impulsivity, and anger control in combat-related posttraumatic stress disorder. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology 62(4): 827-832.
21. Cohen, Adam B; Joel I Siegel & Paul Rozin (2003) Faith versus practice: Different bases for religiosity judgments by Jews and Protestants. European Journal of Social Psychology 33(2): 287-295.
22. Crayton, John W (1983) Terrorism and the psychology of the self. In: Lawrence Zelic Freedman & Yonah Alexander (eds) Perspectives on Terrorism. Wilmington, DE: Scholarly Resources, 33-41.
23. Crenshaw, Martha (1986) The psychology of political terrorism. In: Margaret G. Hermann (ed.) Political Psychology. San Francisco, CA: Jossey-Bass, 379-413.
24. Crenshaw, Martha (1992) How terrorists think: What psychology can contribute to understanding terrorism. In: Lawrence Howard (ed.) Terrorism: Roots, Impact, Responses. New York: Praeger, 71-80.
25. Davies, James Chowning (1973) Aggression, violence, revolution and war. In: Jeanne Nickell Knutsen (ed.) Handbook of Political Psychology. San Francisco, CA: Jossey-Bass, 234-260.
26. Fanon, Frantz (1965) The Wretched of the Earth. New York: Pelican. Reprint of Les Damnes de la Terre (Paris, 1961).
27. Finkel, Steven E (1985) Reciprocal effects of participation and political efficacy: A panel analysis. American Journal of Political Science 29(4): 891-913.
28. Fox, Jonathan (2003) Do Muslims engage in more domestic conflict than other religious groups? Civil War 6(1): 27-46.
29. Freedy, John R; Michael E Saladin, Dean G Kilpatrick, Heidi S Resnick & Benjamin E Saunders (1994) Understanding acute psychological distress following natural disaster. Journal of Traumatic Stress 7(2): 257-273.
30. Friedlander, Yechiel; Jeremy D Kark, Nathan A Kaufmann & Yechezkiel Stein (1985) Coronary heart disease risk factors among religious groupings in a Jewish population sample in Jerusalem. American Journal of Clinical Nutrition 42(3): 511.
31. Fryer, David & Rose Fagan (2003) Toward a critical community psychological perspective on unemployment and mental health research. American Journal of Community Psychology 32(1-2): 89-96.
32. Ghanem, As'ad & Sarah Ozacky-Lazer (2001) Hazara Generalit: Arvie Yisrael Leahar Oslo [A general rehearsal: Israeli Arabs after Oslo]. The Morning After 2-3: 22-28 (in Hebrew).
33. Glock, Charles Y & Rodney Stark (1965) Religion and Society in Tension. Chicago, IL: Rand McNally.
34. Gurr, Ted Robert (1970) Why Men Rebel. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.
35. Halperin, Eran; Daphna Canetti-Nisim & Ami Pedahzur (2007) Threatened by the uncontrollable: Psychological and socio-economic antecedents of social distance towards labor migrants in Israel. International Journal of Intercultural Relations 31(4): 459-478.
36. Hasenclever, Andreas & Volker Rittberger (2000) Does religion make a difference? Theoretical approaches to the impact of faith on political conflict. Millennium: Journal of International Studies 29(3): 641-674.
37. Hobfoll, Stevan E (1988) The Ecology of Stress. New York: Hemisphere.
38. Hobfoll, Stevan E (1989) Conservation of resources: A new attempt at conceptualizing stress. American Psychologist 44(3): 513-524.
39. Hobfoll, Stevan E (1998) Stress, Culture, and Community: The Psychology and Philosophy of Stress. New York: Plenum.
40. Hobfoll, Stevan E & Roy S Lilly (1993) Resource conservation as a strategy for community psychology. Journal of Community Psychology 21(2): 128-148.
41. Hobfoll, Stevan E; Daphna Canetti-Nisim & Robert Johnson (2006) Exposure to terrorism, stress-related mental health symptoms, and defensive coping among a nationally representative sample in Israel. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology 74(2): 207-218.
42. Hoffman, Bruce (1998) Inside Terrorism. New York: Columbia University Press.
43. Huntington, Samuel P (1996) The West: Unique, not universal. Foreign Affairs 75(6): 28-46.
44. Iacobucci, Dawn; Neela Saldanha & Xiaoyan Deng (2007) A meditation on mediation: Evidence that structural equations models perform better than regressions. Journal of Consumer Psychology 17(2): 139-153.
45. Joreskog, Karl & Dag Sorbom (1994) Structural Equation Modeling with the SIMPLIS Command Language. Chicago, IL: Scientific Software International.
46. Juergensmeyer, Mark (2001) Terror in the Mind of God: The Global Rise of Religious Violence. Berkeley, CA: University of California Press.
47. Krosnick, Jon A & Leandre R Fabrigar (2001) Designing Good Questionnaires: Insights from Psychology. New York: Oxford University Press.
48. Landau, Simau F; Benjamin Beit-Hallahmi & Shlomit Levy (1998) The personal and the political: Israelis' perceptions of personal well-being in times of war and peace. Social Indicators Research 44(3): 329-365.
49. Laqueur, Walter (1987) The Age of Terrorism. Boston, MA: Little, Brown.
50. Levy, Shlomit; Hanna Levinsohn & Elihu Katz (2002) Beliefs, Observances, and Social Interaction Among Israeli Jews. Jerusalem: Avi-Chai.
51. Lifton, Robert Jay (2000) Destroying the World to Save It: Aum Shinrikyo and the New Global Terrorism. New York: Holt.
52. Mansbach, Ivonne Kleinfeld & Charles W Greenbaum (1999) Developmental maturity expectations of Israeli fathers and mothers: Effects of education, ethnic origin, and religiosity. International Journal of Behavioral Development 23(3): 771-797.
53. Marquart-Pyatt, Sandra & Pamela Paxton (2007) In principle and in practice: Learning political tolerance in Eastern and Western Europe. Political Behavior 29(1): 89-113.
54. McGregor, Holly A; Joel D Lieberman, Jeff Greenberg, Sheldon Solomon, Jamie Arndt, Linda Simon & Tom Pyszczynski (1998) Terror management and aggression: Evidence that mortality salience motivates aggression against worldview threatening others. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 74(3): 590-605.
55. Merari, Ariel & Nehemia Friedland (1985) Social psychological aspects of political terrorism. Applied Social Psychology Annual 6: 185-205.
56. Moore, Dahlia & Salem Awiess (2002) Hatred of 'Others'among Jewish, Arab, and Palestinian students in Israel. Analyses of Social Issues and Public Policy 2(1): 151-172.
57. Mughan, Anthony & Pamela Paxton (2006) Anti-immigrant sentiment, policy preferences and populist party voting in Australia. British Journal of Political Science 36(2): 341-358.
58. Nachtwey, Jodi & Mark Tessler (2002) The political economy of attitudes toward peace among Palestinians and Israelis. Journal of Conflict Resolution 46(2): 260.
59. Norris, Fran H (2001) Measuring exposure to the events of September 11, 2001: Pretest results and stress/loss norms obtained from a minimally exposed but diverse sample of college students. National Institutes of Health, Office of Behavioral and Social Sciences Research (obssr.od.nih.gov/Activities/911/norris%209-11%20pilot%20results.doc), retrieved 15 January 2003.
60. Norris, Fran H & Krzysztof Kaniasty (1996) Received and perceived social support in times of stress: A test of the social support deterioration deterrence model. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 71(3): 498-511.
61. Olsson, Peter A (1988) The terrorist and the terrorized: Some psychoanalytic considerations. Journal of Psychohistory 16(1): 47-60.
62. Paxton, Pamela & Sheri Kunovich (2003) Women's political representation. Social Forces 82(1): 87-113.
63. Paxton, Pamela & Anthony Mughan (2006) What's to fear from immigrants? Creating an assimilationist threat scale. Political Psychology 27(4): 549-568.
64. Pearlstein, Richard Merrill (1991) The Mind of the Political Terrorist. Wilmington, DE: SR.
65. Pedahzur, Ami & Arie Perliger (2006) The changing nature of suicide terrorism: A social network perspective. Social Forces 84(4): 1987-2008.
66. Pedahzur, Ami; Badi Hasisi & Avraham Brichta (2000) A proposed model for explaining political violence in Israel. World Affairs 163(1): 18-27.
67. Philpott, Daniel (2007) Explaining the political ambivalence of religion. American Political Science Review 101(3): 505-525.
68. Post, Jerrold M (1998) Terrorist psycho-logic: Terrorist behavior as a product of psychological forces. In: W. Reich (ed.) Origins of Terrorism: Psychologies, Ideologies, Theologies, States of Mind. Washington, DC: Woodrow Wilson Center Press, 25-40.
69. Post, Jerrold M (2004) Leaders and their Followers in a Dangerous World: The Psychology of Political Behavior. Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press.
70. Rapoport, David C (1984) Fear and trembling: Terrorism in three religious traditions. American Political Science Review 78(3): 658-677.
71. Raykov, Tenko; Adrian Tomer & John R Nesselroade (1991) Reporting structural equation modeling results in psychology and aging: Some proposed guidelines. Psychology and Aging 6(4): 499-503.
72. Sageman, Marc (2004) Understanding Terror Networks. Philadelphia, PA: University of Pennsylvania Press.
73. Sageman, Marc (2008) Leaderless Jihad: Terror Networks in the Twenty-First Century. Philadelphia, PA: University of Pennsylvania Press.
74. Sandler, Todd & Henry E Lapan (1988) The calculus of dissent: An analysis of terrorists' choice of targets. Synthése 76(2): 245-261.
75. Sandler, Todd; John T Tschirhart & Jon Cauley (1983) A theoretical analysis of transnational terrorism. American Political Science Review 77(1): 36-54.
76. Schmid, Alex (1983) Political Terrorism: A Research Guide to the Concepts, Theories, Databases and Literature. With a Bibliography by the Author and a World Directory of 'Terrorist' Organizations by Albert. J. Jongman. Amsterdam: North Holland.
77. Shaw, Eric D (1986) Political terrorists: Dangers of diagnosis and an alternative to the psychopathological model. International Journal of Law and Psychiatry 8(3): 359-68.
78. Slone, Michelle (2003) The Nazareth riots: Arab and Jewish Israeli adolescents pay a different psychological price for participation. Journal of Conflict Resolution 47(6): 817.
79. Smooha, Sammy (1992) Arabs and Jews in Israel (Vol. 2). Boulder, CO: Westview.
80. Smooha, Sammy (2004) Index of Arab-Jewish Relations in Israel 2004. Haifa: The Jewish-Arab Center, University of Haifa; Jerusalem: The Citizens' Accord Forum between Jews and Arabs in Israel; Tel Aviv: Friedrich Ebert Stiftung.
81. Sprinzak, Ehud (1999) Brother Against Brother: Violence and Extremism in Israeli Politics from Altalena to the Rabin Assassination. New York: Free Press.
82. Stark, Rodney & Charles Y Glock (1968) American Piety. Berkeley, CA: University of California Press.
83. Stern, Jessica (2003) Terror in the Name of God: Why Religious Militants Kill. New York: Ecco-Harper Collins.
84. Taylor, Maxwell & Ethel Quayle (1994) Terrorist Lives. London: Brassey's.
85. Tessler, Mark (1990) The intifada and political discourse in Israel. Journal of Palestine Studies 19(2): 43-61.
86. Tessler, Mark (2002) Do Islamic orientations influence attitudes toward democracy in the Arab world: Evidence from Egypt, Jordan, Morocco, and Algeria. International Journal of Comparative Sociology 43(3-5): 229-249.
87. Tessler, Mark (2003) Arab and Muslim political attitudes: Stereotypes and evidence from survey research. International Studies Perspectives 4(2): 175-181.
88. Thompson, John L P (1989) Deprivation and political violence in Northern Ireland, 1922-1985: A time-series analysis. Journal of Conflict Resolution 33(4): 676-699.
89. Victoroff, Jeffrey (2005) The mind of the terrorist. Journal of Conflict Resolution 49(1): 3-42.
90. Whitaker, Ben (1972) The Fourth World: Victims of Group Oppression: Eight Reports from the Fieldwork of the Minority Rights Group. New York: Schocken.
91. Wilson, Margaret A (2000) Towards a model of terrorist behavior in hostage-taking incidents. Journal of Conflict Resolution 44(4): 403-424.
92. Yuchtman-Yaar, Ephraim & Tamar Hermann (1998) The latitude of acceptance: Israeli attitudes toward political protest before and after the assassination of Yitzhak Rabin. Journal of Conflict Resolution 42(6): 721-743.
93. Zaidise, Eran; Daphna Canetti-Nisim & Ami Pedahzur (2007) Politics of God or politics of man? The role of religion and deprivation in predicting support for political violence in Israel. Political Studies 55(3): 499-521.