Proposed changes to diagnoses related to gender identity in the DSM: A world professional association for transgender health consensus paper regarding the potential impact on access to health care for transgender persons

International Journal of Transgenderism

Volumn 12, Issue 2, 2010, Pages 107-114

  Corneil, Trevor A ^a   Eisfeld, Justus H ^b   Botzer, Marsha ^c  

^a UNIVERSITY OF BRITISH COLUMBIA   (Canada)

^b Global Advocates for Trans Equality   (United States)

^c Botzer Consulting   (United States)

Author keywords

Access; Diagnosis; DSM; Health care; Human rights; ICD; Policy; Transgender

Indexed keywords

EID: 77956909292     PISSN: 15532739     EISSN: 14344599     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1080/15532739.2010.509205     Document Type: Article

References (40)

1. Allison, R. A. (2009). Top 10 things transgender persons should discuss with their healthcare provider. GLMA. Retrieved October 8, 2009, from http://www.glma.org
2. American Psychiatric Association. (2000). Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders (4th ed., text rev.). Washington, DC: Author.
3. American Psychological Association, Task Force on Gender Identity and Gender Variance. (2009). Report of the Task Force on Gender Identity and Gender Variance Washington, DC: Author.
4. Bauer, G., Hammond, R., Travers, R., Kaay, M., Hohenadel, K., & Boyce, M. (2009). "I don't think this is theoretical; this is our lives": How erasure impacts health care for transgender people. JANAC, 20, 348-361.
5. Bockting, W. O., & Fung, L. C. T. (2005). Genital reconstruction and gender identity disorders. In D. Sarwer, T. Pruzinsky, T. Cash, J. Persing, R. Goldwyn, & L. Whitaker (Eds.), Psychological aspects of reconstructive and cosmetic plastic surgery: Clinical, empirical,and ethical perspectives (pp. 207-229). Philadelphia: Lippincott, Williams, & Wilkins.
6. Bockting, W. O., Knudson, G., & Goldberg, J. M. (2007). Counseling and mental health care for transgender adults and loved ones. International Journal of Transgenderism, 9(3), 35-82.
7. Bockting, W. O., Robinson, B. E., & Rosser, B. R. (1998). Transgender HIV prevention: A qualitative needs assessment. AIDS Care, 10, 505-525.
8. Charles, C., Gafni, A., & Whelan, T. (1997). Shared decision-making in the medical encounter:What does it mean? (Or it takes at least two to tango). Social Science& Medicine, 44, 681-692.
9. Clements-Nolle, K., Marx, R., Guzman, R., & Katz, M. (2001). HIV prevalence, risk behaviors, health care use, and mental health status of transgender persons: Implications for public health intervention. American Journal of Public Health, 91, 915-921.
10. Fraser, L. (2009). Psychotherapy in theWorld Professional Association for Transgender Health Standards of Care: Background and recommendations. International Journal of Trangenderism, 11, 110-126.
11. Friere, P. (1970). Pedagogy of the oppressed. New York: Continuum International
12. Gilson, L., Doherty, J., Loewenson, R., & Francis, V. (2007). Challenging inequity through health systems: Final report knowledge network on health systems. Geneva, Switzerland: WHO Commission on the Social Determinants of Health.
13. Health Canada. (1999). Towards a health future: Second report on the health of Canadians. Charlottetown, Prince Edward Island, Canada: Minister of Public Works and Government Service.
14. Hembree, W. C., Cohen-Kettenis, P., Delemarre-van de Waal, H. A., Gooren, L. J., Meyer III, W. J., Spack, N. P., et al. (2009). Endocrine treatment of transsexual persons: An Endocrine Society clinical practice guideline. Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism, 94, 3132-3154.
15. Herbst, J. H., Jacobs, E. D., Finlayson, T. J., McKleroy, V. S., Neumann, M. S., & Crepaz, N. (2008). Estimating HIV prevalence and risk behaviors of transgender persons in the United States: A systematic review. AIDS and Behavior, 12, 1-17.
16. Krueger, M., Yekani, S. A. H., Hundt, G. V., & Daverio, P. J. (2007a). One stage sex reassignment surgery from female to male. International Journal of Transgenderism, 10, 15-18.
17. Krueger, M., Yekani, S. A. H., Hundt, G. V., & Daverio, P. J. (2007b). Use of erectile prostheses in patients with free forearm flap phalloplasty. International Journal of Transgenderism, 10, 19-24.
18. Lev, A. I. (2009). The ten tasks of the mental health provider: Recommendations for revision of the World Professional Association for Transgender Health Standards of Care. International Journal of Transgenderism, 11, 74-99.
19. Lombardi, E. (2001). Enhancing transgender health care. American Journal of Public Health 91, 869-872.
20. McNeill, E. J. M. (2006). Management of the transgender voice. Journal of Laryngology & Otology, 120, 521-523.
21. Meyer, W., Bockting, W. Cohen-Kettenis, P., Coleman, E., DiCeglie, D., Devor, H., et al. (2001). Harry Benjamin International Gender Dysphoria Association's standards of care for gender identity disorders, sixth version. Minneapolis, MN: World Professional Association for Transgender Health.
22. Millman, M. (Ed.). (1993). Access to health care in America. Committee on Monitoring Access to Personal Health Care Services, Institute Of Medicine. Washington, DC: National Academy Press.
23. Moore E., Wisniewski, A., & Dobs, A. (2003). Endocrine treatment of transsexual people: A review of treatment regimens, outcomes, and adverse effects. Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism, 88, 3467-3473.
24. Petchesky, R., & Laurie, M. (2007). Gender, health and human rights in sites of political exclusion: Report for the Women and Gender Equity Knowledge Network, Commission on the Social Determinants of Health. Geneva, Switzerland: World Health Organization.
25. Romanow, R. J. (2002). Building on values: The future of health care in Canada-Final report. Ottawa, Ontario, Canada: Commission on the Future of Health Care in Canada.
26. Seal, K. H., Kral, A. H., Gee, L., Moore, L. D., Bluthenthal, R. N., Lorvick, J., et al. (2001). Predictors and prevention of nonfatal overdose among street-recruited injection heroin users in the San Francisco Bay Area, 1998-1999. American Journal ofn Public Health, 91, 1842-1846.
27. Shah, C. (2003). Public health and preventative medicine. Elsevier Canada.
28. Smith, Y. L. S., Van Gooren, S. H. M, Kuiper, A. J., & Cohen-Kettenis, P. T. (2005). Sex reassignment: Outcomes and predictors of treatment for adolescent and adult transsexuals. Psychological Medicine, 35, 89-99.
29. Spehr, C. (2007). Male to female sex reassignment surgery in transsexuals. International Journal of Transgenderism, 10, 25-37.
30. Statens Folksḧalsoinstitut. (2005). Homosexuellas, bisexuellas och transpersoners ḧalsosituation, °Aterrapportering av regeringsuppdrag att unders̈oka och analysera ḧalsosituationen bland hbt-personer [Homosexual, bisexual, and transgender health: A government report examining and analyzing the health status of LGTB persons]. Ö stersund, Sweden: FHI.
31. Sugano, E., Nemoto, T., & Operario, D. (2006). The impact of exposure to transphobia on HIV risk behavior in a sample of transgendered women of color in San Francisco. AIDS and Behavior, 10, 217-225.
32. Towle, A., & Godolphin, W. (1999). Framework for teaching and learning informed shared decision making. BMJ, 319(18), 766-769.
33. United Nations. (1948). The Universal Declaration of Human Rights. Retrieved March 3, 2010, from http://www.un.org/en/documents/udhr
34. Vanderleest, J., & Galper, C. (2009). Improving the health of transgender people: Transgender medical education in Arizona. Journal of the Association of Nurses in AIDS Care, 20, 411-416.
35. World Health Organization. (1992). International statistical classification of diseases and related health problems, 10th revision. Geneva, Switzerland: WHO Press.
36. World Health Organization. (2001). Health and freedom from discrimination. Geneva, Switzerland: Author.
37. World Health Organization. (2007). Towards health security: A discussion paper on recent health crises in the WHO European Region. Copenhagen, Denmark:WHO Regional.
38. World Health Organization. (2010). History of the development of the ICD. Retrieved September 23, 2009, from http://www.who.int/classifications/icd/en/HistoryOfICD.pdf
39. Yogyakarta Principles. (2007). Principles on the application of international human rights law in relation to sexual orientation and gender identity. Retrieved October 10, 2009, from http://www.yogyakartaprinciples.org/principlesen.pdf
40. Xavier, J. M., Hannold, J. A., Bradford, J., & Simmons, R. (2007). The health, health-related needs, and lifecourse experiences of transgender Virginians. Richmond, VA: Virginia Department of Health.