Does fuels management accomplish restoration in southwest Oregon, USA, chaparral? Insights from age structure

Fire Ecology

Volumn 6, Issue 2, 2010, Pages 76-96

  Duren, Olivia C ^a   Muir, Patricia S ^a  

^a OREGON STATE UNIVERSITY   (United States)

Author keywords

Age structure; Arctostaphylos viscida; Ceanothus cuneatus; Chaparral; Fuels management; Grazing; Klamath region; Obligate seeder; Southwest Oregon

Indexed keywords

AGE STRUCTURE; ECOSYSTEM MANAGEMENT; ECOSYSTEM RESPONSE; ENVIRONMENTAL DEGRADATION; FIRE MANAGEMENT; FOREST MANAGEMENT; GRAZING; LAND MANAGEMENT; PLANT COMMUNITY; RESTORATION ECOLOGY;

OREGON; UNITED STATES;

ARCTOSTAPHYLOS UVA-URSI; ARCTOSTAPHYLOS VISCIDA; CEANOTHUS; CEANOTHUS CUNEATUS;

EID: 77956948508     PISSN: None     EISSN: 19339747     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.4996/fireecology.0602076     Document Type: Article

References (74)

1. Agee, J.K. 1991. Fire history along an elevational gradient in the Siskiyou Mountains, Oregon. Northwest Science 65: 188-199.
2. Atzet, T., and D.L. Wheeler. 1982. Historical and ecological perspectives on fire activity in the Klamath Geological Province of the Rogue River and Siskiyou National Forests. Forest Service Publication R6-Range-102, Portland, Oregon, USA.
3. Biswell, H.H., and J.H. Gilman. 1961. Brush management in relation to fire and other environmental factors on the Tehama deer winter range. California Fish and Game 47: 357-389.
4. Christensen, N.L., and C.H. Muller. 1975. Effects of fire on controlling plant growth in Adenostoma chaparral. Ecological Monographs 45: 29-55. doi: 10.2307/1942330
5. Cione, N.K., P.E. Padgett, and E.B. Allen. 2002. Restoration of a native shrubland impacted by exotic grasses, frequent fire, and nitrogen deposition in southern California. Restoration Ecology 10: 376-384. doi: 10.1046/j.1526-100X.2002.02038.x
6. Delgado, J.A., J.M. Serrano, F. Lopez, and F.J. Acosta. 2001. Heat shock, mass-dependent germination, and seed yield as related components of fitness in Cistus ladanifer. Environmental and Experimental Botany 46: 11-20. doi: 10.1016/S0098-8472(01)00076-4
7. Detling, L.E. 1961. The chaparral formation of southwestern Oregon, with considerations of its postglacial history. Ecology 42: 348-357. doi: 10.2307/1932085
8. Deveny, A.J., and L.R. Fox. 2006. Indirect interactions between browsers and seed predators affect the seed bank dynamics of a chaparral shrub. Oecologia 150: 69-77. doi: 10.1007/s00442-006-0503-3
9. Dieterich, J.H., and A.R. Hibbert. 1990. Fire history in a small ponderosa pine stand surrounded by chaparral. Pages 168-173 in: J.S. Krammes, technical coordinator. Effects of fire management of southwestern natural resources. Forest Service General Technical Report RM-19, Fort Collins, Colorado, USA.
10. Duncan, D.A., N.K. McDougald, and S.E. Westfall. 1987. Long-term changes from different uses of foothill hardwood rangelands. Pages 367-372 in: Proceedings of the symposium on multiple-use management of California's hardwood resources. Forest Service General Technical Report PSW-100, Berkeley, California, USA.
11. Duren, O.C. 2009. Chaparral history, dynamics, and response to disturbance in southwest Oregon: insights from age structure. Thesis, Oregon State University, Corvallis, USA. Accessed 6 January 2010.
12. Enright, N.J., and D. Goldblum. 1999. Demography of a non-sprouting and resprouting Hakea species (Proteaceae) in fire-prone Eucalyptus woodlands of southeastern Australia in relation to stand age, drought and disease. Plant Ecology 144: 71-82. doi: 10.1023/A:1009839800864
13. Gauthier, S., Y. Bergeron, and J.P. Simon. 1996. Effects of fire regime on the serotiny level of jack pine. Journal of Ecology 84: 539-548. doi: 10.2307/2261476
14. Goforth, B.R., and R.A. Minnich. 2007. Evidence, exaggeration, and error in historical accounts of chaparral wildfires in California. Ecological Applications 17: 779-790. doi: 10.1890/06-0831
15. Green, L.R. 1981. Burning by prescription in chaparral. Forest Service General Technical Report PSW-51, Berkeley, California, USA.
16. Haidinger, T.L., and J.E. Keeley. 1993. Role of high fire frequency in destruction of mixed chaparral. Madroño 40: 141-147.
17. Healthy Forest Restoration Act. 2003. Public Law no. 108-148. United States Statutes at Large 117: 1887-1915.
18. Hessburg, P.F., J.K. Agee, and J.F. Franklin. 2005. Dry forests and wildland fires of the inland northwest USA: contrasting the landscape ecology of the pre-settlement and modern eras. Forest Ecology and Management 211: 117-139. doi: 10.1016/j.foreco.2005.02.016
19. Hosten, P.E., O.E. Hickman, F.K. Lake, F.A. Lang, and D. Vesely. 2006. Oak woodlands and savannas. Pages 63-96 in: D. Apostol and M. Sinclair, editors. Restoring the Pacific northwest: the art and science of ecological restoration in Cascadia. Island Press, Washington, D.C., USA.
20. Hosten, P.E., H. Whitridge, D. Schuster, and J. Alexander. 2007. Livestock on the Cascade-Siskiyou National Monument: a summary of stocking rates, utilization, and management. Bureau of Land Management, Medford, Oregon, USA.
21. Howard, J.L. 1992. Arctostaphylos viscida. Fire effects information system online database. Forest Service. . Accessed 7 February 2007.
22. Jacobsen, A.L., S.D. Davis, and S.L. Babritius. 2004. Fire frequency impacts non-sprouting chaparral shrubs in the Santa Monica Mountains of southern California. Pages 1-5 in: M. Arianoutsou and V.P. Panastasis, editors. Ecology, conservation and management of Mediterranean climate ecosystems. Millpress, Rotterdam, Netherlands.
23. Jones, A. 2000. Effects of cattle grazing on North American arid ecosystems: a quantitative review. Western North American Naturalist 60: 155-164.
24. Kauffman, J.B., and R.E. Martin. 1991. Factors influencing the scarification and germination of three montane Sierra Nevada shrubs. Northwest Science 65: 180-187.
25. Keeley, J.E. 1987. Role of fire in seed germination of woody taxa in California chaparral. Ecology 68: 434-443. doi: 10.2307/1939275
26. Keeley, J.E. 1991. Seed germination and life history syndromes in the California chaparral. The Botanical Review 57: 81-116. doi: 10.1007/BF02858766
27. Keeley, J.E. 1992. Demographic structure of California chaparral in the long-term absence of fire. Journal of Vegetation Science 3: 79-90. doi: 10.2307/3236001
28. Keeley, J. E. 1993. Utility of growth rings in the age determination of chaparral shrubs. Madroño 40: 1-14.
29. Keeley, J.E. 2002. Fire management of California shrubland landscapes. Environmental Management 29: 395-408. doi: 10.1007/s00267-001-0034-Y
30. Keeley, J.E. 2007. Chaparral and fire. Fremontia 35: 16-21.
31. Keeley, J.E., and C.J. Fotheringham. 2001. Historic fire regime in southern California shrublands. Conservation Biology 15: 1536-1548. doi: 10.1046/j.1523-1739.2001.00097.x
32. Keeley, J.E., C.J. Fotheringham, and M. Baer-Keeley. 2005a. Determinants of postfire recovery and succession in Mediterranean-climate shrublands of California. Ecological Applications 15: 1515-1534. doi: 10.1890/04-1005
33. Keeley, J.E., C.J. Fotheringham, and M. Morais. 1999. Reexamining fire suppression impacts on brushland fire regimes. Science 284: 1829-1832. doi: 10.1126/science.284.5421.1829
34. Keeley, J.E., T.W. McGinnis, and K.A. Bollens. 2005b. Seed germination of Sierra Nevada postfire chaparral species. Madroño 52: 175-181. doi: 10.3120/0024-9637(2005)52[175:SGOSNP]2.0.CO;2
35. Keeley, J.E., A.H. Pfaff, and H.D. Safford. 2005c. Fire suppression impacts on post-fire recovery of Sierra Nevada chaparral shrublands. International Journal of Wildland Fire 14: 255-265. doi: 10.1071/WF05049
36. Keeley, J.E., and P.H. Zedler. 2009. Large, high intensity fire events in southern California shrublands: debunking the fine-grained age-patch model. Ecological Applications 19: 69-94. doi: 10.1890/08-0281.1
37. LaLande, J. 1995. An environmental history of the Little Applegate River watershed, Jackson County, Oregon. Forest Service, Medford, Oregon, USA.
38. League, K.R. 2005. Ceanothus cuneatus. Fire effects information system online database. Forest Service. < http://www.fs.fed.us/database/feis/plants/shrub/ceacun/all.html>. Accessed 12 February 2007.
39. McCune, B. 2006. Non-parametric habitat models with automatic interactions. Journal of Vegetation Science 17: 819-830. doi: 10.1111/j.1654-1103.2006.tb02505.x
40. McCune, B. 2007. Improved estimates of incident radiation and heat load using non-parametric regression against topographic variables. Journal of Vegetation Science 18: 751-754. doi: 10.1111/j.1654-1103.2007.tb02590.x
41. McCune, B., and J.B. Grace. 2002. Analysis of ecological communities. MjM Software, Gleneden Beach, Oregon, USA.
42. Merriam, K.E., J.E. Keeley, and J.L. Beyers. 2006. Fuel breaks affect nonnative species abundance in Californian plant communities. Ecological Applications 16: 515-527. doi: 10.1890/1051-0761(2006)016[0515:FBANSA]2.0.CO;2
43. Montygierd-Loyba, T.M., and J.E. Keeley. 1987. Demographic structure of Ceanothus megacarpus chaparral in the long absence of fire. Ecology 68: 211-213. doi: 10.2307/1938821
44. Moritz, M.A., J.E. Keeley, E.A. Johnson, and A.A. Schaffner. 2004. Testing a basic assumption of shrubland fire management: how important is fuel age? Frontiers in Ecology and Environment 2: 67-72. doi: 10.1890/1540-9295(2004)002[0067:TABAOS]2.0.CO;2
45. Nagel, T.A., and A.H. Taylor. 2005. Fire and persistence of montane chaparral in mixed conifer forest landscapes in the northern Sierra Nevada, Lake Tahoe basin, California, USA. Journal of the Torrey Botanical Society 132: 442-457. doi: 10.3159/1095-5674(2005)132[442:FAPOMC]2.0.CO;2
46. Natural Resources Conservation Service [NRCS]. 2008. Data download portal for Oregon soil survey data, OR632 Jackson County area. . Accessed 24 September 2008.
47. Odion, D.C., and F.W. Davis. 2000. Fire, soil heating, and the formation of vegetation patterns in chaparral. Ecological Monographs 70: 149-169. doi: 10.1890/0012-9615(2000)070[0149:FSHATF]2.0.CO;2
48. Odion, D.C., E.J. Frost, J.R. Strittholt, H. Jiang, D.A. DellaSalla, and M.A. Moritz. 2004. Patterns of fire severity and forest conditions in the western Klamath Mountains, California. Conservation Biology 18: 927-936. doi: 10.1111/j.1523-1739.2004.00493.x
49. Ooi, M.K.J., R.J. Whelan, and T.D. Auld. 2006. Persistence of obligate-seeding species at the population scale: effects of fire intensity, fire patchiness and long fire-free intervals. International Journal of Wildland Fire 15: 261-269. doi: 10.1071/WF05024
50. Perchemlides, K.A. 2006. Impacts of fuel reduction thinning treatments on oak and chaparral communities of southwestern Oregon. Thesis, Oregon State University, Corvallis, USA.
51. Perchemlides, K.A., P.S. Muir, and P.E. Hosten. 2008. Responses of chaparral and oak woodland plant communities to fuel-reduction thinning in southwestern Oregon. Rangeland Ecology and Management 61: 98-109. doi: 10.2111/07-026R1.1
52. Peterson, L.J. 1916. Ecological survey of brush areas: report on brush and grazing conditions. Forest Service, Medford, Oregon, USA.
53. Pfaff, E. 2007a. Climate, topography, soils, and wildfire spatial datasets. Thesis, Southern Oregon University, Ashland, USA.
54. Pfaff, E. 2007b. Patterns of grassland, shrubland, and woodland vegetation abundance in relation to landscape-scale environmental and disturbance variables, Applegate watershed, southwest Oregon. Thesis, Southern Oregon University, Ashland, USA.
55. Pinchak, W.E., M.A. Smith, R.H. Hart, and J.W. Waggoner. 1991. Beef cattle distribution patterns on foothill range. Journal of Range Management 44: 267-275. doi: 10.2307/4002956
56. PRISM Climate Group. 2006. United States average monthly or annual precipitation, 1971 - 2000. . Accessed 5 May 2009.
57. Safford, H.D., and S. Harrison. 2004. Fire effects on plant diversity in serpentine vs. sandstone chaparral. Ecology 85: 539-548. doi: 10.1890/03-0039
58. Schlesinger, W.H., and D.S. Gill. 1978. Demographic studies of the chaparral shrub, Ceanothus megacarpus, in the Santa Ynez Mountains, California. Ecology 59: 1256-1263. doi: 10.2307/1938239
59. Schlesinger, W.H., and D.S. Gill. 1980. Biomass, production, and changes in the availability of light, water, and nutrients during the development of pure stands of the chaparral shrub, Ceanothus megacarpus, after fire. Ecology 61: 781-789. doi: 10.2307/1936748
60. Sensenig, T.S. 2002. Development, fire history and current and past growth of old-growth and young-growth forest stands in the Cascade, Siskiyou and mid-coast mountains of southwestern Oregon. Dissertation, Oregon State University, Corvallis, USA.
61. Sugihara, N.G., J.W. van Wagtendonk, K.E. Shaffer, J. Fites-Kaufman, and A.E. Thode, editors. 2006. Fire in California's ecosystems. University of California Press, Berkeley, USA.
62. Syphard, A.D., J. Franklin, and J.E. Keeley. 2006. Simulating the effects of frequent fire on southern California coastal shrublands. Ecological Applications 16: 1744-1756. doi: 10.1890/1051-0761(2006)016[1744:STEOFF]2.0.CO;2
63. Taylor, A.H., and C.N. Skinner. 1998. Fire history and landscape dynamics in a late-successional reserve, Klamath Mountains, California, USA. Forest Ecology and Management 111: 285-301. doi: 10.1016/S0378-1127(98)00342-9
64. Taylor, A.H., and C.N. Skinner. 2003. Spatial patterns and controls on historic fire regimes and forest structure in the Klamath Mountains. Ecological Applications 13: 704-719. doi: 10.1890/1051-0761(2003)013[0704:SPACOH]2.0.CO;2
65. Tieu, A., K.W. Dixon, K.A. Meney, K. Sivasithamparam, and R.L. Barrett. 2001. Spatial and developmental variation in seed dormancy characteristics in the fire-responsive species Anigozanthos manglesii (Haemodoraceae) from western Australia. Annals of Botany 88: 19-26. doi: 10.1006/anbo.2001.1424
66. United States Department of the Interior [USDI]. 1998. Ecosystem restoration in the Ashland Resource Area. United States Department of the Interior, Medford, Oregon, USA.
67. United States Department of the Interior [USDI]. 2004a. Annual program summary and monitoring report for fiscal year 2004. United States Department of the Interior, Medford, Oregon, USA.
68. United States Department of the Interior [USDI]. 2004b. Little Applegate fuel hazard reduction project. Categorical exclusion/decision record CE-OR116-04-5. United States Department of the Interior, Medford, Oregon, USA
69. United States Department of the Interior [USDI]. 2006. Fuels treatment and wildfire spatial dataset, maintained by Medford District Bureau of Land Management staff A. Parsons. United States Department of the Interior, Medford, Oregon, USA
70. United States Department of the Interior [USDI]. 2008. Grazing history dataset. United States Department of the Interior, Bureau of Land Management, Medford, Oregon, USA.
71. United States Fish and Wildlife Service [USFWS]. 2009. Federally listed, proposed, candidate species, and species of concern under the jurisdiction of the Fish and Wildlife Service which may occur within Jackson County, Oregon. United States Department of the Interior, Portland, Oregon, USA. . Accessed 4 April 2009.
72. Yamaguchi, D.K. 1991. A simple method for cross-dating increment cores from living trees. Canadian Journal of Forest Research 21: 414-416. doi: 10.1139/x91-053
73. Zammit, C.A., and P.H. Zedler. 1993. Size structure and seed production in even-aged populations of Ceanothus greggii in mixed chaparral. Journal of Ecology 81: 499-511. doi: 10.2307/2261528
74. Zedler, P.H. 1995. Fire frequency in southern California shrublands: biological effects and management options. Pages 101-112 in: J.E. Keeley, and T. Scott, editors. Brushfires in California wildlands: ecology and resource management. International Association of Wildland Fire, Fairfield, Washington, USA.