Physical Limnology

Advances in Applied Mechanics

Volumn 27, Issue C, 1989, Pages 303-475

  Imberger, Jörg ^a   Patterson, John C ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF WESTERN AUSTRALIA   (Australia)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EID: 77956841545     PISSN: 00652156     EISSN: None     Source Type: Book Series    
DOI: 10.1016/S0065-2156(08)70199-6     Document Type: Article

References (468)

1. Akiyama, J., Stefan, H.G., Plunging flow into a reservoir: Theory. J. Hydr. Eng. 110 (1984), 484–499.
2. Akiyama, J., Stefan, H.G., Turbidity current with erosion and deposition. J. Hydr. Eng. 111 (1985), 1473–1496.
3. Akiyama, J., Stefan, H.G., Gravity currents in lakes, reservoirs and coastal regions: Two-layer stratified flow analysis. Proj. Rept. No. 253, 1987, University of Minnesota.
4. Anderson, R.J., Smith, S.D., Evaporation coefficient for the sea surface from eddy flux measurement. J. Geophys. Res. 86 (1981), 449–456.
5. Andre, J.E., Lecarrere, P., Mean and turbulent structures of the oceanic surface layer as determined from one-dimensional third-order simulations. J. Phys. Oceanogr. 15 (1985), 121–132.
6. Arai, J., Some relations between the thermal property of lake and its fetch size. Geogr. Rev. of Japan 37 (1964), 131–137.
7. Arita, M., Jirka, G.H., Tamai, N., Classification and mixing of two–dimensional buoyant surface discharges. J. Hydr. Res. 24 (1986), 333–345.
8. Asaeda, T., Imberger, J., Structures of bubble plumes in stratified environments. Environmental Dynamics Rept. ED-88–250, 1988, Centre for Water Research, University of Western Australia.
9. Atkinson, J.F., Interfacial mixing in stratified flows. J. Hydr. Res. 26 (1988), 27–31.
10. Atkinson, J.F., Harleman, D.R.F., A wind-mixer layer model for solar ponds. Solar Energy 31 (1983), 243–259.
11. Bean, B.R., Emmanuel, C.B., Gilmer, R.O., McGavin, R.E., The spatial and temporal variations of the turbulent fluxes of heat, momentum and water vapor over Lake Ontario. J. Phys. Oceanogr. 5 (1975), 532–540.
12. Bejan, A., Al-Homoud, A.A., Imberger, J., Experimental study of high-Rayleigh number convection in a horizontal cavity with different end temperatures. J. Fluid Mech. 109 (1981), 283–299.
13. Bejan, A., Rossie, A.N., Natural convection in a horizontal duct connecting two fluid reservoirs. J. Heat Transfer 103 (1981), 108–113.
14. Bejan, A., Tien, C.L., Laminar natural convection heat transfer in a horizontal cavity with different end temperatures. J. Heat Transfer 100 (1978), 641–647.
15. Bella, D.A., Simulating the effect of sinking and vertical mixing on algal population dynamics. J. Water Pollution Control Fed. 42:5 (1970), 140–152.
16. Bennett, J. R. (1971). Thermally driven lake currents during the spring and fall transition periods. In “Proc. 14th Cod. Great Lakes Res.,” Ann Arbor p. 535. Intl. Assoc. for Great Lakes Res.
17. Benney, D.J., Long nonlinear waves in fluid flows. J. Math. Phys. Sci. 45 (1966), 52–63.
18. Blake, S., hey, G.N., Density and viscosity gradients in zoned magma chambers, and their influence on withdrawal dynamics. J. Volcanology and Geothermal Res. 30 (1986), 201–230.
19. Blake, S., hey, G.N., Magma-mixing and the dynamics of withdrawal from stratified reservoirs. J. Volcanology and Geothermal Res. 27 (1986), 153–178.
20. Blanc, T.V., A practical approach to flux measurements of long duration in the marine atmospheric surface layer. J. Clim. Appl. Met. 22 (1983), 1093–1110.
21. Blanc, T.V., Variation of bulk-derived surface flux, stability, and roughness results due to the use of different transfer coefficient schemes. J. Phys. Oceanogr. 15 (1985), 650–669.
22. Blanc, T.V., Accuracy of bulk-method-determined flux, stability and sea surface roughness. J. Geophys. Res. 92 (1987), 3867–3876.
23. Blanton, J.O., Vertical entrainment into the epilimnia of stratified lakes. Limnol. Oceanogr. 18 (1973), 697–704.
24. Bloss, S., Harleman, D.R.F., Effect of wind-induced mixing on the seasonal thermocline in lakes and reservoirs. Rept. No. 249, 1979, Massachusetts Institute of Technology.
25. Bohan, J.P., Grace, J.L., Selective withdrawal from man-made lakes. Tech. Rept. No. H-73–4, 1973, Waterways Experiment Station, Vicksburg, Mississippi.
26. Boyce, F.M., Robertson, D.G., lley, G.N., Summer thermal structure of Lake Ontario off Toronto: Cooling the big city. Atmos. Ocean. 21 (1983), 397–417.
27. Brady, J.A., Davis, J.M., Douglas, E.W., First filling of Kielder Reservoir and future operational considerations. J. Inst. Water Eng. Sci. 37 (1983), 295–312.
28. Brim, W.D., Beard, J.D., Reservoir management by pneumatic induced circulation. Paper No. 5–16. Stefan, H.G., (eds.) Proc. Symp. on Surface Water Impoundments, 1980, Minneapolis, Minnesota, 877–885 ASCE.
29. Britter, R.E., Simpson, J.E., Experiments on the dynamics of a gravity current head. J. Fluid Mech. 88 (1978), 223–240.
30. Britter, R.E., Simpson, J.E., A note on the structure of the head of an intrusive gravity current. J. Fluid Mech. 112 (1981), 459–466.
31. Brocard, D.N., Harleman, D.R.F., Two-layer model for shallow horizontal convective circulation. J. Fluid Mech. 100 (1980), 129–146.
32. Browand, F.K., Guyomar, D., Yoon, S.C., The behavior of a turbulent front in a stratified fluid: Experiments with an oscillating grid. J. Geophys. Res. 92 (1987), 5329–5341.
33. Brown, I.K., Wooley, D.A., Jory, A.G., Artificial destratification of Lake Moms to improve water quality. Proc. Hydr. and Water Resources Symp, 1982, Institution of Engineers, Australia, Melbourne, Victoria.
34. Brubaker, J.M., Similarity structure in the convective boundary layer of a lake. Nature 330 (1987), 742–745.
35. Bryant, P.J., Wood, I.R., Selective withdrawal from a layered fluid. J. Fluid Mech. 77 (1976), 581–591.
36. Buchak, E.M., Edinger, J.E., Generalized, longitudinal-vertical hydrodynamics and transport: Development, programming and applications. Doc. No. 84–18-R, 1984, Waterways Experiment Station, Vicksburg, Mississippi.
37. Bulson, P.S., Theory and design of bubble breakwaters. Dock and Harbour Aurh. 48:560 (1967), 47–54.
38. Bunn, S.E., Edward, D.H.D., Seasonal meromixis in three hypersaline lakes on Rottnest Island, Western Australia. Aust. J. Mar. Freshw. Res. 35 (1984), 261–265.
39. Bums, F.L., Localized destratification of large reservoirs to control discharge temperatures. Prog. Wat. Tech. 9 (1977), 53–63.
40. Busch, N.E., Fluxes in the surface boundary layer over the sea. Kraus, E.B., (eds.) Modeling and Prediction of the Upper Layers of the Ocean, 1977, Pergamon Press, New York, 72–91.
41. Businger, J.A., On the structure of the atmospheric surface layer. J. Meteor. 12 (1955), 553–561.
42. Businger, J.A., Turbulent transfer in the atmospheric surface layer. Hauger, D.A., (eds.) Workshop on Micrometeorology, 1973, Science Press, Ephrata, Pennsylvania, 67–100.
43. Cacchione, D., Wunsch, C., Experimental study of internal waves over a slope. J. Fluid Mech. 66 (1974), 223–239.
44. Caldwell, D.R., Oceanic turbulence: Big bangs or continuous creation. J. Geophys. Res. 88 (1983), 7543–7550.
45. Carmack, E.C., Circulation and mixing in ice-covered waters. Untersteiner, N., (eds.) The Geophysics of Sea Ice, 1986, Plenum Press, New York, 641–712.
46. Carslaw, H.S., Jaeger, J.C., Conduction of Heat in Solids, Third Edition, 1978, Oxford University Press.
47. Carson, D.J., Richards, P.J.R., Modeling surface turbulent fluxes in stable conditions. Boundary Layer Met. 14 (1978), 67–81.
48. Cavaleri, L., Zecchetto, S., Reynolds stresses under wind waves. J. Geophys. Res. 92 (1987), 3894–3904.
49. Chao, S.Y., River-forced estuarine plumes. J. Phys. Oceanogr. 18 (1988), 72–88.
50. Charnock, H., Wind stress on a water surface. Quart. J. Roy. Meteor. SOC. 82 (1955), 639–640.
51. Chen, J.C., Studies on gravitational spreading currents. Rept. No. KH-R-40, 1980, California Institute of Technology.
52. Cheung, F.B., Epstein, M., Two-phase gas bubble-liquid boundary layer flow along vertical and inclined surfaces. Nuclear Eng. and Design. 99 (1987), 93–100.
53. Christodoulou, G.G., Interfacial mixing in stratified flows. J. Hydr. Res. 24 (1986), 77–92.
54. Chu, V.H., Baddour, R.E., Turbulent gravity-stratified shear flows. J. Fluid Mech. 138 (1984), 353–378.
55. Chu, V.H., Jirka, G.H., Surface buoyant jets and plumes. Cheremisinoff, N., (eds.) Encyclopedia of Fluid Mechanics, 1985, Gulf Publishing, Houston, Texas, 1053–1084.
56. Clarke, R.H., Dyer, A.J., Brook, R.R., Reid, D.G., Troup, A.J., The Wangara experiment: Boundary layer data. Tech. Paper No. 19, 1971, CSIRO Div. Met. Phys., Melbourne, Victoria.
57. Claussen, M., The flow in a turbulent boundary layer upstream of a change in surface roughness. Boundary Layer Met. 40 (1987), 31–86.
58. Cohen, A., Existence and regularity for solutions of the Korteweg-de Vries equation. Arch. Rat. Mech. Anal. 71 (1979), 143–175.
59. Callings, I.L., Two large Froude numbers cusped free-surface flows due to a submerged line source or sink, 1985, Manuscript. Deakin University, Victoria.
60. Colman, J.A., Armstrong, D.E., Radon-222 determined vertical eddy diffusivity in the benthic boundary layer of ice-covered lakes. Limnol. Oceanogr. 32 (1987), 577–591.
61. Cooley, P., Harris, S.L., The prevention of stratification in reservoirs. J. Inst. Water Eng. 8 (1954), 517–537.
62. Cormack, D.E., Leal, L.G., Imberger, J., Natural convection in a shallow cavity with differentially heated end walls. Part 1: Asymptotic theory. J. Fluid Mech. 65 (1974), 209–230.
63. Cormack, D.E., Stone, G.P., Leal, L.G., The effect of upper surface conditions on convection in a shallow cavity with differentially heated end walls. Intl. J. Heat Mass Transfer 18 (1975), 635–648.
64. Craya, A., Recherches theoriques sur I'ecoulement de couches superposees de fluides de densites differentes. La Houille Blanche, 1949, 44–55 Jan.-Feb.
65. Csanady, G.T., Response of large stratified lakes to wind. J. Phys. Oceanogr. 2 (1972), 3–13.
66. Csanady, G.T., Circulation in the Coastal Ocean, 1982, D. Reidel Publishing, Boston.
67. Dake, J.M.K., Harleman, D.R.F., Thermal stratification in lakes: Analytical and laboratory studies. J. Water Resources Res. 5 (1969), 484–495.
68. Darbyshire, J., Colclough, M., Measurement of thermal conductivities in a freshwater lake. Geofisica Pura i Applicata 93 (1972), 151–158.
69. Darden, R.B., Imberger, J., Fischer, H., Jet discharge into a stratified reservoir. J. Hydr. Div. ASCE 101 (1975), 1211–1220.
70. Davis, J.M., Destratification of reservoirs–A design approach for perforated-pipe compressed-air systems. Water Services 84 (1980), 497–504.
71. de Szoeke, R.A., On the effects of horizontal variability of wind stress on the dynamics of the ocean mixed layer. J. Phys. Oceanogr. 10 (1980), 1439–1454.
72. de Szoeke, R.A., Rhines, P.B., Asymptotic regimes in mixed-layer deepening. J. Marine Res. 34 (1976), 111–116.
73. Deardorff, J.W., Dependence of air-sea transfer coefficients on bulk stability. J. Geophys. Res. 73 (1968), 2549–2557.
74. Deardorff, J.W., Convective velocity and temperature scales for the unstable planetary boundary layer. J. Atinos. Sci. 27 (1970), 1211–1213.
75. Deardorff, J.W., Three-dimensional numerical study of the height and mean structure of a heated planetary boundary layer. Boundary Layer Met. 7 (1974), 81–106.
76. Debler, W.R., Stratified flow into a line sink. J. Eng. Mech. Div. 85 (1959), 51–65.
77. Denton, R.A., Wood, I.R., Penetrative convection at low Peclet number. J. Fluid Mech. 113 (1981), 1–21.
78. Dickey, T.D., Simpson, J.J., The influence of optical water type on the diurnal response of the upper ocean. Tellus 35B (1983), 142–154.
79. Dillon, T.M., Richman, J.G., Hansen, C.G., Pearson, M.D., Near surface turbulence measurements in a lake. Nature 290 (1981), 390–392.
80. Ditmars, J.D., Cedenvall, K., Analysis of air-bubble plumes. Proc. Coastal Eng. Conf, 1974, 2209–2226 Copenhagen. Ch. 128.
81. Djordjevic, V.D., Redekopp, L.G., The fission and disintegration of internal solitary waves moving over two-dimensional topography. J. Phys. Oceanogr. 8 (1978), 1016–1024.
82. Dobson, F.W., Hasse, L., Davis, R., Air-Sea Interaction Instruments and Methods, 1980, Plenum Press, New York.
83. Donelan, M.A., Similarity theory applied to the forecasting of wave heights, periods and directions. Proc. Canadian Coastal Conf, 1980, Burlington, Ontario, 47–61.
84. Donelan, M.A., The dependence of the aerodynamic drag coefficient on wave parameters. First Intl. Conf. on Meteorology and Air/Sea Interaction of the Coastal Zone, 1982, The Hague, American Met. Soc., Boston, 381–387 (preprint volume).
85. Donelan, M.A., Peirson, W.J., Radar scattering and equilibrium ranges in wind-generated waves with application to scatterometry. J. Geophys. Res. 92 (1987), 4971–5029.
86. Dortch, M.S., Holland, J.P., Methods of total lake destratification. Proc. Symp. on Surface Water Impoundments, 1980, Minneapolis, Minnesota, 913–922 ASCE, Paper No. 5–19.
87. Drazin, P.G., Reid, W.H., Hydrodynamic stability, 1981, Cambridge University Press, New York.
88. Drummond, J.E., Korpela, S.A., Natural convection in a shallow cavity. J. Fluid Mech. 182 (1987), 543–564.
89. Dubreil-Jacotin, M.L., Sur les theorems dexistence relatifs a w ondes permanentes periodiques a deux dimensions dan les liquids heterogenes. J. de Mathematiques 3 (1934), 217–291.
90. Dyer, A.J., A review of flux-profile relationships. Boundary Layer Met 7 (1974), 363–372.
91. Ex, Hopfinger, E.J., On mixing across an interface in stably stratified fluid. J. Fluid Mech. 166 (1986), 227–244.
92. Edinger, J.E., Buchak, E.M., Developments in LAWM2: A longitudinal–vertical, time-varying hydrodynamic reservoir model, 1983, Waterways Experiment Station, Vicksburg, Mississippi Tech. Rept. E-83–1.
93. Elder, J.W., The dispersion of marked fluid in turbulent shear flow. J. Fluid Mech. 5 (1959), 544–560.
94. Elliott, G. H., and Elliott, J. A. (1970). Laboratory studies on the thermal bar. In “Proc. 13th Conf. Great Lakes Res.,” pp. 413–418. Intl. Assoc. Great Lakes Res. Ann Arbor.
95. Ellison, T.H., Turner, J.S., Mixing of a dense fluid in a turbulent pipe flow. Part 1: Overall description of the flow. J. Fluid Mech. 33 (1959), 514–528.
96. Emmanuel, C.B., Drag and bulk aerodynamic coefficients over shallow water. Boundary Layer Met. 8 (1975), 465–474.
97. Farmer, D.M., Observations of long nonlinear waves in a lake. J. Phys. Oceanogr. 8 (1978), 63–73.
98. Farmer, D.M., Carmack, E., Wind mixing and restratification in a lake near the temperature of maximum density. J. Phys. Oceanogr. 11 (1982), 1516–1533.
99. Farrell, G.J., Stefan, H.G., Buoyancy induced plunging flow into reservoirs and coastal regions, 1986, St. Anthony Falls Hydraulic Lab., University of Minnesota Proj. Rept. No. 241.
100. Faust, K.M., Modelldarstellung von Warmeinselstromungen durch Konvek–tionsstrahlen, 1981, Universitat Karlsruhe Paper No. SFB 80/ET/201.
101. Findikakis, A.N., Street, R.L., Finite element simulation of stratified turbulent flows. J. Hydr. Div. ASCE 108 (1982), 904–920.
102. Findikakis, A.N., Street, R.L., Mathematical description of turbulent flows. J. Hydr. Div. ASCE 108 (1982), 887–903.
103. Findikakis, A.N., Street, R.L., Approximate numerical model for stratified flow. J. Eng. Mech. 109 (1983), 950–969.
104. Fischer, H.B., Smith, R.D., Observations of transport to surface waters from a plunging inflow to Lake Mead. Limnol. Oceanogr. 28 (1983), 258–272.
105. Fischer, H.B., List, E.J., Koh, R.C.Y., Imberger, J., Brooks, N.H., Mixing in Inland and Coastal Waters, 1979, Academic Press, New York.
106. Forbes, L.K., Hocking, G.C., Flow caused by a point sink in a fluid having a free surface. J. Aust. Math. Soc. Ser. B, 1988 (in press).
107. Ford, D. (1978). Unpublished data. Environ. Lab., Waterways Experiment Station, Vicksburg, Mississippi.
108. Ford, D.E., Johnson, M.C., Field observations of density currents in impoundments. Stefan, H.G., (eds.) Surface Water Impoundments, 1981, ASCE. Minneapolis, Minnesota, 1239–1248.
109. Ford, D.E., Johnson, M.C., Monismith, S.G., Density inflows to Degray Lake, Arkansas. Second Intl. Symp. on Stratified Flows, 1980, Trondheim, 977–987.
110. Franke, R., Leschziner, M.A., Rodi, W., Numerical simulation of wind-driven turbulent flow in stratified water bodies. List, E.J., (eds.) Proc. 3rd Intl. Symp. on Stratified Flows, 1987, ASCE Pasadena, California.
111. Friehe, C.A., Schmitt, K.F., Parameterization of air-sea interface fluxes of sensible heat and moisture by the bulk aerodynamic formulas. J. Phys. Oceanogr. 6 (1976), 801–809.
112. Fritts, D.C., Gravity wave saturation in the middle atmosphere: A review of theory and observations. Rev. Geophys. Space Phys. 22 (1984), 275–308.
113. Gargett, A.E., Holloway, G., Dissipation and diffusion by internal waves breaking. J. Marine Res. 42 (1984), 15–27.
114. Gariel, P., Recherches experimentales sur I'ecoulement de couches superposees de fluides de densites differentes. La Houille Blanche, 1949, 44–55 Jan.-Feb.
115. Garratt, J.R., Review of drag coefficients over oceans and continents. Monthly Weather Review 105 (1977), 915–929.
116. Garratt, J.R., The stably stratified internal boundary layer for steady and diurnally varying offshore flow. Boundary Layer Met. 38 (1987), 369–394.
117. Garratt, J.R., Ryan, B.F., The structure of the stably stratified internal boundary layer in offshore flow over the sea. Boundary Layer Met. 47 (1988), 17–40.
118. Garrett, C., Gilbert, D., Estimates of vertical mixing by internal waves reflected off a sloping bottom. Nihoul, J.J., Jamart, B.M., (eds.) Small-Scale Turbulence and Mixing in the Ocean: Proc. 19th Intl. Leige Coll. on Ocean Hydrodyn, 1988, Elsevier, New York, 405–424.
119. Garrett, C., Munk, W., Internal waves in the ocean. Ann. Rev. Fluid Mech. 11 (1979), 339–369.
120. Garwood, R.W., An oceanic mixed layer model capable of simulating cyclic states. J. Phys. Oceanogr. 7 (1977), 455–468.
121. Geernaert, G.L., Katsaros, K.B., Incorporation of stratification effects on the oceanic roughness length in the derivation of the neutral drag coefficient. J. Phys. Oceanogr. 16 (1986), 1580–1584.
122. Geernaert, G.L., Katsaros, K.B., Richter, K., Variation of the drag coefficient and its dependence on sea state. J. Geophys. Res. 91 (1986), 7667–7679.
123. Geernaert, G.L., Larsen, S.E., Hansen, F., Measurements of the wind stress, heat flux and turbulence intensity during storm conditions over the North Sea. J. Geophys. Res. 92 (1987), 13127–13139.
124. Gelhar, L. W., and Mascolo, D. M. (1966). Non-diffusive characteristics of slow viscous stratified flow towards a line sink. Massachusetts Institute of Technology Hydrodynamics Lab. Rept. No. 88, pp. 1–39.
125. Gibson, C.H., Fossil temperature, salinity and vorticity turbulence in the ocean. Nihoul, J.C.J., (eds.) Marine Turbulence, 1980, Elsevier, New York, 221–257.
126. Gibson, C.H., On the scaling of vertical temperature gradient spectra. J. Geophys. Res. 87 (1982), 8031–8038.
127. Gibson, C.H., Internal waves, fossil turbulence and composite ocean microstructure spectra. J. Fluid Mech. 168 (1986), 89–117.
128. Gibson, C.H., Fossil turbulence and intermittency in sampling oceanic mixing processes. J. Geophys. Res. 92 (1987), 5383–5404.
129. Gibson, C.H., Oceanic turbulence: Big bangs and continuous creation. J. Physiochem. Hydrodyn. 8 (1987), 1–22.
130. Gibson, C.H., Evidence and consequences of fossil turbulence in the ocean. Nihoul, J.J., Jamart, B.M., (eds.) Small-Scale Turbulence and Mixing in the Ocean, Proc. 19th Intl. Leige Coll. on Ocean Hydrodyn, 1988, Elsevier, New York, 319–334.
131. Gill, A.E., The boundary-layer regime for convection in a rectangular cavity. J. Fluid Mech. 26 (1966), 515–536.
132. Gill, A.E., Clarke, A.J., Wind induced upwelling, coastal currents and sea level changes. Deep-sea Res. 21 (1974), 325–345.
133. Gordon, J.A., LARM two-dimensional model: An evaluation. J. Environ. Eng. Div. 107 (1981), 877–886.
134. Graf, W.H., Merzi, N., Pemnjaquet, C., Aerodynamic drag measured at a nearshore platform on Lake Geneva. Arch. Met. Geophys. Bioklim. A33 (1984), 151–173.
135. Graham, D.S., Destratification characteristics and energy efficiency of air-plume mixing of stratified fluids. Paper No. 5–20. Proc. Symp. on Surface Water Impoundments, 1980, Minneapolis, Minnesota, 923–932 ASCE.
136. Gregg, M.C., Diapycnal mixing in the thermocline: A review. J. Geophys. Res. 92 (1987), 5249–5286.
137. Gregg, M.C., Briscoe, M.G., Internal waves, finestructure, microstructure and mixing in the ocean. Rev. Geophys. Space Phys. 17 (1979), 1524–1548.
138. Gregg, M.C., Sanford, T.B., The dependence of turbulent dissipation on stratification in a diffusively stable thermocline. J. Geophys. Res. 93 (1988), 12381–12392.
139. Hannoun, I.A., List, E.J., Turbulent mixing at a shear-free density interface. J. Fluid Mech. 189 (1988), 211–234.
140. Hannoun, I.A., Fernando, H.J.S., List, E.J., Turbulence structure near a sharp density interface. J. Fluid Mech. 189 (1988), 189–209.
141. Harashima, A., Watanabe, M., Laboratory experiments on the steady gravitational circulation excited by cooling of the water surface. J. Geophys. Res. 91 (1986), 13056–13064.
142. Harleman, D.R.F., Hydrothermal analysis of lakes and reservoirs. J. Hydr. Div. ASCE 108 (1982), 302–325.
143. Hydr Din Harleman, D.R.F., Hurley-Octavio, K.A., Heat transport mechanisms in lakes and reservoirs. Proc. 17th Cong. Intl. Assoc. Hydr. Res, 1977, Baden Baden.
144. Harleman, D.R.F., Morgan, R.L., Purple, R.A., Selective withdrawal from a vertically stratified fluid. Proc. 8th Congr. Intl. Assoc. for Hydr. Res, 1959, Montreal, 10-C-1–10-C-16.
145. Hart, J.E., Stability of thin non-rotating Hadley circulations. J. Atmos. Sci. 29 (1972), 687–697.
146. Hart, J.E., Low Prandtl number convection between differentially heated end walls. Intl. J. Heat Mass Transfer 26 (1983), 1069–1074.
147. Hart, J.E., A note on the stability of low-Prandl number Hadley circulations. J. Fluid Mech. 132 (1983), 271–281.
148. Hauenstein, W., Drams, T.H., Investigation of plunging density currents generated by inflows in lakes. J. Hydr. Res. 22 (1984), 157–179.
149. Heaps, N.S., Vertical structure of current in homogeneous and stratified waters. Hutter, K., (eds.) Hydrodynamics of Lakes, 1984, Springer-Verlag, New York, 153–207.
150. Heaps, N.S., Ramsbottom, A.E., Wind effects on water in a narrow two-layered lake. Phil. Trans. Roy. Soc. London Ser. A 259 (1966), 391–430.
151. Heathershaw, A. D., and Martin, J. (1987). The theory and tuning of the Met 0.20 mixed layer model. Admirality Research Establishment Accn. No. 75636.
152. Hebbert, R., Imberger, J., Loh, I., Patterson, J., Collie River underflow into the Wellington Reservoir. J. Hydr. Div. ASCE 105 (1979), 533–545.
153. Henderson-Sellers, B., Role of eddy diffusivity in thermocline formation. Proc. ASCE 102 (1976), 517–531.
154. Henderson-Sellers, B., Reservoir destratification techniques and models. Proc. Applying Res. to Hydraulic Practice Conf, 1982, Mississippi, 697–706 ASCE.
155. Henderson-Sellers, B., Development and application of “U. S. E. D”: A hydroclimate lake stratification model. Ecol. Modelling 21 (1984), 233–246.
156. Henderson-Sellers, B., Engineering Limnology, 1984, Pitman, Marshfield, Massachusetts.
157. Henderson-Sellers, B., New formulation of eddy diffusion thermocline models. Appl, Math. Modelling 9 (1985), 441–446.
158. Henderson-Sellers, B., Calculating the surface energy balance for lake and reservoir modeling: A review. Rev. Geophys. 24 (1986), 625–649.
159. Hicks, B.B., Some evaluations of drag and bulk transfer coefficients over water bodies of different sizes. Boundary Layer Met. 3 (1972), 201–213.
160. Hicks, B.B., A procedure for the formulation of bulk transfer coefficients over water. Boundary Layer Met. 8 (1975), 315–324.
161. Hicks, B.B., Wind profile relationships from the ‘Wangara’ experiment. Quart. J. Roy. Met. Soc. 102 (1975), 535–551.
162. Hicks, B.B., Drinklow, R.L., Grauze, G., Drag and bulk transfer coefficients associated with a shallow water surface. Boundary Layer Met. 6 (1974), 287–297.
163. Hocking, G.C., Cusp-like free-surface flows due to a submerged source or sink in the presence of a flat or sloping bottom. J. Aust. Math. Soc. Ser. B. 26 (1985), 470–486.
164. Hocking, G.C., Critical withdrawal from a two-layer fluid through a Line sink. Environmental Dynamics Rept. No. ED-88–240, 1988, Centre for Water Research, University of Western Australia.
165. Hocking, G.C., Patterson, J.C., Quasi two-dimensional modelling of reservoirs. Environmental Dynamics Rept. ED-88–283, 1988, Centre for Water Research, University of Western Australia.
166. Hocking, G.C., Sherman, B.S., Patterson, J.C., Algorithm for selective withdrawal from stratified reservoir. J. Hydr. Div. ASCE 114 (1988), 707–719.
167. Holloway, G., Eddies, waves, circulation and mixing: Statistical geofluid mechanics. Ann. Rev. Fluid Mech. 18 (1986), 91–147.
168. Holyer, J.Y., Huppert, H.E., Gravity currents entering a two-layer fluid. J. Fluid Mech. 100 (1980), 739–767.
169. Hopfinger, E.J., Turbulence in stratified fluids: A review. J. Geophys. Res. 92 (1987), 5287–5303.
170. Hopfinger, E.J., Toly, J.A., Spatially decaying turbulence and its relation to mixing across density interfaces. J. Fluid Mech. 78 (1976), 155–175.
171. Horn, W., Mortimer, C.H., Schwab, D.J., Wind-induced internal seiches in Lake Zurich observed and modeled. Limnol. Oceanogr. 31 (1986), 1232–1254.
172. Howard, C.S., Density currents in Lake Mead. Proc. Intl. Hydr. Convention, 1953, Minnesota, 355–368 ASCE.
173. Hsu, S.A., A dynamic roughness equation and its application to wind stress determination at the air-sea interface. J. Phys. Oceanogr. 4 (1974), 116–120.
174. Hsu, S.A., A mechanism for the increase of wind stress (drag) coefficient with wind speed over water surfaces: A parametric model. J. Phys. Oceanogr. 16 (1986), 144–150.
175. Huber, D.G., Irrotational motion of two fluid strata towards a Line sink. J. Eng. Mech. Div. 86 (1960), 71–86.
176. Huber, W.C., Harleman, D.R.F., Ryan, P.J., Temperature prediction in stratified reservoirs. J. Hydr. Div. ASCE 98 (1972), 645–666.
177. K.A., Hurley-Octavio, G.H., Jirka, D.R.F., Harleman, Vertical heat transport mechanisms in lakes and reservoirs. Tech. Rept. 227, Massachusetts Institute of Technology., (1977)
178. Hussain, N.A., Narang, B.S., Simplified analysis of air-bubble plumes in moderately stratified environments. J. Heat Transfer 106 (1984), 543–551.
179. Hutchinson, G.E., A Treatise on Limnology. I. Geography, Physics and Chemistry, 1957, John Wiley & Sons, New York.
180. Hutter, K., Hydrodynamics of Lakes, 1984, Springer-Verlag, New York.
181. Hutter, K., Hydrodynamic modeling of lakes. Encyclopedia of Fluid Mechanics, 1986, Gulf Publishing, Houston, Texas, 897–998.
182. Idso, S.B., On the concept of lake stability. Limnol. Oceanogr. 18 (1973), 681–683.
183. Idso, S.B., Cole, G.A., Studies on a Kentucky Knobs Lake: V. Some aspects of the vertical transport of heat in the hypolimnion. J. Ecol. 61 (1973), 413–420.
184. Imberger, J., Selective withdrawal from a stratified reservoir. Ph.D. thesis, 1970, University of California, Berkeley.
185. Imberger, J., Two-dimensional sink flow of a stratified fluid contained in a duct. J. Fluid Mech. 53 (1972), 329–349.
186. Imberger, J., Natural convection in a shallow cavity with differentially heated end walls. Part 3: Experimental results. J. Fluid Mech. 65 (1974), 247–260.
187. Imberger, J., Dynamics of a longitudinally stratified estuary. Proc. 15th Coastal Eng. Conf, 1976, ASCE, Hawaii, 3108–3115.
188. Imberger, J. (1980). Selective withdrawal: A review. In “Proc. 2nd Intl. Symp. on Stratified Flows,” Int. Ass. Hydraulic Research (IAHR) Trondheim.
189. Imberger, J., Reservoir dynamics modeling. O'hughlin, E.M., Cullen, P., (eds.) Prediction in Water Quality, 1982, Australian Academy of Science, Canberra, 223–248.
190. Imberger, J., The diurnal mixed layer. Limnol. Oceanogr. 30 (1985), 737–770.
191. Imberger, J., Hydrodynamics of lakes. Proc. 12th Convention Australian Water and Wastewater Assoc, 1987, Adelaide, AWWA, South Australia, 401–423.
192. Imberger, J., On the nature of turbulence in a stratified water body. Environmental Dynamics Rept. No. ED-87–216, 1988, Centre for Water Research, University of Western Australia.
193. Imberger, J., Boashash, B., Application of the Wigner-Ville distribution to temperature gradient microstructure: A new technique to study small-scale variations. J. Phys. Oceanogr. 16 (1986), 1997–2012.
194. Imberger, J., Fandry, C., Withdrawal of a stratified fluid from a vertical two-dimensional duct. J. Fluid Mech. 70 (1975), 321–332.
195. Imberger, J., and Fischer, H. B. (1970). Selective withdrawal from a stratified reservoir. Water Pollution Control Res. Series 15040 EJZ 12/70, E.P.A. Water Quality Office.
196. Imberger, J., Hamblin, P.F., Dynamics of lakes, reservoirs and cooling ponds. Ann. Rev. Fluid Mech. 14 (1982), 153–187.
197. Management of water quality in reservoirs, J., Imberger, R.H.B., Hebbert, Tech. Paper No. 49, Res. Proj. No. 74/70, Aust. Water Res. Council., (1980)
198. Imberger, J., Monismith, S.G., A model for deepening due to upwelling when W > 1. J. Fluid Mech. 171 (1986), 432–439 (Appendix to Monismith (1986)).
199. Imberger, J., Parker, G., Mixed layer dynamics in a lake exposed to a spatially variable wind field. Limnol. Oceanogr. 39 (1985), 473–488.
200. Imberger, J., Patterson, J.C., A dynamic reservoir simulation model—DYRESM. Fischer, H.B., (eds.) Transport Models for Inland and Coastal Waters, 1981, Academic Press, New York, 310–361.
201. Imberger, J., Spigel, R.H., Circulation and mixing in Lake Rotongaio and Lake Okaro under conditions of light to moderate winds: Preliminary results. N. Z. J. Marine and Freshwater Res. 21 (1987), 515–519.
202. Imberger, J., Thompson, R.O.R.Y., Fandry, C., Selective withdrawal from a finite rectangular tank. J. Fluid Mech. 78 (1976), 489–512.
203. Imberger, J., Patterson, J.C., Hebbert, R., Loh, I., Dynamics of reservoirs of medium size. J. Hydr. Div. ASCE 104 (1978), 725–743.
204. Imboden, D.M., Emerson, S., Natural radon and phosphorus as limnologic tracers: Horizontal and vertical eddy diffusion in Greifensee. Limnol. Oceanogr. 23 (1977), 77–90.
205. Imboden, D.M., Joller, T., Turbulent mixing in the hypolimnion of Baldeggersee (Switzerland) traced by natural radon-222. Limnol. Oceanogr. 29 (1984), 831–844.
206. Imboden, D.M., Weiss, R.F., Craig, H., Michel, R.L., Goldman, C.R., Lake Tahoe geochemical study. 1. Lake chemistry and tritium mixing study. Limnol. Oceanogr. 22 (1977), 1039–1051.
207. Imboden, D.M., Lemmin, U., Joller, T., Schurter, M., Mixing mechanisms in lakes: Mechanisms and ecological relevance. Schweiz. Z. Hydrol. 45 (1983), 11–44.
208. Inaba, H., Seki, N., Fukusako, S., Kanyama, K., Natural convective heat transfer in a shallow rectangular cavity with different end temperatures. Numer. Heat Transfer 4 (1981), 459–468.
209. Itsweire, E.C., Helland, K.N., van Atta, C.W., The evolution of grid generated turbulence in a stably stratified fluid. J. Fluid Mech. 162 (1986), 299–338.
210. Ivetic, M., Iwasa, Y., Inoue, K., Large eddy simulation of a shear driven flow in a test reservoir. Radojkovic, M., Maksimovic, C., Brebbia, C.A., (eds.) Proc. 2nd Intl. Conf. Hydrosoft 86, 1986, Springer Verlag, 209–216 Southampton.
211. Ivey, G.N., The role of boundary mixing in the deep ocean. J. Geophys. Res. 92 (1987), 11873–11878.
212. Ivey, G.N., Blake, S., Axisymmetric withdrawal and inflow in a densitystratified container. J. Fluid Mech. 161 (1985), 115–137.
213. Ivey, G.N., Boyce, F.M., Entrainment by bottom currents in Lake Erie. Limnol. Oceanogr. 27 (1982), 1029–1038.
214. Ivey, G.N., Corms, G.M., Boundary mixing in a stratified fluid. J. Fluid Mech. 121 (1982), 1–26.
215. Ivey, G.N., Hamblin, P.F., Convection near the temperature of maximum density for high Rayleigh number, low aspect ratio, rectangular cavities. J. Heat Transfer 111 (1989), 100–105.
216. Ivey, G.N., Nokes, R.I., Vertical mixing due to the breaking of initial waves on sloping boundaries. J. Fluid Mech. 204 (1989), 479–500.
217. Ivey, G.N., Patterson, J.C., A model of the vertical mixing in Lake Erie in summer. Limnol. Oceanogr. 29 (1984), 553–563.
218. Jain, S.C., Buoyancy-driven circulation in free-surface channels. J. Fluid Mech. 122 (1982), 1–12.
219. Janowitz, G.S., A surface density and wind-driven model of the thermocline. J. Geophys. Res. 91 (1986), 5111–5118.
220. Jassby, A., Powell, T., Vertical patterns of eddy diffusion during stratification in Castle Lake, California. Limnol. Oceanogr. 20 (1975), 530–543.
221. Jirka, G.H., Arita, M., Density currents or density wedges: Boundary-layer influence and control methods. J. Fluid Mech. 177 (1987), 187–206.
222. Jirka, G.H., Katavola, D.S., Supercritical withdrawal from two-layered fluid systems. Part 2: Three-dimensional flow into round intake. J. Hydr. Res. 17 (1979), 53–62.
223. Johnson, T.R., Ellis, C.R., Farrell, G.J., Stefan, H.G., Negatively buoyant flow in a diverging channel. I: Flow regimes. J. Hydr. Eng. 113 (1987), 716–730.
224. Johnson, T.R., Ellis, C.R., Farrell, G.J., Stefan, H.G., Negatively buoyant flow in a diverging channel. II: 3-D flow field descriptions. J. Hydr. Eng. 113 (1987), 731–742.
225. Johnson, T.R., Ellis, C.R., Stefan, H.G., Negatively buoyant flow in a diverging channel: IV: Entrainment and dilution. J. Hydr. Eng. 115 (1988), 437–456.
226. Jokela, J.B., Patterson, J.C., Quasi-two-dimensional modelling of reservoir inflow. Proc. 21st IAHR Intl. Congr, 2, 1985, Institution of Engineers, Melbourne, 317–322 Aust. Natl. Conference Publication No. 85/13.
227. Kamial, J.C., Wyngaard, J.C., Haugen, D.A., Cote, O.R., Izumi, Y., Turbulence structure in the convective boundary layer. J. Atmos. Sci. 33 (1976), 2152–2169.
228. Kantha, L.H., Phillips, O.M., Azad, R.S., On turbulent entrainment at a stable density interface. J. Fluid Mech. 79 (1977), 753–768.
229. Kao, T.W., Free streamline theory for inviscid stratified flow into a line sink. Phys. Fluids 13 (1970), 558–564.
230. Kao, T.W., Selective withdrawal criteria of stratified fluids. J. Hydr. Div. ASEE 102 (1976), 717–729.
231. Kao, T.W., Pao, H.P., Wei, S.N., Dynamics of establishment of selective withdrawal of a stratified fluid from a line sink. Part 2: Experiment. J. Fluid Mech. 65 (1974), 689–710.
232. Kao, T.W., Park, C., Pao, H.P., Inflows, density currents and fronts. Phys. Fluids 21 (1978), 1912–1922.
233. Kato, H., Phillips, O.M., On the penetration of a turbulent layer into stratified fluid. J. Fluid Mech. 37 (1969), 643–655.
234. Keijman, J.Q., The estimation of the energy balance of a lake from simple weather data. Boundary Layer Met. 7 (1974), 399–407.
235. Keller, W.C., Plant, W.J., Weissman, D.E., The dependence of X band microwave sea return on atmospheric stability and sea state. J. Geophys. Res. 90 (1985), 1019–1029.
236. Keulegan, G. G., and Brame, V. (1960). Fourteenth progress report on model laws for density currents mixing effect of wind induced waves. NBS Project No. 0603–11-06431, U.S. Dept. of Commerce.
237. Khomskis, W.R., Dynamics and Thermics of Small Lakes, 1969, Vilnyus, Mintis (in Russian).
238. Khomskis, W.R., Filatova, T.N., Principles of typology of stratified lakes in relation to vertical exchange. Verhandlungen der Internationalen Vereinigung fur Theoretische und Angewandte Limnologie 18 (1972), 528–536.
239. Kielmann, J., Simons, T.J., Some aspects of baroclinic circulation models. Hutter, K., (eds.) Hydrodynamics of Lakes, 1984, Springer-Verlag, New York, 235–285.
240. Kim, B.R., Higgins, J.M., Bruggink, D.J., Reservoir circulation patterns and water quality. J. Environ. Eng. 109 (1983), 1284–1294.
241. Kirk, J.T.O., Light and Photosynthesis in Aquatic Ecosystems, 1983, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.
242. Kitaigorodskii, S.A., On the calculation of the aerodynamic roughness of the sea surface. Izv. Atmos. Oceanic Phys. 4 (1968), 498–502.
243. Kitaigorodskii, S.A., Zaslavskii, M.M., A dynamical analysis of the drag conditions at the sea surface. Boundary Layer Met. 6 (1974), 53–61.
244. Kitaigorodskii, S.A., Kutznetsov, O.A., Panin, G.N., Coefficients of drag, sensible heat and evaporation in the atmosphere over the surface of the sea. Izv. Atmos. Oceanic Phys. 9 (1973), 1135–1141.
245. Kitaigorodskii, S.A., Donelan, M.A., Lumley, J.A., Terray, E.A., Wave-turbulence interactions in the upper ocean. Part II: Statistical characteristics of wave and turbulent components of the random velocity field in the marine surface layer. J. Phys. Oceanogr. 13:11 (1983), 1988–1999.
246. Kobus, H.E., Analysis of the flow produced by air bubble systems. Proc. 11th Coastal Eng. Conf, 1968, ASCE London, 1016–1031.
247. Koh, R.C.Y., Unsteady stratified flow into a sink. J. Hydr. Res. 4:2 (1966), 21–34.
248. Koh, R.C.Y., Viscous stratified flow towards a sink. J. Fluid Mech. 24 (1966), 555–575.
249. Kondo, J., Air-sea bulk transfer coefficients in diabatic conditions. Boundary Layer Met. 9 (1975), 91–112.
250. Kranenburg, C., Destratification of lakes using bubble columns. J. Hydr. Div. ASCE 105 (1979), 333–349.
251. Kranenburg, C., Wind-induced entrainment in a stably stratified fluid. J. Fluid Mech. 145 (1984), 253–273.
252. Kranenburg, C., Mixed-layer deepening in lakes after wind set-up. J. Hydr. Div. ASCE. 111 (1985), 1279–1297.
253. Kraus, E.B., Modeling and Prediction of the Upper Layers of the Ocean, 1977, Pergamon Press, New York.
254. Kraus, E.B., Turner, J.S., A one-dimensional model of the seasonal thermocline: II. The general theory and its consequences. Tellus 14 (1967), 98–106.
255. Kullenberg, G., Murthy, C. R., and Westerberg, H. (1974). Vertical mixing characteristics in the thermocline and hypolimnion regions of Lake Ontario. (IFYGL). In “Proc. 17th Conf. Great Lakes Res.,” Vol. 1, pp. 425–434. Intl. Assoc. Great Lake Res. Ann Arbor.
256. Lake Biwa Research Institute (1987). Fundamental studies on the vertical transport of materials in Lake Biwa. Rept. No. 86-A05.
257. Langmuir, I., Surface motion of water induced by wind. Science 87 (1938), 119–123.
258. Large, W.G., Pond, S., Open ocean momentum flux measurements in moderate to strong winds. J. Phys. Oceanogr. 11 (1981), 324–336.
259. Lawrence, G.A., Imberger, J., Selective withdrawal through a point sink in a continuously stratified fluid with a pycnocline. Environmental Dynamics Rept. No. ED-79–002, 1979, Centre for Water Research, University of Western Australia.
260. Lawrence, G.A., Lasheras, J.C., Browand, F.K., Shear instabilities in stratified flow. Preprint from 3rd Intl. Symp. on Stratified Flows, 1, 1987, Pasadena, California.
261. Leibovich, S., Convective instability of stably stratified water in the ocean. J. Fluid Mech. 82 (1977), 561–585.
262. Leibovich, S., On the evolution of the system of wind drift currents and Langmuir circulations in the ocean. Part 1: Theory and the averaged current. J. Fluid Mech. 79 (1977), 715–743.
263. Leibovich, S., On wave-current interaction theories of Langmuir circulation. J. Fluid Mech. 99 (1980), 715–724.
264. Leibovich, S., The form and dynamics of Langmuir circulations. Ann. Rev. Fluid Mech. 15 (1983), 391–427.
265. Leibovich, S., Paolucci, S., The Langmuir circulation instability as a mixing mechanism in the upper ocean. J. Phys. Oceanogr. 10 (1980), 186–207.
266. Leibovich, S., Radhakrishnan, K., On the evolution of the system of wind drift currents and Langmuir circulations in the ocean. Part 2: Structure of the Langmuir vortices. J. Fluid Mech. 80 (1977), 481–507.
267. Lerman, A., Time to chemical steady-state in lakes and ocean. Adv. in Chem. Ser. 106 (1971), 30–76.
268. Lerman, A., Stiller, M., Vertical eddy diffusion in Lake Tiberias. Verhandlungen der Internationalen Vereinigung fur Theoretische und Angewandte Limnologie 17 (1969), 323–333.
269. Lewis, W.M., The thermal regime of Lake Lanao (Philipines) and its theoretical implication for tropical lakes. Limnol. Oceanogr. 18 (1973), 200–217.
270. Lewis, E.L., Perkin, R.G., Seasonal mixing processes in an Arctic fjord system. J. Phys. Oceanogr. 12 (1982), 74–83.
271. Lighthill, M.J., Dynamic response of the Indian Ocean to the southwest monsoon. Phil. Trans. R. Soc. London Ser. A. 265 (1969), 45–92.
272. Lin, J.T., Pao, Y.H., Wakes in stratified fluids. Ann. Rev. Fluid Mech. 11 (1979), 317–338.
273. Linden, P.F., The deepening of a mixed layer in a stratified fluid. J. Fluid Mech. 71 (1975), 385–405.
274. Linden, P.F., Simpson, J.E., Gravity-driven flows in a turbulent fluid. J. Fluid Mech. 172 (1986), 481–497.
275. Lo, A.K., McBean, G.A., On the relative errors in methods of flux calculations. J. Appl. Met. 17 (1978), 1704–1711.
276. Loftler, H., Tropical high-mountain lakes. Their distribution, ecology and zoogeographical importance. Colloquium Geographicum 9 (1968), 57–76.
277. Long, R.R., Sources and sinks at the axis of a rotating liquid. Quart. J. Mech. and Appl. Math. 9 (1956), 385–393.
278. Lueck, R.G., Osborn, T.R., Turbulence measurements in a submarine canyon. Continental Shelf Res. 4 (1985), 681–698.
279. Luketina, D.A., Imberger, J., Characteristics of a surface buoyant jet. J. Geophys. Res. 92 (1987), 5435–5447.
280. Luketina, D.A., Imberger, J., Turbulence and entrainment in a buoyant surface plume. J. Geophys. Res., 1988 (in press).
281. MacIntyre, S., Melack, J.M., Meromixis in an equatorial African soda lake. Limnol. Oceanogr. 27 (1982), 595–609.
282. Mahony, J.J., Pritchard, W.G., Withdrawal from a reservoir of stratified fluid, 1977, Fluid Mech. Res. Institute, University of Essex Rept. No. 79.
283. Mahrt, L., Lenschow, D.H., Growth dynamics of the convectively mixed layer. J. Amos. Sci. 33 (1976), 41–51.
284. Manins, P.C., Intrusion into a stratified fluid. J. Fluid Mech. 74 (1976), 547–560.
285. Markofsky, M., Harleman, D.R.F., Prediction of water quality in stratified reservoirs. J. Hydr. Div. ASCE 99 (1973), 729–745.
286. Marmoush, Y.R., Smith, A.A., Hamblin, P.F., Pilot experiments on thermal bar in lock exchange flow. J. Energy Eng. 110 (1984), 215–227.
287. Marti, V.D.E., Imboden, D.M., Thermische energieflusse an der wasseroberflache: beispiel sempachersee. Schweiz. Z. Hydrol. 48 (1986), 196–229.
288. Maxworthy, T., Experimental and theoretical studies of horizontal jets in a stratified fluid. IAHR Intl. Symp. on Stratified Flows, 1972, Novosibirsk, IAHR, 611–619.
289. Maxworthy, T., On the formation of nonlinear internal waves from the gravitational collapse of mixed regions in two and three dimensions. J. Fluid Mech. 96 (1980), 47–72.
290. Maxworthy, T., Monismith, S.G., Differential mixing in a stratified fluid. J. Fluid Mech. 189 (1988), 571–598.
291. McBean, G.A., Paterson, R.D., Variations of the turbulent fluxes of momentum, heat and moisture over Lake Ontario. J. Phys. Oceanogr. 5 (1975), 523–531.
292. McDougall, T.J., Bubble plumes in stratified environments. J. Fluid Mech. 85 (1978), 655–672.
293. McEwan, A.D., Baines, P.G., Shear fronts and an experimental stratified shear flow. J. Fluid Mech. 63 (1974), 257–272.
294. Mellor, G.L., Durbin, P.A., The structure and dynamics of the ocean surface mixed layer. J. Phys. Oceanogr. 5 (1975), 718–728.
295. Mellor, G.L., Yamada, T., Development of a turbulence closure model for geophysical fluid problems. Rev. Geophys. Space Phys. 29 (1982), 851–875.
296. Melville, W.K., Wind stress and roughness length over breaking waves. J. Phys. Oceanogr. 7 (1977), 702–710.
297. Milgram, J.H., Mean flow in round bubble plumes. J. Fluid Mech. 133 (1983), 345–376.
298. Miyake, M., Donelan, M., McBean, G., Paulson, C., Badgley, F., Leavitt, E., Comparison of turbulent fluxes over water determined by profile and eddy correlation techniques. Quart. J. Roy. Met. Soc. 96 (1970), 132–137.
299. Monin, A.S., Obukhov, A.M., Basic laws of turbulent mixing in the atmosphere near the ground. Jr. Akad. Nauk SSSR Geofiz. Inst. 24:151 (1954), 163–187.
300. Monismith, S.G., Wind-forced motions in stratified lakes and their effect on mixed-layer shear. Limnol. Oceanogr. 30 (1985), 771–783.
301. Monismith, S.G., An experimental study of the upwelling response of stratified reservoirs to surface shear stress. J. Fluid Mech. 171 (1986), 407–439.
302. Monismith, S.G., The modal response of reservoirs to wind stress. J. Hydr. Div. ASCE 113 (1987), 1290–1326.
303. Monismith, S.G., Imberger, J., Horizontal convection in the sidearm of a small reservoir. Environmental Dynamics Rept. ED-86–161, 1988, Centre for Water Research, University of Western Australia.
304. Monismith, S.G., Maxworthy, T., Selective withdrawal and spin-up of a rotating, stratified fluid. J. Fluid Mech. 199 (1988), 377–401.
305. Monismith, S.G., Imberger, J., Billi, G., Shear-waves and unsteady selective withdrawal. J. Hydr. DiV. ASCE 114 (1988), 1134–1152.
306. Mortimer, C.H., Lake hydrodynamics. I. V. L., 20, 1974, 124.
307. Mortimer, C.H., Fifty years of physical investigations and related limnological studies on Lake Erie, 1928–1977. J. Great Lakes Res. 13 (1987), 407–435.
308. Mulhearn, P.J., On the formation of a stably stratified internal boundary-layer by advection of warm air over a cooler sea. Boundary Layer Met. 21 (1981), 247–254.
309. Muller, P., Garwood, R.W., Mixed layer dynamics: Progress and new directions. EOS 69 (1988), 2–4 10, 12.
310. Muller, P., Henderson, D., Dynamics of the oceanic surface mixed layer. Proc. Aha Huliko'a Hawaiian Winter Workshop, 1987, Hawaii Institute of Geophysics Special Publication, Honolulu.
311. Muller, P., Pujalet, R., Internal gravity waves and small-scale turbulence. Proc. Aha Huliko'a Hawaiian Winter Workshop, 1984, Hawaii Institute of Geophysics Special Publication, Honolulu.
312. Munk, W., Anderson, E.R., Notes on a theory of the thermocline. J. Marine Res. 7 (1948), 276–295.
313. Murota, A., Hirata, T., Breaking of internal gravity wave on slope. Tech. Reps. of Osaka University 29:1487 (1979), 255–264.
314. Murota, A., Michioku, K., Analysis on selective withdrawal from three-layered stratified systems and its practical application. J. Hydrosci. Hydr. Eng. 4 (1986), 31–50.
315. Murota, A., Michioku, K., Characteristics of internal fluctuations in thermally stratified fields induced by combination of mechanical and thermal stirring. Proc. JSCE 375:II-6 (1986), 171–179.
316. Murota, A., Hirata, T., Michioku, K., Breaking of internal gravity wave on slope: II. Tech. Reps. of Osaka University 30:1543 (1980), 255–261.
317. Murota, A., Michioku, K., Kuchida, M., Numerical analysis on vertical mixing phenomena induced by composite stirring. Proc. JSCE II-9, 1988, 67–76.
318. Myrup, L.O., Powell, T.M., Godden, D.A., Goldman, C.R., Climatological estimate of the average monthly energy and water budgets of Lake Tahoe, California-Nevada. Water Resources Res. 15 (1979), 1499–1508.
319. Narimousa, A., Fernando, H.J.S., On the sheared-density interface of an entraining stratified fluid. J. Fluid Mech. 174 (1987), 1–22.
320. Narimousa, S., Long, R.R., Kitaigorodskii, S.A., Entrainment due to turbulent shear flow at the interface of a stably stratified fluid. Tellus 38A (1986), 76–87.
321. Newman, F.C., Temperature steps in Lake Kivu: A bottom heated saline lake. J. Phys. Oceanogr. 6 (1976), 157–163.
322. Niiler, P.P., Deepening of the wind-mixed layer. J. Marine Res. 33 (1975), 405–422.
323. Niiler, P.P., Kraus, E.B., One-dimensional models of the upper ocean. Kraus, E.B., (eds.) Modeling and Prediction of the Upper Layers of the Ocean, 1977, Pergamon Press, New York, 143–172.
324. Nishida, S., Yoshida, S., Stability of a two-layer shear flow. Theoretical and App. Mech. 32 (1984), 35–45.
325. Nokes, R.I., On the entrainment rate across a density interface. J. Fluid Mech. 188 (1988), 185–204.
326. O'Donnell, J., Garvine, R.W., A time dependent, two-layer frontal model of buoyant plume dynamics. Tellus 35A (1983), 73–80.
327. Ookubo, K., Muramoto, Y., Coriolis' effects on density Currents–Experiments on the rotating exchange flow. Bulletin of the Disaster Prevention Research Institute 24B-2 (1981), 339–365.
328. Ookubo, K., Muramoto, Y., Oonishi, Y., Kumagai, M., Laboratory experi–ments on thermally induced currents in Lake Biwa. Bulletin of the Dbaster Prevention Research Institute 34/2:304 (1984), 19–54.
329. Orlob, G.T., Selna, L.G., Temperature variations in deep reservoirs. J. Hydr. Div. ASCE 96 (1970), 391–410.
330. Panofsky, H.A., Determination of stress from wind and temperature measurements. Quart. J. Roy. Meteor. Soc. 89 (1983), 85–94.
331. Pao, H.P., Kao, T.W., Sources and sinks at the axis of a viscous rotating fluid. Phys. Fluids 12 (1969), 1536–1546.
332. Pao, H.P., Kao, T.W., Dynamics of establishment of selective withdrawal of a stratified fluid from a line sink. Part I: Theory. J. Fluid Mech. 65 (1974), 657–688.
333. Pao, H.P., Shih, T.H., Selective withdrawal and blocking wave in rotating fluids. J. Fluid Mech. 57 (1973), 459–480.
334. Parker, G.J., Imberger, J., Differential mixed-layer deepening in lakes and reservoirs. de Deckker, P., Williams, W.D., (eds.) Limnology in Australia, 1986, Junk Publishers, Melbourne, Victoria, 63–92 W.
335. Patalas, K, Mieszanie wody jako czynnik okreslajacy intensywnose krazenia materii w roznych morfologicznie jeziorach okolic Wegorzewa. Roczniki Nauk Rolniczych B77 (1960), 223–242.
336. Patalas, K., Wind und morphologiebedingte wasserwegunstypen als bestimmender Faktor fur die Intersitat des Stoffkreislaufes in nordpolnischen Seen. Verhandlungen der Internationalen Vereinigung fur Theoretische und Angewandte Limnologie. 14 (1961), 59–64.
337. Patterson, J.C., Unsteady natural convection in a cavity with internal heating and cooling. J. Fluid Mech. 140 (1984), 135–151.
338. Patterson, J.C., Hamblin, P.F., Thermal simulation of a lake with winter ice cover. Limnol. Oceanogr. 33 (1988), 323–338.
339. Patterson, J., Imberger, J., Unsteady natural convection in a rectangular cavity. J. Fluid Mech. 100 (1980), 65–86.
340. Patterson, J.C., Imberger, J., Simulation of bubble plume destratification systems in reservoirs. Aquatic Sciences 51 (1989), 3–18.
341. Patterson, J.C., Hamblin, P.F., Imberger, J., Classification and dynamic simulation of the vertical density structure of lakes. Limnol. Oceanogr. 29 (1984), 845–861.
342. Patterson, J.C., Allanson, B.R., Ivey, G.N., A dissolved oxygen budget model for Lake Erie in summer. Freshwater Biology 15 (1985), 683–694.
343. Paulson, C.A., The mathematical representation of wind speed and temperature profiles in the unstable atmospheric surface layer. J. Appl. Met. 9 (1970), 857–861.
344. Peterson, E.W., Modification of mean flow and turbulent energy by a change in surface roughness under conditions of neutral stability. Quart. J. Roy. Met Soc. 95 (1969), 561–575.
345. Phillips, O.M., Shyu, J.H., Salmun, H., An experiment on boundary mixing: Mean circulation and transport rates. J. Fluid Mech. 173 (1986), 473–499.
346. Pollard, R.T., Observations and theories of Langmuir circulations and their role in near suface mixing. Angel, M., (eds.) A Voyage of Discovery: George Deacon 70th Anniversary Volume, 1977, Pergamon Press, New York, 235–251.
347. Pollard, R.T., Rhines, P.B., Thompson, R.O.R.Y., The deepening of the wind mixed layer. Geophys. Fluid Dyn. 3 (1973), 381–404.
348. Pond, S., Fissel, D.B., Paulson, C.A., A note on bulk aerodynamic coefficients for sensible heat and moisture fluxes. Boundary Layer Met. 6 (1974), 333–339.
349. Price, J.F., Mooers, C.N.K., Van Leer, J.C., Observations and simulation of storm-induced mixed-layer deepening. J. Phys. Oceanogr. 8 (1978), 582–599.
350. Raphael, J.M., Prediction of temperature in rivers and reservoirs. J. Power Div. 88 (1962), 157–182.
351. Rayner, K.N., Diurnal energetics of a reservoir surface layer. Environmental Dynamics Rept. ED-80–005, 1981, Centre for Water Research, University of Western Australia.
352. Robarts, R.D., Ward, P.R.B., Vertical diffusion and nutrients transport in a tropical lake (Lake McIlwaine, Rhodesia). Hydrobiologia 59 (1978), 213–221.
353. Robarts, R.D., Ashton, P.J., Thornton, J.A., Taussig, H.J., Sephton, L.M., Overturn in a hypertonic, warm, monomictic impoundment (Hartbeespoort Dam, South Africa). Hydrobiologia 97 (1982), 209–224.
354. Roberts, P.J.W., Matthews, P.R., Behavior of low buoyancy jets in a linearly stratified fluid. J. Hydr. Res. 25 (1987), 503–519.
355. Rodgers, G. K. (1971). Field investigation of the thermal bar in Lake Ontario: Precision temperature measurements. In “Proc. 14th Conf. Great Lakes Res.,” pp. 618–624. Intl. Assoc. Great Lakes Res. Ann Arbor.
356. Rodi, W., HMT, Vol. 6: Turbulent buoyant jets and plumes, 1982, Pergamon Press, Sydney.
357. Rodi, W., Examples of calculation methods for flow and mixing in stratified fluids. J. Geophys. Res. 92:C5 (1987), 5305–5328.
358. Rohr, J.J., Itsweire, E.C., Helland, K.N., Van Atta, C.W., An investigation of the growth of turbulences in a uniform-mean-shear flow. J. Fluid Mech. 187 (1988), 1–33.
359. Sadhuram, Y., Vethamony, P., Suryanarayana, A., Swamy, G.N., Sastry, J.S., Heat energy exchange over a large water body under stable atmospheric conditions. Boundary Layer Met. 44 (1988), 171–180.
360. Sahlberg, J., A hydrodynamical model for calculating the vertical temperature profile in lakes during cooling. Nordic Hydrology, 1983, 239–254.
361. Sanderson, B., Perry, K., Pederson, T., Vertical diffusion in meromictic Powell Lake, British Columbia. J. Geophys. Res. 91 (1986), 7647–7655.
362. Sargent, R. E., and Jirka, G. H. (1982). A comparative study of density currents and density wedges (with application to intermediate field dynamics of ocean thermal energy conversion plants). Contract No. ET-78-S-02–4683, U.S. Dept. of Energy.
363. Savage, S.B., Brimberg, J., Analysis of plunging phenomena in water resources. J. Hydr. Res. 13 (1975), 187–204.
364. Schertzer, W.M., Saylor, J.H., Boyce, F.M., Robertson, D.G., Rosa, F., Seasonal thermal cycle of Lake Erie. J. Great Lakes Res. 13 (1987), 468–486.
365. Scott, C.F., Imberger, J., Three-dimensional estuary circulation and classification. Cheng, R., (eds.) Proc. Intl. Conf. Phys. of Shallow Estuaries and Bays, 1988, Springer-Verlag. Pacific Grove, California Lecture Notes on Coastal and Estuarine Studies.
366. Scott, J.T., Myer, G.E., Stewart, R., Walther, E.G., On the mechanism of Langmuir circulations and their role in epilimnion mixing. Limnol. Oceanogr. 14 (1969), 493–503.
367. Shay, T.J., Gregg, M.C., Turbulence in an oceanic convective mixed layer. Nature 310 (1984), 282–285.
368. Shay, T.J., Gregg, M.C., Convectively driven turbulent mixing in the upper ocean. J. Phys. Oceanogr. 16 (1986), 1777–1798.
369. Shay, T.J., Imberger, J., Mixing in a strongly stratified low-energy lake. Environmental Dynamics Rept. ED-88–255, 1988, Centre for Water Research, University of Western Australia.
370. Sherman, F.S., Imberger, J., Corcos, G.M., Turbulence and mixing in stably stratified waters. Ann. Rev. Fluid Mech. 10 (1978), 267–288.
371. Shih, H.H., Pao, H.S., Selective withdrawal in rotating fluids. J. Fluid Mech. 49 (1971), 509–527.
372. Shih, T.H., Lumley, J.L., Janicka, J., Second-order modeling of a variable-density mixing layer. J. Fluid Mech. 180 (1987), 93–116.
373. Silvester, R., An experimental study of end wall effects on selective withdrawal of linearly stratified liquid from a reservoir. Ph.D. thesis, 1979, University of Western Australia.
374. Simpkins, P.G., Dudderar, J.D., Convection in rectangular cavities with differentially heated end walls. J. Fluid Mech. 110 (1981), 433–456.
375. Simpson, J.E., Gravity currents in the laboratory, atmosphere, and ocean. Ann. Rev. Fluid Mech. 14 (1982), 213–234.
376. Smith, S.D., Wind stress and heat flux over the ocean in gale force winds. J. Phys. Oceanogr. 5 (1980), 709–726.
377. Smith, S.D., Anderson, R.J., Spectra of humidity, temperature and wind over the sea at Sable Island, Nova Scotia. J. Geophys. Res. 89 (1984), 2029–2040.
378. Smith, S.D., Banke, E.G., Variation of the sea surface drag coefficient with wind speed. Quart. J. Roy. Met. Soc. 101 (1975), 665–673.
379. Smith, J., Pinkel, R., Weller, R.A., Velocity structure in the mixed layer during MILDEX. J. Phys. Oceanogr. 17 (1987), 425–439.
380. Smyth, N.F., Holloway, P.E., Hydraulic jump and undular bore formation on a shelf break. J. Phys. Oceanogr. 18 (1988), 947–962.
381. Sorbjan, Z., On similarity in the atmospheric boundary layer. Boundary Layer Met. 34 (1986), 377–397.
382. Spain, J.D., Wernert, G.M., Hubbard, D.W., The structure of the spring thermal bar in Lake Superior. J. Great Lakes Res. 2 (1976), 296–306.
383. Spalding, D.B., Svensson, U., The development and erosion of the thermocline. Proc. Seminar Intl. Centre for Heat and Mass Transfer, 1, 1977, Hemisphere Publ. Corp., Washington D.C., 113–122.
384. Spigel, R.H., Wind mixing in lakes. Ph.D. thesis, 1978, University of California, Berkeley.
385. Spigel, R.H., Coupling of internal wave motion with entrainment at the density interface of a two-layer lake. J. Phys. Oceanogr. 10 (1980), 144–155.
386. Spigel, R.H., Farrant, B., Selective withdrawal through a point sink and pycnocline formation in a linearly stratified flow. J. Hydr. Res. 22 (1984), 35–51.
387. Spigel, R.H., Imberger, J., The classification of mixed layer dynamics in lakes of small to medium size. J. Phys. Oceanogr. 19 (1980), 1104–1121.
388. Spigel, R.H., Imberger, J., Rayner, K.N., Modeling the diurnal mixed layer. Limnol. Oceanogr. 31 (1986), 533–556.
389. Stacey, M.W., Bowen, A.J., The vertical structure of density and turbidity currents: Theory and observations. J. Geophys. Res. 93 (1988), 3528–3542.
390. Stefan, H.G., Ford, D.E., Temperature dynamics in dimictic lakes. J. Hydr. Div. ASCE 101 (1975), 97–114.
391. Stefan, H.G., Cardoni, J.J., Schiebe, F.R., Cooper, C.M., Model of light penetration in a turbid lake. Water Resources Res. 19 (1983), 109–120.
392. Steinhorn, I., Assaf, G., The physical structure of the Dead Sea water column: 1975–1977. Nissenbaum, A., (eds.) Hypersaline Brines and Evaporitic Environments, 1980, Elsevier, Amsterdam, 145–153.
393. Steinhorn, I., Gat, J.R., The Dead Sea. Scienttfic American. 249:4 (1983), 102–109.
394. Stewart, R.W., The air-sea momentum exchange. Boundary Layer Met. 6 (1974), 151–167.
395. Stocker, T., Hutter, K., One-dimensional models for topographic Rossby waves in elongated basins on the f-plane. J. Fluid Mech. 170 (1986), 435–459.
396. Straskraba, M., The effects of physical variables on freshwater production: Analyses based on models. Le Cren, E.D., McConnell, R.H., (eds.) The Functioning of Freshwater Ecosystems, 1980, Cambridge University Press, England, 13–84.
397. Strub, P.T., The response of a small lake to atmospheric forcing during fall cooling. Ph.D. thesis, 1983, University of California.
398. Strub, P.T., Powell, T.M., Wind-driven surface transport in stratified closed basins: Direct versus residual circulations. J. Geophys. Res. 91 (1986), 8497–8508.
399. Strub, P.T., Powell, T.M., The exchange coefficients for latent and sensible heat flux over lakes: Dependence upon atmospheric stability. Boundary Layer Met. 40 (1987), 349–361.
400. Stull, R., The energetics of entrainment across a density interface. J. Amos. Sci. 33 (1976), 1260–1267.
401. Sturm, T.W., Laminar gravitational convection of heat in dead-end channels. J. Fluid Mech. 110 (1981), 97–113.
402. Sun, T.Y., Faeth, G.M., Structure of turbulent bubbly jets–1. Methods and centerline properties. Intl. J. Mukiphare Flow 12 (1986), 99–114.
403. Sundaram, T.R., Rehm, R.G., The seasonal thermal structure of deep temperate lakes. Tellus 25 (1973), 157–168.
404. Svensson, U., A mathematical model of the seasonal thermocline, 1977, Rept. No. 1002, Dept. of Water Resources Eng., University of Lund, Sweden.
405. Sverdrup, H.U., Oceanography for Meteorologists, 1945, George Allen and Unwin, London.
406. Swinbank, W.C., Long-wave radiation from clear skies. Quurr. J. Roy. Met. Soc. 89 (1963), 339–348.
407. Tacke, K.H., Schubert, H.G., Weber, D.J., Schwerdtfeger, K., Characteristics of round vertical gas bubble jets. Metallurgical Trans. B. 16 (1985), 263–275.
408. Taylor, G.I., The dispersion of matter in turbulent flow through a pipe. Proc. Roy. Soc. London Ser. A. 223 (1954), 446–468.
409. Sci. Pap. 2 (1960), 466–488.
410. Taylor, P.A., A model of airflow above changes in surface heat flux, temperature and roughness for neutral and unstable conditions. Boundary Layer Mer. 1 (1970), 474–497.
411. Taylor, M., Aquise, E., A climatological energy budget of Lake Titicaca (Peru/Bolivia). I.V.L. 22 (1984), 1246–1251.
412. Tennekes, H., Lumley, J.L., A First Course in Turbulence, 1972, MIT Press, Cambridge, Massachusetts.
413. Tennessee Valley Authority (1972). Heat and Mass Transfer Between a Water Surface and the Atmosphere. Lab. Rept. No. 14, Noms, Tennessee.
414. Thomas, J.H., A theory of steady wind-driven currents in shallow water with variable eddy viscosity. J. Phys. Oceanogr. 5 (1975), 136–142.
415. Thompson, R.O.R.Y., Imberger, J., Response of a numerical model of a stratified lake to wind stress. Carstens, T., McClimans, T., (eds.) Proc. 2nd IAHR Symp. on Stratified Flows, Trondheim, 1980, IAHR, 562–570.
416. Thorpe, S.A., Experiments on stability of stratified shear flow. Radio Sci. 4 (1969), 1327–1331.
417. Thorpe, S.A., Turbulence in stably stratified fluids: A review of laboratory experiments. Boundary Layer Met. 5 (1973), 95–119.
418. Thorpe, S.A., Near-resonant forcing in a shallow two-layer fluid: A model for the internal surge in Loch Ness. J. Fluid Mech. 63 (1974), 509–527.
419. Thorpe, S.A., The near-surface ocean mixing layer in stable heating conditions. J. Geophys. Res. 8 (1978), 2875–2885.
420. Thorpe, S.A., On the layers produced by rapidly oscillating a vertical grid in a uniformly stratified fluid. J. Fluid Mech. 124 (1982), 391–409.
421. Thorpe, S.A., Transitional phenomena and the development of turbulence in stratified fluids: A review. J. Geophys. Res. 92 (1987), 5231–5248.
422. Thorpe, S.A., Hall, A.J., Observations of the thermal structure of Langmuir circulation. J. Fluid Mech. 114 (1982), 237–250.
423. Tolland, H.G., Destratification/aeration in reservoirs. Tech. Rept. TR 50, 1977, Water Research Centre, England.
424. Trevisan, O.V., Bejan, A., Convection driven by the non-uniform absorption of thermal radiation at the free surface of a stagnant pool. Numerical Hear Transfer 10 (1986), 483–506.
425. Trusturn, K., Rotating and stratified flow. J. Fluid Mech. 19 (1964), 415–432.
426. Tsihrintzis, V.A., Alavian, V., A model for predicting the properties of three-dimensional negatively buoyant starting plumes on a sloping surface. Proc. 3rd Intl. Symp. on Stratified Flows, 1987, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena. IAHR.
427. Tuck, E.O., Vanden Broeck, J.M., A cusp-like free-surface flow due to a submerged source or sink. J. Aust. Math. Soc. Ser. B 25 (1984), 443–450.
428. Tucker, W.A., Green, A.W., A time-dependent model of the lake averaged, vertical temperature distribution of lakes. Limnol. Oceanogr. 22 (1977), 687–699.
429. Turner, J.S., Multicomponent convection. Ann. Rev. Fluid Mech. 17 (1985), 11–44.
430. Tzur, Y., One-dimensional diffusion equations for the vertical transport in an oscillating stratified lake of varying cross-section. Tellus 25 (1973), 266–271.
431. UNESCO (1981). Tenth report of the joint panel on oceanographic tables and standards. Sidney, B.C., Canada.
432. U.S. Army Coastal Engineering Research Center. Shore Protection Manual, 1, 1977, U.S. Govt. Printing Office, Washington, 3.35–3.37.
433. U.S. Army Corps of Engineers (1982). CE-QUAL-R1: A numerical one-dimensional model of reservoir water quality. Instr. Rept. No. E-82–1, Waterways Experiment Station.
434. Vanden Broeck, J.M., Keller, J.B., Free surface flow due to a sink. J. Fluid Mech. 175 (1987), 109–117.
435. Venkatram, A., A model of internal boundary-layer development. Boundary Layer Met. 11 (1977), 419–437.
436. Venkatram, A., An examination of methods to estimate the height of the coastal internal boundary layer. Boundary Layer Met. 36 (1986), 149–156.
437. Ventz, D., Die Einzugsgebietsgrosse, ein Geofaktor fur den Trophiczustand stehender Gewasser. Forrschnitte der Wasserchemie und ihrer Grenzgebiete 14 (1973), 105–118.
438. Veronis, G., Analogous behavior of homogeneous, rotating fluids and stratified, nonrotating fluids. Tellus 19 (1967), 620–634.
439. Walesh, S.G., Monkmeyer, P.L., Bottom withdrawal of viscous stratified fluid. J. Hydr. Div. ASCE 99 (1973), 1401–1418.
440. Wallace, B.C., Wilkinson, D.L., Run-up of internal waves on a gentle slope in a two-layered system. J. Fluid Mech. 191 (1988), 419–442.
441. Ward, P.R.B., Diffusion in lake hypolimnia. Proc. 17th Congr. Intl. Assoc. Hydr. Res, 2, 1977, Baden-Baden, IAHR, 103–110.
442. Water Resources Engineers, Inc. Mathematical models for prediction of thermal energy changes in impoundments. U. S. E. P. A. Water Pollution Control Res, 1969, U. S. Govt. Printing Office, Washington, D.C. Series, 16130 EXT, Contract 14–22–422.
443. Wedderburn, E.M., The temperature of the freshwater lochs of Scotland with special reference to Loch Ness. Trans. Roy. Soc. Edinburgh 45 (1906), 407–490.
444. Wedderburn, E.M., The temperature seiche: Observations in the Madusee. Trans. Roy. Soc. Edinburgh 47 (1911), 619–642.
445. Wedderburn, E.M., Temperature observations in Loch Earn with a further contribution to the hydrodynamical theory of temperature seiches. Trans. Roy. Soc. Edinburgh 48 (1912), 629–695.
446. Weinstock, J., Effect of gravity waves on turbulence decay in stratified fluids. J. Fluid Mech. 140 (1984), 11–26.
447. Weiss, W., Lehn, H., Munnich, K.O., Fischer, K.H., On the deep-water turnover of Lake Constance. Arch. Hydrobiol. 86 (1979), 405–422.
448. Weller, R.A., Dean, J.P., Marra, J., Price, J.F., Francis, E.A., Boardman, D.C., Three dimensional flow in the upper ocean. Science 227 (1985), 1552–1556.
449. Wetzel, R.G., Limnology, 1975, W. B. Saunders, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.
450. Wieringa, J., Comparison of three methods for determining strong wind stress over Lake Flevo. Boundary Layer Met. 7 (1974), 3–19.
451. Wilkinson, D.L., Dynamics of contained oil slicks. J. Hydr. Div. ASCE 98 (1972), 1013–1030.
452. Wilkinson, D.L., Two-dimensional bubble plumes. J. Hydr. Div. ASCE 105 (1979), 139–154.
453. Wilkinson, D.L., Wood, I.R., Some observations on the motion of the head of a density current. J. Hydr. Res. 10 (1972), 305–324.
454. Willis, G.E., Deardorff, J.W., A laboratory model of the unstable planetary boundary layer. J. Atmos. Sci. 31 (1974), 1297–1307.
455. Witten, A.J., Thomas, J.H., Steady-wind driven currents in a large lake with depth-dependent eddy viscosity. J. Phys. Oceanogr. 6 (1976), 85–92.
456. Wood, I.R., Selective withdrawal from two-layer fluid. J. Hydr. Div. ASCE 104 (1978), 1647–1659.
457. Wright, J.C., The limnology of Canyon Ferry Reservoir. IV. The estimation of primary production from physical limnological data. Limnol. Oceanogr. 6 (1961), 330–337.
458. Wu, J., Wind-induced turbulent entrainment across a stable density interface. J. Fluid Mech. 61 (1973), 275–287.
459. Wu, J., Wind-stress coefficients over sea surface near neutral conditions-A revisit. J. Phys. Oceanogr. 10 (1980), 727–740.
460. Wu, J., Parameterization of wind-stress coefficients over water surfaces. J. Geophys. Res. 90 (1985), 9069–9072.
461. Wucknitz, J., Determination of turbulent fluxes of momentum and sensible heat from fluctuation measurements and the structure of wind field over waves above the tropical Atlantic during ATEX. “Meteor” Forschungsergab 11 (1976), 25–50.
462. Wuest, A., Ursprung und grosse von mischungsprozessen im hypolimnion naturlicher seen, 1987, Eidgenossischen Technischen Hoschschule, Zurich Rept. No. 8350.
463. Wuest, A., Imboden, D.M., Schurter, M., Origin and size of hypolimnic mixing in Urnersee, the southern basin of Vienvaldstattersee (Lake Lucerne). Schweiz. Z. Hydrol., 1988, 50.
464. Wunderlich, W. D., and Elder, R. A. (1969). Selective withdrawal from density stratified reservoirs. Rept. No. 21, Water Resources Res. Advance.
465. Yih, C.S., Dynamics of non-homogeneous fluids, 1965, Macmillan, New York.
466. Yih, C.S., Stratified Flows, 1980, Academic Press, New York.
467. Yoshimura, S., A contribution to the knowledge of deep water temperature of Japanese lakes. Japanese J. Astro. Geophys. 13 (1936), 61–120.
468. Zeman, O., Tennekes, H., Parameterization of the turbulent energy budget at the top of the daytime atmospheric boundary layer. J. Atmos. Sci. 34 (1977), 111–123.