Why does Turkey seek European union membership? A historical institutional approach

Turkish Studies

Volumn 11, Issue 3, 2010, Pages 371-386

  Camyar, Isa ^a   Tagma, Halit Mustafa ^b  

^a UNIVERSITY OF LOUISIANA AT LAFAYETTE   (United States)

^b SABANCI UNIVERSITY   (Turkey)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EID: 77956961569     PISSN: 14683849     EISSN: 17439663     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1080/14683849.2010.507104     Document Type: Article

References (64)

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15. Ataov, NATO and Turkey
16. Tekeli and Ilkin, Turkey and EC.
17. Eralp, "Turkey and the European Community"
18. Muftuler-Bac, "Through the Looking Glass: Turkey in Europe".
19. Muftuler-Bac, Turkey's Relations with a Changing Europe.
20. Eralp, "Turkey and the European Community".
21. Muftuler-Bac, Turkey's Relations with a Changing Europe.
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27. Karpat, Turkish Foreign Policy.
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29. Muftuler-Bac, Turkey's Relations with a Changing Europe.
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37. A widely cited example of path dependency is the QWERTY keyboard. Once QWERTY became widespread, it was increasingly costly to switch back to the "F" keyboard.
38. Paul David, "Clio and the Economics of QWERTY," American Economic Review, Vol. 75 (1985), pp. 332-337.
39. Collier and Collier, Shaping the Political Arena, p. 27.
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41. Ibid., p. 252.
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46. The literature emphasizes Turkish modernization as an elite-driven process. While we agree at one level that indeed there was a top-down inserted model of change, we find it problematic that the literature does not emphasize the origins of this project. We agree that there were exogenous shocks that set the Turkish modernization project in motion, such as the initial attempts of the Ottoman Empire to modernize its army. However what the literature cannot account for is, once the external threat environment improved, why the Turkish political elite continued to take a specifically Westernizing path to modernization. In other words, without bringing in a perspective that analytically emphasizes the perpetuation of ideas, interests and institutions, one cannot account for the reproduction of the Westernization project. Moreover the literature acknowledges that 'Westernization' was not the only available option for the Turkish elite to 'modernize' but there were a wide range of options to keep up with changing international dynamics. However we are not provided with a solid understanding as to why one option was chosen over another, and why the option once chosen-Westernization- became to be understood as the 'only' option. Again, we believe that the analytics of a historical institutionalist analysis is the key.
47. Eric Zurcher, Turkey: A Modern History (New York: I.B. Tauris, 1997).
48. Ibid., p. 28
49. Ibid., p. 41
50. Shaw and Kural-Shaw, History of the Ottoman Empire and Modern Turkey
51. Zurcher, Turkey: A Modern History.
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