메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn , Issue , 2007, Pages 73-87

Effect of Liver Disease on Pharmacokinetics

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords


EID: 77956803624     PISSN: None     EISSN: None     Source Type: Book    
DOI: 10.1016/B978-012369417-1/50047-X     Document Type: Chapter
Times cited : (5)

References (71)
  • 2
    • 0016566218 scopus 로고
    • A physiological approach to hepatic drug clearance
    • Wilkinson GR, Shand DG. A physiological approach to hepatic drug clearance. Clin Pharmacol Ther 1975, 18:1178-1179.
    • (1975) Clin Pharmacol Ther , vol.18 , pp. 1178-1179
    • Wilkinson, G.R.1    Shand, D.G.2
  • 3
    • 0017335453 scopus 로고
    • Prediction of hepatic extraction ratio from in vitro measure-ment of intrinsic clearance
    • Rane A, Wilkinson GR, Shand DG. Prediction of hepatic extraction ratio from in vitro measure-ment of intrinsic clearance. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 1977, 200:1744-1752.
    • (1977) J Pharmacol Exp Ther , vol.200 , pp. 1744-1752
    • Rane, A.1    Wilkinson, G.R.2    Shand, D.G.3
  • 4
    • 84882520901 scopus 로고
    • Models of hepatic elimination: Comparison of stochastic models to describe residence time distributions to predict the influence of drug distribution enzyme h
    • Roberts MS, Donaldson JD, Rowland M. Models of hepatic elimination: Comparison of stochastic models to describe residence time distributions to predict the influence of drug distribution enzyme h. J Pharmacokinet Biopharm 1988, 16:123-136.
    • (1988) J Pharmacokinet Biopharm , vol.16 , pp. 123-136
    • Roberts, M.S.1    Donaldson, J.D.2    Rowland, M.3
  • 5
    • 0036349377 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Enterohepatic circulation: Physiological pharmacoki-netic and clinical implications
    • Roberts MS, Magnusson BM, Burczynski FJ, Weiss M. Enterohepatic circulation: Physiological pharmacoki-netic and clinical implications. Clin Pharmacokinet 2002, 41:377-390.
    • (2002) Clin Pharmacokinet , vol.41 , pp. 377-390
    • Roberts, M.S.1    Magnusson, B.M.2    Burczynski, F.J.3    Weiss, M.4
  • 7
    • 84882560533 scopus 로고
    • Clinical pharmacokinetics of 5-fluorouracil its metabolites in plasma urine and bile
    • Heggie GD, Sommadossi J-P, Cross DS, Huster WJ, Diasio RB. Clinical pharmacokinetics of 5-fluorouracil its metabolites in plasma urine and bile. Cancer Res 1987, 47:41-83.
    • (1987) Cancer Res , vol.47 , pp. 41-83
    • Heggie, G.D.1    Sommadossi, J.-P.2    Cross, D.S.3    Huster, W.J.4    Diasio, R.B.5
  • 8
    • 0026332338 scopus 로고
    • Clinical significance of the biliary excretion of drugs
    • Siegers C-P, Bumann D. Clinical significance of the biliary excretion of drugs. Prog Pharmacol Clin Phar-macol 1991, 8:751-790.
    • (1991) Prog Pharmacol Clin Phar-macol , vol.8 , pp. 751-790
    • Siegers, C.-P.1    Bumann, D.2
  • 9
    • 0016711377 scopus 로고
    • Enterohepatic circulation of indomethacin and its role in intestinal irritation
    • Duggan DE, Hooke KF, Noll RM, Kwan KC. Enterohepatic circulation of indomethacin and its role in intestinal irritation. Biochem Pharmacol 1975, 24:368-379.
    • (1975) Biochem Pharmacol , vol.24 , pp. 368-379
    • Duggan, D.E.1    Hooke, K.F.2    Noll, R.M.3    Kwan, K.C.4
  • 10
    • 0018830564 scopus 로고
    • Pharmacokinetics and bioavailability of cimetidine in humans
    • Veng Pedersen P, Miller R. Pharmacokinetics and bioavailability of cimetidine in humans. J Pharm Sci 1980, 69:2203-2206.
    • (1980) J Pharm Sci , vol.69 , pp. 2203-2206
    • Veng, P.P.1    Miller, R.2
  • 11
    • 0021225241 scopus 로고
    • Pharmacokinetics and bioavailability of ran-itidine in humans
    • Miller R. Pharmacokinetics and bioavailability of ran-itidine in humans. J Pharm Sci 1984, 73:537-549.
    • (1984) J Pharm Sci , vol.73 , pp. 537-549
    • Miller, R.1
  • 12
    • 0016593413 scopus 로고
    • Influence of acute viral hepatitis on phenytoin kinetics and protein binding
    • Blaschke TF, Meffin PJ, Melmon KL, Rowland M. Influence of acute viral hepatitis on phenytoin kinetics and protein binding. Clin Pharmacol Ther 1975, 17:1749-1754.
    • (1975) Clin Pharmacol Ther , vol.17 , pp. 1749-1754
    • Blaschke, T.F.1    Meffin, P.J.2    Melmon, K.L.3    Rowland, M.4
  • 15
    • 0017140870 scopus 로고
    • Influence of viral hepatitis on the dispo-sition of two compounds with high hepatic clearance: Lidocaine and indocyanine green
    • Williams RL, Blaschke TF, Meffin PJ, Melmon KL, Rowland M. Influence of viral hepatitis on the dispo-sition of two compounds with high hepatic clearance: Lidocaine and indocyanine green. Clin Pharmacol Ther 1976, 20:685-691.
    • (1976) Clin Pharmacol Ther , vol.20 , pp. 685-691
    • Williams, R.L.1    Blaschke, T.F.2    Meffin, P.J.3    Melmon, K.L.4    Rowland, M.5
  • 17
    • 0015827158 scopus 로고
    • The effects of hepatic renal damage on paracetamol metabolism and excre-tion following overdosage. A pharmacokinetic study
    • Prescott LF, Wright N. The effects of hepatic renal damage on paracetamol metabolism and excre-tion following overdosage. A pharmacokinetic study. Br J Pharmacol 1973, 49:90-97.
    • (1973) Br J Pharmacol , vol.49 , pp. 90-97
    • Prescott, L.F.1    Wright, N.2
  • 19
    • 0038390096 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Portal hypertension and bleeding esophageal varices
    • WB Saunders, Philadelphia, Z. D, B. TD (Eds.)
    • Boyer TD, Henderson JM Portal hypertension and bleeding esophageal varices. Hepatology: A textbook of liver disease 2003, 710-714. WB Saunders, Philadelphia. 4th ed. Z. D, B. TD (Eds.).
    • (2003) Hepatology: A textbook of liver disease , pp. 710-714
    • Boyer, T.D.1    Henderson, J.M.2
  • 21
    • 0017118941 scopus 로고
    • Splanchnic hemody-namics in cirrhotic patients with esophageal varices and gastrointestinal bleeding
    • Lebrec D, Kotelanski B, Cohn JN. Splanchnic hemody-namics in cirrhotic patients with esophageal varices and gastrointestinal bleeding. Gastroenterology 1976, 70:46-55.
    • (1976) Gastroenterology , vol.70 , pp. 46-55
    • Lebrec, D.1    Kotelanski, B.2    Cohn, J.N.3
  • 22
    • 0021016661 scopus 로고
    • Determinants of drug disposition in patients with cirrhosis
    • Huet P-M, Villeneuve J-P. Determinants of drug disposition in patients with cirrhosis. Hepatology 1983, 3:581-629.
    • (1983) Hepatology , vol.3 , pp. 581-629
    • Huet, P.-M.1    Villeneuve, J.-P.2
  • 23
    • 0018423492 scopus 로고
    • Noninvasive kinetic approach to the estimation of total hepatic blood flow and shunting in chronic liver disease-a hypothesis
    • McLean A, du Souich P, Gibaldi M. Noninvasive kinetic approach to the estimation of total hepatic blood flow and shunting in chronic liver disease-a hypothesis. Clin Pharmacol Ther 1979, 25:359-365.
    • (1979) Clin Pharmacol Ther , vol.25 , pp. 359-365
    • McLean, A.1    du, S.P.2    Gibaldi, M.3
  • 24
    • 0018420450 scopus 로고
    • Enhanced bioavailability and decreased clearance of analgesics in patients with cirrhosis
    • Neal EA, Meffin PJ, Gregory PB, Blaschke TF. Enhanced bioavailability and decreased clearance of analgesics in patients with cirrhosis. Gastroenterology 1979, 77:1108-1111.
    • (1979) Gastroenterology , vol.77 , pp. 1108-1111
    • Neal, E.A.1    Meffin, P.J.2    Gregory, P.B.3    Blaschke, T.F.4
  • 25
    • 0018182351 scopus 로고
    • The influence of cirrhosis on steady-state blood concentrations of unbound propran-olol after oral administration
    • Wood AJJ, Kornhauser DM, Wilkinson GR, Shand DG, Branch RA. The influence of cirrhosis on steady-state blood concentrations of unbound propran-olol after oral administration. Clin Pharmacokinet 1978, 3:913-918.
    • (1978) Clin Pharmacokinet , vol.3 , pp. 913-918
    • Wood, A.J.J.1    Kornhauser, D.M.2    Wilkinson, G.R.3    Shand, D.G.4    Branch, R.A.5
  • 26
    • 0017345066 scopus 로고
    • Protein binding and kinetics of drugs in liver diseases
    • Blaschke TF. Protein binding and kinetics of drugs in liver diseases. Clin Pharmacokinet 1977, 2:161-166.
    • (1977) Clin Pharmacokinet , vol.2 , pp. 161-166
    • Blaschke, T.F.1
  • 27
    • 0025757011 scopus 로고
    • Comparison of levels of several human microsomal cytochrome P-450 enzymes and epoxide hydrolase in normal and disease states using immunochemical analysis of
    • Guengerich FP, Turvy CG. Comparison of levels of several human microsomal cytochrome P-450 enzymes and epoxide hydrolase in normal and disease states using immunochemical analysis of. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 1991, 256:96-102.
    • (1991) J Pharmacol Exp Ther , vol.256 , pp. 96-102
    • Guengerich, F.P.1    Turvy, C.G.2
  • 28
    • 0028801475 scopus 로고
    • Differential alterations of cytochrome P450 proteins in livers from patients with severe chronic liver disease
    • George J, Murray M, Byth K, Farrell GC. Differential alterations of cytochrome P450 proteins in livers from patients with severe chronic liver disease. Hepatology 1995, 21:478-487.
    • (1995) Hepatology , vol.21 , pp. 478-487
    • George, J.1    Murray, M.2    Byth, K.3    Farrell, G.C.4
  • 29
    • 0031847721 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Selective effect of liver disease on the activ-ities of specific metabolizing enzymes: Investigation of cytochromes P450 2C19 and 2D6
    • Adedoyin A, Arns PA, Richards WO, Wilkinson GR, Branch RA. Selective effect of liver disease on the activ-ities of specific metabolizing enzymes: Investigation of cytochromes P450 2C19 and 2D6. Clin Pharmacol Ther 1998, 64:32-44.
    • (1998) Clin Pharmacol Ther , vol.64 , pp. 32-44
    • Adedoyin, A.1    Arns, P.A.2    Richards, W.O.3    Wilkinson, G.R.4    Branch, R.A.5
  • 32
    • 28544437646 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pharmacokinetics in patients with impaired hepatic function: Study design, data anal-ysis, and impact on dosing and labeling
    • CDER, CBER Internet at, FDA, Rockville, MD
    • CDER, CBER Pharmacokinetics in patients with impaired hepatic function: Study design, data anal-ysis, and impact on dosing and labeling. Guidance for industry 2003, Internet at, FDA, Rockville, MD. http://www.fda.gov/cder/guidance/index.htm.
    • (2003) Guidance for industry
  • 34
    • 0008412094 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Alteration of drug disposition in liver impairment
    • Tucker GT. Alteration of drug disposition in liver impairment. Br J Clin Pharmacol 1998, 46:355.
    • (1998) Br J Clin Pharmacol , vol.46 , pp. 355
    • Tucker, G.T.1
  • 36
    • 84882486080 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Antipyrine as a probe for human oxidative drug metabolism: Identifica-tion of the cytochrome P450 enzymes catalyzing 4-hydroxyantipyrine 3-hydroxymethylantipy
    • Engel G, Hofmann U, Heidemann H, Cosme J, Eichelbaum M. Antipyrine as a probe for human oxidative drug metabolism: Identifica-tion of the cytochrome P450 enzymes catalyzing 4-hydroxyantipyrine 3-hydroxymethylantipy. Clin Pharmacol Ther 1996, 59:646-649.
    • (1996) Clin Pharmacol Ther , vol.59 , pp. 646-649
    • Engel, G.1    Hofmann, U.2    Heidemann, H.3    Cosme, J.4    Eichelbaum, M.5
  • 37
    • 0034919632 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Quantitative testing of liver function in relation to fibrosis in patients with chronic hepatitis B and C
    • Herold C, Heinz R, Niedobitek G, Schneider T, Hahn EG, Schuppan D. Quantitative testing of liver function in relation to fibrosis in patients with chronic hepatitis B and C. Liver 2001, 21:1358-1362.
    • (2001) Liver , vol.21 , pp. 1358-1362
    • Herold, C.1    Heinz, R.2    Niedobitek, G.3    Schneider, T.4    Hahn, E.G.5    Schuppan, D.6
  • 39
    • 1642441389 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cytochrome P50 1A2 is a major determinant of lidocaine metabolism in vivo: Effects of liver function
    • Orlando R, Piccoli P, De Martin S, Padrini R, Floreani M, Palatini P. Cytochrome P50 1A2 is a major determinant of lidocaine metabolism in vivo: Effects of liver function. Clin Pharmacol Ther 2004, 75:201-204.
    • (2004) Clin Pharmacol Ther , vol.75 , pp. 201-204
    • Orlando, R.1    Piccoli, P.2    De, M.S.3    Padrini, R.4    Floreani, M.5    Palatini, P.6
  • 40
    • 0026545245 scopus 로고
    • The erythromycin breath test selectively measures P450IIIA in patients with severe liver dis-ease
    • Lown K, Kolars J, Turgeon K, Merion R, Wrighton SA, Watkins PB. The erythromycin breath test selectively measures P450IIIA in patients with severe liver dis-ease. Clin Pharmacol Ther 1992, 51:613-623.
    • (1992) Clin Pharmacol Ther , vol.51 , pp. 613-623
    • Lown, K.1    Kolars, J.2    Turgeon, K.3    Merion, R.4    Wrighton, S.A.5    Watkins, P.B.6
  • 41
    • 0025285552 scopus 로고
    • A ' cocktail ' strategy to assess in vivo oxidative drug metabolism in humans
    • Breimer DD, Schellens JHM. A ' cocktail ' strategy to assess in vivo oxidative drug metabolism in humans. Trends Pharmacol Sci 1990, 11:260-265.
    • (1990) Trends Pharmacol Sci , vol.11 , pp. 260-265
    • Breimer, D.D.1    Schellens, J.H.M.2
  • 42
    • 0030712276 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Validation of the five-drug "Pitts-burgh cocktail" approach for assessment of selective regulation of drug-metabolizing enzymes
    • Frye RF, Matzke GR, Adedoyin A, Porter JA, Branch RA. Validation of the five-drug "Pitts-burgh cocktail" approach for assessment of selective regulation of drug-metabolizing enzymes. Clin Phar-macol Ther 1997, 62:2268-2273.
    • (1997) Clin Phar-macol Ther , vol.62 , pp. 2268-2273
    • Frye, R.F.1    Matzke, G.R.2    Adedoyin, A.3    Porter, J.A.4    Branch, R.A.5
  • 43
    • 84882551637 scopus 로고
    • How useful is the" cocktail approach" for evaluating human hepatic drug metabolizing capacity using cytochrome P450 phenotyping probes in vivo?
    • Tanaka E, Kurata N, Yasuhara H. How useful is the" cocktail approach" for evaluating human hepatic drug metabolizing capacity using cytochrome P450 phenotyping probes in vivo?. J Clin Pharm Ther 1903, 28:80-88.
    • (1903) J Clin Pharm Ther , vol.28 , pp. 80-88
    • Tanaka, E.1    Kurata, N.2    Yasuhara, H.3
  • 46
    • 0023634583 scopus 로고
    • Unpredictability of clinical evaluation of renal function in cirrhosis: Prospective study
    • Papadakis MA, Arieff AI. Unpredictability of clinical evaluation of renal function in cirrhosis: Prospective study. Am J Med 1987, 82:365-376.
    • (1987) Am J Med , vol.82 , pp. 365-376
    • Papadakis, M.A.1    Arieff, A.I.2
  • 47
    • 0014833503 scopus 로고
    • Pharmacody-namics of carbenicillin in hepatic and renal failure
    • Hoffman TA, Cestero R, Bullock WE. Pharmacody-namics of carbenicillin in hepatic and renal failure. Ann Intern Med 1970, 73:157-165.
    • (1970) Ann Intern Med , vol.73 , pp. 157-165
    • Hoffman, T.A.1    Cestero, R.2    Bullock, W.E.3
  • 48
    • 0021814606 scopus 로고
    • Prolonged elimination of piperacillin in a patient with renal and liver failure
    • Green L, Dick JD, Goldberger SP, Anelopulos CM. Prolonged elimination of piperacillin in a patient with renal and liver failure. Drug Intell Clin Pharm 1985, 19:1819-1827.
    • (1985) Drug Intell Clin Pharm , vol.19 , pp. 1819-1827
    • Green, L.1    Dick, J.D.2    Goldberger, S.P.3    Anelopulos, C.M.4
  • 49
    • 0022460567 scopus 로고
    • High serum concentrations of mezlocillin in a critically ill patient with renal and hepatic dysfunction
    • Cooper BE, Nester TJ, Armstrong DK, Dasta JF. High serum concentrations of mezlocillin in a critically ill patient with renal and hepatic dysfunction. Clin Pharm 1986, 5:229-236.
    • (1986) Clin Pharm , vol.5 , pp. 229-236
    • Cooper, B.E.1    Nester, T.J.2    Armstrong, D.K.3    Dasta, J.F.4
  • 50
    • 0024575970 scopus 로고
    • Successful long-term treatment of portal-systemic encephalopa-thy by the benzodiazepine antagonist flumazenil
    • Ferenci P, Grimm G, Meryn S, Gangl A. Successful long-term treatment of portal-systemic encephalopa-thy by the benzodiazepine antagonist flumazenil. Gastroenterology 1989, 96:945-952.
    • (1989) Gastroenterology , vol.96 , pp. 945-952
    • Ferenci, P.1    Grimm, G.2    Meryn, S.3    Gangl, A.4
  • 51
    • 0017033747 scopus 로고
    • Intra-venous administration of diazepam in patients with chronic liver disease
    • Branch RA, Morgan MH, James J, Read AE. Intra-venous administration of diazepam in patients with chronic liver disease. Gut 1976, 17:173-178.
    • (1976) Gut , vol.17 , pp. 173-178
    • Branch, R.A.1    Morgan, M.H.2    James, J.3    Read, A.E.4
  • 52
    • 0023255595 scopus 로고
    • Mechanism of the excessive sedative response of cir-rhotics to benzodiazepines: Model experiments with triazolam
    • Bakti G, Fisch HU, Karlaganis G, Minder C, Bircher J. Mechanism of the excessive sedative response of cir-rhotics to benzodiazepines: Model experiments with triazolam. Hepatology 1987, 7:427-429.
    • (1987) Hepatology , vol.7 , pp. 427-429
    • Bakti, G.1    Fisch, H.U.2    Karlaganis, G.3    Minder, C.4    Bircher, J.5
  • 54
    • 0022001003 scopus 로고
    • Resistance to loop diuretics: Why it happens and what to do about it
    • Brater DC. Resistance to loop diuretics: Why it happens and what to do about it. Drugs 1985, 30:240-243.
    • (1985) Drugs , vol.30 , pp. 240-243
    • Brater, D.C.1
  • 55
    • 0032729299 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Use of diuretics in cirrhosis and nephrotic syndrome
    • Brater DC. Use of diuretics in cirrhosis and nephrotic syndrome. Semin Nephrol 1999, 19:975-983.
    • (1999) Semin Nephrol , vol.19 , pp. 975-983
    • Brater, D.C.1
  • 57
    • 0030814596 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Drug administration in chronic liver disease
    • Westphal J-F, Brogard J-M. Drug administration in chronic liver disease. Drug Safety 1997, 17:737-743.
    • (1997) Drug Safety , vol.17 , pp. 737-743
    • Westphal, J.-F.1    Brogard, J.-M.2
  • 58
  • 59
    • 0032713507 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of liver disease on pharmacokinetics: An update
    • Rodighiero V. Effects of liver disease on pharmacokinetics: An update. Clin Pharmacokinet 1999, 37:575-580.
    • (1999) Clin Pharmacokinet , vol.37 , pp. 575-580
    • Rodighiero, V.1
  • 60
    • 0023577426 scopus 로고
    • Influence of hepatic dysfunction on the pharmacokinetics of propafenone
    • Lee JT, Yee Y-G, Dorian P, Kates RE. Influence of hepatic dysfunction on the pharmacokinetics of propafenone. J Clin Pharmacol 1987, 27:154-160.
    • (1987) J Clin Pharmacol , vol.27 , pp. 154-160
    • Lee, J.T.1    Yee, Y.-G.2    Dorian, P.3    Kates, R.E.4
  • 61
    • 0019507408 scopus 로고
    • Pharmacokinetics bioavailability and ECG response of verapamil in patients with liver cirrhosis
    • Somogyi A, Albrecht M, Kliems G, Schäfer K, Eichelbaum M. Pharmacokinetics bioavailability and ECG response of verapamil in patients with liver cirrhosis. Br J Clin Pharmacol 1981, 12:47-73.
    • (1981) Br J Clin Pharmacol , vol.12 , pp. 47-73
    • Somogyi, A.1    Albrecht, M.2    Kliems, G.3    Schäfer, K.4    Eichelbaum, M.5
  • 62
    • 0022494957 scopus 로고
    • Nifedipine: Kinetics and hemodynamic effects in patients with liver cirrhosis after intravenous and oral administration
    • Kleinbloesem CH, van Harten J, Wilson JPH, Danhof M, van Brummelen P, Breimer DD. Nifedipine: Kinetics and hemodynamic effects in patients with liver cirrhosis after intravenous and oral administration. Clin Pharmacol Ther 1986, 40:330-336.
    • (1986) Clin Pharmacol Ther , vol.40 , pp. 330-336
    • Kleinbloesem, C.H.1    van, H.J.2    Wilson, J.P.H.3    Danhof, M.4    van, B.P.5    Breimer, D.D.6
  • 64
    • 0023907328 scopus 로고
    • Nisoldipine: Kinetics and effects on blood pressure in patients with liver cir-rhosis after intravenous and oral administration
    • van Harten J, van Brummelen P, Wilson JHP, Lodewijks MTM, Breimer DD. Nisoldipine: Kinetics and effects on blood pressure in patients with liver cir-rhosis after intravenous and oral administration. Eur J Clin Pharmacol 1988, 34:384-389.
    • (1988) Eur J Clin Pharmacol , vol.34 , pp. 384-389
    • van, H.J.1    van, B.P.2    Wilson, J.H.P.3    Lodewijks, M.T.M.4    Breimer, D.D.5
  • 65
    • 0029588499 scopus 로고
    • Pharmacokinetics of losartan an angiotensin II receptor antagonist and its active metabolite EXP3174 in humans
    • Lo M-W, Goldberg MR, McCrea JB, Lu H, Furtek CI, Bjornsson TD. Pharmacokinetics of losartan an angiotensin II receptor antagonist and its active metabolite EXP3174 in humans. Clin Pharmacol Ther 1995, 58:51-60.
    • (1995) Clin Pharmacol Ther , vol.58 , pp. 51-60
    • Lo, M.-W.1    Goldberg, M.R.2    McCrea, J.B.3    Lu, H.4    Furtek, C.I.5    Bjornsson, T.D.6
  • 66
    • 0029932496 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Losartan potassium. A review of its pharmacology clinical efficacy and tolerability in the management of hypertension
    • Goa KL, Wagstaff AJ. Losartan potassium. A review of its pharmacology clinical efficacy and tolerability in the management of hypertension. Drugs 1996, 51:21-28.
    • (1996) Drugs , vol.51 , pp. 21-28
    • Goa, K.L.1    Wagstaff, A.J.2
  • 67
    • 0030751117 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Losartan an orally active angiotensin (AT1) receptor antagonist: A review of its efficacy and safety in essential hypertension
    • McIntyre M, Caffe SE, Michalak RA, Reid JL. Losartan an orally active angiotensin (AT1) receptor antagonist: A review of its efficacy and safety in essential hypertension. Pharmacol Ther 1997, 74:563-568.
    • (1997) Pharmacol Ther , vol.74 , pp. 563-568
    • McIntyre, M.1    Caffe, S.E.2    Michalak, R.A.3    Reid, J.L.4
  • 70
    • 0025327284 scopus 로고
    • Effect of hepatic dys-function and T tube clamping on FK 506 pharma-cokinetics and trough concentrations
    • Jain AB, Venkataramanan R, Cadoff E, Fung JJ, Todo S, Krajack A, Starzl TE. Effect of hepatic dys-function and T tube clamping on FK 506 pharma-cokinetics and trough concentrations. Transplant Proc 1990, 22(suppl 1):820-845.
    • (1990) Transplant Proc , vol.22 , Issue.SUPPL. 1 , pp. 820-845
    • Jain, A.B.1    Venkataramanan, R.2    Cadoff, E.3    Fung, J.J.4    Todo, S.5    Krajack, A.6    Starzl, T.E.7
  • 71
    • 0032988091 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effect of losartan angiotensin II receptor antagonist on portal pres-sure in cirrhosis
    • Schneider AW, Kalk JF, Klein CP. Effect of losartan angiotensin II receptor antagonist on portal pres-sure in cirrhosis. Hepatology 1999, 29:181-194.
    • (1999) Hepatology , vol.29 , pp. 181-194
    • Schneider, A.W.1    Kalk, J.F.2    Klein, C.P.3


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.