The importance of appropriate prophylaxis for the prevention of venous thromboembolism in at-risk medical patients

International Journal of Clinical Practice

Volumn 64, Issue 11, 2010, Pages 1554-1562

  Dobesh, P ^a  

^a NEBRASKA MEDICAL CENTER   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ACETYLSALICYLIC ACID; DALTEPARIN; ENOXAPARIN; FONDAPARINUX; HEPARIN; LOW MOLECULAR WEIGHT HEPARIN; PLACEBO;

CLINICAL PRACTICE; CLINICAL TRIAL; COST EFFECTIVENESS ANALYSIS; DEEP VEIN THROMBOSIS; DRUG COST; DRUG DOSE COMPARISON; DRUG DOSE REDUCTION; DRUG EFFICACY; DRUG USE; ECONOMIC ASPECT; FOOD AND DRUG ADMINISTRATION; HEALTH CARE COST; HEALTH SURVEY; HUMAN; PRACTICE GUIDELINE; PRIORITY JOURNAL; PROPHYLAXIS; REVIEW; RISK ASSESSMENT; TREATMENT DURATION; VENOUS THROMBOEMBOLISM;

ANTICOAGULANTS; DRUG ADMINISTRATION SCHEDULE; DRUG COSTS; EVIDENCE-BASED MEDICINE; FORECASTING; GUIDELINE ADHERENCE; HOSPITALIZATION; HUMANS; PRACTICE GUIDELINES AS TOPIC; RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIALS AS TOPIC; RISK FACTORS; VENOUS THROMBOEMBOLISM;

EID: 77956833335     PISSN: 13685031     EISSN: 17421241     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1111/j.1742-1241.2010.02447.x     Document Type: Review

References (48)

1. Geerts WH, Bergqvist D, Pineo GF et al. Prevention of venous thromboembolism: American College of Chest Physicians Evidence-Based Clinical Practice Guidelines (8th Edition). Chest 2008 133 (6 Suppl. 381S 453S.
2. Spencer FA, Gore JM, Lessard D, Douketis JD, Emery C, Goldberg RJ. Patient outcomes after deep vein thrombosis and pulmonary embolism: the Worcester Venous Thromboembolism Study. Arch Intern Med 2008 168 : 425 30.
3. Heit JA, O'Fallon WM, Petterson TM et al. Relative impact of risk factors for deep vein thrombosis and pulmonary embolism: a population-based study. Arch Intern Med 2002 162 : 1245 8.
4. Lindblad B, Sternby NH, Bergqvist D. Incidence of venous thromboembolism verified by necropsy over 30 years. BMJ 1991 302 : 709 11.
5. Sandler DA, Martin JF. Autopsy proven pulmonary embolism in hospital patients: are we detecting enough deep vein thrombosis? J R Soc Med 1989 82 : 203 5.
6. Piazza G, Seddighzadeh A, Goldhaber SZ. Double trouble for 2,609 hospitalized medical patients who developed deep vein thrombosis: prophylaxis omitted more often and pulmonary embolism more frequent. Chest 2007 132 : 554 61.
7. Cohen AT, Alikhan R, Arcelus JI et al. Assessment of venous thromboembolism risk and the benefits of thromboprophylaxis in medical patients. Thromb Haemost 2005 94 : 750 9.
8. Belch JJ, Lowe GD, Ward AG, Forbes CD, Prentice CR. Prevention of deep vein thrombosis in medical patients by low-dose heparin. Scot Med J 1981 26 : 115 7.
9. Samama MM, Cohen AT, Darmon JY et al. A comparison of enoxaparin with placebo for the prevention of venous thromboembolism in acutely ill medical patients. Prophylaxis in Medical Patients with Enoxaparin Study Group. N Engl J Med 1999 341 : 793 800.
10. Leizorovicz A, Cohen AT, Turpie AG et al. Randomized, placebo-controlled trial of dalteparin for the prevention of venous thromboembolism in acutely ill medical patients. Circulation 2004 110 : 874 9.
11. Cohen AT, Davidson BL, Gallus AS et al. Efficacy and safety of fondaparinux for the prevention of venous thromboembolism in older acute medical patients: randomised placebo controlled trial. BMJ 2006 332 : 325 9.
12. Cardiovascular Disease Educational and Research Trust; Cyprus Cardiovascular Disease Educational and Research Trust; European Venous Forum; International Surgical Thrombosis Forum; International Union of Angiology; Union Internationale de Phlébologie. Prevention and treatment of venous thromboembolism. International Consensus Statement (guidelines according to scientific evidence). Int Angiol 2006 25 : 101 61.
13. Cohen AT, Tapson VF, Bergmann JF et al. Venous thromboembolism risk and prophylaxis in the acute hospital care setting (ENDORSE study): a multinational cross-sectional study. Lancet 2008 371 : 387 94.
14. Tapson VF, Decousus H, Pini M et al. Venous thromboembolism prophylaxis in acutely ill hospitalized medical patients: findings from the International Medical Prevention Registry on Venous Thromboembolism. Chest 2007 132 : 936 45.
15. Yu HT, Dylan ML, Lin J, Dubois RW. Hospitals' compliance with prophylaxis guidelines for venous thromboembolism. Am J Health Syst Pharm 2007 64 : 69 76.
16. Amin A, Stemkowski S, Lin J, Yang G. Thromboprophylaxis rates in US medical centers: success or failure? J Thromb Haemost 2007 5 : 1610 6.
17. US Department of Health and Human Services. The surgeon general's call to action to prevent deep vein thrombosis and pulmonary embolism, 2008. http://www.surgeongeneral.gov/topics/deepvein/calltoaction/call-to-action-on- dvt-2008.pdf. Accessed March 22, 2010.
18. Gallus AS, Hirsh J, Tutle RJ et al. Small subcutaneous doses of heparin in prevention of venous thrombosis. N Engl J Med 1973 288 : 545 51.
19. Cade JF. High risk of the critically ill for venous thromboembolism. Crit Care Med 1982 10 : 448 50.
20. Ibarra-Perez C, Lau-Cortes E, Colmenero-Zubiate N et al. Prevalence and prevention of deep venous thrombosis of the lower extremities in high-risk pulmonary patients. Angiology 1988 39 : 505 13.
21. Gärdlund B. Randomised, controlled trial of low-dose heparin for prevention of fatal pulmonary embolism in patients with infectious diseases. Lancet 1996 347 : 1357 61.
22. Dahan R, Houlbert D, Caulin C et al. Prevention of deep vein thrombosis in elderly medical in-patients by a low molecular weight heparin: a randomized double-blind trial. Haemostasis 1986 16 : 159 64.
23. Burleigh E, Wang C, Foster D et al. Thromboprophylaxis in medically ill patients at risk for venous thromboembolism. Am J Health Syst Pharm 2006 63 (20 Suppl. 6 S23 9.
24. The European Medicines Agency. Scientific Discussion Arixtra, 2005 (Procedure No. EMEAHC403II10). http://www.ema.europa.eu/humandocs/PDFs/EPAR/ arixtra/Arixtra-H-403-II-10-SD.pdf. Accessed March 22, 2010.
25. Bergmann JF, Neuhart E. A multicenter randomized double-blind study of enoxaparin compared with unfractionated heparin in the prevention of venous thromboembolic disease in elderly in-patients bedridden for an acute medical illness. The Enoxaparin in Medicine Study Group. Thromb Haemost 1996 76 : 529 34.
26. Lechler E, Schramm W, Flosbach CW. The venous thrombotic risk in non-surgical patients: epidemiological data and efficacysafety profile of a low-molecular-weight heparin (enoxaparin). The Prime Study Group. Haemostasis 1996 26 (Suppl. 2 49 56.
27. Kleber FX, Witt C, Vogel G et al. Randomized comparison of enoxaparin with unfractionated heparin for the prevention of venous thromboembolism in medical patients with heart failure or severe respiratory disease. Am Heart J 2003 145 : 614 21.
28. Harenberg J, Schomaker U, Flosbach CW. Enoxaparin is superior to unfractionated heparin in the prevention of venous thromboembolic events in medical patients at increased thromboembolic risk [abstract]. Blood 1999 94 (Suppl.1 399a.
29. Hillbom M, Erilä T, Sotaniemi K, Tatlisumak T, Sarna S, Kaste M. Enoxaparin vs heparin for prevention of deep-vein thrombosis in acute ischaemic stroke: a randomized, double-blind study. Acta Neurol Scand 2002 106 : 84 92.
30. Sherman DG, Albers GW, Bladin C et al. The efficacy and safety of enoxaparin versus unfractionated heparin for the prevention of venous thromboembolism after acute ischaemic stroke (PREVAIL Study): an open-label randomised comparison. Lancet 2007 369 : 1347 55.
31. Wein L, Wein S, Haas SJ, Shaw J, Krum H. Pharmacological venous thromboembolism prophylaxis in hospitalized medical patients: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Arch Intern Med 2007 167 : 1476 86.
32. McGarry LJ, Stokes ME, Thompson D. Outcomes of thromboprophylaxis with enoxaparin vs. unfractionated heparin in medical inpatients. Thromb J 2006 4 : 17.
33. Nutescu EA, Wittkowsky AK, Dobesh PP, Hawkins DW, Dager WE. Choosing the appropriate antithrombotic agent for the prevention and treatment of VTE: a case-based approach. Ann Pharmacother 2006 40 : 1558 71.
34. Halkin H, Goldberg J, Modan M, Modan B. Reduction of mortality in general medical in-patients by low-dose heparin prophylaxis. Ann Intern Med 1982 96 : 561 5.
35. King CS, Holley AB, Jackson JL, Shorr AF, Moorea LK. Twice vs three times daily heparin dosing for thromboembolism prophylaxis in the general medical population: a metaanalysis. Chest 2007 131 : 507 16.
36. DeFrances CJ, Cullen KA, Kozak LJ. National Hospital Discharge Survey: 2005 annual with detailed diagnosis and procedure data. Vital Health Stat 13 2007 165 : 1 209.
37. Spencer FA, Lessard D, Emery C, Reed G, Goldberg RJ. Venous thromboembolism in the outpatient setting. Arch Intern Med 2007 167 : 1471 5.
38. Hull RD, Schellong SM, Tapson VF et al. Late Breaking Clinical Trial: extended-duration venous thromboembolism (VTE) prophylaxis in acutely ill medical patients with recent reduced mobility: the EXCLAIM Study [abstract]. J Thromb Haemost 2007 5 (Suppl. 2 abstract O-S-001.
39. MacDougall DA, Feliu AL, Boccuzzi SJ, Lin J. Economic burden of deep-vein thrombosis, pulmonary embolism, and post-thrombotic syndrome. Am J Health Syst Pharm 2006 63 (20 Suppl. 6 S5 15.
40. Spyropoulos AC, Lin J. Direct medical costs of venous thromboembolism and subsequent hospital readmission rates: an administrative claims analysis from 30 managed care organizations. J Manag Care Pharm 2007 13 : 475 86.
41. Dobesh PP. Economic burden of venous thromboembolism in hospitalized patients. Pharmacotherapy 2009 29 : 943 53.
42. de Lissovoy G, Subedi P. Economic evaluation of enoxaparin as prophylaxis against venous thromboembolism in seriously ill medical patients: a US perspective. Am J Manag Care 2002 8 : 1082 8.
43. McGarry LJ, Thompson D, Weinstein MC, Goldhaber SZ. Cost effectiveness of thromboprophylaxis with a low-molecular-weight heparin versus unfractionated heparin in acutely ill medical inpatients. Am J Manag Care 2004 10 : 632 42.
44. Deitelzweig SB, Becker R, Lin J, Benner J. Comparison of the two-year outcomes and costs of prophylaxis in medical patients at risk of venous thromboembolism. Thromb Haemost 2008 100 : 810 20.
45. Merli G, Ferrufino C, Lin J, Hussein M, Battleman D. Hospital-based costs associated with venous thromboembolism treatment regimens. J Thromb Haemost 2008 6 : 1077 86.
46. National Quality Forum. National Voluntary Consensus Standards for prevention and care of venous thromboembolism: additional performance measures. http://www.qualityforum.org/publications/reports/vte-add.asp. Accessed March 22, 2010.
47. Dobesh PP, Stacy ZA. Effect of a clinical pharmacy education program on improvement in the quantity and quality of venous thromboembolism prophylaxis for medically ill patients. J Manag Care Pharm 2005 11 : 755 62.
48. Kucher N, Koo S, Quiroz R et al. Electronic alerts to prevent venous thromboembolism among hospitalized patients. N Engl J Med 2005 352 : 969 77.