메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 14, Issue 6, 2010, Pages 1-29

Variations in subpixel fire properties with season and land cover in Southern Africa

Author keywords

Fire temperature; MODIS; Southern Africa

Indexed keywords

AEROSOLS; ECOLOGY; GAS EMISSIONS; NASA; PIXELS; RADIOMETERS; REMOTE SENSING;

EID: 77956901201     PISSN: 10873562     EISSN: 10873562     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1175/2010EI328.1     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (15)

References (57)
  • 1
    • 0035693625 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Emission of trace gases and aerosols from biomass burning
    • Andreae, M. O., and P. Merlet, 2001: Emission of trace gases and aerosols from biomass burning. Global Biogeochem. Cycles, 15, 955-966.
    • (2001) Global Biogeochem. Cycles , vol.15 , pp. 955-966
    • Andreae, M.O.1    Merlet, P.2
  • 2
    • 20944440113 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • GLC2000: A new approach to global land cover mapping from Earth observation data
    • Bartholomé, E., and A. S. Belward, 2005: GLC2000: A new approach to global land cover mapping from Earth observation data. Int. J. Remote Sens., 26, 1959-1977.
    • (2005) Int. J. Remote Sens. , vol.26 , pp. 1959-1977
    • Bartholomé, E.1    Belward, A.S.2
  • 5
    • 0033546060 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Positive feedbacks in the fire dynamic of closed canopy tropical forests
    • DOI 10.1126/science.284.5421.1832
    • Cochrane, M. A., A. Alencar, M. D. Schulze, C. M. Souza Jr., D. C. Nepstad, P. Lefebvre, and E. A. Davidson, 1999: Positive feedbacks in the fire dynamic of closed canopy tropical forests. Science, 284, 1832-1835. (Pubitemid 29291432)
    • (1999) Science , vol.284 , Issue.5421 , pp. 1832-1835
    • Cochrane, M.A.1    Alencar, A.2    Schulze, M.D.3    Souza Jr., C.M.4    Nepstad, D.C.5    Lefebvre, P.6    Davidson, E.A.7
  • 7
    • 33746380552 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Validation of active fire detection from moderateresolution satellite sensors: The MODIS example in northern Eurasia
    • - J. T. Morisette, and L. Giglio, 2006: Validation of active fire detection from moderateresolution satellite sensors: The MODIS example in northern Eurasia. IEEE Trans. Geosci. Remote Sens., 44, 1757-1764.
    • (2006) IEEE Trans. Geosci. Remote Sens. , vol.44 , pp. 1757-1764
    • Morisette, J.T.1    Giglio, L.2
  • 8
    • 0034670158 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The interplay between climate change, forests, and disturbances
    • Dale, V. H., L. A. Joyce, S. McNulty, and R. P. Neilson, 2000: The interplay between climate change, forests, and disturbances. Sci. Total Environ., 262, 201-204.
    • (2000) Sci. Total Environ. , vol.262 , pp. 201-204
    • Dale, V.H.1    Joyce, L.A.2    McNulty, S.3    Neilson, R.P.4
  • 10
    • 0019392790 scopus 로고
    • A method for satellite identification of surface temperature fields of subpixel resolution
    • Dozier, J., 1981: A method for satellite identification of surface temperature fields of subpixel resolution. Remote Sens. Environ., 11, 221-229.
    • (1981) Remote Sens. Environ. , vol.11 , pp. 221-229
    • Dozier, J.1
  • 11
    • 0013309447 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Fire effects on resprouting of shrubs in headwaters of southeastern longleaf pine savannas
    • Drewa, P. B.,W. J. Platt, and E. B. Moser, 2002: Fire effects on resprouting of shrubs in headwaters of southeastern longleaf pine savannas. Ecology, 83, 755-767.
    • (2002) Ecology , vol.83 , pp. 755-767
    • Drewa, P.B.1    Platt, W.J.2    Moser, E.B.3
  • 12
    • 0346801816 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Interannual and seasonal variability of biomass burning emissions constrained by satellite observations
    • doi:10.1029/2002JD002378
    • Duncan, B. N., R. V. Martin, A. C. Staudt, R. Yevich, and J. A. Logan, 2003: Interannual and seasonal variability of biomass burning emissions constrained by satellite observations. J. Geophys. Res., 108, 4100, doi:10.1029/2002JD002378.
    • (2003) J. Geophys. Res. , vol.108 , pp. 4100
    • Duncan, B.N.1    Martin, R.V.2    Staudt, A.C.3    Yevich, R.4    Logan, J.A.5
  • 13
    • 50849125391 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Using multiple endmember spectral mixture analysis to retrieve subpixel fire properties fromMODIS
    • Eckmann, T. C., D. A. Roberts, and C. J. Still, 2008: Using multiple endmember spectral mixture analysis to retrieve subpixel fire properties fromMODIS. Remote Sens. Environ., 112, 3773-3783.
    • (2008) Remote Sens. Environ. , vol.112 , pp. 3773-3783
    • Eckmann, T.C.1    Roberts, D.A.2    Still, C.J.3
  • 14
    • 70449345976 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Estimating subpixel fire sizes and temperatures from ASTER using multiple endmember spectral mixture analysis
    • - and - 2009: Estimating subpixel fire sizes and temperatures from ASTER using multiple endmember spectral mixture analysis. Int. J. Remote Sens., 30, 5851-5864.
    • (2009) Int. J. Remote Sens. , vol.30 , pp. 5851-5864
  • 15
    • 33847143725 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Southern Hemisphere carbon monoxide interannual variability observed by Terra/Measurement of Pollution in the Troposphere (MOPITT)
    • DOI 10.1029/2006JD007079
    • Edwards, D. P., G. Pétron, P. C. Novelli, L. K. Emmons, J. C. Gille, and J. R. Drummond, 2006: South Hemisphere carbon monoxide interannual variability observed by Terra/Measurement of Pollution in the Troposphere (MOPITT). J. Geophys. Res., 111, D16303, doi:10.1029/2006JD007079. (Pubitemid 46290741)
    • (2006) Journal of Geophysical Research D: Atmospheres , vol.111 , Issue.16
    • Edwards, D.P.1    Petron, G.2    Novelli, P.C.3    Emmons, L.K.4    Gille, J.C.5    Drummond, J.R.6
  • 16
    • 0024900458 scopus 로고
    • Spatial autocorrelation and sampling design in plant ecology.
    • Fortin, M.-J., P. Drapeau, and P. Legendre, 1989: Spatial autocorrelation and sampling design in plant ecology. Plant Ecol., 83, 209-222.
    • (1989) Plant Ecol. , vol.83 , pp. 209-222
    • Fortin, M.-J.1    Drapeau, P.2    Legendre, P.3
  • 17
    • 24644446400 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Comparison of land cover maps using fuzzy agreement
    • Fritz, S., and L. See, 2005: Comparison of land cover maps using fuzzy agreement. Int. J. Geogr. Inf. Sci., 19, 787-807.
    • (2005) Int. J. Geogr. Inf. Sci. , vol.19 , pp. 787-807
    • Fritz, S.1    See, L.2
  • 18
    • 0000056544 scopus 로고
    • Fire temperature heterogeneity in contrasting fire prone habitats: Kansas tallgrass prairie and Florida sandhill
    • Gibson, D. J., D. C. Hartnett, and G. L. S. Merrill, 1990: Fire temperature heterogeneity in contrasting fire prone habitats: Kansas tallgrass prairie and Florida sandhill. Bull. Torrey Bot. Club, 117, 349-356.
    • (1990) Bull. Torrey Bot. Club , vol.117 , pp. 349-356
    • Gibson, D.J.1    Hartnett, D.C.2    Merrill, G.L.S.3
  • 19
    • 34247853175 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Characterization of the tropical diurnal fire cycle using VIRS and MODIS observations
    • Giglio, L., 2007: Characterization of the tropical diurnal fire cycle using VIRS and MODIS observations. Remote Sens. Environ., 108, 407-421.
    • (2007) Remote Sens. Environ. , vol.108 , pp. 407-421
    • Giglio, L.1
  • 20
    • 0034914536 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Application of the Dozier retrieval to wildfire characterization: A sensitivity analysis
    • - and J. D. Kendall, 2001: Application of the Dozier retrieval to wildfire characterization: A sensitivity analysis. Remote Sens. Environ., 77, 34-49.
    • (2001) Remote Sens. Environ. , vol.77 , pp. 34-49
    • Kendall, J.D.1
  • 21
    • 10844238111 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • An enhanced contextual fire detection algorithm for MODIS
    • - J. Descloitres, C. O. Justice, and Y. J. Kaufman, 2003: An enhanced contextual fire detection algorithm for MODIS. Remote Sens. Environ., 87, 273-282.
    • (2003) Remote Sens. Environ. , vol.87 , pp. 273-282
    • Descloitres, J.1    Justice, C.O.2    Kaufman, Y.J.3
  • 22
    • 34848915212 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Global distribution and seasonality of active fires as observed with the Terra and Aqua Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) sensors
    • DOI 10.1029/2005JG000142
    • -, I. Csiszar, and C. O. Justice, 2006: Global distribution and seasonality of active fires as observed with the Terra and Aqua Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) sensors. J. Geophys. Res., 111, G02016, doi:10.1029/2005JG000142. (Pubitemid 47489878)
    • (2006) Journal of Geophysical Research G: Biogeosciences , vol.111 , Issue.2
    • Giglio, L.1    Csiszar, I.2    Justice, C.O.3
  • 23
    • 0030613825 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Alternative fire resistance strategies in savanna trees
    • Gignoux, J., J. Clobert, and J.-C. Menaut, 1997: Alternative fire resistance strategies in savanna trees. Oecologia, 110, 576-583.
    • (1997) Oecologia , vol.110 , pp. 576-583
    • Gignoux, J.1    Clobert, J.2    Menaut, J.-C.3
  • 24
    • 0032029956 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pre-germination temperature and the survivorship and onward growth of Mediterranean fire-following plant species
    • Hanley, M. E., and M. Fenner, 1998: Pre-germination temperature and the survivorship and onward growth of Mediterranean fire-following plant species. Acta Oecol., 19, 181-187.
    • (1998) Acta Oecol. , vol.19 , pp. 181-187
    • Hanley, M.E.1    Fenner, M.2
  • 25
    • 0242494415 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Global percent tree cover at a spatial resolution of 500 meters: First results of the MODIS vegetation continuous fields algorithm
    • [Available online at]
    • Hansen, M. C., R. S. DeFries, J. R. G. Townshend, M. Carroll, C. Dimiceli, and R. A. Sohlberg, 2003: Global percent tree cover at a spatial resolution of 500 meters: First results of the MODIS vegetation continuous fields algorithm. Earth Interact., 7. [Available online at http:// EarthInteractions.org.]
    • (2003) Earth Interact. , vol.7
    • Hansen, M.C.1    Defries, R.S.2    Townshend, J.R.G.3    Carroll, M.4    Dimiceli, C.5    Sohlberg, R.A.6
  • 26
    • 30344457368 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Estimation of tree cover using MODIS data at global, continental and regional/local scales
    • - J. R. G. Townshend, R. S. DeFries, and M. Carroll, 2005: Estimation of tree cover using MODIS data at global, continental and regional/local scales. Int. J. Remote Sens., 26, 4359-4380.
    • (2005) Int. J. Remote Sens. , vol.26 , pp. 4359-4380
    • Townshend, J.R.G.1    Defries, R.S.2    Carroll, M.3
  • 27
    • 41349115888 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A method for integrating MODIS and Landsat data for systematic monitoring of forest cover and change in the Congo Basin
    • -, D. P. Roy, E. Lindquist, B. Adusei, C. O. Justice, and A. Altstatt, 2008: A method for integrating MODIS and Landsat data for systematic monitoring of forest cover and change in the Congo Basin. Remote Sens. Environ., 112, 2495-2513.
    • (2008) Remote Sens. Environ. , vol.112 , pp. 2495-2513
    • Roy, D.P.1    Lindquist, E.2    Adusei, B.3    Justice, C.O.4    Altstatt, A.5
  • 29
    • 0742287577 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • MODIS observation of aerosols and estimation of aerosol radiative forcing over South Africa during SAFARI 2000
    • doi:10.1029/2002JD002366
    • Ichoku, C., L. A. Remer, Y. J. Kaufman, R. Levy, D. A. Chu, D. Tanré, and B. N. Holben, 2003: MODIS observation of aerosols and estimation of aerosol radiative forcing over South Africa during SAFARI 2000. J. Geophys. Res., 108, 8499, doi:10.1029/2002JD002366.
    • (2003) J. Geophys. Res. , vol.108 , pp. 8499
    • Ichoku, C.1    Remer, L.A.2    Kaufman, Y.J.3    Levy, R.4    Chu, D.A.5    Tanré, D.6    Holben, B.N.7
  • 30
    • 5444253713 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Global estimates of biomass burning emissions based on satellite imagery for the year 2000
    • DOI 10.1029/2003JD004423
    • Ito, A., and J. E. Penner, 2004: Global estimates of biomass burning emissions based on satellite imagery for the year 2000. J. Geophys. Res., 109, D14S05, doi:10.1029/2003JD004423. (Pubitemid 39364482)
    • (2004) Journal of Geophysical Research D: Atmospheres , vol.109 , Issue.14
    • Ito, A.1    Penner, J.E.2
  • 31
    • 10944235487 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A comparison of thermocouples and temperature paints to monitor spatial and temporal characteristics of landscape-scale prescribed fires
    • Iverson, L. R., D. A. Yaussy, J. Rebbeck, T. F. Hutchinson, R. P. Long, and A. M. Prasad, 2004: A comparison of thermocouples and temperature paints to monitor spatial and temporal characteristics of landscape-scale prescribed fires. Int. J. Wildland Fire, 13, 311-322.
    • (2004) Int. J. Wildland Fire , vol.13 , pp. 311-322
    • Iverson, L.R.1    Yaussy, D.A.2    Rebbeck, J.3    Hutchinson, T.F.4    Long, R.P.5    Prasad, A.M.6
  • 32
    • 0034935428 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Responses in plant, soil inorganic and microbial nutrient pools to experimental fire, ash and biomass addition in a woodland savanna
    • Jensen, M., A. Michelsen, and M. Gashaw, 2001: Responses in plant, soil inorganic and microbial nutrient pools to experimental fire, ash and biomass addition in a woodland savanna. Oecologia, 128, 85-93.
    • (2001) Oecologia , vol.128 , pp. 85-93
    • Jensen, M.1    Michelsen, A.2    Gashaw, M.3
  • 33
    • 0032573698 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Potential global fire monitoring from EOS-MODIS
    • Kaufman, Y. J., and Coauthors, 1998: Potential global fire monitoring from EOS-MODIS. J. Geophys. Res., 103, 32 215-32 238.
    • (1998) J. Geophys. Res. , vol.103 , pp. 32215-32238
    • Kaufman, Y.J.1
  • 34
    • 0038370121 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Fire and smoke observed from the Earth Observing System MODIS instrument-Products, validation, and operational use
    • - C. Ichoku, L. Giglio, S. Korontzi, D. A. Chu, W. M. Hao, R.-R. Li, and C. O. Justice, 2003: Fire and smoke observed from the Earth Observing System MODIS instrument-Products, validation, and operational use. Int. J. Remote Sens., 24, 1765-1781.
    • (2003) Int. J. Remote Sens. , vol.24 , pp. 1765-1781
    • Ichoku, C.1    Giglio, L.2    Korontzi, S.3    Chu, D.A.4    Hao, W.M.5    Li, R.-R.6    Justice, C.O.7
  • 35
    • 36549040433 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cloud and aerosol properties, precipitable water, and profiles of temperature and water vapor from MODIS
    • King, M. D., and Coauthors, 2003: Cloud and aerosol properties, precipitable water, and profiles of temperature and water vapor from MODIS. IEEE Trans. Geosci. Remote Sens., 41, 442-458.
    • (2003) IEEE Trans. Geosci. Remote Sens. , vol.41 , pp. 442-458
    • King, M.D.1
  • 36
    • 33745190232 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Seasonal patterns in biomass burning emissions from South African vegetation fires for the year 2000
    • Korontzi, S., 2005: Seasonal patterns in biomass burning emissions from South African vegetation fires for the year 2000. Global Change Biol., 11, 1680-1700.
    • (2005) Global Change Biol. , vol.11 , pp. 1680-1700
    • Korontzi, S.1
  • 37
    • 1642344724 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Climate change effects on vegetation distribution, carbon, and fire in California
    • Lenihan, J. M., R. Drapek, D. Bachelet, and R. P. Neilson, 2003: Climate change effects on vegetation distribution, carbon, and fire in California. Ecol. Appl., 13, 1667-1681.
    • (2003) Ecol. Appl. , vol.13 , pp. 1667-1681
    • Lenihan, J.M.1    Drapek, R.2    Bachelet, D.3    Neilson, R.P.4
  • 38
    • 2542446633 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A new land-cover map of Africa for the year 2000
    • Mayaux, P., E. Bartholomé, S. Fritz, and A. Belward, 2004: A new land-cover map of Africa for the year 2000. J. Biogeogr., 31, 861-877.
    • (2004) J. Biogeogr. , vol.31 , pp. 861-877
    • Mayaux, P.1    Bartholomé, E.2    Fritz, S.3    Belward, A.4
  • 39
    • 33746330734 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Validation of the global land cover 2000 map
    • and Coauthors
    • - and Coauthors, 2006: Validation of the global land cover 2000 map. IEEE Trans. Geosci. Remote Sens., 44, 1728-1739.
    • (2006) IEEE Trans. Geosci. Remote Sens. , vol.44 , pp. 1728-1739
  • 41
    • 21744460500 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Validation of the MODIS active fire product over South Africa with ASTER data
    • Morisette, J., L. Giglio, I. Csiszar, and C. O. Justice, 2005: Validation of the MODIS active fire product over South Africa with ASTER data. Int. J. Remote Sens., 26, 4239-4264.
    • (2005) Int. J. Remote Sens. , vol.26 , pp. 4239-4264
    • Morisette, J.1    Giglio, L.2    Csiszar, I.3    Justice, C.O.4
  • 44
    • 0032156917 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mapping chaparral in the Santa Monica mountains using multiple endmember spectral mixture models
    • Roberts, D. A., M. Gardner, R. Church, S. Ustin, G. Scheer, and R. O. Green, 1998: Mapping chaparral in the Santa Monica mountains using multiple endmember spectral mixture models. Remote Sens. Environ., 65, 267-279.
    • (1998) Remote Sens. Environ. , vol.65 , pp. 267-279
    • Roberts, D.A.1    Gardner, M.2    Church, R.3    Ustin, S.4    Scheer, G.5    Green, R.O.6
  • 45
    • 29244459425 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Retrieval of biomass combustion rates and totals from fire radiative power observations: Application to southern Africa using geostationary SEVIRI imagery
    • DOI 10.1029/2005JD006018, D21111
    • Roberts, G., M. J.Wooster, G. L.W. Perry, N. Drake, L.-M. Rebelo, and F. Dipotso, 2005: Retrieval of biomass combustion rates and totals from fire radiative power observations: Application to South Africa using geostationary SEVIRI imagery. J. Geophys. Res., 110, D21111, doi:10.1029/2005JD006018. (Pubitemid 41825023)
    • (2005) Journal of Geophysical Research D: Atmospheres , vol.110 , Issue.21 , pp. 1-19
    • Roberts, G.1    Wooster, M.J.2    Perry, G.L.W.3    Drake, N.4    Rebelo, L.-M.5    Dipotso, F.6
  • 46
    • 22744440241 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Prototyping a global algorithm for systematic fire-affected area mapping using MODIS time series data
    • Roy, D. P., Y. Jin, P. E. Lewis, and C. O. Justice, 2005: Prototyping a global algorithm for systematic fire-affected area mapping using MODIS time series data. Remote Sens. Environ., 97, 137-162.
    • (2005) Remote Sens. Environ. , vol.97 , pp. 137-162
    • Roy, D.P.1    Jin, Y.2    Lewis, P.E.3    Justice, C.O.4
  • 47
    • 28644450403 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Determinants of woody cover in African savannas
    • Sankaran, M., and Coauthors, 2005: Determinants of woody cover in African savannas. Nature, 438, 846-849.
    • (2005) Nature , vol.438 , pp. 846-849
    • Sankaran, M.1
  • 48
    • 0038616625 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Fuel biomass and combustion factors associated with fires in savanna ecosystems of South Africa and Zambia
    • Shea, R. W., B. W. Shea, J. B. Kauffman, D. E. Ward, C. I. Haskins, and M. C. Scholes, 1996: Fuel biomass and combustion factors associated with fires in savanna ecosystems of South Africa and Zambia. J. Geophys. Res., 101, 23 551-23 568.
    • (1996) J. Geophys. Res. , vol.101 , pp. 23551-23568
    • Shea, R.W.1    Shea, B.W.2    Kauffman, J.B.3    Ward, D.E.4    Haskins, C.I.5    Scholes, M.C.6
  • 49
    • 0024935854 scopus 로고
    • Grassland fire dynamics in the Serengeti ecosystem, and a potential method of retrospectively estimating fire energy
    • Stronach, N. R. H., and S. J. McNaughton, 1989: Grassland fire dynamics in the Serengeti ecosystem, and a potential method of retrospectively estimating fire energy. J. Appl. Ecol., 26, 1025-1033.
    • (1989) J. Appl. Ecol. , vol.26 , pp. 1025-1033
    • Stronach, N.R.H.1    McNaughton, S.J.2
  • 51
    • 0347988234 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Continental-scale partitioning of fire emissions during the 1997 to 2001 El Niño/La Niña period
    • - P. S. Kasibhatla, A. F. Arellano Jr., S. C. Olsen, and E. S. Kasischke, 2004: Continental-scale partitioning of fire emissions during the 1997 to 2001 El Niño/La Niña period. Science, 303, 73-76.
    • (2004) Science , vol.303 , pp. 73-76
    • Kasibhatla, P.S.1    Arellano Jr., A.F.2    Olsen, S.C.3    Kasischke, E.S.4
  • 52
    • 84888276175 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Interannual variability of global biomass burning emissions from 1997 to 2004. Atmos
    • - L. Giglio, G. J. Collatz, P. S. Kasibhatla, and A. F. Arellano Jr., 2006: Interannual variability of global biomass burning emissions from 1997 to 2004. Atmos. Chem. Phys., 6, 3243-3441.
    • (2006) Chem. Phys. , vol.6 , pp. 3243-3441
    • Giglio, L.1    Collatz, G.J.2    Kasibhatla, P.S.3    Arellano Jr., A.F.4
  • 53
    • 65549162980 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Climate controls on the variability of fires in the tropics and subtropics
    • doi:10.1029/2007GB003122
    • - - N. Gobron, and A. J. Dolman, 2008: Climate controls on the variability of fires in the tropics and subtropics. Global Biogeochem. Cycles, 22, GB3028, doi:10.1029/2007GB003122.
    • (2008) Global Biogeochem. Cycles , vol.22
    • Gobron, N.1    Dolman, A.J.2
  • 54
    • 0030391443 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effect of fuel composition on combustion efficiency and emission factors for African savanna ecosystems
    • Ward, D. E.,W. M. Hao, R. A. Susott, R. E. Babbitt, R.W. Shea, J. B. Kauffman, and C. O. Justice, 1996: Effect of fuel composition on combustion efficiency and emission factors for African savanna ecosystems. J. Geophys. Res., 101, 23 569-23 576.
    • (1996) J. Geophys. Res. , vol.101 , pp. 23569-23576
    • Ward, D.E.1    Hao, W.M.2    Susott, R.A.3    Babbitt, R.E.4    Shea, R.W.5    Kauffman, J.B.6    Justice, C.O.7
  • 57
    • 0038267579 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Fire radiative energy for quantitative study of biomass burning: Derivation from the BIRD experimental satellite and comparison to MODIS fire products
    • Wooster, M. J., B. Zhukov, and D. Oertel, 2003: Fire radiative energy for quantitative study of biomass burning: Derivation from the BIRD experimental satellite and comparison to MODIS fire products. Remote Sens. Environ., 86, 83-107.
    • (2003) Remote Sens. Environ. , vol.86 , pp. 83-107
    • Wooster, M.J.1    Zhukov, B.2    Oertel, D.3


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.