Principal component analysis of indicator PCB profiles in breast milk from Poland

Environment International

Volumn 36, Issue 8, 2010, Pages 862-872

  Škrbić, Biljana ^a   Szyrwińska, Katarzyna ^b   Durišić Mladenović, Nataša ^a   Nowicki, Piotr ^b   Lulek, Janina ^b  

^a UNIVERSITY OF NOVI SAD   (Serbia)

^b POZNAN UNIVERSITY OF MEDICAL SCIENCES   (Poland)

Author keywords

Human milk; PCB; Principal component analysis

Indexed keywords

INDOOR AIR POLLUTION; OILS AND FATS; ORGANIC POLLUTANTS; POLYCHLORINATED BIPHENYLS; SURVEYS;

HUMAN MILK; INFLUENTIAL FACTORS; LIFESTYLE DATA; LOW BACKGROUND; PCB CONCENTRATION; POLYCHLORINATED BIPHENYL (PCBS); URBAN AND RURAL AREAS; VEGETABLE PRODUCTS;

PRINCIPAL COMPONENT ANALYSIS;

MILK FAT; POLYCHLORINATED BIPHENYL DERIVATIVE;

BIOINDICATOR; LIFESTYLE; MILK; PCB; POLLUTION EXPOSURE; PREGNANCY; PRINCIPAL COMPONENT ANALYSIS;

ADULT; ARTICLE; BREAST MILK; CHEMICAL COMPOSITION; CONCENTRATION (PARAMETERS); CONTROLLED STUDY; CORRELATION ANALYSIS; DATA ANALYSIS; ENVIRONMENTAL EXPOSURE; FEMALE; FOOD CONTAMINATION; GEOGRAPHIC DISTRIBUTION; HEALTH SURVEY; HUMAN; LIFESTYLE; POLAND; PRINCIPAL COMPONENT ANALYSIS; PRIORITY JOURNAL; QUESTIONNAIRE; URBAN RURAL DIFFERENCE;

POLAND; WIELKOPOLSKA;

EID: 77956625288     PISSN: 01604120     EISSN: 18736750     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2009.04.008     Document Type: Article

References (71)

1. Abballe A., Ballard T.J., Dellatte E., di Domenico A., Ferri F., Fulgenzi A.R., et al. Persistent environmental contaminants in human milk: concentrations and time trends in Italy. Chemosphere 2008, 73:S220-S227.
2. Bake M.A., Linnika Z., Sudmalis P., Kocan A., Jursa S., Pike A., et al. Assessment of the exposure of breast milk to persistent organic pollutants in Latvia. Int J Hyg Environ Health 2007, 210:483-489.
3. Bordet F., Mallet J., Maurice L., Borre S., Venant A. Organochlorine pesticides and PCB congeners content of French human milk. Bull Environ Contam Toxicol 1993, 50:425-432.
4. Borrell A., Cantos G., Aguilar A., Androukaki E., Dendrinos P. Concentrations and patterns of organochlorine pesticides and PCBs in Mediterranean monk seals (Monachus monachus) from Western Sahara and Greece. Sci Total Environ 2007, 381:316-325.
5. Cajka T., Hajslova J. Polychlorinated biphenyls and organochlorine pesticides in human milk from locality Prague, Czech Republic: a comparative study. Bull Environ Contam Toxicol 2003, 70:913-919.
6. Cok I., Satiroglu M.H. Polychlorinated biphenyl levels in adipose tissue of primiparous women in Turkey. Environ Int 2004, 30:7-10.
7. Cok I., Görücü E., Satiroglu M.H., Demircigil G.C. Polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) levels in human milk samples from Turkish mothers. Bull Environ Contam Toxicol 2003, 70:41-45.
8. Colles A., Koppen G., Hanot V., Nelen V., Dewolf M.-C., Noel E., et al. Fourth WHO-coordinated survey of human milk for persistent organic pollutants (POPs): Belgian results. Chemosphere 2008, 73:907-914.
9. Costopoulou D., Vassiliadou I., Papadopoulos A., Makropoulos V., Leondiadis L. Levels of dioxins, furans and PCBs in human serum and milk of people living in Greece. Chemosphere 2006, 65:1462-1469.
10. Craan A.G., Haines D.A. Twenty-five years of surveillance for contaminants in human breast milk. Arch Environ Contam Toxicol 1998, 35:702-710.
11. Currado G.M., Harrad S. Comparison of polychlorinated biphenyls concentrations in indoor and outdoor air and the potential significance of inhalation as a human exposure pathway. Environ Sci Technol 1998, 32:3043-3047.
12. Czaja K., Ludwicki J.K., Goralczyk K., Strucinski P. Relationship between two consecutive lactations and fat level in persistent organochlorine compound concentracions in human breast milk. Chemosphere 2001, 43:889-893.
13. Duarte-Davitson R., Jones K.C. Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) in the UK population: estimated intake, exposure and body burden. Sci Total Environ 1994, 151:131-152.
14. Duarte-Davitson R., Burnett V., Waterhouse K.S., Jones K.C. A congener specific method for analysis of PCBs in human milk. Chemosphere 1991, 23:119-131.
15. Galceran M.T., Santos F.J., Barceló D., Sanchez J. Improvements in the separation of polychlorinated biphenyl congeners by high-resolution gas chromatography: application to the analysis of two mineral oils and powdered milk. J Chromatogr A 1993, 655:275-284.
16. Gladen B.C., Monaghan S.C., Lukyanova E.M., Hulchiy O.P., Shkyryak-Nyzhnyk Z.A., Sericano J.L., et al. Organochlorine in breast milk from two cities in Ukraine. Environ Health Perspect 1999, 107/6:459-462.
17. Gluszynski P. Persistent organic pollutants in Poland: study on human breast milk. Waste Prevention Association "3R", Krakow, Poland 2002, www. mindfully.org/Health/2002/Breast-Milk-PolandApr02.htm. Accessed on October 2007.
18. Golobočanin D., Škrbić B., Miljević N. Principal component analysis for soil contamination with PAHs. Chemom Intell Lab Syst 2004, 72:219-223.
19. Hazrati S., Harrad S. Causes of variability in concentrations of polychlorinated biphenyls and polybrominated diphenyl ethers in indoor air. Environ Sci Technol 2006, 40:7548-7589.
20. Heinzow B.G.J., Mohr S., Ostendorp G., Kerst M., Korner W. Dioxin-like PCB in indoor air contaminated with different sources. Organohalog Compd 2004, 66:2470-2476.
21. Herceg Romanic S., Krauthacker B. Organochlorine pesticides and PCB congeners in human milk from two population groups in Croatia. Bull Environ Contam Toxicol 2006, 76:705-711.
22. Hong Ch-S., Bush B., Xio J. Isolation and determination of mono-ortho and non-ortho substituted PCBs (coplanar PCBs) in human milk by HPLC porous graphitic carbon and GC/ECD. Chemosphere 1992, 24:465-473.
23. Ingelido A.M., Ballard T., Dellatte E., Di Domenico A., Ferri F., Fulgenzi A.R., et al. Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) in milk from Italian women living in Rome and Venice. Chemosphere 2007, 67:S301-S306.
24. Jandacek R.J., Tso P. Factors affecting the storage and excretion of toxic lipophilic xenobiotics. Lipids 2001, 36:1289-1305.
25. Jensen A.A. Transfer of chemical contaminants into human milk. Chemical contaminants in human milk 1991, 9-19. CRC Press. A.A. Jensen, S.A. Slorach (Eds.).
26. Jolliffe I.T. Principal component analysis 1986, Springer-Verlag, New York.
27. Kaiser H.F., Rice J. Little jiffy, mark IV. Educ Psychol Meas 1974, 34:111-117.
28. Kalantzi O., Martin F.L., Thomas G.O., Alcock R.E., Tang H.R., Drury S.C., et al. Different levels of polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) and chlorinated compounds in breast milk from two U.K. regions. Environ Health Perspect 2004, 112/10:1085-1091.
29. Korrick S.A., Altshul L. High breast milk Levels of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) among four women living adjacent to a PCB-contaminated site. Environ Health Perspect 1998, 106:513-518.
30. Kostyniak P.J., Stinskon C., Greizerstein H.B., Vena J., Buck G., Mendola P. Relation of Lake Ontario fish consumption, lifetime lactation and parity to breast milk polychlorobiphenyl and pesticide concentrations. Environ Res Sec A 1999, 80:S166-S174.
31. LaKind J.S., Berlin C.M., Naiman D.Q. Infant exposure to chemicals in breast milk in the United States: what we need to learn from breast milk monitoring program. Environ Health Perspect 2001, 106:513-518.
32. LaKind J.S., Wilkins A.A., Berlin C.M. Environmental chemicals in human milk: a review of levels, infant exposures and health, and guidance for future research. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2004, 198:184-208.
33. Lulek J. Levels of polychlorinated biphenyls in some waste motor and transformer oils from Poland. Chemosphere 1998, 37:2021-2030.
34. Lulek J. The study of human exposure to PCBs and OCPs in the region III-Europe. TOCOEN Report No. 245 2002, http://recetox.muni.cz/sources/unep/Lulek.pdf. Assessed on October 2007.
35. Lulek J., Szyrwińska K., Szafran B., Pachcińska A., Nowak E. Validation of the method of selected polychlorinated biphenyls determination in human milk samples. Int J Environ Anal Chem 2003, 83:487-494.
36. Malisch R., van Leeuwen F.X.R. Results of the WHO-coordinated exposure study on the levels of PCBs, PCDDs and PCDFs in human milk. Organohalog Compd 2003, 64:140-143.
37. Massart D.L., Vandeginste B.G.M., Buydens L.M.C., De Jong S., Lewi P.J., Smeyers-Verbeke J. Principal components. Handbook of chemometrics and qualimetrics: Part B 1997, 519-556. Elsevier, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
38. Meijer S.N., Ockenden W.A., Sweetman A., Breivik K., Grimalt J.O., Jones K.C. Global distribution and budget of PCBs and HCB in background surface soils: implications for sources and environmental processes. Environ Sci Technol 2003, 37:667-672.
39. Menichini E., Iacovella N., Monfredini L., Turrio-Baldassarri L. Relationships between indoor and outdoor air pollution by carcinogenic PAHs and PCBs. Atmos Environ 2007, 41:9518-9529.
40. Morrison D. Multivariate statistical methods 1967, McGraw-Hill, New York.
41. Nakamura T., Nakai K., Matsumura T., Suzuki S., Saito Y., Satoh H. Determination of dioxins and polychlorinated biphenyls in breast milk, maternal blood and cord bloom from residents of Tohoku, Japan. Sci Total Environ 2008, 394:39-51.
42. Noren K., Meironyte D. Certain organochlorine and organobromine contaminants in Swedish human milk in perspective of past 20-30 years. Chemosphere 2000, 40:1111-1123.
43. Polder A., Becher G., Savinova T., Skaare J.U. Dioxins, PCBs and some chlorinated pesticides in human milk from the Kola Peninsula, Russia. Chemosphere 1998, 37/9-12:1795-1806.
44. Polder A., Gabrielsen G.W., Odland J.Ø., Savinova T.N., Tkachev A., Løken K.B., et al. Spatial and temporal changes of chlorinated pesticides, PCBs, dioxins (PCDDs/PCDFs) and brominated flame retardants in human breast milk from Northern Russia. Sci Total Environ 2008, 391:41-54.
45. Raab U., Preiss U., Albrecht M., Shahin N., Parlar H., Fromme H. Concentrations of polybrominated diphenyl ethers, organochlorine compounds and nitro musks in mother's milk from Germany (Bavaria). Chemosphere 2008, 72:87-94.
46. Rachdaawong P., Christensen E.R. Determination of PCB sources by a principal component method with nonnegative constraints. Environ Sci Technol 1997, 31:2686-2691.
47. Ramos L., Hernandez L.M., Gonzales M.J. Variation of PCB congener levels during lactation period and relationship to their molecular structure. Arch Environ Contam Toxicol 1997, 33:97-103.
48. Rudel R.A., Seryak L.M., Brody J.G. PCB-containing wood floor finish is a likely source of elevated PCBs in residents' blood, household air and dust: a case study of exposure. Environ Health 2008, 7. [http://www.ehjournal.net/content/7/1/2].
49. Schade G., Heinzow B. Organochlorine pesticides and polychlorinated biphenyls in human milk of mothers living in northern Germany: current extent of contamination, time trend from 1986 to 1997 and factors that influence the levels of contamination. Sci Total Environ 1998, 215:31-39.
50. Schaeffer D.J., Dellinger J.A., Needham L.L., Hansen L.G. Serum PCB profiles in Native Americans from Wisconsin based on region, diet, age, and gender: implications for epidemiology studies. Sci Total Environ 2006, 357:74-87.
51. She J., Petreas M.X., Visita P., McKinney M., Sy F.J., Winkler J.J., et al. Congener-specific analysis of PCBs in human milk from Kazakhstan. Chemosphere 1998, 37/3:431-442.
52. She J., Holden A., Sharp M., Tanner M., Williamson-Derry C., Hooper K. Polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) in breast milk from the Pacific Northwest. Chemosphere 2007, 67:S307-S317.
53. Škrbić B., Durišić-Mladenović N. Principal component analysis for soil contamination with organochlorine compounds. Chemosphere 2007, 68:2144-2152.
54. Škrbić B., Durišić-Mladenović N. Non-dioxin-like PCBs in crops and related products: levels and intakes in Serbia. Food Addit Contam 2007, 24:652-662.
55. Škrbić B., Durišić-Mladenović N., Cvejanov J. Principal component analysis of trace elements in Serbian wheat. J Agric Food Chem 2005, 52:2171-2175.
56. Smeyers-Verbeke J., Den Hartog J.C., Dekker W.H., Coomans D., Buydens L., Massart D.L. The use of principal components analysis for the investigation of an organic air pollutants data set. Atmos Environ 1984, 18:2471-2478.
57. Szyrwinska K., Lulek J. Exposure to specifi polychlorinated biphenyls and some chlorinated pesticides via breast milk in Poland. Chemosphere 2007, 66:1895-1903.
58. Tan J., Chen S.M., Loganath A., Chong Y.S., Obbard J.P. Selected organochlorine pesticide and polychlorinated biphenyl residues in house dust in Singapore. Chemosphere 2007, 68:1675-1682.
59. Tan J., Li Q.-Q., Loganath A., Chong Y.S., Xiao M., Obbard J.P. Multivariate data analysis of persistent organic pollutants in maternal adipose tissue in Singapore. Environ Sci Technol 2008, 42:2681-2687.
60. Thomas G.O., Wilkinson M., Hodson S., Jones K.C. Organohalogen chemicals in human blood from the United Kingdom. Environ Pollut 2006, 141:30-41.
61. Vaclavik E., Tjonneland A., Stripp C., Overvad K., Weber J.P., Raaschou-Nielsen O. Organochlorines in Danish women: predictors of adipose tissue concentrations. Environ Res 2006, 100:362-370.
62. van Leeuwen F.X.R., Malisch R. Results of the third round of the WHO-coordinated exposure study on the levels of PCBs, PCDDs and PCDFs in human milk. Organohalog Compd 2002, 56:311-316.
63. Vives I., Muller A., Umlauf G., Christoph E.H., Mariani G., Skejo H., et al. Levels of PCDD/Fs and trace elements in superficial soils of Pavia Province (Italy). Environ Int 2008, 34:994-1000.
64. Wells D.E., Maier E.A., Griepink B. Calibrants and calibration for chlorinated biphenyls. Int J Environ Anal Chem 1992, 46:255-264.
65. Wingfors H., Lindström G., Van Bavel B., Schuhmacher M., Hardell L. Multivariate data evaluation of PCB and dioxin profiles in the general population in Sweden and Spain. Chemosphere 2000, 40:1083-1088.
66. Wingfors H., Selden A.I., Nilsson C., Haglund P. Identification of markers for PCB exposure in plasma from Swedish construction workers removing old elastic sealents. Ann Occup Hyg 2006, 50:65-73.
67. Wolff M.S., Deych E., Ojo F., Berkowitz G.S. Predictors of organochlorines in New York City pregnant women, 1998-2001. Environ Res 2005, 97:170-177.
68. Yang Y., Chang Y., Kim B., Shin D., Ikonomou M.G. Congener-distribution patterns and risk assessment of polychlorinated biphenyls, dibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzofurans in Korean human milk. Chemosphere 2002, 47:1085-1095.
69. Yu Z., Palkovicova L., Drobna B., Petrik J., Kocan A., Trnovec T., et al. Comparison of organochlorine compound concentrations in colostrum and mature milk. Chemosphere 2007, 66:1012-1018.
70. Zhao G., Xu Y., Li W., Han G., Ling B. PCBs and OCPs in human milk and selected foods from Luqiao and Pingqiao in Zhejiang, China. Sci Total Environ 2007, 378:281-292.
71. Zuccato E., Calvarese S., Mariani S., Mangiapan S., Grasso P., Guzzi A., et al. Level, sources and toxicity of polychlorinated biphenyls in the Italian diet. Chemosphere 1999, 38:2753-2765.