Comparison of renewable fuels based on their land use using energy densities

Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews

Volumn 14, Issue 9, 2010, Pages

  Dijkman, T J ^a   Benders, R M J ^a  

^a Center for Energy and Environmental Studies IVEM   (Netherlands)

Author keywords

Biofuels; Land use; Solar electricity; Wind electricity

Indexed keywords

BIOFUELS; CROPS; LAND USE; SUGAR BEETS; TURBINES; WOOD FUELS;

ANNUAL ENERGY PRODUCTIONS; AVERAGE ENERGY DENSITIES; CROP CULTIVATION; ENERGY CARRIERS; ENERGY PRODUCTIONS; GEOGRAPHICAL VARIATIONS; SOLAR ELECTRICITY; WIND ELECTRICITY;

BIOETHANOL;

EID: 77957051526     PISSN: 13640321     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.rser.2010.07.029     Document Type: Review

References (68)

1. 2 emitter last year: Dutch agency 2009 Retrieved on December 29, 2009 from http://afp.google.com/article/ ALeqM5hpUFpTuPEYeWAvZ-DD3P4XrlG-uA
2. European Council. Directive 2009/28/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 23 April 2009 on the promotion of the use of energy from renewable sources and amending and subsequently repealing Directives 2001/77/EC and 2003/30/EC. Retrieved on October 21, 2009 from http://eur-lex.europa.eu/ LexUriServ/LexUriServ.do?uri=OJ:L:2009:140:0016:0062:EN:PDF.
3. D. Cocco Comparative study on energy sustainability of biofuel production chains Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part A: Journal of Power and Energy 221 2007 637 645
4. C. Boehmel, I. Lewandowski, and W. Claupein Comparing annual and perennial energy cropping systems with different management intensities Agricultural Systems 96 2008 224 236
5. G. Fischer, S. Prieler, H. Van Velthuizen, S.M. Lensink, M. Londo, and M. De Wit Biofuel production potentials in Europe: sustainable use of cultivated land and pastures. Part I: Land productivity potentials Biomass and Bioenergy 34 2010 173 187
6. M.P.J. Van der Voort, R.D. Timmer, W. Van Geel, W. Runia, and W.J. Corré Economie van energiegewassen 2008 Praktijkonderzoek Plant & Omgeving Wageningen [in Dutch]
7. H. Haciseferoullari, M. Acarolu, and I. Gezer Determination of the energy balance of the sugar beet plant Energy Sources 25 2003 15 22
8. R. Spinelli, C. Nati, and N. Magagnotti Harvesting and transport of root biomass from fast-growing poplar plantations Silva Fennica 39 2005 539 548
9. J. Tzilivakis, D.J. Warner, M. May, K.A. Lewis, and K. Jaggard Agricultural Systems 85 2005 101 119
10. K.-J. Hülsbergen, B. Feil, S. Biermann, G.-W. Rathke, W.-D. Kalk, and W. Diepenbrock A method of energy balancing in crop production and its application in a long-term fertilizer trial Agriculture, Ecosystems and Environment 86 2001 303 321
11. 2 emission reduction potential Biomass and Bioenergy 31 2007 276 283
12. S. Nonhebel Energy yields in intensive and extensive biomass production system Biomass and Bioenergy 22 2002 159 167
13. J. Bos, J. de Haan, and W. Sukkel Energieverbruik, broeikasgasemissies en koolstofopslag: De biologische en gangbare landbouw vergeleken 2007 Wageningen UR Wageningen
14. I. Lewandowski, and A. Heinz Delayed harvest of miscanthus: influences on biomass quantity and quality and environmental impacts of energy production European Journal of Agronomy 19 2003 45 63
15. FAOStat. Data retrieved on August 26 and September 17, 2008 from http://faostat.fao.org/site/567/DesktopDefault.aspx?PageID=567#ancor.
16. P. Janulis Reduction of energy consumption in biodiesel fuel life cycle Renewable Energy 29 2004 261 871
17. T. Thamsiriroj, and J.D. Murphy Is it better to import palm oil from Thailand to produce biodiesel in Ireland than to produce biodiesel from indigenous Irish rape seed Applied Energy 86 2009 595 604
18. R.G. Nelson, and M.D. Schrock Energetic and economic feasibility associated with the production, processing, and conversion of beef tallow to a substitute diesel fuel Biomass and Bioenergy 30 2006 584 591
19. S. Zinoviev, S. Vranes, A. Sivasamy, and S. Miertus Decision support tools for assessment of biofuels and biofuel production technologies 2008 Retrieved on October 29, 2008 from http://www.ics.trieste.it/Portal/ ActivityDocument.aspx?id=4716
20. J.M. Henke, G. Klepper, and N. Schmitz Tax exemption for biofuels in Germany: is bio-ethanol really an option for climate policy? Energy 30 2005 2617 2635
21. A. Karp, and I. Shield Bioenergy from plants and the sustainable yield challenge New Phytologist 179 2008 15 32
22. J. Malca, and F. Freire Renewability and life-cycle energy efficiency of bioethanol and bio-ethyl tertiary butyl ether (bioETBE): assessing the implications of allocation Energy 31 2006 3362 3380
23. J. Dai, S. Sokhansanj, J.R. Grace, X. Bi, C.J. Lin, and S. Melin Overview and some issues related to co-firing biomass and coal The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering 86 2008 367 386
24. H.D. Schilling How did the efficiency of coal-fired power stations evolve, and what can be expected in the future? 2009 Retrieved on December 29, 2009 from http://www.sealnet.org/s/8.pdf
25. R.E. Sims, A. Hastings, B. Schlamadinger, G. Taylor, and P. Smith Energy crops: current status and future prospects Global Change Biology 12 2006 2054 2076
26. 2 emissions between biomass energy conversion techniques: position of supercritical water gasification in biomass technologies Biomass and Bioenergy 25 2003 257 272
27. DeWind DeWind D6 technical brochure 2008 Retrieved July 8, 2008 from http://www.compositetechcorp.com/DeWind/Dewind-6-A4-small.pdf
28. DeWind DeWind D8-2 technical brochure 2008 Retrieved July 8, 2008 from http://www.compositetechcorp.com/DeWind/Dewind-D8-2-A4-small.pdf
29. Enercon Product overview 2008 Retrieved July 8, 2008 from http://www.enercon.de/www/en/broschueren.nsf/vwwebAnzeige/ 15686F537B20CA13C125719400261D37/$FILE/ENERCON-Productoverview-en.pdf
30. Nordex N100/2500KW product brochure 2008 Retrieved July 10, 2008 from http://www.nordex-online.com/en/products-services/wind-turbines/n100-25-mw.html? no-cache=1
31. Nordex. Product data sheet N90 (2.5 MW). 2008 Retrieved July 8, from http://www.nordex-online.com/en/products-br-services/wind-turbines/n90-25-mw/ product-data-sheet-n90-25mw.html?no-cache=1.
32. Nordex Datenblatt N80 (2.5 MW) 2008 Retrieved July 10, 2008 from http://www.nordex-online.com/en/products-services/wind-turbines/n80-25-mw/ product-data-sheet-n80-25mw.html?no-cache=1
33. Vestas Product brochure V90 2008 Retrieved July 8, 2008 from http://www.vestas.com/en/wind-power-solutions/wind-turbines/3.0-mw.aspx
34. Vestas Product brochure V80-2.0MW 2008 Retrieved July 8, 2008 from http://www.vestas.com/en/wind-power-solutions/wind-turbines/2.0-mw
35. Vestas V82-1.65 MW product brochure 2008 Retrieved July 8, 2008 from http://www.vestas.com/en/wind-power-solutions/wind-turbines/1.65-mw
36. M. Hoogwijk, B. De Vries, and W. Turkenburg Assessment of the global and regional geographical, technical and economic potential of onshore wind energy Energy Economics 26 2004 889 919
37. Danish Wind Industry Association Park effect 2008 Retrieved July 10, 2008 from http://www.windpower.org/en/tour/wres/park.htm
38. Windatlas Europe section 2009 Retrieved on October 30, 2009 from http://www.windatlas.dk/Europe/Index.htm
39. E. Martínez, F. Sanz, S. Pellegrini, E. Jiménez, and J. Blanco Life cycle assessment of a multi-megawatt wind turbine Renewable Energy 34 2009 667 673
40. R.H. Crawford Life cycle energy and greenhouse emissions analysis of wind turbines and the effect of size on energy yield Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews 13 2009 2653 2660
41. F. Ardente, M. Beccali, M. Cellura, and V. Lo Brano Energy performances and life cycle assessment of an Italian wind farm Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews 12 2008 200 217
42. B. Tremeac, and F. Meunier Life cycle analysis of 4.5MW and 250W wind turbines Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews 13 2009 2104 2110
43. A. Goetzberger, C. Hebling, and H.W. Schock Photovoltaic materials, history, status and outlook Materials Science and Engineering 40 2003 1 46
44. M. úri, T.A. Huld, E.D. Dunlop, and H.A. Ossenbrink Potential of solar electricity generation in the European Union member states and candidate countries Solar Energy 81 2007 1295 1305
45. BE Netz Strom aus der Sonne: Photovoltaikanlage EFH 2008 Retrieved on July 17, 2008 from. http://www.benetz.ch/docs/30/content-243-de.pdf
46. Florida Solar Energy Center How to interpret and use data 2008 Retrieved July 17, 2008, from http://www.fsec.ucf.edu/en/industry/monitoring/pv/use- interp-data.htm
47. Solarinfo.lu Photovoltaik module 2008 Retrieved on July 17, 2008 from http://www.solarinfo.lu/struct/02-photovoltaik/01-funktion/module.htm
48. Solar City AG The power of the sun works here 2009 Retrieved on February 18, 2009 from http://www.city-solar-ag.com/index.php?id=91
49. Juwi Solar Lieberose solar farm becomes Germany's biggest, world's second-biggest 2010 Retrieved on March 1, 2010 from http://www.juwi.com/ fileadmin/user-upload/juwi.com/PM-Opening-Lieberose-2009.08.20-final.pdf
50. Solar Energy Development Waldpolenz Energy Park 2010 Retrieved on March 1, 2010 from http://renewableenergydev.com/red/solar-energy-waldpolenz-solar- park/
51. R. García-Valverde, C. Miguel, R. Martínez-Béjar, and A. Urbina Life cycle assessment study of a 4.2 kWp stand-alone photopholtaic system Solar Energy 83 2009 1434 1445
52. Statistics Sweden Yield per hectar and total production in regions for different crops. Yearly data. 1965-2007 2009 Retrieved on February 3, 2009 from http://www.ssd.scb.se/databaser/makro/Visavar.asp?yp=tansss&xu= C9233001&huvudtabell=SkordarL&deltabell=01&deltabellnamn= Yield+per+hectar+and+total+production+in+regions+for+different+crops. +Yearly+data.&omradekod=JO&omradetext= Agriculture%2C+forestry+and+fishery&preskat=O&innehall= HektarSkord&starttid=1965&stopptid=2007&Prodid=JO0601&fromSok= &Fromwhere=S&lang=2&langdb=2
53. Statistics Netherlands Akkerbouwgewassen, productie naar regio (in Dutch) 2009 Retrieved on November 21, 2009 from http://statline.cbs.nl/StatWeb/ publication/?DM=SLNL&PA=7100oogs&D1=2&D2=15,30&D3=5&D4= 6-14&HDR=G3,T&STB=G2,G1&VW=T
54. F.A. Toro Chacón Techno-economic assessment of biofuel production in the European Union 2009 Retrieved on January 29, 2009 from http://www.isi.fhg.de/publ/downloads/isi04a09/Biofuel.pdf
55. Swedish Forest Agency Forest land: increment 2009 Retrieved on November 21, 2009 from http://www.skogsstyrelsen.se/minskog/Templates/EPFileListing.asp? id=16745
56. G.E.E. Caron, L. Kuiper, and R.C.E. Van den Broek Landschapsstroom: Energetische benutting van biomassa uit natuurterreinen (in Dutch) 2009 Retrieved on November 21, 2009 from http://www.senternovem.nl/mmfiles/ Landschapsstroom%20- %20Energetische%20benutting%20van%20biomassa%20uit%20natuurterreinen-tcm24- 204531.pdf
57. F.T. Maestre, and J. Cortina Are Pinus halepensis plantations useful as a restoration tool in semiarid Mediterranean areas? Forest Ecology and Management 198 2004 303 317
58. H. Bergström Wind resource mapping of Sweden using the MIUU-model 2009 Retrieved on January 29, 2009 from http://www.energimyndigheten.se/Global/ Filer%20-%20Om%20oss/Vindkraft/ Wind%20resource%20mapping%20of%20Sweden%20using%20the%20MIUU%20model%20ver%2007 0330.pdf
59. SenterNovem Windkaart van Nederland op 100 meter hoogte 2009 SenterNovem (in Dutch) Arnhem Retrieved on January 29, 2009 from http://www.senternovem.nl/ mmfiles/Windkaart%20van%20Nederland-tcm24-201743.pdf
60. M. Gastón, E. Pascal, L. Frías, I. Martí, U. Irigoyen, and E. Cantero Wind resources map of Spain at mesoscale: methodology and validation 2009 Retrieved on January 29, 2009 from http://www.cener.com/ documentacion/Wind%20resources%20map%20at%20mesoscale-PaperEwec08.pdf
61. European Communities PV estimation utility 2009 Retrieved on January 22, 2009 from http://re.jrc.ec.europa.eu/pvgis/apps/pvest.php?lang=en&map=europe
62. L.H. Nielsen, and K. Jørgensen Electric vehicles and renewable energy in the transport sector: energy system consequences. Main focus: battery electric vehicles and hydrogen based fuel cell vehicles 2009 Retrieved on November 11, 2009 from http://www.risoe.dk/rispubl/sys/syspdf/ris-r-1187.pdf
63. A.M. Svensson, S. Møller-Holst, R. Glöckner, and O. Maurstad Well-to-wheel study of passenger vehicles in the Norwegian energy system Energy 32 2007 437 445
64. F. Carlsson, and O. Johansson-Stenman Costs and benefits of electric vehicles: a 2010 perspective Journal of Transport Economics and Policy 37 2003 1 28
65. J.L. Lamont, and Y. Lambrechts Koolzaad, het nieuwe goud? Teelttechniek van koolzaad 2005 Ministerie van de Vlaamse Gemeenschap, Administratie beheer en kwaliteit landbouwproductie, afdeling voorlichting Brussels [in Dutch]
66. 2 life-cycle analyses of wind turbines: review and applications Renewable Energy 26 2002 339 362
67. M. Raugei, S. Bargigli, and S. Ulgiati Life cycle assessment and energy pay-back time of advanced photovoltaic modules: CdTe and CIS compared to poly-Si Energy 32 2007 1310 1318
68. K. Jørgensen Technologies for electric, hybrid, and hydrogen vehicles: electricity from renewable energy sources in transport Utility Policy 16 2008 72 79