메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 4, Issue 8, 2010, Pages 576-589

Language in Schizophrenia Part 1: An Introduction

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords


EID: 77957138203     PISSN: None     EISSN: 1749818X     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1111/j.1749-818X.2010.00216.x     Document Type: Review
Times cited : (207)

References (118)
  • 1
    • 0021038893 scopus 로고
    • Do positive symptom and negative symptom subtypes of schizophrenia show qualitative differences in language production?
    • Allen H A. Do positive symptom and negative symptom subtypes of schizophrenia show qualitative differences in language production? Psychological Medicine 1983, 13:787-97.
    • (1983) Psychological Medicine , vol.13 , pp. 787-797
    • Allen, H.A.1
  • 2
    • 0021170557 scopus 로고
    • Positive and negative symptoms and the thematic organisation of schizophrenic speech
    • Allen H A. Positive and negative symptoms and the thematic organisation of schizophrenic speech. The British Journal of Psychiatry 1984, 144:611-7.
    • (1984) The British Journal of Psychiatry , vol.144 , pp. 611-617
    • Allen, H.A.1
  • 6
    • 0018691033 scopus 로고
    • Thought, language and communication disorders. I. Clinical assessment, definition of terms, and evaluation of their reliability
    • Andreasen N C. Thought, language and communication disorders. I. Clinical assessment, definition of terms, and evaluation of their reliability. Archives of General Psychiatry 1979a, 36:1315-21.
    • (1979) Archives of General Psychiatry , vol.36 , pp. 1315-1321
    • Andreasen, N.C.1
  • 7
    • 0018663169 scopus 로고
    • Thought, language and communication disorders. II. Diagnostic significance
    • Andreasen N C. Thought, language and communication disorders. II. Diagnostic significance. Archives of General Psychiatry 1979b, 36:1325-30.
    • (1979) Archives of General Psychiatry , vol.36 , pp. 1325-1330
    • Andreasen, N.C.1
  • 8
    • 0022487802 scopus 로고
    • The scale for assessment of thought, language and communication (TLC)
    • Andreasen N C. The scale for assessment of thought, language and communication (TLC). Schizophrenia Bulletin 1986, 12:473-82.
    • (1986) Schizophrenia Bulletin , vol.12 , pp. 473-482
    • Andreasen, N.C.1
  • 10
    • 0001513285 scopus 로고
    • Depth of automatic spreading activation: mediated priming effects in pronunciation but not in lexical decision
    • Balota D A, Lorch R F. Depth of automatic spreading activation: mediated priming effects in pronunciation but not in lexical decision. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition 1986, 12:336-45.
    • (1986) Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition , vol.12 , pp. 336-345
    • Balota, D.A.1    Lorch, R.F.2
  • 14
    • 44749084727 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The cognitive neuroscience of working memory: relevance to CNTRICS and schizophrenia
    • Barch D M, Smith E. The cognitive neuroscience of working memory: relevance to CNTRICS and schizophrenia. Biological Psychiatry 2008, 64:11-7.
    • (2008) Biological Psychiatry , vol.64 , pp. 11-17
    • Barch, D.M.1    Smith, E.2
  • 16
    • 23944483535 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cognition in schizophrenia: impairments, determinants, and functional importance
    • 626
    • Bowie C R, Harvey P D. Cognition in schizophrenia: impairments, determinants, and functional importance. The Psychiatric Clinics of North America 2005, 28:613-33. 626
    • (2005) The Psychiatric Clinics of North America , vol.28 , pp. 613-633
    • Bowie, C.R.1    Harvey, P.D.2
  • 17
    • 47249112489 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Communication abnormalities predict functional outcomes in chronic schizophrenia: differential associations with social and adaptive functions
    • Bowie C R, Harvey P D. Communication abnormalities predict functional outcomes in chronic schizophrenia: differential associations with social and adaptive functions. Schizophrenia Research 2008, 103:240-7.
    • (2008) Schizophrenia Research , vol.103 , pp. 240-247
    • Bowie, C.R.1    Harvey, P.D.2
  • 18
    • 18844442580 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Proverb comprehension reconsidered--'theory of mind' and the pragmatic use of language in schizophrenia
    • Brune M, Bodenstein L. Proverb comprehension reconsidered--'theory of mind' and the pragmatic use of language in schizophrenia. Schizophrenia Research 2005, 75:233-9.
    • (2005) Schizophrenia Research , vol.75 , pp. 233-239
    • Brune, M.1    Bodenstein, L.2
  • 19
    • 0036249748 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Evidence for early-childhood, pan-developmental impairment specific to schizophreniform disorder: results from a longitudinal birth cohort
    • Cannon M, Caspi A, Moffitt T E, Harrington H, Taylor A, Murray R M, Poulton R. Evidence for early-childhood, pan-developmental impairment specific to schizophreniform disorder: results from a longitudinal birth cohort. Archives of General Psychiatry 2002, 59:449-56.
    • (2002) Archives of General Psychiatry , vol.59 , pp. 449-456
    • Cannon, M.1    Caspi, A.2    Moffitt, T.E.3    Harrington, H.4    Taylor, A.5    Murray, R.M.6    Poulton, R.7
  • 21
    • 0000451620 scopus 로고
    • A linguist looks at 'schizophrenic' language
    • Chaika E. A linguist looks at 'schizophrenic' language. Brain and Language 1974, 1:257-76.
    • (1974) Brain and Language , vol.1 , pp. 257-276
    • Chaika, E.1
  • 22
    • 0001503743 scopus 로고
    • Confusion of figurative and literal usages of words by schizophrenics and brain damaged patients
    • Chapman L J. Confusion of figurative and literal usages of words by schizophrenics and brain damaged patients. Journal of Abnormal and Social Psychology 1960, 60:412-6.
    • (1960) Journal of Abnormal and Social Psychology , vol.60 , pp. 412-416
    • Chapman, L.J.1
  • 23
    • 0026436695 scopus 로고
    • Context, cortex, and dopamine: a connectionist approach to behaviour and biology in schizophrenia
    • Cohen J D, Servan-Schreiber D. Context, cortex, and dopamine: a connectionist approach to behaviour and biology in schizophrenia. Psychological Review 1992, 99:45-77.
    • (1992) Psychological Review , vol.99 , pp. 45-77
    • Cohen, J.D.1    Servan-Schreiber, D.2
  • 24
    • 58149409019 scopus 로고
    • A spreading activation theory of semantic processing
    • Collins A M, Loftus E F. A spreading activation theory of semantic processing. Psychological Review 1975, 82:407-28.
    • (1975) Psychological Review , vol.82 , pp. 407-428
    • Collins, A.M.1    Loftus, E.F.2
  • 25
    • 76049091125 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Building coherence and cohesion: a framework for exploring the breakdown of links across clause boundaries in schizophrenia
    • 'Language in Schizophrenia,' Special Issue
    • Ditman T, Kuperberg G R. Building coherence and cohesion: a framework for exploring the breakdown of links across clause boundaries in schizophrenia. Journal of Neurolinguistics 2010, 23:254-69. 'Language in Schizophrenia,' Special Issue
    • (2010) Journal of Neurolinguistics , vol.23 , pp. 254-269
    • Ditman, T.1    Kuperberg, G.R.2
  • 26
    • 0029005140 scopus 로고
    • Communication disturbances in schizophrenia: a two-process formulation
    • Docherty N M. Communication disturbances in schizophrenia: a two-process formulation. Comprehensive Psychiatry 1995, 36:182-6.
    • (1995) Comprehensive Psychiatry , vol.36 , pp. 182-186
    • Docherty, N.M.1
  • 27
    • 18644379952 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cognitive impairments and disordered speech in schizophrenia: thought disorder, disorganization, and communication failure perspectives
    • Docherty N M. Cognitive impairments and disordered speech in schizophrenia: thought disorder, disorganization, and communication failure perspectives. Journal of Abnormal Psychology 2005, 114:269-78.
    • (2005) Journal of Abnormal Psychology , vol.114 , pp. 269-278
    • Docherty, N.M.1
  • 29
    • 0032898030 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Immediate memory, attention and communication disturbances in schizophrenia patients and their relatives
    • Docherty N M, Gordinier S W. Immediate memory, attention and communication disturbances in schizophrenia patients and their relatives. Psychological Medicine 1999, 29:189-97.
    • (1999) Psychological Medicine , vol.29 , pp. 189-197
    • Docherty, N.M.1    Gordinier, S.W.2
  • 32
  • 33
    • 34249326562 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Quantifying incoherence in speech: an automated methodology and novel application to schizophrenia
    • Elvevag B, Foltz P W, Weinberger D R, Goldberg T E. Quantifying incoherence in speech: an automated methodology and novel application to schizophrenia. Schizophrenia Research 2007, 93:304-16.
    • (2007) Schizophrenia Research , vol.93 , pp. 304-316
    • Elvevag, B.1    Foltz, P.W.2    Weinberger, D.R.3    Goldberg, T.E.4
  • 34
    • 0042848912 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The synaptic hypothesis of schizophrenia
    • Frankle W G, Lerma J, Laruelle M. The synaptic hypothesis of schizophrenia. Neuron 2003, 39:205-16.
    • (2003) Neuron , vol.39 , pp. 205-216
    • Frankle, W.G.1    Lerma, J.2    Laruelle, M.3
  • 36
    • 0016683162 scopus 로고
    • A linguist looks at 'schizophrenic' language
    • Fromkin V A. A linguist looks at 'schizophrenic' language. Brain and Language 1975, 2:498-503.
    • (1975) Brain and Language , vol.2 , pp. 498-503
    • Fromkin, V.A.1
  • 37
    • 0036300451 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Longitudinal assessment of premorbid cognitive functioning in patients with schizophrenia through examination of standardized scholastic test performance
    • Fuller R, Nopoulos P, Arndt S, O'Leary D, Ho B C, Andreasen N C. Longitudinal assessment of premorbid cognitive functioning in patients with schizophrenia through examination of standardized scholastic test performance. The American Journal of Psychiatry 2002, 159:1183-9.
    • (2002) The American Journal of Psychiatry , vol.159 , pp. 1183-1189
    • Fuller, R.1    Nopoulos, P.2    Arndt, S.3    O'Leary, D.4    Ho, B.C.5    Andreasen, N.C.6
  • 38
    • 0003315182 scopus 로고
    • Methodological approach to the study of schizophrenic thought disorder
    • Kasanin J. ed. by, Berkeley, California, University of California Press
    • Goldstein K. Methodological approach to the study of schizophrenic thought disorder. Language and thought in schizophrenia 1944, Kasanin J. ed. by, Berkeley, California, University of California Press
    • (1944) Language and thought in schizophrenia
    • Goldstein, K.1
  • 39
    • 0342779471 scopus 로고
    • Some formal characteristics of schizophrenic speech as a measure of social deviance
    • Hammer M, Salzinger K. Some formal characteristics of schizophrenic speech as a measure of social deviance. Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences 1965, 105:861-9.
    • (1965) Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences , vol.105 , pp. 861-869
    • Hammer, M.1    Salzinger, K.2
  • 41
    • 0015740459 scopus 로고
    • Language structure and predictability in overinclusive patients
    • Hart D S, Payne R W. Language structure and predictability in overinclusive patients. The British Journal of Psychiatry 1973, 123:643-52.
    • (1973) The British Journal of Psychiatry , vol.123 , pp. 643-652
    • Hart, D.S.1    Payne, R.W.2
  • 42
    • 0021229756 scopus 로고
    • The consistency of thought disorder in mania and schizophrenia. An assessment of acute psychotics
    • Harvey P D, Earle-Boyer E A, Wielgus M S. The consistency of thought disorder in mania and schizophrenia. An assessment of acute psychotics. The Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease 1984, 172:458-63.
    • (1984) The Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease , vol.172 , pp. 458-463
    • Harvey, P.D.1    Earle-Boyer, E.A.2    Wielgus, M.S.3
  • 44
    • 0020034390 scopus 로고
    • Apprehending schizophrenic discourse: a structural analysis of the listener's task
    • Hoffman R E, Kirstein L, Stopek S, Cicchetti D V. Apprehending schizophrenic discourse: a structural analysis of the listener's task. Brain and Language 1982, 15:207-33.
    • (1982) Brain and Language , vol.15 , pp. 207-233
    • Hoffman, R.E.1    Kirstein, L.2    Stopek, S.3    Cicchetti, D.V.4
  • 45
    • 0002173459 scopus 로고
    • An analysis of grammatical deviance occurring in spontaneous schizophrenic speech
    • Hoffman R E, Sledge W. An analysis of grammatical deviance occurring in spontaneous schizophrenic speech. Journal of Neurolinguistics 1988, 3:89-101.
    • (1988) Journal of Neurolinguistics , vol.3 , pp. 89-101
    • Hoffman, R.E.1    Sledge, W.2
  • 48
    • 0023606101 scopus 로고
    • The positive and negative syndrome scale (PANSS) for schizophrenia
    • Kay S R, Fiszbein A, Opler L A. The positive and negative syndrome scale (PANSS) for schizophrenia. Schizophrenia Bulletin 1987, 13:261-76.
    • (1987) Schizophrenia Bulletin , vol.13 , pp. 261-276
    • Kay, S.R.1    Fiszbein, A.2    Opler, L.A.3
  • 49
    • 34249098291 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Verbal communication impairments and cognitive control components in people with schizophrenia
    • Kerns J G. Verbal communication impairments and cognitive control components in people with schizophrenia. Journal of Abnormal Psychology 2007, 116:279-89.
    • (2007) Journal of Abnormal Psychology , vol.116 , pp. 279-289
    • Kerns, J.G.1
  • 50
    • 0036224571 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cognitive impairments associated with formal thought disorder in people with schizophrenia
    • Kerns J G, Berenbaum H. Cognitive impairments associated with formal thought disorder in people with schizophrenia. Journal of Abnormal Psychology 2002, 111:211-24.
    • (2002) Journal of Abnormal Psychology , vol.111 , pp. 211-224
    • Kerns, J.G.1    Berenbaum, H.2
  • 52
    • 39049159162 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • An event-related brain potential study of direct and indirect semantic priming in schizophrenia
    • Kiang M, Kutas M, Light G A, Braff D L. An event-related brain potential study of direct and indirect semantic priming in schizophrenia. The American Journal of Psychiatry 2008, 165:74-81.
    • (2008) The American Journal of Psychiatry , vol.165 , pp. 74-81
    • Kiang, M.1    Kutas, M.2    Light, G.A.3    Braff, D.L.4
  • 55
    • 0035972684 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Differential activation of temporal cortex during sentence completion in schizophrenic patients with and without formal thought disorder
    • Kircher T T, Bullmore E T, Brammer M J, Williams S C, Broome M R, Murray R M, McGuire P K. Differential activation of temporal cortex during sentence completion in schizophrenic patients with and without formal thought disorder. Schizophrenia Research 2001a, 50:27-40.
    • (2001) Schizophrenia Research , vol.50 , pp. 27-40
    • Kircher, T.T.1    Bullmore, E.T.2    Brammer, M.J.3    Williams, S.C.4    Broome, M.R.5    Murray, R.M.6    McGuire, P.K.7
  • 56
    • 0034894216 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Neural correlates of formal thought disorder in schizophrenia: preliminary findings from a functional magnetic resonance imaging study
    • Kircher T T, Liddle P F, Brammer M J, Williams S C, Murray R M, McGuire P K. Neural correlates of formal thought disorder in schizophrenia: preliminary findings from a functional magnetic resonance imaging study. Archives of General Psychiatry 2001b, 58:769-74.
    • (2001) Archives of General Psychiatry , vol.58 , pp. 769-774
    • Kircher, T.T.1    Liddle, P.F.2    Brammer, M.J.3    Williams, S.C.4    Murray, R.M.5    McGuire, P.K.6
  • 60
    • 67349210624 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Why all the confusion? Experimental task explains discrepant semantic priming effects in schizophrenia under " automatic" conditions: evidence from event-related potentials
    • Kreher D A, Goff D, Kuperberg G R. Why all the confusion? Experimental task explains discrepant semantic priming effects in schizophrenia under " automatic" conditions: evidence from event-related potentials. Schizophrenia Research 2009, 111:174-81.
    • (2009) Schizophrenia Research , vol.111 , pp. 174-181
    • Kreher, D.A.1    Goff, D.2    Kuperberg, G.R.3
  • 61
    • 49049117410 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Neural evidence for faster and further automatic spreading activation in schizophrenic thought disorder
    • Kreher D A, Holcomb P J, Goff D, Kuperberg G R. Neural evidence for faster and further automatic spreading activation in schizophrenic thought disorder. Schizophrenia Bulletin 2008, 34:473-82.
    • (2008) Schizophrenia Bulletin , vol.34 , pp. 473-482
    • Kreher, D.A.1    Holcomb, P.J.2    Goff, D.3    Kuperberg, G.R.4
  • 62
    • 33750441861 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • An electrophysiological investigation of indirect semantic priming
    • Kreher D A, Holcomb P J, Kuperberg G R. An electrophysiological investigation of indirect semantic priming. Psychophysiology 2006, 43:550-63.
    • (2006) Psychophysiology , vol.43 , pp. 550-563
    • Kreher, D.A.1    Holcomb, P.J.2    Kuperberg, G.R.3
  • 65
    • 76749155654 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Behavioral and electrophysiological approaches to understanding language dysfunction in neuropsychiatric disorders: insights from the study of schizophrenia
    • Wood S J, Allen N B, Pantelis C. ed. by, New York, Cambridge University Press
    • Kuperberg G R, Ditman T, Kreher D A, Goldberg T E. Behavioral and electrophysiological approaches to understanding language dysfunction in neuropsychiatric disorders: insights from the study of schizophrenia. The neuropsychology of mental illness 2009, 67-95. Wood S J, Allen N B, Pantelis C, ed. by, New York, Cambridge University Press
    • (2009) The neuropsychology of mental illness , pp. 67-95
    • Kuperberg, G.R.1    Ditman, T.2    Kreher, D.A.3    Goldberg, T.E.4
  • 67
    • 76749156104 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • What can event-related potentials tell us about language, and perhaps even thought, in schizophrenia?
    • Special Issue on Language and Psychophysiology
    • Kuperberg G R, Kreher D A, Ditman T. What can event-related potentials tell us about language, and perhaps even thought, in schizophrenia? International Journal of Psychophysiology 2010, 75:66-76. Special Issue on Language and Psychophysiology
    • (2010) International Journal of Psychophysiology , vol.75 , pp. 66-76
    • Kuperberg, G.R.1    Kreher, D.A.2    Ditman, T.3
  • 69
    • 0000600219 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A solution to Plato's problem: the latent semantic analysis theory of acquisition, induction, and representation of knowledge
    • Landauer T K, Dumais S T. A solution to Plato's problem: the latent semantic analysis theory of acquisition, induction, and representation of knowledge. Psychological Review 1997, 104:211-40.
    • (1997) Psychological Review , vol.104 , pp. 211-240
    • Landauer, T.K.1    Dumais, S.T.2
  • 70
    • 56549091312 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A cortical network for semantics: (de)constructing the N400
    • Lau E F, Phillips C, Poeppel D. A cortical network for semantics: (de)constructing the N400. Nature Reviews Neuroscience 2008, 9:920-33.
    • (2008) Nature Reviews Neuroscience , vol.9 , pp. 920-933
    • Lau, E.F.1    Phillips, C.2    Poeppel, D.3
  • 71
    • 28544436939 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Working memory impairments in schizophrenia: a meta-analysis
    • Lee J, Park S. Working memory impairments in schizophrenia: a meta-analysis. Journal of Abnormal Psychology 2005, 114:599-611.
    • (2005) Journal of Abnormal Psychology , vol.114 , pp. 599-611
    • Lee, J.1    Park, S.2
  • 73
    • 0036308284 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Schizophrenia as a disorder of neurodevelopment
    • Lewis D A, Levitt P. Schizophrenia as a disorder of neurodevelopment. Annual Review of Neuroscience 2002, 25:409-32.
    • (2002) Annual Review of Neuroscience , vol.25 , pp. 409-432
    • Lewis, D.A.1    Levitt, P.2
  • 74
    • 0023260373 scopus 로고
    • The symptoms of chronic schizophrenia. A re-examination of the positive- negative dichotomy
    • Liddle P F. The symptoms of chronic schizophrenia. A re-examination of the positive- negative dichotomy. The British Journal of Psychiatry 1987, 151:145-51.
    • (1987) The British Journal of Psychiatry , vol.151 , pp. 145-151
    • Liddle, P.F.1
  • 75
    • 0027033573 scopus 로고
    • Syndromes of schizophrenia on factor analysis
    • Liddle P F. Syndromes of schizophrenia on factor analysis. The British Journal of Psychiatry 1992, 161:861.
    • (1992) The British Journal of Psychiatry , vol.161 , pp. 861
    • Liddle, P.F.1
  • 76
    • 24344491101 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Quantitative assessment of the frequency of normal associations in the utterances of schizophrenia patients and healthy controls
    • Maher B A, Manschreck T C, Linnet J, Candela S. Quantitative assessment of the frequency of normal associations in the utterances of schizophrenia patients and healthy controls. Schizophrenia Research 2005, 78:219-24.
    • (2005) Schizophrenia Research , vol.78 , pp. 219-224
    • Maher, B.A.1    Manschreck, T.C.2    Linnet, J.3    Candela, S.4
  • 77
    • 84976962499 scopus 로고
    • Redundancy, pause distributions and thought disorder in schizophrenia
    • Maher B A, Manschreck T C, Molino M A. Redundancy, pause distributions and thought disorder in schizophrenia. Language and Speech 1983, 26:191-9.
    • (1983) Language and Speech , vol.26 , pp. 191-199
    • Maher, B.A.1    Manschreck, T.C.2    Molino, M.A.3
  • 78
    • 0019436340 scopus 로고
    • Formal thought disorder, the type-token ratio and disturbed voluntary motor movement in schizophrenia
    • Manschreck T C, Maher B A, Ader D N. Formal thought disorder, the type-token ratio and disturbed voluntary motor movement in schizophrenia. The British Journal of Psychiatry 1981, 139:7-15.
    • (1981) The British Journal of Psychiatry , vol.139 , pp. 7-15
    • Manschreck, T.C.1    Maher, B.A.2    Ader, D.N.3
  • 82
    • 0030910869 scopus 로고
    • Longitudinal course of thought disorder in schizophrenia and schizoaffective disorder
    • Marengo J T, Harrow M. Longitudinal course of thought disorder in schizophrenia and schizoaffective disorder. Schizophrenia Bulletin 1987, 23:273-85.
    • (1987) Schizophrenia Bulletin , vol.23 , pp. 273-285
    • Marengo, J.T.1    Harrow, M.2
  • 84
    • 0022488028 scopus 로고
    • Evaluating bizzarre-idiosyncratic thinking: a comprehensive index of positive thought disorder
    • Marengo J T, Harrow M, Lanin-Kettering I, Wilson A. Evaluating bizzarre-idiosyncratic thinking: a comprehensive index of positive thought disorder. Schizophrenia Bulletin 1986, 12:497-509.
    • (1986) Schizophrenia Bulletin , vol.12 , pp. 497-509
    • Marengo, J.T.1    Harrow, M.2    Lanin-Kettering, I.3    Wilson, A.4
  • 85
    • 0036307212 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • N400 and automatic semantic processing abnormalities in patients with schizophrenia
    • Mathalon D H, Faustman W O, Ford J M. N400 and automatic semantic processing abnormalities in patients with schizophrenia. Archives of General Psychiatry 2002, 59:641-8.
    • (2002) Archives of General Psychiatry , vol.59 , pp. 641-648
    • Mathalon, D.H.1    Faustman, W.O.2    Ford, J.M.3
  • 86
    • 0029011179 scopus 로고
    • A comparative study of thought disorder in acute and chronic schizophrenia
    • Mazumdar P K, Chaturvedi S K, Gopinath P S. A comparative study of thought disorder in acute and chronic schizophrenia. Psychopathology 1995, 28:185-9.
    • (1995) Psychopathology , vol.28 , pp. 185-189
    • Mazumdar, P.K.1    Chaturvedi, S.K.2    Gopinath, P.S.3
  • 89
    • 0000598820 scopus 로고
    • Depth of spreading activation revisited: semantic mediated priming occurs in lexical decisions
    • McNamara T P, Altarriba J. Depth of spreading activation revisited: semantic mediated priming occurs in lexical decisions. Journal of Memory and Language 1988, 27:545-59.
    • (1988) Journal of Memory and Language , vol.27 , pp. 545-559
    • McNamara, T.P.1    Altarriba, J.2
  • 90
    • 0015130194 scopus 로고
    • Facilitation in recognizing pairs of words: Evidence of a dependence between retrieval operations
    • Meyer D E, Schvaneveldt R W. Facilitation in recognizing pairs of words: Evidence of a dependence between retrieval operations. Journal of Experimental Psychology 1971, 20:227-34.
    • (1971) Journal of Experimental Psychology , vol.20 , pp. 227-234
    • Meyer, D.E.1    Schvaneveldt, R.W.2
  • 91
    • 18744400527 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Right hemisphere language functions and schizophrenia: the forgotten hemisphere?
    • Mitchell R L, Crow T J. Right hemisphere language functions and schizophrenia: the forgotten hemisphere? Brain 2005, 128:963-78.
    • (2005) Brain , vol.128 , pp. 963-978
    • Mitchell, R.L.1    Crow, T.J.2
  • 93
    • 0020572334 scopus 로고
    • Language complexity and age of onset of schizophrenia
    • Morice R D, Ingram J C L. Language complexity and age of onset of schizophrenia. Psychiatry Research 1983, 9:233-42.
    • (1983) Psychiatry Research , vol.9 , pp. 233-242
    • Morice, R.D.1    Ingram, J.C.L.2
  • 95
    • 0037290126 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Increased automatic spreading of activation in thought-disordered schizophrenic patients
    • Moritz S, Woodward T S, Kuppers D, Lausen A, Schickel M. Increased automatic spreading of activation in thought-disordered schizophrenic patients. Schizophrenia Research 2002, 59:181-6.
    • (2002) Schizophrenia Research , vol.59 , pp. 181-186
    • Moritz, S.1    Woodward, T.S.2    Kuppers, D.3    Lausen, A.4    Schickel, M.5
  • 96
    • 33745200629 scopus 로고
    • Semantic priming and retrieval from lexical memory: Roles of inhibitionless spreading activation and limited-capacity attention
    • Neely J H. Semantic priming and retrieval from lexical memory: Roles of inhibitionless spreading activation and limited-capacity attention. Journal of Experimental Psychology: General 1977, 106:226-54.
    • (1977) Journal of Experimental Psychology: General , vol.106 , pp. 226-254
    • Neely, J.H.1
  • 97
    • 67149142257 scopus 로고
    • Semantic priming effects in visual word recognition: a selective review of current findings and theories
    • Besner D, Humphreys G W. ed. by, Hillsdale, NJ, Erlbaum
    • Neely J H. Semantic priming effects in visual word recognition: a selective review of current findings and theories. Basic processes in reading and visual word recognition 1991, 264-333. Besner DHumphreys G W. ed. by, Hillsdale, NJ, Erlbaum
    • (1991) Basic processes in reading and visual word recognition , pp. 264-333
    • Neely, J.H.1
  • 98
    • 0021888522 scopus 로고
    • Rating verbal communication impairment in schizophrenia and affective disorders
    • Oltmanns T F, Murphy R, Berenbaum H, Dunlop S R. Rating verbal communication impairment in schizophrenia and affective disorders. Schizophrenia Bulletin 1985, 11:292-9.
    • (1985) Schizophrenia Bulletin , vol.11 , pp. 292-299
    • Oltmanns, T.F.1    Murphy, R.2    Berenbaum, H.3    Dunlop, S.R.4
  • 99
    • 0035825212 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The New York high-risk project: observations on the rating of early manifestations of schizophrenia
    • Ott S L, Allen J, Erlenmeyer-Kimling L. The New York high-risk project: observations on the rating of early manifestations of schizophrenia. American Journal of Medical Genetics 2001, 105:25-7.
    • (2001) American Journal of Medical Genetics , vol.105 , pp. 25-27
    • Ott, S.L.1    Allen, J.2    Erlenmeyer-Kimling, L.3
  • 106
    • 84937290999 scopus 로고
    • A comparison of clinical and linguistic indices of deviance in the verbal discourse of schizophrenics
    • Sanders L M, Adams J, Tager-Flusberg H. A comparison of clinical and linguistic indices of deviance in the verbal discourse of schizophrenics. Applied Psycholinguistics 1995, 16:325-38.
    • (1995) Applied Psycholinguistics , vol.16 , pp. 325-338
    • Sanders, L.M.1    Adams, J.2    Tager-Flusberg, H.3
  • 110
    • 0027368201 scopus 로고
    • The psychopathology, neuropsychology, and neurobiology of associative and working memory in schizophrenia
    • Spitzer M. The psychopathology, neuropsychology, and neurobiology of associative and working memory in schizophrenia. European Archives of Psychiatry and Clinical Neuroscience 1993, 243:57-70.
    • (1993) European Archives of Psychiatry and Clinical Neuroscience , vol.243 , pp. 57-70
    • Spitzer, M.1
  • 111
    • 0027739750 scopus 로고
    • Associative semantic network dysfunction in thought-disordered schizophrenic patients: direct evidence from indirect semantic priming
    • Spitzer M, Braun U, Hermle L, Maier S. Associative semantic network dysfunction in thought-disordered schizophrenic patients: direct evidence from indirect semantic priming. Biological Psychiatry 1993, 34:864-77.
    • (1993) Biological Psychiatry , vol.34 , pp. 864-877
    • Spitzer, M.1    Braun, U.2    Hermle, L.3    Maier, S.4
  • 113
    • 0000997226 scopus 로고
    • 'Cloze' procedure: a new tool for measuring readability
    • Taylor W. 'Cloze' procedure: a new tool for measuring readability. Journalism Quarterly 1953, 30:415-33.
    • (1953) Journalism Quarterly , vol.30 , pp. 415-433
    • Taylor, W.1
  • 114
    • 0023392254 scopus 로고
    • Positive and negative symptoms of schizophrenia and linguistic performance
    • Thomas P F, King K, Fraser W I. Positive and negative symptoms of schizophrenia and linguistic performance. Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica 1987, 76:144-51.
    • (1987) Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica , vol.76 , pp. 144-151
    • Thomas, P.F.1    King, K.2    Fraser, W.I.3
  • 115
    • 0025021086 scopus 로고
    • Linguistic performance in schizophrenia: a comparison of acute and chronic patients
    • Thomas P, King K, Fraser W I, Kendell R E. Linguistic performance in schizophrenia: a comparison of acute and chronic patients. The British Journal of Psychiatry 1990, 156:204-10.
    • (1990) The British Journal of Psychiatry , vol.156 , pp. 204-210
    • Thomas, P.1    King, K.2    Fraser, W.I.3    Kendell, R.E.4


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.